Activation circuit and electronic device

Abstract

The application discloses an activation circuit and an electronic device. The activation circuit comprises a first switching circuit, a second switching circuit and a third switching circuit. The first switching circuit and the third switching circuit are connected with an input power supply, the second switching circuit is connected with the first switching circuit and the third switching circuit, and the first switching circuit is connected with a first power supply. The activation circuit is configured to: in response to the input power supply being powered on, the third switching circuit is turned on; in response to the input power supply being powered on, the second switching circuit is turned on after a first time length based on the third switching circuit being turned on; in response to the second switching circuit being turned on, the first switching circuit is turned on after a second time length, and an activation signal is generated based on the first power supply; in response to the input power supply being powered on, the third switching circuit is turned off after a third time length, so that the second switching circuit is turned off, and the third time length is greater than the sum of the first time length and the second time length; and in response to the second switching circuit being turned off, the first switching circuit is turned off. In the above manner, the power consumption of the electronic device can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic circuit technology, and in particular to an activation circuit and electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] In electronic devices, some modules need to switch from a non-operating state to an operating state. For example, the battery management system (BMS) relies on a dedicated activation circuit to achieve the wake-up function during the switching process. Currently, the commonly used activation circuit functions as follows: it drives the optocoupler UA1 to conduct through the positive half-cycle of the AC power supply, thereby outputting a wake-up signal to the module, thus enabling the module to enter the operating state from the non-operating state.

[0003] However, the above solution has a significant drawback: once the module is successfully activated, the activation circuit does not stop working but remains operational as long as AC power is continuously supplied, causing the module to remain activated and unable to re-enter the low-power sleep mode. Simultaneously, the continuous operation of the optocoupler generates additional static losses, increasing the no-load power consumption of the electronic device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an activation circuit and an electronic device that can reduce the power consumption of the electronic device.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an activation circuit, including: a first switch circuit, a second switch circuit, and a third switch circuit; both the first and third switch circuits are electrically connected to an input power supply, the second switch circuit is electrically connected to both the first and third switch circuits, and the first switch circuit is also electrically connected to a first power supply; the activation circuit is configured to: in response to power-on of the input power supply, the third switch circuit is turned on; in response to power-on of the input power supply, the second switch circuit is turned on after a first duration based on the turn-on of the third switch circuit; in response to the turn-on of the second switch circuit, the first switch circuit is turned on after a second duration to generate an activation signal based on the first power supply; in response to power-on of the input power supply, the third switch circuit is turned off after a third duration to turn off the second switch circuit, wherein the third duration is greater than the sum of the first and second durations; in response to the turn-off of the second switch circuit, the first switch circuit is turned off to stop generating the activation signal.

[0006] In one or more embodiments, the activation circuit further includes: a first energy storage circuit electrically connected to an input power supply, a first switching circuit, and a second switching circuit, configured to be charged by the input power supply in response to the second switching circuit being turned on after the input power supply is powered on, wherein the voltage on the first energy storage circuit drives the first switching circuit to turn on when the charging duration of the first energy storage circuit is a second duration; a second energy storage circuit electrically connected to the input power supply and a third switching circuit, configured to be charged in response to the input power supply being powered on, wherein the voltage on the second energy storage circuit drives the second switching circuit to turn on when the charging duration of the second energy storage circuit is a first duration; and a third energy storage circuit electrically connected to the third switching circuit, configured to be charged based on the electrical energy released by the second energy storage circuit, wherein the third switching circuit is driven to turn off based on the voltage on the third energy storage circuit at a time corresponding to the third duration after the input power supply is powered on.

[0007] In one or more embodiments, the first switching circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, and an optocoupler; the first end of the first resistor and the anode of the light emitter of the optocoupler are both electrically connected to the live wire of the input power supply, the second end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the cathode of the light emitter of the optocoupler and the second switching circuit, the first end of the light receiver of the optocoupler is electrically connected to the first power supply, the second end of the light receiver of the optocoupler is electrically connected to the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is grounded; wherein, the activation signal is generated at the second end of the light receiver of the optocoupler.

[0008] In one or more embodiments, the first switching circuit further includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first switching transistor, and a second switching transistor; the first end of the third resistor and the second end of the first switching transistor are both electrically connected to the live wire of the input power supply, the second end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the first switching transistor and the second end of the second switching transistor, the third end of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the first end of the second switching transistor and the first end of the fourth resistor, the third end of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the anode of the light emitter of the optocoupler, and the second end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the second end of the first resistor, the cathode of the light emitter of the optocoupler, and the second switching circuit.

[0009] In one or more embodiments, the second switching circuit includes a first Zener diode, a fifth resistor, and a third switching transistor; the cathode of the first Zener diode is electrically connected to the third switching circuit, the anode of the first Zener diode is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fifth resistor and the first terminal of the third switching transistor, the second terminal of the fifth resistor and the second terminal of the third switching transistor are both electrically connected to the neutral line of the input power supply, and the third terminal of the third switching transistor is electrically connected to the first switching circuit.

[0010] In one or more embodiments, the third switching circuit includes a sixth resistor and a fourth switching transistor; the first end of the sixth resistor is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth switching transistor and the live wire of the input power supply, the second end of the sixth resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth switching transistor, and the third end of the fourth switching transistor is electrically connected to the second switching circuit.

[0011] In one or more embodiments, the first energy storage circuit includes a first capacitor, a first diode, a seventh resistor, and an eighth resistor; the first terminal of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the cathode of the first diode and a first switching circuit, the second terminal of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the seventh resistor and a second switching circuit, the anode of the first diode is electrically connected to the first terminal of the seventh resistor and the first terminal of the eighth resistor, and the second terminal of the eighth resistor is electrically connected to the live wire of the input power supply.

[0012] In one or more embodiments, the second energy storage circuit includes a second capacitor, a second diode, a ninth resistor, and a tenth resistor; the first terminal of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the cathode of the second diode and a third switching circuit, the second terminal of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the ninth resistor and the neutral wire of the input power supply, the anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first terminal of the ninth resistor and the first terminal of the tenth resistor, and the second terminal of the tenth resistor is electrically connected to the live wire of the input power supply.

[0013] In one or more embodiments, the third energy storage circuit includes a third capacitor; a first terminal of the third capacitor is electrically connected to a third switching circuit, and a second terminal of the third capacitor is electrically connected to the neutral wire of the input power supply.

[0014] In one or more embodiments, the activation circuit further includes: a rectifier circuit electrically connected to the input power supply, the first energy storage circuit, and the second energy storage circuit, configured to rectify the input power supply, wherein the input power supply is an AC power supply.

[0015] In one or more embodiments, the rectifier circuit includes a third diode; the anode of the third diode is electrically connected to the live wire of the input power supply, and the cathode of the third diode is electrically connected to the first energy storage circuit and the second energy storage circuit.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a control circuit and an activation circuit as described in the first aspect; the activation circuit is electrically connected to an input power supply and the control circuit, and the activation circuit is configured to output an activation signal to the control circuit in response to power-on of the input power supply, so as to activate the control circuit.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: The activation circuit of this application embodiment includes a first switch circuit, a second switch circuit, and a third switch circuit. The first and third switch circuits are both electrically connected to the input power supply, and the second switch circuit is electrically connected to both the first and third switch circuits. The first switch circuit is also electrically connected to a first power supply. After the input power supply is powered on, the following process is executed: First, the third switch circuit is turned on; then, with the third switch circuit turned on, the second switch circuit is turned on after a first duration following the power supply being powered on; then, after the second switch circuit is turned on, the first switch circuit is turned on after a second duration, and an activation signal is generated based on the first power supply to activate the corresponding module; subsequently, after a third duration following the power supply being powered on, the third switch circuit is turned off, causing the second switch circuit to turn off, thereby turning off the first switch circuit and stopping the generation of the activation signal. Since the third duration is longer than the sum of the first and second durations, the activation circuit generates the activation signal first and then stops generating the activation signal, without generating additional static losses. Compared to the method of maintaining the output activation signal in related technologies, this application can effectively reduce the power consumption of electronic devices including this activation circuit. Attached Figure Description

[0018] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the embodiments, and elements having the same reference numerals in the drawings are designated as similar elements.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the activation circuit provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the activation circuit provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the activation circuit provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the activation circuit provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 . Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be described clearly and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments in this application are only some embodiments, not all embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0021] It should be noted that when an element is described as "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element, or there can be one or more intermediate elements between them.

[0022] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the block diagram of the activation circuit provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the activation circuit 100 includes a first switch circuit 110, a second switch circuit 120, and a third switch circuit 130.

[0024] The first switch circuit 110 and the third switch circuit 130 are both electrically connected to the input power supply AC. The second switch circuit 120 is electrically connected to the first switch circuit 110 and the third switch circuit 130 respectively. The first switch circuit 110 is also electrically connected to the first power supply V1.

[0025] The activation circuit 100 is configured to: in response to the input power supply AC being powered on, the third switching circuit 130 is turned on; in response to the input power supply AC being powered on, the second switching circuit 120 is turned on after a first duration based on the turn on of the third switching circuit 130; in response to the turn on of the second switching circuit 120, the first switching circuit 110 is turned on after a second duration to generate an activation signal S1 based on the first power supply V1; in response to the power supply AC being powered on, the third switching circuit 130 is turned off after a third duration to turn off the second switching circuit 120, wherein the third duration is longer than the sum of the first duration and the second duration; in response to the turn off of the second switching circuit 120, the first switching circuit 110 is turned off to stop generating the activation signal S1.

[0026] The fact that the input power AC is powered on means that the activation circuit 100 is connected to a qualified AC working voltage and is in a state of effective power supply.

[0027] Specifically, after the input AC power supply is turned on, the following processes are executed in chronological order: At time T1, the third switch circuit 130 is turned on, where time T1 is the moment when the input power supply AC is just powered on.

[0028] At time T2, the third switch circuit 130 remains on and the second switch circuit 120 is on. Time T2 is the time corresponding to the first duration starting from time T1.

[0029] At time T3, the first switching circuit 110 is turned on to generate an activation signal S1 based on the first power supply V1. Here, time T3 refers to the time corresponding to the second duration starting from time T2.

[0030] At time T4, the third switch circuit 130 is turned off, thereby turning off the second switch circuit 120, which in turn turns off the first switch circuit 110, thus stopping the generation of the activation signal S1. Here, time T4 is the time corresponding to the third duration starting from time T1, and time T4 is later than time T3.

[0031] In this way, the activation circuit 100 generates the activation signal S1 first, and then stops generating the activation signal S1, without generating additional static losses. Compared with the method of maintaining the output activation signal in related technologies, this application can effectively reduce the power consumption of electronic devices including the activation circuit 100.

[0032] Secondly, in related technologies, the optocoupler is driven to conduct by the positive half-cycle of the AC power supply, causing the optocoupler output to only intermittently output a short-duration high-level pulse signal (this signal is the activation signal). This signal characteristic is difficult to effectively identify to trigger the corresponding module. However, in this application, by reasonably setting the third duration, the output activation signal S1 can be effectively extended, making it easier for the wake-up signal S1 to be stably acquired and accurately identified, thereby improving the signal detection success rate and system activation reliability.

[0033] Furthermore, in related technologies, when the activated module is in an operating condition requiring emergency shutdown, such as undervoltage, the continuous output of the activation signal S1 can prevent the module from performing the shutdown operation normally, easily causing over-discharge of the battery powering the module, and thus resulting in permanent battery damage and failure. In this application, since the activation signal S1 is not continuously generated, it will not affect the normal shutdown operation of the module.

[0034] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the activation circuit 100 also includes a first energy storage circuit 140, a second energy storage circuit 150, and a third energy storage circuit 160.

[0035] The first energy storage circuit 140 is electrically connected to the input power supply AC, the first switching circuit 110, and the second switching circuit 120. The first energy storage circuit 140 is configured to be charged by the input power supply AC in response to the second switching circuit 120 being turned on after the input power supply AC is powered on, wherein the voltage on the first energy storage circuit 140 drives the first switching circuit 110 to turn on when the charging time of the first energy storage circuit 140 is a second duration.

[0036] The second energy storage circuit 150 is electrically connected to the input power supply AC and the third switching circuit 130. The second energy storage circuit 150 is configured to be charged in response to the input power supply AC being powered on, wherein, when the charging time of the second energy storage circuit 150 is a first duration, the voltage on the second energy storage circuit 150 drives the second switching circuit 120 to conduct through the third switching circuit 130.

[0037] The third energy storage circuit 160 is electrically connected to the third switching circuit 130. The third energy storage circuit 160 is configured to be charged based on the electrical energy released by the second energy storage circuit 150, wherein, at a time corresponding to a third duration after the input power supply AC is powered on, the third switching circuit 130 is driven to turn off based on the voltage on the third energy storage circuit 150.

[0038] Specifically, after the input AC power supply is turned on, the following processes are executed in chronological order: At time T1, the second energy storage circuit 150 is charged by the input power AC, and the third switching circuit 130 is turned on. Here, time T1 is the moment when the input power AC is just powered on.

[0039] At time T2, the third switching circuit 130 remains on; the second energy storage circuit 150 is charged, causing the voltage on the second energy storage circuit 150 to increase to the point that it can drive the second switching circuit 120 to turn on, where time T2 is the time corresponding to the first duration starting from time T1.

[0040] Subsequently, on the one hand, after the second switching circuit 120 is turned on, the first energy storage circuit 140 is charged by the input power AC; on the other hand, the second energy storage circuit 150 releases electrical energy to charge the third energy storage circuit 160.

[0041] At time T3, the voltage on the first energy storage circuit 140 increases due to charging, reaching a level that can drive the first switching circuit 110 to conduct, thereby generating an activation signal S1 based on the first power supply V1. Here, time T3 refers to the time corresponding to the second duration starting from time T2.

[0042] At time T4, the third energy storage circuit 160 is charged, causing the voltage on the third energy storage circuit 160 to increase to a level that drives the third switching circuit 130 to turn off. This causes the second switching circuit 120 to turn off, which in turn causes the first switching circuit 110 to turn off, thus stopping the generation of the activation signal S1. Time T4 is the time corresponding to the third duration starting from time T1, and time T4 is later than time T3.

[0043] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the activation circuit 100 also includes a rectifier circuit 170.

[0044] The rectifier circuit 170 is electrically connected to the input power supply AC, the first energy storage circuit 140, and the second energy storage circuit 150. The rectifier circuit 170 is configured to rectify the input power supply AC, which is an alternating current (AC) power supply. Rectification can be half-wave rectification or full-wave rectification. By rectifying the input power supply AC, the alternating AC voltage of the input power supply AC can be converted into a unidirectional pulsating DC voltage, thereby supplying charging energy to the downstream energy storage circuits (including the first energy storage circuit 140 and the second energy storage circuit 150), enabling continuous charging of each energy storage circuit.

[0045] Figure 4 An exemplary circuit structure for an activation circuit is shown. In some embodiments, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the first switching circuit 110 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, and an optocoupler U1.

[0046] The first terminal of the first resistor R1 and the anode of the light emitter of the optocoupler U1 are both electrically connected to the live wire AC_L of the input power supply AC. The second terminal of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the cathode of the light emitter of the optocoupler U1 and the second switching circuit 120. The first terminal of the light receiver of the optocoupler U1 is electrically connected to the first power supply V1, and the second terminal of the light receiver of the optocoupler U1 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second resistor R2. The second terminal of the second resistor R2 is grounded GND. The activation signal S1 is generated at the second terminal of the light receiver of the optocoupler.

[0047] The first resistor R1 is the bleeder resistor for the LED of optocoupler U1, which is used to quickly turn off optocoupler U1 when the drive current flowing through it disappears. The second resistor R2 is a pull-down resistor.

[0048] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 The first switching circuit 110 also includes a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a first switching transistor Q1, and a second switching transistor Q2.

[0049] The first terminal of the third resistor R3 and the second terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 are both electrically connected to the live wire AC_L of the input power supply AC. The second terminal of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 and the second terminal of the second switching transistor Q2. The third terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the second switching transistor Q2 and the first terminal of the fourth resistor R4. The third terminal of the second switching transistor Q2 is electrically connected to the anode of the light emitter of the optocoupler U1. The second terminal of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the first resistor R1, the cathode of the light emitter of the optocoupler U1, and the second switching circuit 120.

[0050] Specifically, the third resistor R3, the fourth resistor R4, the first switch Q1, and the second switch Q2 form a current-limiting drive circuit to provide a stable input current for the optocoupler U1. The specific implementation process will be explained in the subsequent working principle section.

[0051] In this embodiment, the first switching transistor Q1 and the second switching transistor Q2 are PNP transistors. The base of the PNP transistor is the first terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 and the second switching transistor Q2, the emitter of the PNP transistor is the second terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 and the second switching transistor Q2, and the collector of the PNP transistor is the third terminal of the first switching transistor Q1 and the second switching transistor Q2.

[0052] In addition, the first switch Q1 and the second switch Q2 can be any controllable switch, such as an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) device, an integrated gate commutated thyristor (IGCT) device, a gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) device, a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) device, a junction gate field-effect transistor (JFET) device, a MOS controlled thyristor (MCT) device, etc.

[0053] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 The second switching circuit 120 includes a first Zener diode Z1, a fifth resistor R5, and a third switching transistor Q3.

[0054] The cathode of the first Zener diode Z1 is electrically connected to the third switching circuit 130, the anode of the first Zener diode Z1 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fifth resistor R5 and the first terminal of the third switching transistor Q3, the second terminal of the fifth resistor R5 and the second terminal of the third switching transistor Q3 are both electrically connected to the neutral line AC_N of the input power supply AC, and the third terminal of the third switching transistor Q3 is electrically connected to the first switching circuit 110.

[0055] In this embodiment, the third switch Q3 is an NMOS transistor. The gate of the NMOS transistor is the first terminal of the third switch Q3, the source of the NMOS transistor is the second terminal of the third switch Q3, and the drain of the NMOS transistor is the third terminal of the third switch Q3.

[0056] In addition, the third switch Q3 can be any controllable switch, such as an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) device, an integrated gate commutated thyristor (IGCT) device, a gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) device, a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) device, a junction gate field-effect transistor (JFET) device, a MOS controlled thyristor (MCT) device, etc.

[0057] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 The third switching circuit 130 includes a sixth resistor R6 and a fourth switching transistor Q4.

[0058] The first end of the sixth resistor R6 is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth switch Q4 and the live wire AC_L of the input power AC. The second end of the sixth resistor R6 is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth switch Q4. The third end of the fourth switch Q4 is electrically connected to the second switch circuit 120.

[0059] In this embodiment, the fourth switch Q4 is an NMOS transistor. The gate of the NMOS transistor is the first terminal of the fourth switch Q4, the source of the NMOS transistor is the second terminal of the fourth switch Q4, and the drain of the NMOS transistor is the third terminal of the fourth switch Q4.

[0060] In addition, the fourth switch Q4 can be any controllable switch, such as an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) device, an integrated gate commutated thyristor (IGCT) device, a gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) device, a silicon controlled rectifier (SCR) device, a junction gate field-effect transistor (JFET) device, a MOS controlled thyristor (MCT) device, etc.

[0061] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 The first energy storage circuit 140 includes a first capacitor C1, a first diode D1, a seventh resistor R7, and an eighth resistor R8.

[0062] The first terminal of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the cathode of the first diode D1 and the first switching circuit 110. The second terminal of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the seventh resistor R7 and the second switching circuit 120. The anode of the first diode D1 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the seventh resistor R7 and the first terminal of the eighth resistor R8. The second terminal of the eighth resistor R8 is electrically connected to the live wire AC_L of the input power supply AC. The seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8 form a voltage divider circuit.

[0063] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 The second energy storage circuit 150 includes a second capacitor C2, a second diode D2, a ninth resistor R9, and a tenth resistor R10.

[0064] The first terminal of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the cathode of the second diode D2 and the third switch circuit 120. The second terminal of the second capacitor C2 is electrically connected to the second terminal of the ninth resistor R9 and the neutral wire AC_N of the input power supply AC. The anode of the second diode D2 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the ninth resistor R9 and the first terminal of the tenth resistor R10. The second terminal of the tenth resistor R10 is electrically connected to the live wire AC_L of the input power supply AC. The ninth resistor R9 and the tenth resistor R10 form a voltage divider circuit.

[0065] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 The third energy storage circuit 160 includes a third capacitor C3.

[0066] The first terminal of the third capacitor C3 is electrically connected to the third switch circuit 130, and the second terminal of the third capacitor C3 is electrically connected to the neutral line AC_N of the input power supply AC.

[0067] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 The rectifier circuit 170 includes a third diode D3.

[0068] The anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the live wire AC_L of the input power supply AC, and the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the first energy storage circuit 140 and the second energy storage circuit 150. The third diode D3 is used to implement half-wave rectification.

[0069] The following are Figure 4 The principle of the circuit structure shown will be explained.

[0070] After the AC power supply is turned on, the following processes are executed in chronological order: At time T1, the AC power supply, after half-wave rectification by the third diode D3, is divided by the ninth resistor R9 and the tenth resistor R10, and then charges the second capacitor C2 through the second diode D2. Simultaneously, the voltage across the second capacitor C2 is the source voltage of the fourth switch Q4, while the gate voltage of the fourth switch Q4 is the voltage across the third capacitor C3 (which is 0 at the moment of power-on). At this time, the gate-source voltage (i.e., the voltage between the gate and source) of the fourth switch Q4 is negative, and the fourth switch Q4 is turned on. Here, time T1 is the moment when the input power supply AC is just powered on.

[0071] At time T2, the fourth switch Q4 remains on. The second capacitor C2 is charged, causing the voltage on the second capacitor C2 to increase to exceed the sum of the voltage regulation value of the first Zener diode Z1 and the conduction threshold of the third switch Q3. The voltage on the second capacitor C2 drives the third switch Q3 to conduct. Here, time T2 is the time corresponding to the first duration starting from time T1.

[0072] By selecting appropriate resistors R9 (ninth resistor), R10 (tenth resistor), and Zener diode Z1, the voltage of the input power supply AC can be selected. The third switch Q3 will only turn on when the input power supply AC voltage is higher than a certain value. This avoids activating subsequent modules when the input power supply AC voltage is insufficient, thus preventing increased system power consumption.

[0073] Subsequently, on one hand, after the third switch Q3 is turned on, the AC power supply, after half-wave rectification by the third diode D3, is divided by the seventh resistor R7 and the eighth resistor R8, and then charges the first capacitor C1 through the first diode D1. On the other hand, the already fully charged second capacitor C2 releases energy to the third capacitor C3 through the sixth resistor R6, forming an RC charging circuit. The third capacitor C3 charges steadily, and the voltage across the third capacitor C3 rises. This increases the gate voltage of the fourth switch Q4, and the absolute value of the gate-source voltage of the fourth switch Q4 decreases. Since the gate-source voltage of the fourth switch Q4 is negative, the absolute value of the gate-source voltage of the fourth switch Q4 actually decreases as the gate voltage increases.

[0074] At time T3, the voltage across the first capacitor C1 increases due to charging, exceeding the sum of Vbe (the voltage between the base and emitter) when the first switch Q1 is turned on, Vbe when the second switch Q2 is turned on, and the forward conduction voltage of the light emitter of optocoupler U1. The voltage across the first capacitor C1 drives the light emitter of optocoupler U1 to turn on, and the light receiver of optocoupler U1 also turns on. The first power supply V1 is output as activation signal S1 through the light receiver of optocoupler U1. At this time, activation signal S1 is a high-level signal. Here, time T3 refers to the moment corresponding to the second duration starting from time T2.

[0075] After the LED of optocoupler U1 is turned on, the driving current flowing through the LED gradually increases as the voltage across the first capacitor C1 increases. This driving current flows through the third resistor R3, increasing the voltage between the emitter and base of the first switching transistor Q1, i.e., decreasing the voltage between the base and emitter of the first switching transistor Q1 (denoted as Vbe). When the driving current increases to the point that Vbe reaches the turn-on threshold of the first switching transistor Q1, the first switching transistor Q1 turns on. Current flows through the fourth resistor R4, increasing the base voltage of the second switching transistor Q2, thereby increasing Vbe of the second switching transistor Q2. This causes the second switching transistor Q2 to gradually switch from the initial saturation conduction state to the amplification state, and Vce of the second switching transistor Q2 gradually increases, thus increasing the voltage at the second terminal of the third resistor R3, suppressing the current flowing through the third resistor R3 from continuing to increase. Finally, the current flowing through the third resistor R3 (i.e., the driving current of optocoupler U1) will maintain a near-constant current state, thereby providing a stable input current for optocoupler U1. The constant current value of the drive current = Vbe / R3.

[0076] The reason why the second switch Q2 is initially in a saturated conduction state is as follows: In the initial state, because the emitter of the second switch Q2 is electrically connected to the base of the first switch Q1, the emitter potential of the second switch Q2 is relatively high; while the base of the second switch Q2 is grounded to GND through the fourth resistor R4, the potential of the base of the second switch Q2 is relatively low. Therefore, the emitter junction of the second switch Q2 is naturally forward biased, and the second switch Q2 is in a saturated conduction state. It can be understood that at this time, the first switch Q1 is in a turned-off state, and the base of the second switch Q2 is not clamped by the first switch Q1.

[0077] Furthermore, by selecting appropriate parameters for the seventh resistor R7, the eighth resistor R8, and the first capacitor C1, the voltage on the first capacitor C1 can always be greater than the voltage required for the constant current drive of the optocoupler U1, so that the optocoupler U1 can be continuously and stably turned on, and the secondary side (i.e., the photodetector) of the optocoupler U1 can continuously output a stable high level, thereby providing a stable activation signal S1.

[0078] At time T4, the voltage across the third capacitor C3 increases due to charging, causing the gate-source voltage of the fourth switch Q4 to exceed its negative turn-on threshold, thus turning off the fourth switch Q4. The voltage of the second capacitor C2 cannot act on the gate of the third switch Q3 through the first Zener diode Z1, and the third switch Q3 also turns off. After the third switch Q3 turns off, the path of the light emitter of optocoupler U1 is disconnected, the light emitter of optocoupler U1 is de-energized, the light receiver of optocoupler U1 is disconnected, and the second terminal of the light receiver of the optocoupler switches to a low level, corresponding to the cessation of output activation signal. Furthermore, thereafter, the power consumption of the first energy storage circuit 140 and the first switching circuit 110 is 0. Time T4 is the time corresponding to the third duration starting from time T1, and time T4 is later than time T3.

[0079] It is understandable that by selecting appropriate sixth resistor R6 and third capacitor C3, the turn-off time of fourth switch Q4 can be adjusted, ultimately causing the activation signal S1 to disappear after a period of time.

[0080] In summary, the activation circuit first generates the activation signal S1, then stops generating it, without incurring additional static losses. Secondly, the timing of the activation signal S1's appearance can be set as needed, facilitating stable acquisition and accurate identification of the wake-up signal S1, thereby improving signal detection success rate and system activation reliability. Furthermore, the activation signal S1 is not continuously generated, thus not affecting the normal shutdown operation of subsequently activated modules.

[0081] This application also provides an electronic device. The electronic device includes a control circuit and an activation circuit 100 as described in any embodiment of this application. The activation circuit 100 is electrically connected to an input power supply and the control circuit. The activation circuit 100 is configured to output an activation signal to the control circuit in response to power-on of the input power supply, thereby activating the control circuit. Activation of the control circuit means that upon receiving the activation signal, the control circuit is powered on and starts up, the system enters a standby working state, and can process instructions and manage the operation of the device.

[0082] In one specific embodiment, the control circuit is a circuit in the Battery Management System (BMS).

[0083] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

[0084] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Within the framework of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, and the steps can be implemented in any order. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An activation circuit, characterized in that, include: First switching circuit, second switching circuit and third switching circuit; Both the first and third switching circuits are electrically connected to the input power supply. The second switching circuit is electrically connected to both the first and third switching circuits. The first switching circuit is also electrically connected to the first power supply. The activation circuit is configured as follows: In response to the power supply being turned on, the third switching circuit is turned on; In response to the power-on of the input power supply, the second switching circuit is turned on after a first duration based on the turn-on of the third switching circuit; In response to the second switching circuit being turned on, the first switching circuit is turned on after a second duration to generate an activation signal based on the first power supply; In response to the power supply being powered on, the third switching circuit is turned off after a third duration, so that the second switching circuit is turned off, wherein the third duration is longer than the sum of the first duration and the second duration; In response to the second switching circuit being turned off, the first switching circuit is turned off to stop generating the activation signal.

2. The activation circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The activation circuit further includes: A first energy storage circuit, electrically connected to the input power supply, the first switching circuit, and the second switching circuit, is configured to be charged by the input power supply in response to the second switching circuit being turned on after the input power supply is powered on, wherein the voltage on the first energy storage circuit drives the first switching circuit to turn on when the charging duration of the first energy storage circuit is the second duration. The second energy storage circuit, electrically connected to the input power supply and the third switching circuit, is configured to be charged in response to the power supply being powered on, wherein when the charging duration of the second energy storage circuit is the first duration, the voltage on the second energy storage circuit drives the second switching circuit to conduct through the third switching circuit; The third energy storage circuit, electrically connected to the third switching circuit, is configured to be charged based on the electrical energy released by the second energy storage circuit, wherein, at a time corresponding to a third duration after the input power is powered on, the third switching circuit is driven to turn off based on the voltage on the third energy storage circuit.

3. The activation circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first switching circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, and an optocoupler; The first end of the first resistor and the anode of the light emitter of the optocoupler are both electrically connected to the live wire of the input power supply. The second end of the first resistor is electrically connected to the cathode of the light emitter of the optocoupler and the second switching circuit. The first end of the light receiver of the optocoupler is electrically connected to the first power supply. The second end of the light receiver of the optocoupler is electrically connected to the first end of the second resistor. The second end of the second resistor is grounded. The activation signal is generated at the second end of the photoreceptor of the optocoupler.

4. The activation circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first switching circuit also includes a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first switching transistor, and a second switching transistor; The first end of the third resistor and the second end of the first switching transistor are both electrically connected to the live wire of the input power supply. The second end of the third resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the first switching transistor and the second end of the second switching transistor. The third end of the first switching transistor is electrically connected to the first end of the second switching transistor and the first end of the fourth resistor. The third end of the second switching transistor is electrically connected to the anode of the light emitter of the optocoupler. The second end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected to the second end of the first resistor, the cathode of the light emitter of the optocoupler, and the second switching circuit.

5. The activation circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The second switching circuit includes a first Zener diode, a fifth resistor, and a third switching transistor; The cathode of the first Zener diode is electrically connected to the third switching circuit, the anode of the first Zener diode is electrically connected to the first terminal of the fifth resistor and the first terminal of the third switching transistor, the second terminal of the fifth resistor and the second terminal of the third switching transistor are both electrically connected to the neutral line of the input power supply, and the third terminal of the third switching transistor is electrically connected to the first switching circuit.

6. The activation circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The third switching circuit includes a sixth resistor and a fourth switching transistor; The first end of the sixth resistor is electrically connected to the second end of the fourth switch and the live wire of the input power supply, the second end of the sixth resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth switch, and the third end of the fourth switch is electrically connected to the second switching circuit.

7. The activation circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first energy storage circuit includes a first capacitor, a first diode, a seventh resistor, and an eighth resistor; The first terminal of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the cathode of the first diode and the first switching circuit. The second terminal of the first capacitor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the seventh resistor and the second switching circuit. The anode of the first diode is electrically connected to the first terminal of the seventh resistor and the first terminal of the eighth resistor. The second terminal of the eighth resistor is electrically connected to the live wire of the input power supply.

8. The activation circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second energy storage circuit includes a second capacitor, a second diode, a ninth resistor, and a tenth resistor; The first terminal of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the cathode of the second diode and the third switching circuit. The second terminal of the second capacitor is electrically connected to the second terminal of the ninth resistor and the neutral wire of the input power supply. The anode of the second diode is electrically connected to the first terminal of the ninth resistor and the first terminal of the tenth resistor. The second terminal of the tenth resistor is electrically connected to the live wire of the input power supply.

9. The activation circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The third energy storage circuit includes a third capacitor; The first terminal of the third capacitor is electrically connected to the third switching circuit, and the second terminal of the third capacitor is electrically connected to the neutral wire of the input power supply.

10. The activation circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The activation circuit further includes: A rectifier circuit, electrically connected to the input power supply, the first energy storage circuit, and the second energy storage circuit, is configured to rectify the input power supply, wherein the input power supply is an AC power supply.

11. The activation circuit according to claim 10, characterized in that, The rectifier circuit includes a third diode; The anode of the third diode is electrically connected to the live wire of the input power supply, and the cathode of the third diode is electrically connected to the first energy storage circuit and the second energy storage circuit.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that, Includes a control circuit and an activation circuit as described in any one of claims 1-11; The activation circuit is electrically connected to the input power supply and the control circuit. The activation circuit is configured to output an activation signal to the control circuit in response to the power supply being turned on, so as to activate the control circuit.

Images