Antenna and communication device

Abstract

This application provides an antenna and communication device, relating to the field of communication technology. The antenna includes a dielectric substrate, a dipole array, a feed line structure, and a first grounding structure. The dielectric substrate includes a first surface and a second surface facing each other. The first grounding structure and the feed line structure are both located on the first surface, and the dipole array is located on the side of the first surface away from the second surface. The excitation amplitude of the dipole array is tapered along a first direction. The feed line structure includes a first feed line extending at both ends along the first direction, located on one side of the dipole array in the second direction. The first feed line includes a main body section and a shielding section. The shielding section is connected to both ends of the main body section, and the main body section has a feed point. The antenna also includes a shielding cover corresponding to the shielding section. The shielding cover is located on the corresponding shielding section and is electrically connected to the first grounding structure. The shielding section is covered by the shielding cover, while the main body section is not covered by the shielding cover. This allows for a lower cost for the antenna with better low sidelobe performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna and a communication device. Background Technology

[0002] Antennas are devices used in communication equipment to transmit and receive radio waves. To meet people's communication needs, more and more communication equipment is being deployed in cities. For example, communication equipment can be deployed as access points (APs) in public places such as stadiums and conference venues to meet the communication needs of users in these places.

[0003] In high-density deployment scenarios, antennas with good low sidelobes are often required to reduce co-channel interference. However, antennas with good low sidelobes are typically more expensive. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an antenna and communication device that can reduce the cost of antennas with good low sidelobe performance.

[0005] A first aspect of this application provides an antenna, which includes a dielectric substrate, a dipole array, a feed line structure, and a first grounding structure. The dielectric substrate includes a first surface and a second surface, which are located on opposite sides of the substrate's thickness direction. The first grounding structure and the feed line structure are both disposed on the first surface. The dipole array is disposed on the side of the first surface away from the second surface, and the feed line structure is coupled to the dipole array.

[0006] The oscillator array comprises multiple rows of oscillator elements arranged along a first direction. Along the first direction, the excitation amplitude of the oscillator elements gradually decreases from the oscillator elements located in the middle of the oscillator array to the oscillator elements located at both ends of the oscillator array.

[0007] The feeder structure includes a first feeder extending from both ends along a first direction, located on one side of the oscillator array in a second direction. The first feeder includes a main body section and a shielding section, with both ends of the main body section and both ends of the shielding section spaced apart in the first direction. Both ends of the main body section are connected to the shielding section, and the main body section has a feed point.

[0008] The antenna also includes a shielding cover corresponding to the shielding section. The shielding cover is disposed on the corresponding shielding section and is located on the side of the first feed line away from the first surface. The shielding cover is electrically connected to the first grounding structure. Along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate, the projection of the shielding section is covered by the projection of the shielding cover, and the projection of the main body section is outside the projection of the shielding cover. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0009] The antenna provided in this application embodiment reduces the overall radiation efficiency of the first feed line in the first direction by setting shielding covers at the shielding sections at both ends of the main body section, thereby reducing the impact of the first feed line's radiation on the radiation of the dipole array in the first direction. Furthermore, since the main body section where the feed point is located is not covered by the shielding covers, the shielding covers located on both sides of the main body section can provide electromagnetic shielding at the sidelobes of the first feed line radiating along the first direction, making the radiated electric field of the first feed line also tapered along the first direction. By reducing the overall radiation efficiency of the first feed line in the first direction and making the radiated electric field of the first feed line tapered along the first direction, the impact of the first feed line's radiation on the radiation of the dipole array at the sidelobes in the first direction can be reduced, resulting in a better low-sidelobe effect in the first direction.

[0010] The shielding cover only needs to cover the shielding section; most of the feed line structure does not require shielding. This means that only the shielding section needs to be covered for localized electromagnetic shielding of the feed line structure. This allows for a smaller shielding cover, making the radiation at the sidelobes of the dipole array in the first direction less susceptible to interference from the feed line structure's radiation. This results in a better low-sidelobe effect in the first direction while reducing the number of large structural layers, thus lowering antenna cost. Furthermore, no additional grounding layer is needed for isolation between the dipole array and the feed line structure, facilitating coupling and simplifying the antenna structure, further reducing cost. Additionally, since no grounding layer is required for isolation, no large dielectric layer is needed between the dipole array and the feed line structure. Coupling between the dipole array and the feed line structure does not require passing through a dielectric layer, minimizing performance loss caused by such a large dielectric layer.

[0011] In one possible implementation, on the same side of the feed point along the first direction: the electrical length between the shielding section and the end of the first feed line is less than 0.1λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna.

[0012] This facilitates shielding of the sidelobe positions at both ends of the first feed line, thereby reducing the radiation intensity at the sidelobe positions at both ends of the first feed line. It also allows for the use of a smaller shielding cover to ensure that the radiation at the sidelobe positions of the oscillator array in the first direction is less affected by the radiation from the feed line structure.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the size of the shield in the first direction is less than or equal to 1 / 6λ.

[0014] This results in a smaller shield size, which helps reduce antenna costs. Furthermore, the smaller shield size also minimizes antenna performance loss caused by the shield. Additionally, the smaller shield size in the first direction allows the first output port of the first feed line to be exposed outside the shield, facilitating coupling between the first feed line and the vibrator array.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the size of the shield in the first direction is greater than or equal to 0.01λ.

[0016] In this way, the shielding cover can effectively shield the sidelobes of the first feed line, so that the radiation from the first feed line has little impact on the sidelobe level of the antenna in the first direction.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the shielding cover includes conductive plates spaced apart on the side of the first feed line away from the first surface, and the conductive plates are electrically connected to a first grounding structure. In the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate, the spacing between the conductive plates and the first feed line is less than or equal to 0.05λ.

[0018] This allows the shielding cover to have a better shielding effect on the shielded section.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the distance between the connection between the shield and the first grounding structure and the first feeder is less than or equal to 0.05λ.

[0020] This allows for a smaller gap between the shield and the first feeder, resulting in better shielding of the shielded section.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the first feeder and the first grounding structure form a coplanar waveguide structure.

[0022] In this way, the first grounding structure can shield the radiation of the first feed line on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate, thereby reducing the impact of the first feed line's radiation on the oscillator array. Furthermore, shielding the first feed line with the first grounding structure reduces interference with the signal transmission of the first feed line. Additionally, transmitting electrical signals through a coplanar waveguide structure also minimizes the transmission loss of the first feed line.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the first grounding structure includes a first grounding portion and a second grounding portion, which are located on opposite sides of the first feeder in the second direction. The shielding cover includes a first electrical connection structure and a second electrical connection structure, which are located at opposite ends of the shielding cover in the second direction. The first electrical connection structure is electrically connected to the first grounding portion, and the second electrical connection structure is electrically connected to the second grounding portion.

[0024] In this way, by electrically connecting the shielding cover to the first grounding part and the second grounding part located on both sides of the first feed line, the first grounding part, the second grounding part, and the shielding cover can effectively enclose the shielded section, thereby providing good electromagnetic shielding for the shielded section. Furthermore, the first and second electrical connection structures facilitate convenient connection between the shielding cover and the first and second grounding parts.

[0025] In one possible implementation, the first grounding structure has a wiring groove that runs through both sides of the first grounding structure in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate, the feed structure is disposed in the wiring groove, and the first grounding structure surrounds the outside of the feed structure.

[0026] In this way, by setting up the cable trays, the feeder structure and the first grounding structure can form a coplanar waveguide structure, allowing the first grounding structure to provide a good shielding effect for the feeder structure. Furthermore, the first grounding structure surrounding the feeder structure makes it easier to connect the first grounding structure to the shielding cover.

[0027] In one possible implementation, the first grounding structure also has a plurality of oscillator slots corresponding one-to-one with the oscillator units. The oscillator slots extend through both sides of the first grounding structure in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate. The wiring slots are connected to the oscillator slots. Two adjacent oscillator slots are spaced apart. The oscillator units are located on the first surface and within the corresponding oscillator slots. The first grounding structure surrounds the outside of the oscillator units.

[0028] In this way, the first grounding structure can provide better electromagnetic isolation between the two adjacent oscillator units on the first surface, as well as between the oscillator unit and the feeder structure, which helps to reduce the mutual influence between the two adjacent oscillator units and between the oscillator unit and the feeder structure.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the first feeder has multiple first output ports, with each row of oscillator units coupled to one first output port. The first output ports of the first feeder are arranged along a first direction and according to the arrangement order of their respective connected oscillator units. The feed point has first output ports on both sides of the first direction, and the output power of the first output ports gradually decreases from the first output port adjacent to the feed point to the first output port farther away from the feed point.

[0030] In this way, the power distribution of the first feeder facilitates the tapered amplitude distribution of the multiple rows of oscillator units in the oscillator array along the first direction, so that the oscillator array has a lower sidelobe level in the first direction.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the first output port adjacent to the power supply point is located in the main body segment.

[0032] In this way, the shield covers less of the first feed line, allowing for a smaller shield size in the first direction, which helps reduce costs and minimizes antenna performance loss caused by the shield. Furthermore, it facilitates the coupling connection between the first output port adjacent to the feed point and the corresponding vibrator element.

[0033] In one possible implementation, the projection of the first output port is located outside the projection of the shield along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate.

[0034] In this way, it is easier to couple the first output port to the corresponding oscillator unit.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the multiple first output ports include a first port, a second port, a third port, and a fourth port. The feed point is located between the second port and the third port, and the electrical length from the feed point to the second port is equal to the electrical length from the feed point to the third port. The first port is located on the side of the second port furthest from the feed point, and the electrical length between the first port and the second port is λ times n. The fourth port is located on the side of the third port furthest from the feed point, and the electrical length between the fourth port and the third port is λ times m. Here, m and n are both integers greater than 0.

[0036] This ensures that the electrical signal transmitted by the first feeder is in phase at the first, second, third, and fourth ports, which is beneficial for achieving higher antenna gain.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the feeder structure further includes multiple second feeders, with each row of oscillator units coupled to the first output port via a second feeder. Along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate, the projection of the second feeders lies outside the projection of the shield.

[0038] In this way, while the connection between the first feed line and the vibrator array is relatively convenient, the shielding covers fewer parts of the feed line structure, allowing for a smaller shielding size, which helps reduce costs and minimizes antenna performance loss caused by the shielding. Furthermore, the fact that the second feed line is not covered by the shielding facilitates coupling between the second feed line and its corresponding vibrator element, as well as with the first feed line.

[0039] In one possible implementation, the oscillator array comprises multiple rows of oscillator elements arranged along a second direction. All oscillator elements located in the same row and arranged along the second direction have the same excitation amplitude.

[0040] This allows the antenna to have a good low sidelobe effect in the first direction, while also having a high gain and narrow main lobe effect in the second direction.

[0041] In one possible implementation, the second feeder of the feeder structure has multiple second output ports, with each oscillator element coupled to one second output port. Within the same second feeder, the output power of each second output port is equal.

[0042] In this way, the power distribution of the second feeder makes it easy to achieve an equal amplitude distribution of all the vibrating elements in the same row along the second direction, so that the antenna can have a high gain and narrow main lobe effect in the second direction.

[0043] In one possible implementation, a second grounding structure is also included, which is located on the second surface. The second grounding structure, the shielding section, and the shielding cover form a stripline structure.

[0044] In this way, by forming a strip-shaped structure, the shielding section can be effectively electromagnetically shielded.

[0045] In one possible implementation, the projection of the second grounding structure overlaps the projection of the feeder structure along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate.

[0046] In this way, the second grounding structure can provide electromagnetic shielding for the entire feeder structure, which helps to reduce the impact of the feeder structure on the radiation of the vibrator array. Furthermore, the shielding provided by the second grounding structure can reduce interference with the signal transmission of the feeder structure.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the projection of the second grounding structure overlays the projection of the oscillator array along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate.

[0048] This allows the radiation from the oscillator array to have better directionality.

[0049] In one possible implementation, the dipole element has multiple input ports. The antenna includes multiple sets of feed structures corresponding to the input ports, and the feed structures are coupled to the corresponding input ports.

[0050] This facilitates the implementation of multi-port input for the oscillator element, enabling the antenna to have multi-polarization and multi-operating frequency band capabilities.

[0051] A second aspect of this application provides a communication device, which includes a radio frequency circuit and an antenna as described in any of the above embodiments, wherein the radio frequency circuit is coupled to the feed point of the antenna. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 3 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of an antenna provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of the antenna provided in the image;

[0056] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the shielding cover of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Another partial schematic diagram of the antenna provided in the image;

[0058] Figure 7 A simulation comparison diagram of the radiation efficiency of an antenna feed structure in the first direction, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0059] Figure 8 A simulation comparison diagram of the radiation intensity of the first feed line of an antenna in a first direction, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 9 The radiation pattern of an antenna feed structure in a first direction is provided as an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 10 An antenna radiation pattern in a first direction is provided as an embodiment of this application.

[0062] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0063] 10. Antenna; 20. Radio frequency circuit;

[0064] 100. Medium plate; 110. First side; 120. Second side;

[0065] 200, Oscillator array; 210, Oscillator element; 211, Input port; 211a, First input port; 211b, Second input port;

[0066] 300, Feeder structure; 300a, First feeder structure; 300b, Second feeder structure; 310, First feeder; 311, First end; 312, Second end; 313, First output port; 313a, First port; 313b, Second port; 313c, Third port; 313d, Fourth port; 314, Feed point; 315, Bent structure; 320, Second feeder; 321, Second output port;

[0067] 400. First grounding structure; 410. First grounding part; 420. Second grounding part;

[0068] 500, Shielding cover; 500a, First shielding cover; 500b, Second shielding cover; 510, Conductive plate; 520, First electrical connection structure; 530, Second electrical connection structure; 540, Dielectric structure;

[0069] 610, Oscillator slot; 620, Cable routing slot; 620a, First cable routing slot; 620b, Second cable routing slot;

[0070] 700, Second grounding structure;

[0071] x, first direction; y, second direction; z, third direction;

[0072] S1, main body section; S2, shielding section; S2a, first shielding section; S2b, second shielding section. Detailed Implementation

[0073] The terminology used in the implementation section of this application is only for explaining specific embodiments of this application and is not intended to limit this application. The implementation of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0074] This application provides a communication device that is suitable for using one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, Global Positioning System (GPS) communication technology, Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) communication technology, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) communication technology, Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) communication technology, etc.

[0075] The communication equipment can include, but is not limited to, network equipment, sensing equipment, and satellites. For example, network equipment can be base stations, switches, routers, etc. Sensing equipment can be radar, etc.

[0076] This application uses a communication device as an access point (AP) in a wireless network as an example for illustration. The wireless network can be a Wi-Fi network. The communication device can be used to interact with terminal devices to provide wireless access services for connected terminal devices. Terminal devices can include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, smart home appliances, etc.

[0077] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0078] like Figure 1 As shown, the communication device includes a radio frequency (RF) circuit 20 and an antenna 10. The RF circuit 20 is coupled to the antenna 10, which is used to transmit and receive radio waves. Specifically, the antenna 10 converts the high-frequency electrical signal generated by the RF circuit 20 into radio waves and radiates them into space to achieve radio wave transmission. The antenna 10 also captures radio waves in space and converts the captured radio waves into high-frequency electrical signals, which are then transmitted to the RF circuit 20 to achieve radio wave reception.

[0079] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. In the figure, the x-direction is a first direction, the y-direction is a second direction, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

[0080] like Figure 2 As shown, antenna 10 includes a dipole array 200 and a feed structure 300. The feed structure 300 has a feed point 314, which is coupled to an RF circuit 20. The RF circuit 20 feeds power to the feed point 314. The feed structure 300 is coupled to the dipole array 200 and feeds power to the dipole array 200. The dipole array 200 is used to convert between high-frequency electrical signals and radio waves, and the feed structure 300 is used to transmit high-frequency electrical signals between the RF circuit 20 and the dipole array 200.

[0081] For example, the feed point 314 can be directly coupled to the radio frequency circuit 20 or indirectly coupled.

[0082] For example, the feeder structure 300 and the oscillator array 200 can be directly coupled or indirectly coupled.

[0083] Direct coupling, also known as electrical connection, refers to two components being physically connected and electrically conductive. Indirect coupling, also known as capacitive coupling, refers to two components being electrically conductive without physical contact.

[0084] In high-density deployment scenarios, to reduce co-channel interference, it is often necessary to use antennas 10 with good low sidelobe performance, that is, antennas 10 need to have a low sidelobe level (SLL). For antennas 10 with low sidelobe levels, the excitation amplitude of the dipole array 200 often exhibits a tapered distribution. In this case, the radiation intensity of the dipole array 200 at the sidelobes is often weak. Since the feeder structure 300 itself radiates when transmitting high-frequency electrical signals, the sidelobe level of antenna 10 is easily affected by the radiation from the feeder structure 300.

[0085] To reduce the impact of radiation from the feed structure 300 on the sidelobe level of the antenna 10, thereby achieving a better low-sidelobe effect, a related technique involves arranging a dipole array on one side of the feed structure's thickness direction. By placing a grounding layer between the feed structure and the dipole array, and on the side of the feed structure furthest from the dipole array, a stripline structure is formed between the feed structure and the grounding layers on both sides. In other words, by placing a grounding layer on each side of the feed structure's thickness direction, a stripline structure is formed between the feed structure and the two grounding layers, and the dipole array is positioned on one side of the stripline structure in the thickness direction of the feed structure. This stripline structure effectively shields the overall radiation from the feed structure, thereby reducing the impact of the feed structure's radiation on the antenna's sidelobe level.

[0086] However, in related technologies, both grounding layers used to form the stripline structure cover the feed structure. Both grounding layers require large dimensions, resulting in a large number of large structural layers needed for the antenna, which often leads to higher costs for antennas with good low sidelobe performance. Furthermore, the grounding layer located between the dipole array and the feed structure increases the coupling difficulty between them, leading to a more complex antenna structure and increased cost. Additionally, a large dielectric layer is often used for isolation between the stacked feed structure and the grounding layer. This means that the feed structure and the dipole array often need to be coupled through this large dielectric layer, which causes performance degradation in the antenna.

[0087] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application. In the figure, the z-direction is a third direction, which is the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 100. Exemplarily, both the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to the third direction.

[0088] like Figure 3 As shown, based on this, in this embodiment of the application, the antenna 10 further includes a dielectric substrate 100 and a first grounding structure 400. The dielectric substrate 100 includes a first surface 110 and a second surface 120, which are located on opposite sides of the dielectric substrate 100 in the thickness direction. The first grounding structure 400 and the feed line structure 300 are both disposed on the first surface 110, that is, the first grounding structure 400 and the feed line structure 300 are disposed on the same layer. The vibrator array 200 is disposed on the side of the first surface 110 away from the second surface 120, that is, the vibrator array 200, the first grounding structure 400, and the feed line structure 300 are located on the same side of the dielectric substrate 100 in the thickness direction. The first grounding structure 400, the feed line structure 300, and the vibrator array 200 are supported by the dielectric substrate 100.

[0089] like Figure 2 As shown, the oscillator array 200 includes multiple rows of oscillator elements 210 arranged along a first direction. Along the first direction, from the oscillator element 210 located in the middle of the oscillator array 200 to the oscillator elements 210 located at both ends of the oscillator array 200, the excitation amplitude of the oscillator element 210 gradually decreases. That is, the multiple rows of oscillator elements 210 of the oscillator array 200 are tapered in amplitude distribution along the first direction, so that the oscillator array 200 has a lower sidelobe level in the first direction.

[0090] The feed line structure 300 includes a first feed line 310 extending at both ends along a first direction. That is, the two ends of the first feed line 310 extend along the tapered amplitude distribution direction of the multi-row oscillator units 210. The first feed line 310 is located on one side of the oscillator array 200 in a second direction. The first feed line 310 includes a main body section S1 and a shielding section S2. The two ends of the main body section S1 and the two ends of the shielding section S2 are spaced apart in the first direction. The two ends of the main body section S1 are connected to the shielding section S2. The main body section S1 has a feed point 314. That is, the feed point 314 of the feed line structure 300 is located in the main body section S1. The radio frequency circuit 20 feeds power to the feed line structure 300 through the main body section S1.

[0091] Antenna 10 also includes a shielding cover 500 corresponding to the shielding section S2. The shielding cover 500 is disposed on the corresponding shielding section S2 and is located on the side of the first feed line 310 away from the first surface 110. The shielding cover 500 is electrically connected to the first grounding structure 400. Along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 100, the projection of the shielding section S2 is covered by the projection of the shielding cover 500, and the projection of the main body section S1 is outside the projection of the shielding cover 500.

[0092] Since the radio frequency circuit 20 feeds the feeder structure 300 through the main body segment S1 of the first feeder 310, and the extension direction of both ends of the first feeder 310 is the same as the taper amplitude distribution direction of the multi-row oscillator unit 210, the radiation energy of the first feeder 310 in the feeder structure 300 is high and it is easy to affect the radiation of the oscillator array 200 in the first direction.

[0093] By setting shielding covers 500 at the shielding sections S2 at both ends of the main body section S1, local electromagnetic shielding of the first feed line 310 at the shielding sections S2 can reduce the overall radiation efficiency of the first feed line 310 in the first direction, which helps to reduce the impact of the radiation of the first feed line 310 on the radiation of the dipole array 200 in the first direction. In addition, the main body section S1 where the feed point 314 is located is not covered by the shielding covers 500. The shielding covers 500 set on both sides of the main body section S1 can provide electromagnetic shielding at the sidelobes of the first feed line 310 radiating along the first direction, so that the radiated electric field of the first feed line 310 is also tapered along the first direction. By reducing the overall radiation efficiency of the first feed line 310 in the first direction and making the radiated electric field of the first feed line 310 tapered along the first direction, the impact of the radiation of the first feed line 310 on the radiation of the dipole array 200 at the sidelobes in the first direction can be reduced, so that the antenna 10 can have a better low sidelobe effect in the first direction.

[0094] The shield 500 only needs to cover the shielding section S2; most of the feed structure 300 does not require shielding. This means that only the shield 500 needs to be placed at the shielding section S2 to provide partial electromagnetic shielding of the feed structure 300. This allows for a smaller shield 500, making the radiation at the sidelobes of the dipole array 200 in the first direction less susceptible to interference from the feed structure 300's radiation. Consequently, the antenna 10 exhibits good low-sidelobe performance in the first direction while reducing the number of large structural layers, thus lowering its cost. Furthermore, the dipole array 200 and feed structure 300 do not require a layer of grounding for isolation, facilitating coupling between them and simplifying the antenna 10's structure, further reducing its cost. In addition, since there is no need to stack a ground layer between the vibrator array 200 and the feed structure 300 for isolation, there is also no need to stack a large dielectric layer between the vibrator array 200 and the feed structure 300. The vibrator array 200 and the feed structure 300 do not need to couple through the dielectric layer, which helps to reduce the performance loss of the antenna 10 caused by setting a large dielectric layer between the vibrator array 200 and the feed structure 300.

[0095] For example, the shielding segment S2 connected to one end of the main body segment S1 is the first shielding segment S2a, and the shielding segment S2 connected to the other end of the main body segment S1 is the second shielding segment S2b. The shielding cover 500 disposed at the first shielding segment S2a is the first shielding cover 500a, and the shielding cover 500 disposed at the second shielding segment S2b is the second shielding cover 500b. Along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 100, the projection of the first shielding segment S2a is covered by the projection of the first shielding cover 500a, the projection of the second shielding segment S2b is covered by the projection of the second shielding cover 500b, and the projection of the main body segment S1 is located outside the projections of the first shielding cover 500a and the second shielding cover 500b. For example, in Figure 2 In the middle, the shielding section S2 connected to the upper end of the main body section S1 is the first shielding section S2a, and the shielding section S2 connected to the lower end of the main body section S1 is the second shielding section S2b.

[0096] For example, the shielding segment S2 is located at the side lobe positions at both ends of the first feed line 310, that is, the shielding cover 500 is disposed at the side lobe positions at the ends of the first feed line 310. For instance, the first shielding segment S2a is located at the side lobe position at the upper end of the first feed line 310, and the first shielding cover 500a is disposed at the side lobe position at the upper end of the first feed line 310. The second shielding segment S2b is located at the side lobe position at the lower end of the first feed line 310, and the second shielding cover 500b is disposed at the side lobe position at the lower end of the first feed line 310.

[0097] For example, the feeder structure 300 and the first grounding structure 400 are offset from each other on the first surface 110 and are spaced apart, and the vibrator array 200 and the first grounding structure 400 are spaced apart.

[0098] For example, the shield 500 is located on the side of the first grounding structure 400 away from the first surface 110, making it easier to electrically connect the shield 500 to the first grounding structure 400. In addition, it also helps to reduce the spacing between the first grounding structure 400 and the first feed line 310.

[0099] For example, the antenna 10 may include a first circuit board, which includes a dielectric substrate 100, a feed line structure 300, and a first ground structure 400. The dielectric substrate 100 is a dielectric layer of the first circuit board. The feed line structure 300 and the first ground structure 400 are located on the same conductive layer of the first circuit board. The conductive layer containing the feed line structure 300 and the first ground structure 400 is located on the surface of the first circuit board. The conductive layer may be a metal layer, such as a copper layer.

[0100] In some examples, the vibrator array 200 can be disposed on the first surface 110, that is, the vibrator element 210 can be disposed on the first surface 110, and the vibrator array 200 can be on the same layer as the first ground structure 400 and the feed structure 300. For example, the vibrator element 210 can be a patch vibrator. When the antenna 10 includes a first circuit board, the first circuit board also includes the vibrator array 200. The vibrator array 200, the feed structure 300 and the first ground structure 400 are located on the same conductive layer of the first circuit board, and the vibrator array 200, the feed structure 300 and the first ground structure 400 are located on the same side surface of the first circuit board.

[0101] When the oscillator array 200 is located on the first surface 110, the oscillator array 200 and the first grounding structure 400 are misaligned and spaced apart on the first surface 110.

[0102] In other examples, the vibrator array 200 can be spaced apart by a support structure on the side of the first surface 110 away from the second surface 120. That is, the vibrator elements 210 can be spaced apart by a support structure on the side of the first surface 110 away from the second surface 120. The vibrator array 200 can be coupled to the feed line structure 300 by the support structure. For example, when the antenna 10 includes a first circuit board, the first circuit board may not include the vibrator array 200. The vibrator array 200 can be provided on the surface of the first circuit board on the side where the feed line structure 300 and the first ground structure 400 are provided by the support structure. For example, the support structure may include multiple second circuit boards corresponding to the oscillator unit 210. The second circuit boards may be arranged perpendicular to the first circuit board. One end of the second circuit board is fixedly connected to the first circuit board and coupled to the feeder structure 300. The other end of the second circuit board is fixedly connected to the corresponding oscillator unit 210 and coupled to it, so that the oscillator unit 210 can be coupled to the feeder structure 300 through the corresponding second circuit board. The second circuit board supports the corresponding oscillator unit 210. The oscillator unit 210 is arranged at intervals on the side of the first surface 110 away from the second surface 120 through the corresponding second circuit boards.

[0103] When the oscillator array 200 is spaced apart by a support structure on the side of the first surface 110 away from the second surface 120, the support structure can be connected to the first surface 110, or it can be connected to the feeder structure 300 and the surface of the first grounding structure 400 away from the first surface 110.

[0104] like Figure 2 As shown, in some possible implementations, the first feed line 310 and the first ground structure 400 form a coplanar waveguide (CPW) structure.

[0105] In this way, the first grounding structure 400 can shield the radiation of the first feed line 310 on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 100, thereby reducing the impact of the radiation of the first feed line 310 on the radiation of the vibrator array 200. Furthermore, the shielding of the first feed line 310 by the first grounding structure 400 reduces interference with the signal transmission of the first feed line 310. Additionally, transmitting electrical signals through a coplanar waveguide structure also minimizes the transmission loss of the first feed line 310.

[0106] For example, the feeder structure 300 and the first grounding structure 400 form a coplanar waveguide structure. That is, a coplanar waveguide structure is formed between the feeder structure 300 and the first grounding structure 400 at each location. This allows the first grounding structure 400 to shield the radiation from the feeder structure 300 on a plane perpendicular to the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 100. The shielding effect of the feeder structure 300's radiation is good, which helps reduce the impact of the feeder structure 300's radiation on the vibrator array 200. Furthermore, the shielding of the feeder structure 300 by the first grounding structure 400 reduces interference with signal transmission at each location of the feeder structure 300. Additionally, transmitting electrical signals through the coplanar waveguide structure also minimizes transmission loss at each location of the feeder structure 300.

[0107] like Figure 2 As shown, in some possible embodiments, the first feed line 310 is an unequal power distribution line, and the first feed line 310 has multiple first output ports 313. Each row of oscillator units 210 is coupled to one first output port 313. The first output ports 313 of the first feed line 310 are arranged along the first direction and according to the arrangement order of their respective connected oscillator units 210. The feed point 314 has first output ports 313 on both sides in the first direction. From the first output port 313 adjacent to the feed point 314 to the first output port 313 away from the feed point 314, the output power of the first output port 313 gradually decreases.

[0108] In this way, the power distribution through the first feeder 310 facilitates the tapered amplitude distribution of the multiple rows of oscillator units 210 of the oscillator array 200 along the first direction, so that the oscillator array 200 has a lower sidelobe level in the first direction.

[0109] like Figure 2As shown, exemplarily, the multi-row oscillator unit 210 includes a first row of oscillator units, a second row of oscillator units, a third row of oscillator units, and a fourth row of oscillator units. The first, second, third, and fourth rows of oscillator units are each a row of oscillator units 210 in the oscillator array 200, and are arranged sequentially from top to bottom along a first direction. The multiple first output ports 313 include a first port 313a, a second port 313b, a third port 313c, and a fourth port 313d. The first port 313a, second port 313b, third port 313c, and fourth port 313d are each a first output port 313 of the first feeder 310, and are arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the first direction. The first row of oscillator units is coupled to the first port 313a, the second row of oscillator units is coupled to the second port 313b, the third row of oscillator units is coupled to the third port 313c, and the fourth row of oscillator units is coupled to the fourth port 313d. The feed point 314 is located between the second port 313b and the third port 313c. The first port 313a is located on the side of the second port 313b away from the feed point 314, and the fourth port 313d is located on the side of the third port 313c away from the feed point 314. The output power of the second port 313b is greater than the output power of the first port 313a, which makes the excitation amplitude of the second row of oscillator units greater than that of the first row of oscillator units. The output power of the third port 313c is greater than the output power of the fourth port 313d, which makes the excitation amplitude of the third row of oscillator units greater than that of the fourth row of oscillator units.

[0110] For example, the output power of each first output port 313 of the first feeder 310 can be distributed by distributing the impedance at each location of the first feeder 310.

[0111] For example, the power supply point 314 may be located at the middle position of the main body segment S1 in the first direction, and the first output ports 313 located on both sides of the power supply point 314 in the first direction may be symmetrically distributed relative to a plane passing through the power supply point 314 and perpendicular to the first direction.

[0112] For example, the feed point 314 may be located at the middle position of the first feed line 310.

[0113] In some possible implementations, the first output port 313 adjacent to the power supply point 314 is located in the main body segment S1, that is, along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 100, the projection of the first output port 313 adjacent to the power supply point 314 is located outside the projection of the shield 500.

[0114] In this way, the shield 500 covers less area on the first feed line 310, resulting in a smaller size of the shield 500 in the first direction. This helps reduce costs and minimizes the performance loss of the antenna 10 caused by the shield 500. In addition, it facilitates the coupling connection between the first output port 313 adjacent to the feed point 314 and the corresponding vibrator element 210.

[0115] For example, when the plurality of first output ports 313 include a first port 313a, a second port 313b, a third port 313c and a fourth port 313d, the second port 313b and the third port 313c are located in the main body segment S1.

[0116] In some possible implementations, the projection of the first output port 313 is located outside the projection of the shield 500 along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 100. This makes it easier to couple the first output port 313 to the corresponding oscillator unit 210.

[0117] In some examples where the multiple first output ports 313 include a first port 313a, a second port 313b, a third port 313c, and a fourth port 313d, the second port 313b and the third port 313c may be located in the main body segment S1, the first port 313a may be located on the side of the first shield 500a away from the second port 313b, and the fourth port 313d may be located on the side of the second shield 500b away from the third port 313c.

[0118] For example, the distance between the first shield 500a and the first port 313a is less than the distance between the first shield 500a and the second port 313b, and the distance between the second shield 500b and the fourth port 313d is less than the distance between the second shield 500b and the third port 313c.

[0119] In some examples where multiple first output ports 313 include first port 313a, second port 313b, third port 313c, and fourth port 313d, the electrical length from feed point 314 to second port 313b is equal to the electrical length from feed point 314 to third port 313c. The electrical length between first port 313a and second port 313b is n times λ. The electrical length between fourth port 313d and third port 313c is m times λ, where m and n are both integers greater than 0, λ is the operating wavelength of antenna 10, which can be the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of antenna 10, and the operating frequency of antenna 10 can be the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by antenna 10.

[0120] In this way, the electrical signals transmitted by the first feed line 310 can be in phase at the first port 313a, the second port 313b, the third port 313c, and the fourth port 313d, which is beneficial to achieving a higher gain for the antenna 10.

[0121] For example, the operating frequency of antenna 10 can be less than 10 GHz. For instance, the operating frequency of antenna 10 can be 5.95 GHz, 6.35 GHz, 6.75 GHz, 7.15 GHz, etc.

[0122] In some examples, m and n can be the same, that is, the electrical length between the first port 313a and the second port 313b can be the same as the electrical length between the third port 313c and the fourth port 313d, which makes the design of antenna 10 more convenient.

[0123] In other examples, m and n can be different.

[0124] For example, both m and n can be 1, that is, the electrical length between the first port 313a and the second port 313b is λ, and the electrical length between the fourth port 313d and the third port 313c is λ. In this case, the antenna 10 can have a high gain while the size of the antenna 10 can be small.

[0125] For example, the electrical lengths between the first port 313a and the second port 313b, the third port 313c and the fourth port 313d are the same, and the electrical lengths between the second port 313b and the third port 313c can all be the same. For instance, the electrical lengths between the first port 313a and the second port 313b, the third port 313c and the fourth port 313d are the same, and the electrical lengths between the second port 313b and the third port 313c can all be λ, which makes the antenna 10 design more convenient. In this case, the electrical length between the feed point 314 and the second port 313b is 1 / 2λ, and the electrical length between the feed point 314 and the third port 313c is 1 / 2λ.

[0126] For example, the feeder structure 300 also includes multiple second feeders 320, and each row of oscillator units 210 is coupled to the first output port 313 through a second feeder 320, making it easier to connect the first feeder 310 to the oscillator array 200.

[0127] For example, multiple second feeders 320 are arranged at intervals along the first direction.

[0128] For example, the first row of oscillator units is coupled to the first port 313a via a second feed line 320, the second row of oscillator units is coupled to the second port 313b via another second feed line 320, the third row of oscillator units is coupled to the third port 313c via yet another second feed line 320, and the fourth row of oscillator units is coupled to the fourth port 313d via yet another second feed line 320. The second feed lines 320 connecting the first port 313a and the first row of oscillator units, the second feed lines 320 connecting the second port 313b and the second row of oscillator units, the second feed lines 320 connecting the third port 313c and the third row of oscillator units, and the second feed lines 320 connecting the fourth port 313d and the fourth row of oscillator units are arranged sequentially from top to bottom along the first direction.

[0129] For example, each second feed line 320 connected to the same first feed line 310 may have the same shape and size.

[0130] In some possible implementations, the projection of the second feed line 320 is located outside the projection of the shield 500 along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 100.

[0131] In this way, while the connection between the first feed line 310 and the vibrator array 200 is relatively convenient, the shield 500 covers fewer parts of the feed line structure 300, allowing for a smaller size of the shield 500, which helps reduce costs and minimizes the performance loss of the antenna 10 caused by the shield 500. Furthermore, the fact that the second feed line 320 is not covered by the shield 500 also facilitates the coupling connection between the second feed line 320 and its corresponding vibrator element 210, as well as with the first feed line 310.

[0132] For example, the two ends of the second feed line 320 can be electrically connected to the first feed line 310 and the corresponding oscillator unit 210, respectively. That is, the feed line structure 300 can be electrically connected to the oscillator array 200.

[0133] In some possible implementations, the oscillator array 200 can be a linear array, that is, each row of oscillator elements 210 in the oscillator array 200 has only one oscillator element 210. All the oscillator elements 210 of the oscillator array 200 are arranged in a column along the first direction. For example, the oscillator array 200 may include four oscillator elements 210, which are arranged in a column along the first direction.

[0134] like Figure 2As shown, in some other possible embodiments, the oscillator array 200 can be a matrix array, comprising multiple rows of oscillator elements 210 arranged along a second direction. That is, each row of oscillator elements 210 in the oscillator array 200 comprises multiple oscillator elements 210. All oscillator elements 210 located in the same row and arranged along the second direction have the same excitation amplitude, that is, all oscillator elements 210 located in the same row are distributed with equal amplitude along the second direction.

[0135] This allows the antenna 10 to have a good low sidelobe effect in the first direction, while also having a high gain and narrow main lobe effect in the second direction.

[0136] For example, the oscillator array 200 can be a matrix array with 4 rows and 2 columns. That is, the oscillator array 200 includes 4 rows of oscillator units 210 arranged along a first direction, and each row of oscillator units 210 includes 2 oscillator units 210 arranged along a second direction. The excitation amplitude of the 2 oscillator units 210 located in the same row is equal.

[0137] In some possible implementations, the second feed line 320 is an equal-amplitude power divider line, and the second feed line 320 has multiple second output ports 321. Each oscillator unit 210 is coupled to one second output port 321. In the same second feed line 320, the output power of each second output port 321 is equal.

[0138] In this way, the power distribution through the second feed line 320 facilitates the equal amplitude distribution of all the vibrating elements 210 located in the same row along the second direction, so that the antenna 10 can have the effect of high gain and narrow main lobe in the second direction.

[0139] In some possible implementations, the vibrator element 210 has multiple input ports 211. The antenna 10 includes multiple sets of feed structures 300 corresponding to the input ports 211, and the feed structures 300 are coupled to the corresponding input ports 211.

[0140] This facilitates the implementation of multi-port input for the vibrator element 210, enabling the antenna 10 to have multi-polarization and multi-operating frequency band capabilities.

[0141] For example, the vibrator element 210 has a first input port 211a and a second input port 211b, which are two different input ports 211 of the vibrator element 210. The antenna 10 includes two sets of feed line structures 300, one set of feed line structures 300 being the first feed line structure 300a and the other set of feed line structures 300 being the second feed line structure 300b. The first feed line structure 300a is coupled to the first input port 211a, and the second feed line structure 300b is coupled to the second input port 211b.

[0142] In some other possible implementations, the vibrator element 210 may have only one input port 211, and the antenna 10 includes a set of feed structures 300, which are coupled to the input port 211 of the vibrator element 210.

[0143] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, in some possible embodiments, the first grounding structure 400 has a wiring groove 620 that runs through both sides of the first grounding structure 400 in the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 100, the feeder structure 300 is disposed in the wiring groove 620, and the first grounding structure 400 surrounds the outside of the feeder structure 300.

[0144] This facilitates the formation of a coplanar waveguide structure between the feeder structure 300 and the first grounding structure 400, allowing the first grounding structure 400 to provide better shielding for the feeder structure 300. Furthermore, the first grounding structure 400 surrounds the feeder structure 300, making it easier to connect the first grounding structure 400 to the shielding cover 500.

[0145] When the antenna 10 includes multiple sets of feed line structures 300, the first grounding structure 400 has multiple routing slots 620 corresponding to the feed line structures 300, and the feed line structures 300 are disposed in the corresponding routing slots 620. For example, when the antenna 10 includes a first feed line structure 300a and a second feed line structure 300b, the first grounding structure 400 has a first routing slot 620a corresponding to the first feed line structure 300a and a second routing slot 620b corresponding to the second feed line structure 300b, the first feed line structure 300a is disposed in the first routing slot 620a, and the second feed line structure 300b is disposed in the second routing slot 620b.

[0146] In some examples where the oscillator unit 210 is located on the first surface 110, the first grounding structure 400 also has a plurality of oscillator slots 610 corresponding one-to-one with the oscillator unit 210. The oscillator slots 610 penetrate the first grounding structure 400 on both sides of the dielectric substrate 100 in the thickness direction. The wiring groove 620 communicates with the oscillator slots 610. Two adjacent oscillator slots 610 are spaced apart. The oscillator unit 210 is located in the corresponding oscillator slot 610. The first grounding structure 400 surrounds the outside of the oscillator unit 210.

[0147] In this way, when the oscillator unit 210 is located on the first surface 110, the first grounding structure 400 can provide better electromagnetic isolation between the two adjacent oscillator units 210 and between the oscillator unit 210 and the feeder structure 300, which helps to reduce the mutual influence between the two adjacent oscillator units 210 and between the oscillator unit 210 and the feeder structure 300.

[0148] For example, the wiring groove 620 is connected to the oscillator groove 610 at a position near the input port 211 of the oscillator unit 210.

[0149] When the vibrator unit 210 has multiple input ports 211, the wiring slot 620 where the feed structure 300 is located is connected to the vibrator slot 610 near the corresponding input port 211 of the feed structure 300. For example, when the vibrator unit 210 has a first input port 211a and a second input port 211b, and the antenna 10 includes a first feed structure 300a and a second feed structure 300b, the first wiring slot 620a is connected to the vibrator slot 610 near the first input port 211a, and the second wiring slot 620b is connected to the vibrator slot 610 near the second input port 211b.

[0150] For example, except for the portion of the first surface 110 that is opposite to the wiring groove 620 and the portion that is opposite to the oscillator groove 610, the rest of the surface is covered by the first grounding structure 400.

[0151] like Figure 3 As shown, in some possible embodiments, the antenna 10 further includes a second grounding structure 700, which is disposed on the second surface 120. The second grounding structure 700, the shielding section S2, and the shielding cover 500 form a stripline structure. In this way, by forming a stripline structure, the shielding section S2 can be effectively electromagnetically shielded.

[0152] For example, when the antenna 10 includes a first circuit board, the first circuit board may include a second grounding structure 700. The second grounding structure 700 is located on a conductive layer of the first circuit board. The conductive layer where the second grounding structure 700 is located is a different conductive layer from the conductive layers where the feed line structure 300 and the first grounding structure 400 are located. The conductive layer where the second grounding structure 700 is located is located on both sides of the dielectric substrate 100, respectively, from the conductive layers where the feed line structure 300 and the first grounding structure 400 are located. For example, the first circuit board may be a double-layer circuit board, that is, the first circuit board may have two conductive layers. The first grounding structure 400 and the feed line structure 300 are located on one of the conductive layers, and the second grounding structure 700 is located on the other conductive layer. The conductive layer where the second grounding structure 700 is located may be located on the surface of the first circuit board, that is, the second grounding structure 700 may be located on the surface of the first circuit board.

[0153] In some possible implementations, the projection of the second grounding structure 700 overlaps the projection of the feeder structure 300 along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 100.

[0154] In this way, the second grounding structure 700 can provide electromagnetic shielding for the entire feeder structure 300, which helps to reduce the impact of the feeder structure 300 on the radiation of the vibrator array 200. In addition, the shielding provided by the second grounding structure 700 can reduce interference with the signal transmission of the feeder structure 300.

[0155] In some possible implementations, the projection of the second grounding structure 700 overlaps the projection of the oscillator array 200 along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 100.

[0156] This allows the radiation from the oscillator array 200 to have better directionality.

[0157] For example, the second grounding structure 700 may cover the second surface 120.

[0158] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of the antenna provided.

[0159] like Figure 4 As shown, in some possible implementations, on the same side of the feed point 314 along the first direction, the electrical length between the shielding section S2 and the end of the first feed line 310 is L1, where L1 is less than 0.1λ.

[0160] This facilitates shielding of the sidelobe positions at both ends of the first feed line 310, thereby reducing the radiation intensity at the sidelobe positions at both ends of the first feed line 310. It also makes it easier to use a smaller shielding cover 500 so that the radiation at the sidelobe positions of the oscillator array 200 in the first direction is less affected by the radiation from the feed line structure 300.

[0161] For example, the first feed line 310 includes a first end 311 and a second end 312, which are located at opposite ends of the first feed line 310 in a first direction. For instance, the first end 311 is the upper end of the first feed line 310, and the second end 312 is the lower end of the first feed line 310. The first end 311 and the first shielding section S2a are located on the same side of the feed point 314 in the first direction, and the second end 312 and the second shielding section S2b are also located on the same side of the feed point 314 in the first direction. The electrical length between the first shielding section S2a and the first end 311 is less than 0.1λ, and the electrical length between the second shielding section S2b and the second end 312 is less than 0.1λ.

[0162] For example, L1 on both sides of the feed point 314 can be the same or different. That is, the electrical length between the first shielding segment S2a and the first end 311 and the electrical length between the second shielding segment S2b and the second end 312 can be the same or different. The electrical length between the first shielding segment S2a and the first end 311 can be determined according to the position of the sidelobe adjacent to the first end 311 on the first feed line 310. The electrical length between the second shielding segment S2b and the second end 312 can be determined according to the position of the sidelobe adjacent to the second end 312 on the first feed line 310.

[0163] In some examples, the first feed line 310 has a bend structure 315, which allows the first feed line 310 to have a longer electrical length while keeping its size shorter in the first direction, thereby facilitating a reduction in the size of the antenna 10 in the first direction.

[0164] For example, a bending structure 315 is provided between the first port 313a and the second port 313b, so as to provide a longer electrical length between the first port 313a and the second port 313b while keeping the distance between the first port 313a and the second port 313b in the first direction smaller.

[0165] For example, a bending structure 315 is provided between the third port 313c and the fourth port 313d to provide a longer electrical length between the third port 313c and the fourth port 313d while keeping the distance between the third port 313c and the fourth port 313d smaller in the first direction.

[0166] In some possible implementations, the first grounding structure 400 includes a first grounding portion 410 and a second grounding portion 420, which are located on opposite sides of the first feeder 310 in the second direction, and the shield 500 is electrically connected to both the first grounding portion 410 and the second grounding portion 420.

[0167] In this way, by electrically connecting the shielding cover 500 to the first grounding part 410 and the second grounding part 420 located on both sides of the first feeder 310, the first grounding part 410, the second grounding part 420 and the shielding cover 500 can better wrap the shielding section S2, thereby providing better electromagnetic shielding for the shielding section S2.

[0168] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the shielding cover of an antenna provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0169] like Figure 5 As shown, in some possible embodiments, the shielding cover 500 includes conductive plates 510, which are spaced apart on the side of the first feed line 310 away from the first surface 110. The conductive plates 510 are electrically connected to the first grounding structure 400. In the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate 100, the distance between the conductive plates 510 and the first feed line 310 is L2, where L2 is less than or equal to 0.05λ. This allows the shielding cover 500 to provide good shielding for the shielded section S2.

[0170] In some possible implementations, the shield 500 includes a first electrical connection structure 520 and a second electrical connection structure 530, which are located at opposite ends of the shield 500 in a second direction. Both the first electrical connection structure 520 and the second electrical connection structure 530 are spaced apart from the feeder structure 300. The first electrical connection structure 520 is electrically connected to the first grounding portion 410, and the second electrical connection structure 530 is electrically connected to the second grounding portion 420, so as to facilitate the connection between the shield 500 and the first grounding portion 410 and the second grounding portion 420.

[0171] For example, one end of the first electrical connection structure 520 and one end of the second electrical connection structure 530 are fixed to and electrically connected to the conductive plate 510, the other end of the first electrical connection structure 520 is electrically connected to the first grounding portion 410, and the other end of the second electrical connection structure 530 is electrically connected to the second grounding portion 420, so that the conductive plate 510, which is spaced apart from the first feed line 310 and the first grounding structure 400, can be electrically connected to the first grounding portion 410 through the first electrical connection structure 520 and to the second grounding portion 420 through the second electrical connection structure 530.

[0172] In some examples, the shield 500 may include a third circuit board, which includes a conductive plate 510, a first electrical connection structure 520, and a second electrical connection structure 530. The conductive plate 510 may be a conductive layer of the third circuit board. The third circuit board also includes a dielectric structure 540, which is a dielectric layer of the third circuit board. The dielectric structure 540 is disposed on the side of the first feed line 310 and the first ground structure 400 away from the first surface 110. The conductive plate 510 is disposed on the side of the dielectric structure 540 away from the first surface 110. The first electrical connection structure 520 includes a first conductive via penetrating the dielectric structure 540 and a first pad located on the side of the dielectric structure 540 away from the conductive plate 510. The two ends of the first conductive via are fixed and electrically connected to the conductive plate 510 and the first pad, respectively. The first pad is fixed and electrically connected to the first ground portion 410. The second electrical connection structure 530 includes a second conductive via penetrating the dielectric structure 540 and a second pad located on the side of the dielectric structure 540 away from the conductive plate 510. The two ends of the second conductive via are fixed to and electrically connected to the conductive plate 510 and the second pad, respectively. The second pad is fixed to and electrically connected to the second grounding portion 420.

[0173] In some examples, the conductive plate 510 is a metal plate. The first electrical connection structure 520 includes a first metal post, one end of which is fixed to and electrically connected to the conductive plate 510, and the other end of which is fixed to and electrically connected to the first grounding portion 410. The second electrical connection structure 530 includes a second metal post, one end of which is fixed to and electrically connected to the conductive plate 510, and the other end of which is fixed to and electrically connected to the second grounding portion 420. There is no dielectric structure 540 between the conductive plate 510 and the first feed line 310 and the first grounding structure 400. The conductive plate 510 is supported by the first and second metal posts.

[0174] In some examples, the shield 500 can be a sheet metal structure.

[0175] like Figure 5 As shown, in some possible embodiments, the distance between the connection point of the shield 500 and the first grounding structure 400 and the first feed line 310 is L3, where L3 is less than or equal to 0.05λ. This allows for a smaller distance between the shield 500 and the first feed line 310, resulting in better shielding of the shielding section S2 by the shield 500.

[0176] For example, the distance between the connection point of the first electrical connection structure 520 and the first grounding portion 410 and the first feed line 310 is less than or equal to 0.05λ, and the distance between the connection point of the second electrical connection structure 530 and the second grounding portion 420 and the first feed line 310 is less than or equal to 0.05λ.

[0177] For example, L3 on both sides of the first feed line 310 in the second direction can be the same or different. That is, the spacing between the connection point of the first electrical connection structure 520 and the first grounding portion 410 and the first feed line 310 can be the same or different from the spacing between the connection point of the first electrical connection structure 520 and the first grounding portion 410 and the first feed line 310.

[0178] When the first electrical connection structure 520 includes a first conductive via and a first pad, and the second electrical connection structure 530 includes a second conductive via and a second pad, the spacing between the first pad and the first feed line 310 is less than or equal to 0.05λ, and the spacing between the second pad and the first feed line 310 is less than or equal to 0.05λ.

[0179] When the first electrical connection structure 520 includes a first metal post and the second electrical connection structure 530 includes a second metal post, the spacing between the first metal post and the first feed line 310 is less than or equal to 0.05λ, and the spacing between the second metal post and the first feed line 310 is less than or equal to 0.05λ.

[0180] For example, the distance between the connection point of the shield 500 and the first grounding structure 400 and the first feed line 310 is less than or equal to 0.02λ.

[0181] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Another partial schematic diagram of the antenna provided.

[0182] For example, the dimension of shielding segment S2 in the second direction is L4, and the dimension of shielding cover 500 in the second direction is L5. On the same side of the feed point 314 along the first direction, L5-L4≤0.1λ. That is, the difference between the dimension of the first shielding cover 500a in the second direction and the dimension of the first shielding segment S2a in the second direction is less than or equal to 0.1λ, and the difference between the dimension of the second shielding cover 500b in the second direction and the dimension of the second shielding segment S2b in the second direction is less than or equal to 0.1λ.

[0183] In some possible implementations, the shield 500 has a dimension of L6 in the first direction, where L6 is less than or equal to 1 / 6λ.

[0184] Thus, the smaller size of the shield 500 helps reduce the cost of the antenna 10. Furthermore, the smaller size of the shield 500 also minimizes performance loss in the antenna 10 caused by the shield 500. Additionally, the smaller size of the shield 500 in the first direction also allows the first output port 313 of the first feed line 310 to be exposed outside the shield 500, facilitating the coupling connection between the first feed line 310 and the vibrator array 200.

[0185] For example, L6 is greater than or equal to 0.01λ. In this way, the shield 500 can effectively shield the sidelobes of the first feed line 310, so that the radiation from the first feed line 310 has a smaller impact on the sidelobe level of the antenna 10 in the first direction.

[0186] Figure 7 A simulation comparison diagram of the radiation efficiency of an antenna feed structure provided in an embodiment of this application in the first direction. Figure 7 In the diagram, the horizontal axis represents frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents radiative efficiency; the solid line represents... Figure 2 The radiation efficiency curve of the feed structure 300 of antenna 10 in the first direction is shown by the dashed line. Figure 2 The radiation efficiency curve of the feed structure 300 in the first direction after removing the shielding cover 500 from the antenna 10 is shown. Figure 7 As shown, in Figure 7 Within the frequency range, Figure 2 The radiation efficiency of the feed structure 300 of antenna 10 in the first direction is lower than that of antenna 10. Figure 2 The radiation efficiency of the feed structure 300 in the first direction after removing the shield 500 from the antenna 10. In other words, by setting the shield 500 at the shielding sections S2 at both ends of the main body section S1, the radiation efficiency of the feed structure 300 in the first direction can be reduced, thereby reducing the impact of the radiation of the feed structure 300 on the radiation at the sidelobes of the vibrator array 200 in the first direction.

[0187] Figure 8 A simulation comparison diagram of the radiation intensity of the first feeder of an antenna in a first direction, provided for an embodiment of this application. Figure 8 In the diagram, the vertical axis represents radiation intensity, the horizontal axis represents the normalized length of the first feeder 310 along the first direction, the origin of the horizontal axis represents the position of the first end 311, the horizontal axis 1 represents the position of the second end 312, the operating frequency is 7.15 GHz, and the solid line represents... Figure 2 The radiation intensity curve of the first feed line 310 of the antenna 10 in the first direction, the dashed line is... Figure 2 The radiation intensity curve of the first feed line 310 in the first direction after removing the shielding cover 500 from the antenna 10. (See image below.) Figure 8 As shown, by setting shielding covers 500 at the shielding sections S2 at both ends of the main body section S1, the radiation intensity at the side lobes at both ends of the first feed line 310 in the first direction can be significantly reduced, thereby reducing the influence of the radiation of the first feed line 310 on the radiation of the oscillator array 200 at the side lobes in the first direction.

[0188] Figure 9 The radiation pattern of an antenna feed structure in a first direction is provided for an embodiment of this application. Figure 9 The four curves in the image represent respectively Figure 2The directional curves of the feed structure 300 of antenna 10 at operating frequencies of 5.95 GHz, 6.53 GHz, 6.75 GHz, and 5.95 GHz are shown. Figure 9 As shown, by setting shielding covers 500 at the shielding sections S2 at both ends of the main body section S1, the radiated electric field of the feeder structure 300 can also be tapered along the first direction, thereby reducing the influence of the radiation of the feeder structure 300 on the radiation of the oscillator array 200 at the sidelobe in the first direction.

[0189] Figure 10 An antenna radiation pattern in a first direction is provided as an embodiment of this application. Figure 10 In the middle, the solid line is Figure 2 The directional curve of antenna 10 in the first direction is shown by the dashed line. Figure 2 The directional curve of antenna 10 in the first direction after removing the shield 500. (Example) Figure 10 As shown, by setting a shield 500 on the shielding section S2 at both ends of the main body section S1, the sidelobe level of the antenna 10 in the first direction can be reduced, so that the antenna 10 has a better low sidelobe effect in the first direction.

[0190] The devices or elements referred to in the embodiments of this application or implied herein must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise precisely specified.

[0191] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented, for example, in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0192] The term "multiple" in this article refers to two or more. The term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this article generally indicates an "or" relationship between the preceding and following related objects; in formulas, the character " / " indicates a "division" relationship between the preceding and following related objects.

[0193] It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0194] It is understood that, in the embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned process numbers does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An antenna (10), characterized in that, It includes a dielectric substrate (100), a vibrator array (200), a feeder structure (300), a first grounding structure (400), and a shield (500); The dielectric substrate (100) includes a first surface (110) and a second surface (120), the first surface (110) and the second surface (120) are respectively located on both sides of the dielectric substrate (100) in the thickness direction, the first grounding structure (400) and the feed line structure (300) are both disposed on the first surface (110), the oscillator array (200) is disposed on the side of the first surface (110) away from the second surface (120), and the feed line structure (300) is coupled to the oscillator array (200); The oscillator array (200) includes multiple rows of oscillator units (210) arranged along a first direction; Along the first direction, from the oscillator unit (210) located in the middle of the oscillator array (200) to the oscillator units (210) located at both ends of the oscillator array (200), the excitation amplitude of the oscillator unit (210) gradually decreases; The feed structure (300) includes a first feed line (310) extending at both ends along the first direction, the first feed line (310) being located on one side of the oscillator array (200) in the second direction; The first feeder (310) includes a main body section (S1) and a shielding section (S2). Both ends of the main body section (S1) and both ends of the shielding section (S2) are spaced apart in the first direction. Both ends of the main body section (S1) are connected to the shielding section (S2). The main body section (S1) has a feed point (314). The antenna (10) further includes a shield (500) corresponding to the shield section (S2), the shield (500) is disposed on the corresponding shield section (S2), the shield (500) is located on the side of the first feed line (310) away from the first surface (110), and the shield (500) is electrically connected to the first grounding structure (400). Along the thickness direction of the dielectric plate (100), the projection of the shielding section (S2) is covered by the projection of the shielding cover (500), and the projection of the main body section (S1) is located outside the projection of the shielding cover (500). Wherein, the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

2. The antenna (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the same side of the feed point (314) along the first direction: the electrical length between the shielding section (S2) and the end of the first feed line (310) is less than 0.1λ, where λ is the operating wavelength of the antenna (10).

3. The antenna (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The size of the shield (500) in the first direction is less than or equal to 1 / 6λ.

4. The antenna (10) according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The size of the shield (500) in the first direction is greater than or equal to 0.01λ.

5. The antenna (10) according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The shield (500) includes a conductive plate (510), which is spaced apart on the side of the first feed line (310) away from the first surface (110), and the conductive plate (510) is electrically connected to the first grounding structure (400). In the thickness direction of the dielectric plate (100), the distance between the conductive plate (510) and the first feed line (310) is less than or equal to 0.05λ.

6. The antenna (10) according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The distance between the connection point of the shield (500) and the first grounding structure (400) and the first feeder (310) is less than or equal to 0.05λ.

7. The antenna (10) according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The first feed line (310) and the first grounding structure (400) form a coplanar waveguide structure; The first grounding structure (400) includes a first grounding part (410) and a second grounding part (420), the first grounding part (410) and the second grounding part (420) being located on both sides of the first feeder (310) in the second direction; The shield (500) includes a first electrical connection structure (520) and a second electrical connection structure (530). The first electrical connection structure (520) and the second electrical connection structure (530) are located at opposite ends of the shield (500) in the second direction. The first electrical connection structure (520) is electrically connected to the first grounding part (410), and the second electrical connection structure (530) is electrically connected to the second grounding part (420).

8. The antenna (10) according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The first grounding structure (400) has a wiring groove (620) and a plurality of oscillator grooves (610) corresponding one-to-one with the oscillator unit (210); The wiring groove (620) and the oscillator groove (610) both penetrate the first grounding structure (400) on both sides of the dielectric plate (100) in the thickness direction. The wiring groove (620) is connected to the oscillator groove (610). Two adjacent oscillator grooves (610) are spaced apart. The feeder structure (300) is located in the wiring groove (620). The oscillator unit (210) is located on the first surface (110) and in the corresponding oscillator groove (610). The first grounding structure (400) surrounds the outside of the oscillator unit (210) and the feeder structure (300).

9. The antenna (10) according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The first feed line (310) has multiple first output ports (313), and each row of the oscillator units (210) is coupled to one of the first output ports (313). The first output ports (313) of the first feed line (310) are arranged along the first direction and in the arrangement order of the oscillator units (210) to which they are respectively connected. The power supply point (314) has a first output port (313) on both sides in the first direction. The output power of the first output port (313) gradually decreases from the first output port (313) adjacent to the power supply point (314) to the first output port (313) away from the power supply point (314). The first output port (313) adjacent to the power supply point (314) is located in the main body section (S1).

10. The antenna (10) according to claim 9, characterized in that, Along the thickness direction of the dielectric substrate (100), the projection of the first output port (313) is located outside the projection of the shield (500).

11. The antenna (10) according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that, The plurality of first output ports (313) include a first port (313a), a second port (313b), a third port (313c), and a fourth port (313d); The power supply point (314) is located between the second port (313b) and the third port (313c), and the electrical length from the power supply point (314) to the second port (313b) is equal to the electrical length from the power supply point (314) to the third port (313c). The first port (313a) is located on the side of the second port (313b) away from the feed point (314), and the electrical length between the first port (313a) and the second port (313b) is n times λ; The fourth port (313d) is located on the side of the third port (313c) away from the feed point (314), and the electrical length between the fourth port (313d) and the third port (313c) is m times λ; Where m and n are both integers greater than 0.

12. The antenna (10) according to any one of claims 9-11, characterized in that, The feeder structure (300) also includes multiple second feeders (320), and each row of the oscillator units (210) is coupled to the first output port (313) through a second feeder (320); Along the thickness direction of the dielectric plate (100), the projection of the second feed line (320) is located outside the projection of the shield (500).

13. The antenna (10) according to any one of claims 1-12, characterized in that, The oscillator array (200) includes multiple rows of the oscillator elements (210) arranged along the second direction; All the oscillator units (210) located in the same row and arranged along the second direction have the same excitation amplitude.

14. The antenna (10) according to claim 13, characterized in that, The second feed (320) of the feed structure (300) has multiple second output ports (321); Each of the said oscillator units (210) is coupled to one of the second output ports (321); In the same second feed (320), the output power of each second output port (321) is equal.

15. The antenna (10) according to any one of claims 1-14, characterized in that, It also includes a second grounding structure (700), which is disposed on the second surface (120); The second grounding structure (700), the shielding section (S2), and the shielding cover (500) form a strip-shaped wire structure.

16. The antenna (10) according to claim 15, characterized in that, Along the thickness direction of the dielectric plate (100), the projection of the second grounding structure (700) covers the projection of the oscillator array (200) and the projection of the feeder structure (300).

17. The antenna (10) according to any one of claims 1-16, characterized in that, The oscillator unit (210) has multiple input ports (211); The antenna (10) includes multiple sets of feed structures (300) corresponding to the input port (211), and the feed structures (300) are coupled to the corresponding input ports (211).

18. A communication device, characterized in that, It includes a radio frequency circuit (20) and an antenna (10) as claimed in any one of claims 1-17, wherein the radio frequency circuit (20) is coupled to the feed point (314) of the antenna (10).

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