Green traditional chinese medicine intelligent extraction equipment and method with multi-field coupling reinforced mass transfer

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-field coupling reinforced mass transfer green traditional Chinese medicine intelligent extraction equipment and method, belong to traditional Chinese medicine extraction equipment technical field, it includes: extraction tank;Reflux device, set in the outside one side of the extraction tank, the lower side wall of the extraction tank is connected with liquid outlet pipe, another end of the liquid outlet pipe is connected with the reflux device communication;Concentration unit, one end is connected with drain pipe, another end of the drain pipe is connected on the bottom side wall of extraction tank;Rotatable lifting is arranged in the extraction tank with cantilever type extraction unit, the cantilever type extraction unit includes extraction basket, the extraction basket is correspondingly arranged as filter-pressing bin and flow guide bin in upper and lower;The application can shorten extraction time 30%-50%, steam consumption reduces more than 40%.The application of the technology has significant social benefits for reducing carbon emissions of pharmaceutical industry and promoting the development of green pharmacy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine extraction equipment, specifically a green intelligent extraction equipment and method for traditional Chinese medicine with enhanced mass transfer through multi-field coupling. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, my country's traditional Chinese medicine extraction industry still heavily relies on traditional "multi-functional extraction tanks." These devices are essentially static, intermittent production equipment, suffering from severe "three highs and one low" problems (high energy consumption, high emissions, high batch-to-batch variation, and low extraction rate). Statistics show that steam energy consumption in traditional extraction processes accounts for over 60% of the total energy consumption in traditional Chinese medicine preparation production. Furthermore, due to the lack of real-time process monitoring and reliance on manual experience, batch-to-batch quality fluctuations are significant (RSD > 10%).

[0003] While some existing technologies have introduced simple stirring or circulating pumps, they have failed to address the integrated coordination issue of "macroscopic fluid circulation - microscopic cell disruption - digital process control." Furthermore, traditional equipment suffers from low thermal energy utilization and lacks waste heat recovery mechanisms.

[0004] Therefore, developing a high-end Chinese medicine extraction equipment is of great significance for breaking through the high energy consumption bottleneck of traditional Chinese medicine production and realizing the green intelligent manufacturing transformation and upgrading of the Chinese medicine industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a green intelligent extraction equipment for traditional Chinese medicine with enhanced mass transfer through multi-field coupling, comprising: an extraction tank; a reflux device disposed on the outer side of the extraction tank, wherein a liquid outlet pipe is connected to the lower side wall of the extraction tank, and the other end of the liquid outlet pipe is connected to the reflux device; a concentration unit, one end of which is connected to a drain pipe, and the other end of the drain pipe is connected to the bottom side wall of the extraction tank; a cantilever extraction unit is rotatably and vertically disposed inside the extraction tank, the cantilever extraction unit comprising an extraction basket, wherein a filter press chamber and a flow guide chamber are correspondingly disposed above and below the extraction basket; and an internal stirring blade rotating in the opposite direction to the cantilever extraction unit is rotatably disposed inside the flow guide chamber.

[0006] Preferably, the extraction tank is configured as a straight cylindrical conical bottom structure, and the cylindrical body and conical bottom of the extraction tank are covered by a jacket. The jacket and the extraction tank are sealed to form an annular heat-insulating cavity. A hot water valve pipe is vertically connected to the outer wall of the jacket. An inlet valve is connected to the outside of the extraction tank, and a high-pressure resistant fiber optic probe is embedded inside the extraction tank.

[0007] Preferably, the reflux device includes: a circulation pump, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet pipe; a filter, which is connected in series on the outlet pipe; a tubular heat exchanger, which is disposed on the outer side of the extraction tank, and the outlet of the circulation pump is connected to the tubular heat exchanger through a pipe; a delivery pipe, which is vertically inserted and fixed on the upper side wall of the extraction tank, and the tubular heat exchanger is connected to the delivery pipe; and a sprayer, which is installed at the end of the delivery pipe that extends into the extraction tank.

[0008] Preferably, a condenser is provided on one side of the upper part of the extraction tank, an outer tube is connected to one side of the tubular heat exchanger, and the other end of the outer tube is connected to the condenser; a cooler is sealed to one side of the condenser, and an oil-water separator is sealed to the upper liquid outlet of the cooler; the delivery pipe is located at one end of the extraction tank and connected to the separation port of the oil-water separator.

[0009] Preferably, the cantilever extraction unit further includes: a rotating shaft, one end of which is vertically rotatably connected to the extraction tank, the rotating shaft being coaxially fixed with the extraction basket; an upper sealing seat, the center of which is sealed and assembled on the upper end face of the extraction tank, a sealing head being rotatably installed in the upper sealing seat, and the other end of the rotating shaft slidingly passing through the sealing head; an outer stirring blade, which is fixed in the middle of the rotating shaft and located above the extraction basket; a frame, which is vertically fixed to one side of the upper end face of the extraction tank, and a lifting bracket is vertically slidably connected in the frame; and a housing, which is horizontally fixed above the lifting bracket, a rotating sleeve being vertically fixed below one end of the housing, and the upper end of the rotating shaft being rotatably connected to the rotating sleeve.

[0010] Preferably, a driven wheel is rotatably connected coaxially above the rotating sleeve inside the housing. The rotating shaft is fixed coaxially with the driven wheel. A driving wheel is rotatably connected to the other end of the housing. The driving wheel is driven to rotate by a drive motor fixed below the housing. A belt is provided between the driving wheel and the driven wheel. A threaded screw is vertically fixed to the lower end face of the housing on one side of the lifting bracket. A threaded sleeve is rotatably mounted on the frame. The threaded screw and the threaded sleeve are threadedly slidably connected. A drive shaft is rotatably connected horizontally to the frame. A transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the frame and is perpendicular to the drive shaft. The two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively connected to the drive shaft and the threaded sleeve through bevel gears.

[0011] Preferably, the extraction basket includes an upper and lower assembled basket and an end cap. The end cap is detachably fixed to the upper end of the basket. Two parallel filter plates are distributed vertically within the filter chamber. The upper filter plate is fixed to the end cap, and the lower filter plate is slidably assembled with the basket. A connecting shaft is vertically connected inside the basket, and the lower end of the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the lower filter plate. The upper end of the connecting shaft is connected through a rotating shaft. A central shaft is vertically fixed in the middle of the inner stirring blades, and the connecting shaft is slidably connected to the central shaft so that when the connecting shaft slides axially, it drives the lower filter plate to rise and fall synchronously, and when the connecting shaft rotates, it drives the central shaft to rotate. The medicinal material is loaded between the two filter plates, and multiple vertically arranged compression chambers are also circumferentially distributed between the two filter plates.

[0012] Preferably, a mounting base is fixed to the upper end face of the housing, the upper end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the mounting base, a driving tooth is coaxially fixed to the end of the rotating shaft, two side transmission teeth are symmetrically rotatably connected inside the mounting base, each of the side transmission teeth meshes with the driving tooth, a driven tooth is rotatably connected to the upper interior of the mounting base, the driven tooth meshes with the two side transmission teeth; the upper end of the connecting shaft is slidably connected to the driven tooth.

[0013] Preferably, a pneumatic cylinder is vertically fixed above the mounting base, and a piston is slidably connected inside the pneumatic cylinder, with the lower end of the piston being rotatably connected to the connecting shaft.

[0014] A green intelligent extraction method for traditional Chinese medicine with enhanced mass transfer through multi-field coupling includes the following steps: S1. Open the manhole on the top of the extraction tank, load the medicinal materials into the stirring extraction basket, and lower the extraction basket to the bottom of the tank near the cone bottom using PLC control; then close the manhole and add drinking water into the extraction tank through the liquid inlet valve to make the liquid-solid ratio 8:1.

[0015] S2. Start-up and heating: Turn on the circulation pump to start the external circulation of the liquid in the extraction tank; at the same time, open the hot water valve pipe on the jacket and the hot water valve of the tubular heat exchanger to heat the tank and the circulating liquid, and set the extraction temperature to 85℃; the PLC controls the heating system to make the material heat up to 85℃ evenly within 20-30 minutes.

[0016] S3. Start Dynamic Extraction: When the temperature reaches 80℃, start the drive device of the stirring extraction basket; the program is set as follows: Lifting motion: 1 meter stroke, lifting speed 0.5 m / min, that is, 0.5 lifting cycles are completed per minute; Rotation motion: while lifting, it rotates at a constant speed of 10 rpm; Guided flow motion: during the rotation, the inner stirring blades rotate in the opposite direction to the extraction basket to introduce the liquid outside the extraction basket into the extraction basket, so that the liquid flows through the pressure filter chamber and enters the guide chamber below, and then exits from the inner hole at the bottom of the guide chamber; Pressure filter motion: during the lifting, the filter plate in the extraction basket axially squeezes the medicinal material, and at the same time, each pressure bladder can expand radially, thereby realizing radial squeezing of the medicinal material, and the filtrate is fully dissolved into the liquid in the tank;

[0017] S4. Countercurrent circulation control: The circulation pump works continuously to extract the extract with higher temperature and higher concentration at the bottom of the tank. The extract is filtered to remove fine medicinal residues and then enters the tubular heat exchanger to replenish heat in order to maintain a constant temperature. Finally, it is evenly sprayed onto the upper layer of medicinal materials and liquid surface in the tank through the top sprayer.

[0018] S5. Extraction process maintenance: Maintain the temperature at 85±2℃, and continuously perform dynamic stirring and countercurrent circulation; the total extraction time is set to 1.5 hours;

[0019] S6. Discharge: After 1.5 hours, the PLC control program stops the drive motor and circulation pump; after standing for 5 minutes, open the discharge valve at the bottom of the extraction tank to discharge all the extract to the concentration unit; slag discharge: open the slag discharge door at the bottom of the tank, and then lift the extraction basket to a high position, so that the slag in the extraction basket is more easily discharged under gravity; then clean the tank to prepare for the next batch.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention features a reflux device outside the extraction tank, enabling external circulation. A circulation pump draws out the relatively concentrated extract from the bottom of the tank, filters it, and then heats or cools it through a heat exchanger before returning it from the top of the tank to the upper layer of medicinal materials inside. This process creates a top-to-bottom flow of solvent within the tank, resulting in more thorough contact with the medicinal materials. Furthermore, the extraction tank is equipped with a cantilevered extraction unit. The lifting, rotating, and pressure-filtering movements of the extraction basket agitate the solvent within the tank, penetrating the medicinal material layer and creating strong eddies and shearing, thus improving extraction efficiency. The main internal stirring blades can introduce liquid from outside the extraction basket into the pressure-filtering chamber through a counter-current motion, ensuring full flow and contact with the medicinal materials. Additionally, the integrated external circulation heat exchanger and waste heat recovery pipeline outside the extraction tank allow the waste heat from the high-temperature condensate generated during extraction to preheat new solvent, significantly improving heat recovery efficiency and drastically reducing product energy consumption.

[0021] This invention integrates multi-physics field enhanced mass transfer, deep waste heat recovery, near-infrared online monitoring, and intelligent feedback control to achieve intelligent extraction of traditional Chinese medicine. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the extraction tank in this invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cantilever extraction unit in this invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure in this invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the casing in this invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for extracting the basket in this invention;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a half-section of the extraction basket in this invention;

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Extraction tank; 11. Discharge pipe; 12. Concentration unit; 13. Drain pipe; 14. Jacket; 15. Hot water valve pipe; 2. Cantilever extraction unit; 21. Rotary shaft; 22. Upper seal; 23. External stirring blade; 24. Frame; 25. Lifting support; 3. Extraction basket; 31. Basket; 32. End cap; 33. Internal stirring blade; 34. Filter plate; 35. Connecting shaft; 36. Central shaft; 37. Extruder 4. Pressure bladder; 4. Tubular heat exchanger; 41. Circulating pump; 42. Delivery pipe; 43. Sprayer; 44. Condenser; 45. Outer pipe; 46. Cooler; 5. Housing; 51. Driven wheel; 52. Drive motor; 53. Threaded screw; 54. Threaded sleeve; 55. Drive shaft; 56. Transmission shaft; 6. Mounting base; 61. Driving gear; 62. Side transmission gear; 63. Driven gear; 64. Pneumatic cylinder; 65. Piston. Detailed Implementation

[0031] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2In this embodiment of the invention, a green intelligent extraction equipment for traditional Chinese medicine with enhanced mass transfer through multi-field coupling includes: an extraction tank 1; a reflux device disposed on the outer side of the extraction tank 1, wherein a liquid outlet pipe 11 is connected to the lower side wall of the extraction tank 1, and the other end of the liquid outlet pipe 11 is connected to the reflux device, which enables external circulation of liquid within the tank; and a concentration unit 12, one end of which is connected to a drain pipe 13, the other end of which is connected to the bottom side wall of the extraction tank 1. When the extract in the extraction tank 1 reaches a certain concentration, the diluted extract can be transported to the external concentration unit 12 for evaporation and concentration through the drain pipe 13. The concentration unit 12 is used to evaporate excess solvent in the diluted drug solution; at the same time, the evaporated secondary steam can be returned to the jacket 14 through the pipeline for waste heat recovery, realizing green energy saving; the extraction tank 1 is equipped with a cantilever extraction unit 2 that can be rotated and lifted, the cantilever extraction unit 2 includes an extraction basket 3, and the extraction basket 3 is equipped with a filter chamber and a flow guide chamber corresponding to each other at the top and bottom; the flow guide chamber is equipped with an internal stirring blade 33 that rotates in the opposite direction to the cantilever extraction unit 2.

[0032] In this embodiment, the extraction tank 1 is designed with a straight cylindrical conical bottom structure, which facilitates the complete drainage of liquid (or cleaning solution during cleaning) from the tank, leaving no dead corners. The cylindrical body and conical bottom of the extraction tank 1 are covered by a jacket 14, which seals the extraction tank 1 to form an annular heat-insulating cavity. The main purpose of this annular heat-insulating cavity is to uniformly radiate heat the liquid inside the tank by introducing hot water, preventing localized overheating that could damage the active ingredients. A hot water valve pipe 15 is vertically connected to the outer wall of the jacket 14 to control the inflow and outflow of the heat medium. An inlet valve is connected to the outside of the extraction tank 1, and a high-pressure resistant fiber optic probe is embedded inside the extraction tank 1. This high-pressure resistant fiber optic probe is used to monitor the temperature, pressure, and active ingredient concentration changes inside the tank in real time, providing data support for intelligent control and preventing over-extraction or under-extraction.

[0033] In a preferred embodiment, the reflux device includes: a circulation pump 41, whose inlet is connected to the outlet pipe 11. The circulation pump 41 is preferably a sanitary-grade variable frequency centrifugal pump, which provides power for the external circulation of the liquid inside the tank. By adjusting the frequency, the circulation flow rate can be controlled, thereby adjusting the flow intensity of the liquid inside the tank; a filter (not shown in the figure), connected in series on the outlet pipe 11. During the external circulation of the liquid, the liquid with a higher concentration at the bottom of the tank and containing small medicinal residues is first drawn out through the outlet pipe 11. The filter intercepts larger solid particles, preventing blockage of the subsequent tubular heat exchanger 4 and sprayer 43; a tubular heat exchanger 4, located on the outer side of the extraction tank 1, with the outlet of the circulation pump 41 connected to the tubular heat exchanger 4 via a pipe; and a conveying pipe 42, which is vertically inserted and fixed to the tank. On the upper side wall of the extraction tank 1, the tubular heat exchanger 4 is connected to the conveying pipe 42; a sprayer 43 is installed at the end of the conveying pipe 42 that extends into the extraction tank 1. Preferably, there are several sprayers 43 distributed circumferentially, and each sprayer 43 is connected to the others by annular pipes. During the extraction process, the circulating pump 41 works continuously, drawing out the extract with higher temperature and concentration from the bottom of the tank. After the fine medicinal residue is removed by the filter, the extract enters the tubular heat exchanger 4 to replenish heat (maintain constant temperature), and then is evenly sprayed onto the upper layer of medicinal materials and the liquid surface inside the tank through the top sprayers 43. This process simulates a "countercurrent" effect inside the tank: the solvent with lower concentration (the upper spray liquid and the rising entrained liquid) comes into contact with the partially extracted medicinal materials, while the solvent with the highest concentration (the bottom of the tank) comes into contact with the freshest medicinal materials (moving to the bottom with the extraction basket), maintaining a high mass transfer driving force.

[0034] In this embodiment, a condenser 44 is provided on one side of the upper part of the extraction tank 1, and an outer tube 45 is connected to one side of the tubular heat exchanger 4. The other end of the outer tube 45 is connected to the condenser 44, so that when the steam pressure generated during the extraction process is too high, the excess oil-containing steam can enter the condenser 44 for primary cooling. A cooler 46 is sealed to one side of the condenser 44, and an oil-water separator (not shown in the figure) is sealed to the upper outlet of the cooler 46.

[0035] The delivery pipe 42 is located at one end of the extraction tank 1 and is connected to the separation port of the oil-water separator, so that the liquid separated by the oil-water separator can flow back into the extraction tank 1 to continue to participate in the extraction.

[0036] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 In this embodiment, the cantilever extraction unit 2 further includes:

[0037] A rotating shaft 21, one end of which is vertically rotatably connected inside the extraction tank 1, is fixed coaxially with the extraction basket 3. When the rotating shaft 21 rotates, the extraction basket 3 below it rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 21. An upper sealing seat 22 is centrally sealed and fitted onto the upper end face of the extraction tank 1. A sealing head is rotatably installed inside the upper sealing seat 22, and the other end of the rotating shaft 21 slides through the sealing head. The upper sealing seat 22 is used to ensure that the inside of the extraction tank 1 remains strictly sealed when the rotating shaft 21 rotates at high speed and slides up and down, preventing pressure leakage inside the tank and the entry of external contaminants. External stirring blade 2 3. It is fixed in the middle of the rotating shaft 21 and located above the extraction basket 3; the outer stirring blade 23 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 21, which can generate axial vortex in the tank under high speed rotation, improve the fluidity of the liquid, and promote the uniform distribution of the liquid temperature field in the tank; the frame 24 is vertically fixed on one side of the upper end face of the extraction tank 1, and a lifting bracket 25 is vertically slidably connected inside the frame 24; the housing 5 is horizontally fixed above the lifting bracket 25, and a rotating sleeve is vertically fixed below one end of the housing 5, and the upper end of the rotating shaft 21 is rotatably connected to the rotating sleeve.

[0038] See Figure 5 In this embodiment, a driven wheel 51 is rotatably connected coaxially above the rotating sleeve inside the housing 5. The rotating shaft 21 is fixed coaxially with the driven wheel 51, and a driving wheel is rotatably connected inside the other end of the housing 5. The driving wheel is driven to rotate by a drive motor 52 fixed below the housing 5. A belt is provided between the driving wheel and the driven wheel 51. After the drive motor 52 is started, it drives the driven wheel 51 to rotate through the belt drive, thereby driving the rotating shaft 21 to rotate, which is necessary for the extraction basket 3 and the outer stirring blade 2. 3. Provides active rotational power; a threaded screw 53 is vertically fixed on the lower end face of the housing 5 on one side of the lifting bracket 25, and a threaded sleeve 54 is rotatably mounted on the frame 24. The threaded screw 53 and the threaded sleeve 54 are threadedly slidably connected; a drive shaft 55 is rotatably connected to the frame 24, and a transmission shaft 56 is rotatably connected to the frame 24 and is perpendicular to the drive shaft 55. The two ends of the transmission shaft 56 are respectively connected to the drive shaft 55 and the threaded sleeve 54 through bevel gears for transmission.

[0039] Specifically, when the motor drives the drive shaft 55 to rotate, it drives the transmission shaft 56 to rotate via a bevel gear set. The transmission shaft 56 then drives the threaded sleeve 54 to rotate via the bevel gear. With this configuration, the threaded screw 53 will drive the lifting bracket 25 and the entire housing 5 to move up and down vertically. This lifting function allows the extraction basket 3 to move up and down repeatedly during the extraction process, greatly enhancing the intense relative motion between the medicinal materials and the liquid inside the basket.

[0040] See Figure 6 , Figure 8In a preferred embodiment, the extraction basket 3 includes a basket 31 assembled vertically and an end cap 32. The end cap 32 is detachably fixed to the upper end of the basket 31. Two parallel filter plates 34 are distributed vertically within the filter chamber. The upper filter plate 34 is fixed to the end cap 32, and the lower filter plate 34 is slidably assembled with the basket 31. A connecting shaft 35 is vertically connected inside the basket 31. The lower end of the connecting shaft 35 is rotatably connected to the lower filter plate 34. The upper end of the connecting shaft 35 is connected through a rotating shaft 21. A central shaft 36 is vertically fixed in the middle of the inner stirring blade 33. The connecting shaft 35 is slidably connected to the central shaft 36 so that when the connecting shaft 35 slides axially, it drives the lower filter plate 34 to rise and fall synchronously, and when the connecting shaft 35 rotates, it drives the central shaft 36 to rotate.

[0041] The medicinal material is loaded between two filter plates 34, and multiple vertically arranged compression bladders 37 are also distributed circumferentially between the two filter plates 34. The compression bladders 37 are preferably corrugated tubes made of high-temperature resistant silicone or PTFE material. When the filter plates 34 are axially compressed, the compression bladders 37 expand radially, applying radial extrusion force from the inside to the outside to the medicinal material accumulated between the filter plates 34, and fully squeezing out the medicinal liquid adsorbed in the medicinal material fibers.

[0042] See Figure 7 In this embodiment, a mounting base 6 is fixed to the upper end face of the housing 5, and the upper end of the rotating shaft 21 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 6. A drive tooth 61 is coaxially fixed to the end of the rotating shaft 21. Two side drive teeth 62 are symmetrically rotatably connected inside the mounting base 6, and each side drive tooth 62 meshes with the drive tooth 61. A driven tooth 63 is rotatably connected to the upper interior of the mounting base 6, and the driven tooth 63 meshes with the two side drive teeth 62.

[0043] The upper end of the connecting shaft 35 is slidably connected to the driven tooth 63 (the connecting shaft 35 can slide axially and transmit circumferential rotational force); when the rotating shaft 21 drives the driving tooth 61 to rotate forward, the driving tooth 61 drives the side transmission teeth 62 on both sides to rotate in reverse, and the side transmission teeth 62 on both sides then jointly drive the driven tooth 63. The rotation direction of the driven tooth 63 is opposite to that of the driving tooth 61, that is, opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 21. At the same time, since the driven tooth 63 is slidably connected to the connecting shaft 35, the connecting shaft 35 and the central shaft 36 connected to it will drive the inner stirring blade 33 to rotate in the opposite direction relative to the extraction basket 3.

[0044] It should be noted that the basket 31 itself is a cylindrical structure with densely packed filter holes, but no filter holes are opened at the location of the guide chamber. Thus, the extraction basket 3 rotates at a uniform speed of 10 rpm. Simultaneously, the connecting shaft 35 drives the inner stirring blade 33 to rotate in the opposite direction to the extraction basket 3. Because the impeller of the inner stirring blade 33 rotates in the opposite direction to the basket body, it creates a negative pressure zone in the center of the guide chamber, forcibly "drawing" the relatively low-temperature, low-concentration liquid in the tank into the extraction basket 3. This liquid then passes through the herb layer from the pressure filter chamber and is discharged from the bottom. Compared to traditional static soaking or co-directional stirring methods, this reverse rotation structure actively enhances the fluidity between the herb surface and the main solution, maintaining a high concentration difference between the solvent and the effective components within the herb. This significantly improves the extraction efficiency, effectively shortens the total extraction time, reduces the concentration difference inside and outside the extraction basket, and accelerates the mass transfer between the solid phase (herb) and the liquid phase (solvent).

[0045] In this embodiment, a pneumatic cylinder 64 is vertically fixed above the mounting base 6. A piston 65 is slidably connected inside the pneumatic cylinder 64. The lower end of the piston 65 is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 35. During the lifting and lowering process, especially when the extraction basket 3 descends, compressed air is intermittently introduced into the pneumatic cylinder 64, thereby driving the piston 65 to lift the filter plate 34 below at a high frequency and with a small amplitude, applying axial compression to the medicinal material. At the same time, the compression bladder 37 expands radially. The axial compression force and the radial compression force are superimposed, forcibly squeezing out the adsorbed liquid that is difficult to dissolve naturally inside the medicinal material fibers. The filtrate dissolves into the liquid in the tank through the micropores of the filter plate 34.

[0046] Specific embodiment: A green intelligent extraction method for traditional Chinese medicine using multi-field coupling enhanced mass transfer, comprising the following steps:

[0047] S1. Open the manhole on the top of the extraction tank 1, put the Scutellaria baicalensis slices into the stirring extraction basket 3, and use PLC to control the extraction basket 3 to be lowered to the bottom of the tank, close to the cone bottom; then close the manhole, add drinking water into the extraction tank 1 through the liquid inlet valve, so that the liquid-solid ratio is 8:1, which is lower than the 10-12:1 of the traditional method;

[0048] S2. Start-up and heating: Turn on the circulation pump 41 to start the external circulation of the liquid in the extraction tank 1; at the same time, open the hot water valve pipe 15 on the jacket 14 and the hot water valve of the tubular heat exchanger 4 to heat the tank and the circulating liquid, and set the extraction temperature to 85℃; the PLC controls the heating system to make the material heat up to 85℃ evenly within 20-30 minutes.

[0049] S3. Start Dynamic Extraction: When the temperature reaches 80℃, start the drive device of the stirring extraction basket 3; the program is set as follows: Lifting motion: 1 meter stroke, lifting speed 0.5 m / min, that is, 0.5 lifting cycles are completed per minute; Rotation motion: while lifting, it rotates at a constant speed of 10 rpm, so that the Scutellaria baicalensis slices inside are violently stirred and rolled, and strong shearing is generated with the solvent passing through the filter screen; Guide motion: during the rotation, the inner stirring blades 33 rotate in the opposite direction to the extraction basket 3 to introduce the liquid outside the extraction basket 3 into the extraction basket 3, so that the liquid flows through the pressure filter chamber and enters the guide chamber below, and then is discharged from the inner hole at the bottom of the guide chamber; Pressure filtration motion: during the lifting, the filter plate 34 in the extraction basket 3 axially squeezes the Scutellaria baicalensis slices, and at the same time, each squeezing bladder 37 can expand radially, thereby realizing radial squeezing of the medicinal material, and the filtrate is fully dissolved into the liquid in the tank;

[0050] S4. Countercurrent circulation control: The circulation pump 41 works continuously to extract the extract with higher temperature and higher baicalin concentration from the bottom of the tank. After removing fine medicinal residues through the filter, it enters the tubular heat exchanger 4 to replenish heat in order to maintain a constant temperature. Then, it is evenly sprayed onto the upper layer of medicinal materials and the liquid surface in the tank through the top sprayer 43. This process simulates the "countercurrent" effect in the tank: the solvent with lower concentration (the upper spray liquid and the rising entrained liquid) comes into contact with the partially extracted medicinal materials, while the solvent with the highest concentration (the bottom of the tank) comes into contact with the freshest medicinal materials (moving to the bottom with the extraction basket), maintaining a high mass transfer driving force.

[0051] S5. Extraction process maintenance: Maintain the temperature at 85±2℃, continuously perform dynamic stirring and countercurrent circulation, and set the total extraction time to 1.5 hours;

[0052] S6. Discharge: After 1.5 hours, the PLC control program stops driving motor 52 and circulating pump 41; after standing for 5 minutes, open the discharge valve at the bottom of extraction tank 1 to discharge all the extract into concentration unit 12; after testing, the baicalin transfer rate of a single extraction can reach more than 92%.

[0053] Slag removal: Open the slag removal door at the bottom of the tank, and then raise the extraction basket 3 to a high position. The slag in the extraction basket 3 is easier to unload under the action of gravity. Then clean the tank to prepare for the next batch.

[0054] Traditional static boiling water extraction of baicalin using a multi-functional tank typically requires two extractions (2 hours for the first extraction and 1.5 hours for the second, with a liquid-to-solid ratio of 12:1), totaling 3.5 hours of extraction time. The total transfer rate of baicalin is approximately 90%, and steam consumption is high. Using the apparatus and method described in this embodiment, a single extraction takes only 1.5 hours, with a transfer rate >92%, a 57% reduction in total time, a 33% reduction in solvent consumption, and an estimated reduction in steam energy consumption of over 40%. Furthermore, the extract contains a higher content of baicalin, and the dissolution of impurities is relatively reduced.

[0055] Those skilled in the art can adjust the following process parameter ranges according to the characteristics of different medicinal materials:

[0056] Extraction temperature: 50-100℃ (select according to the thermal stability of the components).

[0057] Stirring and extraction basket movement: lifting speed 0.2-1 m / min, rotation speed 5-40 rpm, can be operated intermittently or continuously.

[0058] Liquid-to-solid ratio: 6:1 to 15:1.

[0059] External circulation flow rate: circulates the liquid in the tank 2-10 times per hour.

[0060] Extraction time: 0.5-3 hours.

[0061] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A green intelligent extraction equipment for traditional Chinese medicine with enhanced mass transfer through multi-field coupling, characterized in that, It includes: Extraction tank (1); A reflux device is provided on the outside side of the extraction tank (1). The lower side wall of the extraction tank (1) is connected to a liquid outlet pipe (11), and the other end of the liquid outlet pipe (11) is connected to the reflux device. The concentration unit (12) has a drain pipe (13) connected to one end, and the other end of the drain pipe (13) is connected to the bottom side wall of the extraction tank (1). The extraction tank (1) is equipped with a cantilever extraction unit (2) that can be rotatably and vertically installed. The cantilever extraction unit (2) includes an extraction basket (3), and the extraction basket (3) is equipped with a filter press chamber and a flow guide chamber, which are arranged vertically and vertically respectively. The flow guide chamber is equipped with an internal stirring blade (33) that rotates in the opposite direction to the cantilever extraction unit (2).

2. The green intelligent extraction equipment for traditional Chinese medicine with multi-field coupling and enhanced mass transfer as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The extraction tank (1) is configured as a straight cylindrical conical bottom structure, and the cylindrical body and conical bottom part of the extraction tank (1) are covered by a jacket (14). The jacket (14) and the extraction tank (1) are sealed to form an annular heat preservation cavity. A hot water valve pipe (15) is vertically connected to the outer wall of the jacket (14). The extraction tank (1) is externally connected to a liquid inlet valve, and a high-pressure resistant fiber optic probe is embedded inside the extraction tank (1).

3. The green intelligent extraction equipment for traditional Chinese medicine with multi-field coupling and enhanced mass transfer as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The reflux device includes: A circulating pump (41) has its inlet connected to the outlet pipe (11); A filter is connected in series on the outlet pipe (11); A tubular heat exchanger (4) is installed on the outside side of the extraction tank (1), and the outlet of the circulating pump (41) is connected to the tubular heat exchanger (4) through a pipe. The conveying pipe (42) is vertically fixed to the upper side wall of the extraction tank (1), and the tubular heat exchanger (4) is connected to the conveying pipe (42); A sprayer (43) is installed at one end of the delivery pipe (42) that extends into the extraction tank (1).

4. The green intelligent extraction equipment for traditional Chinese medicine with multi-field coupling and enhanced mass transfer as described in claim 3, characterized in that: A condenser (44) is provided on one side of the upper part of the extraction tank (1), and an outer tube (45) is connected to one side of the tubular heat exchanger (4). The other end of the outer tube (45) is connected to the condenser (44). A cooler (46) is sealed to one side of the condenser (44), and an oil-water separator is sealed to the upper liquid outlet of the cooler (46). The delivery pipe (42) is located at one end of the extraction tank (1) and connected to the separation port of the oil-water separator.

5. The green intelligent extraction equipment for traditional Chinese medicine with multi-field coupling and enhanced mass transfer as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The cantilever extraction unit (2) also includes: A rotating shaft (21) is vertically rotatably connected to the extraction tank (1) at one end, and the rotating shaft (21) is fixed on the same axis as the extraction basket (3); The upper sealing seat (22) is centrally sealed and assembled on the upper end face of the extraction tank (1). A sealing head is rotatably installed inside the upper sealing seat (22), and the other end of the rotating shaft (21) is slidably connected in the sealing head. An external stirring blade (23) is fixed in the middle of the rotating shaft (21) and located above the extraction basket (3); The frame (24) is vertically fixed to one side of the upper end face of the extraction tank (1), and a lifting bracket (25) is vertically slidably connected inside the frame (24). The housing (5) is horizontally fixed above the lifting bracket (25). A rotating sleeve is vertically fixed below one end of the housing (5). The upper end of the rotating shaft (21) is rotatably connected to the rotating sleeve.

6. The green intelligent extraction equipment for traditional Chinese medicine with multi-field coupling and enhanced mass transfer as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Inside the housing (5), a driven wheel (51) is rotatably connected coaxially above the rotating sleeve. The rotating shaft (21) is fixed coaxially with the driven wheel (51). A driving wheel is rotatably connected inside the other end of the housing (5). The driving wheel is driven to rotate by a drive motor (52) fixed below the housing (5). A belt is provided between the driving wheel and the driven wheel (51). A threaded screw (53) is vertically fixed on the lower end face of the housing (5) on one side of the lifting bracket (25). A threaded sleeve (54) is rotatably mounted on the frame (24). The threaded screw (53) and the threaded sleeve (54) are threadedly slidably connected. A drive shaft (55) is rotatably connected to the frame (24) horizontally, and a transmission shaft (56) is rotatably connected to the frame (24) and is perpendicular to the drive shaft (55). The two ends of the transmission shaft (56) are connected to the drive shaft (55) and the threaded sleeve (54) respectively through bevel gears.

7. The green intelligent extraction equipment for traditional Chinese medicine with multi-field coupling and enhanced mass transfer as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The extraction basket (3) includes a basket (31) assembled in an upper and lower combination and an end cap (32). The end cap (32) is detachably fixed to the upper end of the basket (31). There are two parallel filter plates (34) arranged in the upper and lower parts of the filter chamber. The filter plate (34) located above is fixed to the end cap (32), and the filter plate (34) located below is slidably assembled with the basket (31). The basket (31) is vertically connected to a connecting shaft (35), the lower end of which is rotatably connected to the filter plate (34) below; the upper end of the connecting shaft (35) is connected through the rotating shaft (21). The inner stirring blade (33) has a central shaft (36) vertically fixed in the middle. The connecting shaft (35) is slidably connected to the central shaft (36) so that when the connecting shaft (35) slides along the axial direction, it drives the filter plate (34) below to rise and fall synchronously, and when the connecting shaft (35) rotates, it drives the central shaft (36) to rotate. The medicinal material is loaded between the two filter plates (34), and there are also multiple vertically arranged compression bladders (37) distributed circumferentially between the two filter plates (34).

8. The green intelligent extraction equipment for traditional Chinese medicine with multi-field coupling and enhanced mass transfer as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end face of the housing (5) is fixed with a mounting base (6). The upper end of the rotating shaft (21) is rotatably connected to the mounting base (6). The end of the rotating shaft (21) is coaxially fixed with a driving tooth (61). Two side transmission teeth (62) are symmetrically rotatably connected inside the mounting base (6). Each side transmission tooth (62) meshes with the driving tooth (61). A driven tooth (63) is rotatably connected to the upper part of the interior of the mounting base (6). The driven tooth (63) meshes with the two side transmission teeth (62). The upper end of the connecting shaft (35) is slidably connected to the driven tooth (63).

9. The green intelligent extraction equipment for traditional Chinese medicine with multi-field coupling enhanced mass transfer as described in claim 8, characterized in that: A pneumatic cylinder (64) is vertically fixed above the mounting base (6). A piston (65) is slidably connected inside the pneumatic cylinder (64). The lower end of the piston (65) is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft (35).

10. A green intelligent extraction method for traditional Chinese medicine using multi-field coupling enhanced mass transfer, comprising employing the green intelligent extraction equipment for traditional Chinese medicine using multi-field coupling enhanced mass transfer as described in claim 9, characterized in that... It includes the following steps: S1. Open the manhole on the top of the extraction tank (1), put the medicinal materials into the stirring extraction basket (3), and lower the extraction basket (3) to the bottom of the tank near the cone bottom by controlling the PLC; then close the manhole and add drinking water into the extraction tank (1) through the liquid inlet valve so that the liquid-solid ratio is 8:1; S2. Start-up and heating: Turn on the circulation pump (41) to start the external circulation of the liquid in the extraction tank (1); at the same time, open the hot water valve pipe (15) on the jacket (14) and the hot water valve of the tubular heat exchanger (4) to heat the tank and the circulating liquid, and set the extraction temperature to 85°C; PLC controls the heating system to make the material heat up to 85°C evenly within 20-30 minutes. S3. Start dynamic extraction: When the temperature reaches 80℃, start the drive device of the stirring extraction basket (3); the program is set as follows: lifting motion: stroke 1 meter, lifting speed 0.5 m / min, that is, 0.5 lifting cycles are completed per minute; rotation motion: while lifting, rotate at a constant speed of 10 rpm; guide motion: during the rotation, the inner stirring blade (33) rotates in the opposite direction to the extraction basket (3) to introduce the liquid outside the extraction basket (3) into the extraction basket (3), so that the liquid flows through the pressure filter chamber and enters the guide chamber below, and then is discharged from the inner hole at the bottom of the guide chamber; pressure filter motion: during the lifting, the filter plate (34) in the extraction basket (3) axially squeezes the medicinal material, and at the same time, each squeezing bladder (37) can expand radially, thereby realizing radial squeezing of the medicinal material, and the filtrate is fully dissolved into the liquid in the tank; S4. Countercurrent circulation control: The circulation pump (41) works continuously to extract the extract with higher temperature and higher concentration at the bottom of the tank, remove the fine residue through the filter, and enter the tubular heat exchanger (4) to replenish heat in order to maintain constant temperature. Then, it is evenly sprayed on the upper layer of medicinal materials and liquid surface in the tank through the top sprayer (43). S5. Extraction process maintenance: Maintain the temperature at 85±2℃, continuously perform dynamic stirring and countercurrent circulation, and set the total extraction time to 1.5 hours; S6. Discharge: After 1.5 hours, the PLC control program stops the drive motor (52) and the circulation pump (41); after standing for 5 minutes, open the discharge valve at the bottom of the extraction tank (1) to discharge all the extract into the concentration unit (12). Slag removal: Open the slag removal door at the bottom of the tank, and then raise the extraction basket (3) to a high position. The slag in the extraction basket (3) is more easily discharged under the action of gravity. Then clean the tank and prepare for the next batch.

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