A method for detecting the included angle between the raceway and the rib of a tapered roller bearing inner ring

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of detection methods of the included angle between inner raceway and rib of tapered roller bearing, comprising the following steps: the included angle between the big rib cone surface of bearing inner race and the raceway conical surface is alpha, the conical half angle of raceway conical surface is alpha 1, the conical half angle of big rib conical surface is alpha 2, and simultaneously establish geometric relationship model about included angle alpha;After angle conversion by geometric relationship model, alpha=alpha 1+alpha 2 is calculated;Using coordinate measuring machine measurement evaluation function, the conical half angle alpha 1 of raceway conical surface and the conical half angle alpha 2 of big rib conical surface are obtained, so that the included angle alpha is obtained.The present application adopts direct measurement method, can directly detect the included angle between inner raceway and rib of tapered roller bearing inner race, effectively solves the problem of the detection of the included angle between inner raceway and rib of tapered roller bearing inner race, provides strong technical support for product precision of production and manufacturing unit, and provides reliable and effective guarantee for main machine user installation and use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bearing testing technology, and specifically relates to a method for detecting the angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of a tapered roller bearing. Background Technology

[0002] Tapered roller bearings, due to their ability to simultaneously withstand radial and unidirectional axial loads, possess high rigidity and impact resistance, and are widely used in mechanical structures requiring heavy and impact loads. Examples include automotive front and rear wheel hubs, transmission systems such as gearboxes and reducers, rolling mills, mining machinery, metallurgical equipment, and railway vehicle assembly. The angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of a tapered roller bearing is a critical geometric parameter in bearing design, directly affecting the axial positioning of the rollers, load distribution, and bearing life. This angle must match the raceway angle to ensure line contact between the roller generatrix and the raceway surface generatrix, and point contact between the arc of the roller's large end and the flange, optimizing stress transfer and reducing sliding friction. Therefore, precise control of this angle is crucial for bearing performance. A schematic diagram of the angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of a tapered roller bearing is shown below. Figure 1 As shown.

[0003] Under normal circumstances, the angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of tapered roller bearings is qualitatively measured using a template, or quantitatively measured using a profilometer. However, with increasingly stringent product requirements, qualitative measurement using templates cannot accurately determine the true machining quality of this angle. Furthermore, most tapered roller bearing inner ring raceway generatrices now employ a modified design, meaning the raceway center is convex. When using a profilometer, the convexity of the raceway generatrices affects the reliability of the measurement results. Therefore, the measurement of the angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of tapered roller bearings has become a challenge for both OEM users and bearing manufacturers.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a suitable detection method for the angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of tapered roller bearings, so as to effectively evaluate the processing and assembly quality of the product and meet the needs of product design and the installation and use requirements of the host user. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems in the prior art, this invention proposes a method for detecting the angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of a tapered roller bearing. The objective of this invention and the technical problem it solves are achieved through the following technical solution.

[0006] A method for detecting the angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of a tapered roller bearing, according to the present invention, includes the following steps: S1. Let the included angle between the inner ring large flange conical surface and the raceway conical surface be α, the cone half angle of the raceway conical surface be α1, and the cone half angle of the large flange conical surface be α2. At the same time, establish a geometric relationship model about the included angle α with the inner ring large flange conical surface and the raceway conical surface as the conical surfaces respectively. S2, after angle transformation through geometric relationship model, α = α1 + α2 is calculated; S3. Select a suitable coordinate measuring machine according to the requirements. Place the inner ring of the bearing on the coordinate measuring machine platform with the small end face facing upwards to establish a coordinate system. S4. Manually collect plane elements and inner diameter circle elements of the small end face of the bearing inner ring, and collect arbitrary point elements on the small end face of the bearing inner ring to roughly build a rectangular coordinate system. S5 automatically collects measurement points on the small end face of the bearing inner ring to generate a plane, and measurement points on the inner diameter circular surface to generate a circle. It also collects arbitrary point elements on the small end face of the bearing inner ring and precisely constructs a rectangular coordinate system. S6, Select the raceway conical surface and provide relevant information about the raceway conical surface, measure the raceway conical surface, and obtain raceway cone 1; S7, Select the large flange conical surface and provide relevant information about the large flange conical surface, measure the large flange conical surface, and obtain the large flange cone 2; S8. Using the coordinate measuring machine's measurement and evaluation function, the cone half angle of the inner ring raceway conical surface is evaluated to obtain the cone half angle α1 of the raceway conical surface; the cone half angle of the large flange conical surface of the inner ring is evaluated to obtain the cone half angle α2 of the large flange conical surface, and finally the included angle α between the large flange conical surface and the raceway conical surface is obtained.

[0007] Furthermore, step S1 also includes auxiliary angles, which include the opposite angle α5 of the angle α between the large side cone surface and the raceway cone surface, the complementary angle α3 of the half cone angle α1 of the raceway cone surface, and the complementary angle α4 of the half cone angle α2 of the large side cone surface.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S2, referring to the geometric relationship model, the specific process of angle transformation is as follows: α=α5=180°-α3-α4; while α3=90°-α1, α4=90°-α2; Then α=180°-(90°-α1)-(90°-α2); After simplification, we get α = α1 + α2.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S4, the specific process of establishing the rectangular coordinate system is as follows: a plane is formed using small end face elements, a circle is formed using inner diameter circle elements, and a point is formed using point elements. A rectangular coordinate system is roughly constructed using a plane-circle-point form.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S5, the specific process of finely constructing the rectangular coordinate system is as follows: at least eight measurement points are collected on the small end face of the bearing inner ring to generate a plane, at least eight measurement points are collected on the inner diameter circular surface of the bearing inner ring to generate a circle, and point elements on the small end face of the bearing inner ring are collected to generate points. The rectangular coordinate system is finely constructed using a plane-circle-point approach.

[0011] Furthermore, in steps S4 and S5, the positions of the point elements collected during the coarse and fine construction of the rectangular coordinate system are consistent on the small end face of the bearing inner ring.

[0012] Furthermore, the origins of the X, Y, and Z axes of the two rectangular coordinate systems established in steps S4 and S5 are all located at the center of the projection circle of the inner diameter circle of the bearing inner ring on the small end face.

[0013] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages: 1) This invention adopts a direct measurement method, which can directly detect the angle between the inner raceway and the flange of the inner ring of a tapered roller bearing. This effectively solves the problem of detecting the angle between the inner raceway and the flange of the inner ring of existing tapered roller bearings, provides strong technical support for the product accuracy of manufacturing units, and provides reliable and effective protection for the installation and use of main equipment by users.

[0014] 2) The detection method of the present invention is universal and applicable to the batch processing of inner rings of tapered roller bearings, which is beneficial to improving the inspection efficiency of the angle between the inner raceway and the flange of the inner ring of tapered roller bearings.

[0015] 3) The detection method of this invention is based on a geometric relationship model and coordinate measurement principle. The measurement method is reliable and is beneficial to improving the measurement accuracy of the angle between the inner raceway and the flange of the inner ring of a tapered roller bearing.

[0016] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the included angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of the bearing in this invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the geometric relationship between the included angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of the bearing in this invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the angle measurement process of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of step I in the mid-angle measurement.

[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of step II for measuring the mid-angle.

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of step III for measuring the mid-angle.

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of step IV for measuring the mid-angle. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 2- Figure 7 A method for detecting the angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of a tapered roller bearing includes the following steps: S1. Let the included angle between the inner ring large flange conical surface and the raceway conical surface of the bearing (the bearing of this invention is a tapered roller bearing) be α, the cone half angle of the raceway conical surface be α1, and the cone half angle of the large flange conical surface be α2. At the same time, auxiliary angles are set, including the angle α5 opposite to the included angle α between the large flange conical surface and the raceway conical surface, the complementary angle α3 of the cone half angle α1 of the raceway conical surface, and the complementary angle α4 of the cone half angle α2 of the large flange conical surface. Then, a geometric relationship model about the included angle α is established with the inner ring large flange conical surface and the raceway conical surface as the conical surfaces respectively. S2, see reference Figure 2 From the geometric relationships, we know that since α and α5 are opposite angles, then α = α5; and since α3, α4, and α5 are all interior angles of the same triangle, then α5 = 180° - α3 - α4; furthermore, as mentioned above, we know that α1 and α3, and α2 and α4 are complementary angles, then α3 = 90° - α1, α4 = 90° - α2; therefore, α = 180° - (90° - α1) - (90° - α2); after simplification, we can get α = α1 + α2.

[0026] S3. Select a suitable coordinate measuring machine according to the product size and accuracy requirements. Place the bearing inner ring on the coordinate measuring machine platform with the small end face facing up, and construct the workpiece coordinate system. The specific steps for establishing the workpiece coordinate system are as follows. S4, see reference Figure 4First, a rough rectangular coordinate system is established. This involves manually collecting plane elements and inner diameter circle elements of the small end face of the bearing inner ring, and collecting arbitrary point elements on the small end face of the bearing inner ring. The small end face elements are used to form a plane, the inner diameter circle elements are used to form a circle, and the point elements are used to form a point. The rectangular coordinate system is roughly established using a plane-circle-point form. At the same time, the coordinate system is set on the small end face of the bearing inner ring. The origin of the rectangular coordinate system X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis is located at the center of the projection circle of the inner diameter circle of the tapered roller bearing inner ring on the small end face. S5, see reference Figure 5 The precise construction of the rectangular coordinate system specifically includes using the automatic program function of the coordinate measuring machine to collect more than eight measurement points on the small end face of the bearing inner ring to generate a plane, collecting more than eight measurement points on the inner diameter circular surface of the bearing inner ring to generate a circle, and collecting point elements on the small end face of the bearing inner ring in the same position as those collected during the rough construction of the coordinate system to generate a point. Similarly, using the plane-circle-point method, the rectangular coordinate system is precisely constructed so that the coordinate system is set on the small end face of the tapered roller bearing inner ring. The origin of the rectangular coordinate system X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis is located at the center of the projection circle of the inner diameter circle of the tapered roller bearing inner ring on the small end face.

[0027] S6, Participation Figure 6 , Figure 7 A raceway conical surface is selected and its relevant information is given. The coordinate measuring machine uses relevant measurement and calculation methods to measure the raceway conical surface to obtain raceway cone 1. At the same time, a large flange conical surface is selected and its relevant information is given. The coordinate measuring machine uses relevant measurement and calculation methods to measure the large flange conical surface to obtain large flange cone 2. S7. Using the coordinate measuring machine's measurement and evaluation function, the cone half angle of the inner ring raceway conical surface is evaluated to obtain the cone half angle α1 of the raceway conical surface; the cone half angle of the large flange conical surface of the inner ring is evaluated to obtain the cone half angle α2 of the large flange conical surface, and finally the included angle α between the large flange conical surface and the raceway conical surface is obtained.

[0028] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made by those skilled in the art to the above embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention and based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the angle between the raceway of the inner ring of a tapered roller bearing and the flange, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Let the included angle between the inner ring large flange conical surface and the raceway conical surface be α, the cone half angle of the raceway conical surface be α1, and the cone half angle of the large flange conical surface be α2. At the same time, establish a geometric relationship model about the included angle α with the inner ring large flange conical surface and the raceway conical surface as the conical surfaces respectively. S2, after angle transformation through geometric relationship model, α = α1 + α2 is calculated; S3. Select a suitable coordinate measuring machine according to the requirements. Place the inner ring of the bearing on the coordinate measuring machine platform with the small end face facing upwards to establish a coordinate system. S4. Manually collect plane elements and inner diameter circle elements of the small end face of the bearing inner ring, and collect arbitrary point elements on the small end face of the bearing inner ring to roughly build a rectangular coordinate system. S5 automatically collects measurement points on the small end face of the bearing inner ring to generate a plane, and measurement points on the inner diameter circular surface to generate a circle. It also collects arbitrary point elements on the small end face of the bearing inner ring and precisely constructs a rectangular coordinate system. S6, Select the raceway conical surface and provide relevant information about the raceway conical surface, measure the raceway conical surface, and obtain raceway cone 1; S7, Select the large flange conical surface and provide relevant information about the large flange conical surface, measure the large flange conical surface, and obtain the large flange cone 2; S8. Using the coordinate measuring machine's measurement and evaluation function, the cone half angle of the inner ring raceway conical surface is evaluated to obtain the cone half angle α1 of the raceway conical surface; the cone half angle of the large flange conical surface of the inner ring is evaluated to obtain the cone half angle α2 of the large flange conical surface, and finally the included angle α between the large flange conical surface and the raceway conical surface is obtained.

2. The method for detecting the angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of a tapered roller bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 also includes auxiliary angles, which include the opposite angle α5 of the angle α between the large side cone surface and the raceway cone surface, the complementary angle α3 of the half cone angle α1 of the raceway cone surface, and the complementary angle α4 of the half cone angle α2 of the large side cone surface.

3. The method for detecting the angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of a tapered roller bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, referring to the geometric relationship model, the specific process of angle transformation is as follows: α=α5=180°-α3-α4; while α3=90°-α1, α4=90°-α2; Then α=180°-(90°-α1)-(90°-α2); After simplification, we get α = α1 + α2.

4. The method for detecting the angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of a tapered roller bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the specific process of establishing the rectangular coordinate system is as follows: a plane is formed using small end face elements, a circle is formed using inner diameter circle elements, and a point is formed using point elements. A rectangular coordinate system is roughly constructed using a plane-circle-point form.

5. The method for detecting the angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of a tapered roller bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the specific process of finely constructing the rectangular coordinate system is as follows: at least eight measurement points are collected on the small end face of the bearing inner ring to generate a plane, at least eight measurement points are collected on the inner diameter circular surface of the bearing inner ring to generate a circle, and point elements are collected on the small end face of the bearing inner ring to generate points. The rectangular coordinate system is finely constructed using the plane-circle-point method.

6. The method for detecting the angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of a tapered roller bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: In steps S4 and S5, the positions of the point elements on the small end face of the bearing inner ring collected during the coarse and fine construction of the rectangular coordinate system are consistent.

7. The method for detecting the angle between the inner ring raceway and the flange of a tapered roller bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The origins of the X, Y, and Z axes of the two rectangular coordinate systems established in steps S4 and S5 are all located at the center of the projection circle of the inner diameter circle of the bearing inner ring on the small end face.

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