A positioning device and method for avoiding damage to the venous system from cranial drilling
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202611357924.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-09-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-03
AI Technical Summary
In intracranial surgery, current techniques cannot avoid damage to the venous system during skull drilling, especially bridging veins and venous sinuses on the dura mater, which increases patient suffering and affects treatment outcomes.
A positioning device consisting of a restraint strap and an adjustable buckle made of woven or plastic is used. Combined with cranial CT angiography images, the location and direction of the borehole are determined by zoning lines and three-dimensional reconstruction technology. The adjustable buckle and elastic structure are used to adapt to the patient's head and avoid the venous system.
This effectively avoids iatrogenic damage to the venous system, improves the safety and precision of the surgery, and reduces patient suffering and complications.
Smart Images
Figure CN123023906A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of skull positioning, specifically a positioning device and method for avoiding damage to the venous system by drilling into the skull. Background Technology
[0002] The incidence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases is gradually increasing, especially severe intracranial hemorrhage, which directly endangers the lives of patients.
[0003] All types of intracranial hemorrhage surgeries require drilling into the skull. The inner surface of the skull is adjacent to the dura mater, and the two are often tightly adhered, especially in middle-aged and elderly patients. The dura mater is often covered with bridging veins and venous sinuses, and there is a risk of damaging these venous systems during drilling. In addition, for patients undergoing minimally invasive craniectomy and drainage, the limited exposure area to the subdural and cortical regions may lead to accidental injury to cortical veins or bridging veins beneath the dura mater, severely affecting the patient's neurological function.
[0004] In summary, the present invention provides a positioning device and method for avoiding damage to the venous system by drilling into the skull, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a positioning device and method for avoiding skull drilling damage to the venous system, thus resolving issues such as the need for repeated punctures in the prior art, which increases patient suffering and affects patient treatment and rehabilitation.
[0006] A positioning device for preventing skull drilling damage to the venous system, the positioning device being made of woven fabric or plastic, includes a restraint strap. One end of the restraint strap is fitted with an adjustment buckle, and the other end of the restraint strap passes through the adjustment buckle. The adjustment buckle is a hollow structure with openings on both sides. One end of the restraint strap passes through the opening at one end of the adjustment buckle to the opening at the other end. Multiple locking grooves are formed on the surface of the restraint strap. An adjusting slide is movably disposed within the adjustment buckle. The adjusting slide includes a slide main plate, which is slidably disposed within the adjustment buckle. The slide main plate has a rotating rod groove and a spring groove, which are respectively located on opposite sides of the slide main plate. A locking ratchet is rotatably connected within the rotating rod groove, with one end of the locking ratchet located on one side of the restraint strap.
[0007] Furthermore, the locking groove is disposed on the side of the restraint strap near the adjusting slide and is disposed along the length direction of the restraint strap, and the end of the locking ratchet away from the elastic rotating rod is in contact with one of the locking grooves.
[0008] Furthermore, one end of the locking ratchet is rotatably connected to the inner walls of both sides of the inner groove of the rotating rod via an elastic rotating rod.
[0009] Furthermore, both ends of the locking ratchet are fixedly connected to elastic rotating rods, which are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the inner groove of the rotating rod. A restoring spring is wound around the surface of the elastic rotating rod, and both ends of the restoring spring are fixedly connected to the locking ratchet and the inner wall of the inner groove of the rotating rod. One of the elastic rotating rods moves through the sliding main board and is fixedly connected to a rotating block.
[0010] Furthermore, the locking ratchet is inclined, with the inclination direction facing the forward direction of the restraint strap within the adjusting buckle.
[0011] Furthermore, movable slots are provided on both sides of the adjusting buckle, and the movable slots are provided on both sides of the adjusting buckle near the opening of the adjusting buckle.
[0012] Furthermore, the sliding main board has sliding slots at both ends and is provided with push plate lugs, which are in contact with the outer wall of the adjusting buckle.
[0013] Furthermore, the spring groove is formed on the inner wall of the sliding main plate on the side away from the restraint strap, and a spring stop plate is installed on the inner wall of the adjusting buckle on the side away from the restraint strap. The spring stop plate and the spring groove are connected by multiple tension springs.
[0014] A method for positioning a device to avoid injury to the venous system through skull drilling includes the following steps:
[0015] Positioning preparation
[0016] Preoperative cranial CT angiography is routinely performed before cerebral hemorrhage to determine the cause of the hemorrhage. Cranial CT angiography includes CTA and CTV examinations. Before the examination, the patient's skin is prepared, the hair is shaved, and a restraint strap is placed on the patient's head with the lower edge of the restraint strap positioned above the upper edge of the eye socket. The skull is divided into several areas on the restraint strap using partition lines. The restraint strap is set horizontally according to the partition lines, with the upper end coinciding with the partition lines. The length of the restraint strap is then locked using an adjustment buckle to ensure that the restraint strap fits snugly against the patient's head, forming a positioning section.
[0017] Location process
[0018] Step 1, Pre-positioning preparation: Place the restraint strap on the patient's head, with the lower edge of the restraint strap positioned above the orbital margin, roughly aligned with the skull base plane. Perform cranial CTA and CTV examinations as required for preoperative preparation. Use the image post-processing software Advantage Window 4.6 to process the obtained data and reconstruct three-dimensional images of arteries and veins from cranial CT angiography.
[0019] Step 2, locate the drilling position: The zoning lines divide the skull into several zones. Using the relative position of the intracranial venous system and the zoning lines in the 3D image, the drilling position of the skull that can avoid the venous system is determined.
[0020] Step 3: Determine the drilling or puncture direction: Connect the lower edges of the restraint band to form a plane, which serves as the reference plane for the drilling or puncture direction. Simultaneously, reconstruct this plane in the image data post-processing software. Using this plane as a reference, the software can determine the drilling angle or puncture direction that avoids the intracranial venous system.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0022] 1. This invention avoids iatrogenic damage to the intracranial venous system, which is the main intracranial return pathway, and is extremely important. 2. This invention utilizes a restraint strap and post-processed images from cranial CT angiography for positioning; the method is simple and easy to implement. 3. This invention not only locates the drilling position but also the direction of cranial drilling or puncture, making cranial drilling or puncture safer and more reliable. 4. The adjustable buckle allows for contraction according to the patient's different head circumferences. Furthermore, the tension spring allows for automatic, small-range elastic adjustment based on the expansion of the patient's head skin, reducing the force of the positioning device on the patient's head without affecting its ability to tighten.
[0023] 2. This invention uses simulation software to cut the scanned skull, and uses a simulated drilling method from the inside out to determine the drilling points that penetrate the outside. The surgical cutting is performed according to the safe angle and points of the simulated cutting, which ensures that the patient's skull can be drilled accurately, reducing the patient's pain and increasing the accuracy of the surgery.
[0024] The above description of the invention is merely an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this application and to implement it based on the description and drawings, and to make the above-mentioned objectives and other objectives, features and advantages of this application easier to understand, the following description is provided in conjunction with the specific embodiments and drawings of this application. Attached Figure Description
[0025] The accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the principles, implementation methods, applications, features, and effects of specific embodiments of this application and other related content, and should not be considered as limitations on this application.
[0026] In the accompanying drawings of the instruction manual:
[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the skull drilling structure in the background art;
[0028] Figure 2 This is a top view of the skullcap in the background art;
[0029] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the positioning device of the present invention;
[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the adjusting buckle of the present invention;
[0031] Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle
[0032] Figure 6 This is an internal split view of the adjusting buckle of the present invention;
[0033] Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the adjusting slider of the present invention.
[0034] The reference numerals used in the above figures are explained as follows:
[0035] 1. Restraint strap; 2. Adjustment buckle; 3. Moving slot; 4. Adjusting slide; 401. Slide main board; 402. Spring groove; 403. Push plate lug; 404. Rotary rod inner groove; 5. Locking ratchet; 6. Elastic rotating rod; 7. Tension spring; 8. Spring stop plate; 9. Rotary block; 10. Locking groove. Detailed Implementation
[0036] To illustrate the possible application scenarios, technical principles, implementable specific solutions, and achievable objectives and effects of this application in detail, the following description, in conjunction with the listed specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, provides a detailed explanation. The embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are therefore intended to limit the scope of protection of this application.
[0037] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The term "embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it specifically limit its independence or connection with other embodiments. In principle, in this application, as long as there are no technical contradictions or conflicts, the technical features mentioned in each embodiment can be combined in any way to form corresponding implementable technical solutions.
[0038] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the use of related terms herein is merely for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit this application.
[0039] In the description of this application, the term "and / or" is used to describe the logical relationship between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A exists, B exists, and A and B exist simultaneously. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following objects have an "or" logical relationship.
[0040] In this application, terms such as “first” and “second” are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual quantity, hierarchy or order relationship between these entities or operations.
[0041] Without further limitations, the use of terms such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” or other similar open-ended expressions in this application is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, which does not exclude the presence of additional elements in a process, method, or product that includes the stated elements, such that a process, method, or product that includes a list of elements may include not only those defined elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, or product.
[0042] As understood in the Examination Guidelines, in this application, expressions such as "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number; expressions such as "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments in this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two), and similar expressions related to "multiple" are also understood in this way, such as "multiple groups" and "multiple times," unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0043] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the space-related expressions used, such as "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "vertical," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the specific embodiments or drawings. They are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments of this application or for the reader's understanding, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific position, a specific orientation, or be constructed or operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.
[0044] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," "fixing," and "setting," as used in the description of the embodiments of this application, should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral arrangement; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a relationship of two components combined together, an interaction relationship between two components, or a connection within two structures. Those skilled in the art to which this application pertains can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.
[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cortical veins or sinuses on the surface of the cerebral cortex are closely adjacent to the skull. They are easily damaged during craniocerebral surgery, such as drilling the skull or puncturing the brain (from the outside in). Therefore, the area of cortical veins or sinuses should be avoided as much as possible when drilling the skull or puncturing the brain to avoid serious iatrogenic brain injury, such as cerebral hemorrhage and venous circulation disorders.
[0046] like Figure 1-7 As shown, this invention provides a positioning device to avoid damage to the venous system from drilling into the skull. The positioning device is made of woven fabric or plastic and includes a restraint strap 1. The restraint strap 1 is made of woven fabric or plastic and cannot be metal to avoid metal artifacts during CT scans. One end of the restraint strap 1 is equipped with an adjustment buckle 2, and the other end of the restraint strap 1 passes through the adjustment buckle 2. The adjustment buckle 2 is a hollow structure with openings on both sides. One end of the restraint strap 1 passes through the opening at one end of the adjustment buckle 2 to the opening at the other end. The surface of the restraint strap 1 has multiple locking grooves 10. An adjustment slide 4 is movably disposed inside the adjustment buckle 2. The adjustment slide 4 includes a slide main plate 401, which is slidably disposed inside the adjustment buckle 2. The slide main plate 401 has a rotating rod inner groove 404 and a spring groove 402. The rotating rod inner groove 404 and the spring groove 402 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the two sides of the slide main plate 401. A locking ratchet 5 is rotatably connected inside the rotating rod inner groove 404, and one end of the locking ratchet 5 is disposed on one side of the restraint strap 1.
[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, the locking groove 10 is provided on the side of the restraint belt 1 near the adjusting slide 4 and is arranged along the length direction of the restraint belt 1. The end of the locking ratchet 5 away from the elastic rotating rod 6 is in contact with one of the locking grooves 10.
[0048] In one embodiment of the present invention, one end of the locking ratchet 5 is rotatably connected to the inner walls of both sides of the inner groove 404 of the rotating rod via an elastic rotating rod 6.
[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, both ends of the locking ratchet 5 are fixedly connected to elastic rotating rods 6. The elastic rotating rods 6 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the inner groove 404 of the rotating rod. A restoring spring is wound around the surface of the elastic rotating rod 6. Both ends of the restoring spring are fixedly connected to the locking ratchet 5 and the inner wall of the inner groove 404 of the rotating rod. One of the elastic rotating rods 6 moves through the sliding main plate 401 and is fixedly connected to a rotating block 9.
[0050] In one embodiment of the present invention, the locking ratchet 5 is inclined, with the inclined direction facing the forward direction of the restraint strap 1 within the adjusting buckle 2.
[0051] As one embodiment of the present invention, movable slots 3 are provided on both sides of the adjusting buckle 2, and the movable slots 3 are provided on both sides of the adjusting buckle 2 near the opening.
[0052] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sliding main board 401 has two ends that pass through the movable slot 3 and is provided with push plate ear blocks 403, which are in contact with the outer wall of the adjusting buckle 2.
[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, the spring groove 402 is formed on the inner wall of the sliding main plate 401 away from the restraint strap 1, and a spring stop plate 8 is installed on the inner wall of the adjusting buckle 2 away from the restraint strap 1. The spring stop plate 8 and the spring groove 402 are connected by a plurality of tension springs 7.
[0054] A method for positioning a device to avoid injury to the venous system through skull drilling includes the following steps:
[0055] Positioning preparation
[0056] Before surgery for cerebral hemorrhage, it is routine to perform cranial CT angiography to determine the cause of cerebral hemorrhage. Cranial CT angiography includes CTA and CTV examinations. Before the examination, the patient's skin is prepared, the patient's hair is shaved, and a restraint belt (1) is placed on the patient's head. The lower edge of the restraint belt 1 is placed on the upper edge of the eye socket. The head is divided into several areas on the restraint belt 1 using partition lines. It is best to mark the partition lines on the restraint belt 1. The partition lines should be markers that can be visualized on CT scans, rather than simply drawn lines. The restraint belt 1 is set horizontally according to the partition lines, with the upper end coinciding with the partition lines. The length of the restraint belt 1 is then locked using the adjustment buckle 2 so that the restraint belt 1 is tightly attached to the patient's head to form a positioning section.
[0057] Location process
[0058] Step 1, Pre-positioning preparation: Place a restraint strap on the patient's head, with the lower edge of the restraint strap positioned above the eye socket, roughly aligned with the skull base plane. Perform cranial CTA and CTV examinations as required for preoperative preparation. Use the image post-processing software Advantage Window 4.6 to process the obtained data and reconstruct three-dimensional images of arteries and veins from cranial CT angiography.
[0059] Step 2, locate the drilling position: The zoning lines divide the skull into several zones. Using the relative position of the intracranial venous system and the zoning lines in the 3D image, the drilling position of the skull that can avoid the venous system is determined.
[0060] Step 3: Determine the drilling or puncture direction: Connect the lower edges of the restraint band to form a plane, which serves as the reference plane for the drilling or puncture direction. Simultaneously, reconstruct this plane in the image data post-processing software. Using this plane as a reference, the software can determine the drilling angle or puncture direction that avoids the intracranial venous system.
[0061] Cranial CTA and CTV are actually the same examination, namely cranial CT angiography. They are just images captured at different times during the angiography scan, and are not two separate examinations.
[0062] Specific working principle:
[0063] The adjusting buckle 2 retracts the restraint strap 1, and then the locking groove 10 slides on the locking ratchet 5. After the restraint strap 1 wraps around the partition line, the adjusting slide 4 can elastically retract within the adjusting buckle 2 using the tension spring 7, thereby adapting to the patient's scalp.
[0064] Rotate one end of the rotating block 9 to move the locking ratchet 5 away from the locking groove 10, and the restraint belt 1 can move in the opposite direction, which can loosen the restraint belt 1 and move it away from the patient's head.
[0065] It should be noted that although the above embodiments have been described herein, this does not limit the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Therefore, any changes and modifications made to the embodiments described herein based on the innovative concept of the present invention, or equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of the present invention's specification and drawings, directly or indirectly applying the above technical solutions to other related technical fields, are all included within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A positioning device for avoiding damage to the venous system from drilling into the skull, characterized in that: The positioning device is made of woven fabric or plastic and includes a restraint strap (1). The restraint strap (1) is made of woven fabric or plastic. One end of the restraint strap (1) is equipped with an adjustment buckle (2), and the other end of the restraint strap (1) passes through the adjustment buckle (2). The adjustment buckle (2) is a hollow structure with openings on both sides. One end of the restraint strap (1) passes through the opening at one end of the adjustment buckle (2) to the opening at the other end. The surface of the restraint strap (1) has multiple locking grooves (10). The adjustment buckle (2) is movable. An adjusting slide (4) is provided, the adjusting slide (4) includes a slide main board (401), the slide main board (401) is slidably disposed in the adjusting buckle (2), the slide main board (401) is provided with a rotating rod inner groove (404) and a spring groove (402), the rotating rod inner groove (404) and the spring groove (402) are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the two sides of the slide main board (401), a locking ratchet (5) is rotatably connected in the rotating rod inner groove (404), one end of the locking ratchet (5) is disposed on one side of the restraint belt (1).
2. The positioning device for avoiding skull drilling damage to the venous system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The locking groove (10) is set on the side of the restraint belt (1) near the adjusting slide (4) and is set along the length direction of the restraint belt (1). The end of the locking ratchet (5) away from the elastic rotating rod (6) is in contact with one of the locking grooves (10).
3. The positioning device for avoiding skull drilling damage to the venous system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the locking ratchet (5) is rotatably connected to the inner walls of the inner groove (404) on both sides of the elastic rotating rod (6).
4. The positioning device for avoiding skull drilling damage to the venous system as described in claim 3, characterized in that: Both ends of the locking ratchet (5) are fixedly connected to elastic rotating rods (6). The elastic rotating rods (6) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the inner groove (404) of the rotating rod. A restoring spring is wound around the surface of the elastic rotating rods (6). Both ends of the restoring springs are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the locking ratchet (5) and the inner groove (404) of the rotating rod. One of the elastic rotating rods (6) moves through the sliding main board (401) and is fixedly connected to a rotating block (9).
5. The positioning device for avoiding skull drilling damage to the venous system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The locking ratchet (5) is inclined, with the inclination direction facing the forward direction of the restraint belt (1) within the adjusting buckle (2).
6. The positioning device for avoiding skull drilling damage to the venous system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting buckle (2) has movable slots (3) on both sides of its side walls. The movable slots (3) are located on both sides of the side walls near the opening of the adjusting buckle (2).
7. The positioning device for avoiding skull drilling damage to the venous system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding main board (401) has two ends that pass through the moving slot (3) and is provided with push plate ear blocks (403), which are in contact with the outer wall of the adjusting buckle (2).
8. The positioning device for avoiding skull drilling damage to the venous system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The spring groove (402) is formed on the inner wall of the sliding main plate (401) away from the restraint strap (1). A spring stop plate (8) is installed on the inner wall of the adjusting buckle (2) away from the restraint strap (1). The spring stop plate (8) and the spring groove (402) are connected by multiple tension springs (7).
9. A positioning method for a positioning device used in claims 1-8 to avoid skull drilling injury to the venous system, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Positioning preparation Before surgery for cerebral hemorrhage, a routine cranial CT angiography examination is required to determine the cause of cerebral hemorrhage. The cranial CT angiography examination includes CTA examination and CTV examination. Before the examination, the skin is prepared, the patient's hair is shaved, and a restraint belt (1) is placed on the patient's head. The lower edge of the restraint belt (1) is placed on the upper edge of the eye socket. The head is divided into several areas by partition lines on the restraint belt (1). The restraint belt (1) is set horizontally according to the partition lines, and the upper end is aligned with the partition lines. The length of the restraint belt (1) is then locked by the adjustment buckle (2) so that the restraint belt (1) is tightly attached to the patient's head to form a positioning section. Location process Step 1, Pre-positioning preparation: Place the restraint strap (1) on the patient's head, with the lower edge of the restraint strap placed on the upper edge of the eye socket, roughly in line with the plane of the skull base. Perform cranial CT angiography examination as required for preoperative preparation, and use the image post-processing software Advantage Window 4.6 to process the data obtained from the examination and reconstruct the three-dimensional images of arteries and veins in cranial CT angiography. Step 2, locate the drilling position: The zoning lines divide the skull into several zones. Using the relative position of the intracranial venous system and the zoning lines in the 3D image, determine the skull drilling position that can avoid the venous system. Step 3: Determine the drilling or puncture direction: Connect the lower edges of the restraint band to form a plane, which serves as the reference plane for the drilling or puncture direction. At the same time, reconstruct this plane on the image data post-processing software. Using this plane as a reference, the drilling angle or puncture direction that can avoid the intracranial venous system can be determined on the software.