Low liquid-gas ratio exhaust gas absorption purification equipment

Abstract

The application provides a low liquid-gas ratio waste gas absorption purification equipment, and relates to the technical field of environmental protection engineering construction. The liquid distributor comprises a primary tank and a secondary tank, the lower side of the secondary tank is formed with a liquid distribution hole, the secondary tank is provided with an adjusting piece and an elastic piece, the elastic piece applies an upward elastic force to the adjusting piece, and the absorption liquid above the adjusting piece applies a downward pressure to the adjusting piece. When the absorption liquid distributed by the primary tank to each secondary tank is uneven, the pressure applied by the absorption liquid in each secondary tank to the adjusting piece is greater than or smaller than the elastic force, the adjusting piece slides downward or upward relative to the secondary tank, the distance between the liquid level of the absorption liquid in each secondary tank and the liquid distribution hole is basically consistent, the height difference of the liquid level of the absorption liquid in each secondary tank is reduced, the liquid outlet pressure of each secondary tank tends to be consistent, and then the spray flow of each liquid distribution hole tends to be consistent, the overall liquid distribution uniformity is improved, and the construction quality and treatment efficiency of the waste gas absorption purification engineering are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of environmental engineering construction technology, and in particular to a low liquid-to-gas ratio waste gas absorption and purification device. Background Technology

[0002] Various waste gases emitted during industrial production processes must be purified to meet standards before being released. Absorption filtration, as one of the mainstream technologies for waste gas purification, is widely used in environmental protection engineering projects for waste gas treatment in industries such as chemical, pharmaceutical, coating, and electronics. The packed absorption tower is the core equipment in the absorption purification process. Its working principle involves the absorption liquid being sprayed from top to bottom and the waste gas flowing from bottom to top, forming a countercurrent contact between the gas and liquid phases on the packing surface. Through mass transfer, the pollutant components in the waste gas are dissolved and absorbed by the absorption liquid or undergo chemical reactions, thereby achieving gas purification and separation. The mass transfer efficiency of the packed tower is closely related to the initial distribution of the liquid at the top of the packing layer. The uniformity of liquid distribution directly affects the effective contact area between the gas and liquid phases and the overall mass transfer effect. The liquid distributor, as a key internal component of the packed tower, functions to evenly distribute the absorbent entering the tower onto the upper surface of the packing layer, providing a good initial liquid phase distribution for the packing. Based on their structural form, existing liquid distributors mainly include various types such as tubular, trough, and disc types. Among them, tubular distributors consist of perforated pipes, have a simple structure, and a large gas flow cross-section. Trough distributors are gravity-type distributors, typically composed of a primary trough and a secondary distribution trough, distributing liquid through distribution holes or overflow ports. Disc distributors have riser holes and distribution holes on the base, serving as both liquid distribution and gas phase channels. Different types of liquid distributors are suitable for operating conditions with different liquid loads, tower diameters, and system characteristics. In the construction of low liquid-to-gas ratio waste gas absorption and purification projects, the selection and design of the liquid distributor has a significant impact on the overall implementation effect of the purification project.

[0003] In existing two-stage liquid distributors, uneven distribution of liquid from the primary stage to the secondary stages can easily occur, resulting in differences in the liquid level height in each secondary stage. Since the liquid pressure at the distribution holes is directly related to the liquid level in the tank, inconsistent liquid levels will cause different liquid pressures at the outlets of each secondary stage, which in turn will cause deviations in the spray flow rate of each distribution hole, affecting the overall uniformity of liquid distribution and reducing the construction quality and treatment efficiency of the waste gas absorption and purification project.

[0004] The information disclosed in the background section of this invention is intended only to enhance the understanding of the general background of this invention, and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a low liquid-to-gas ratio waste gas absorption and purification device to address the problems existing in current packed absorption towers.

[0006] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions: A low liquid-to-gas ratio waste gas absorption and purification device includes: The tower body; its interior is filled with packing material; A gas distributor is located below the packing material and is used to allow exhaust gas to pass through the packing material from bottom to top. A liquid distributor, positioned above the packing material, allows the absorbent liquid to flow from top to bottom through the packing. The distributor includes a primary tank and a secondary tank, horizontally arranged and perpendicular to each other along its length. Multiple secondary tanks are arranged side-by-side, each with a distribution hole on its lower side. An adjusting element slides vertically within each secondary tank. The absorbent liquid enters the primary and secondary tanks sequentially. When the adjusting element is below the distribution hole, the absorbent liquid in the secondary tank is discharged through the distribution hole. An elastic element is positioned between the secondary tank and the adjusting element. The elastic element applies an upward elastic force to the adjusting element, while the absorbent liquid above the adjusting element applies a downward pressure. When the pressure is less than the elastic force, the adjusting element slides upward relative to the secondary tank to reduce the elastic force to equal the pressure. When the pressure is greater than the elastic force, the adjusting element slides downward relative to the secondary tank to increase the elastic force to equal the pressure. When the pressure equals the elastic force, the adjusting element remains stationary relative to the secondary tank.

[0007] Furthermore, the adjusting component has a liquid storage tank formed from top to bottom, which can store absorbent liquid.

[0008] Furthermore, the adjusting component is located below the secondary tank, forming a side cavity between them. The lower side of the side cavity has an outlet, and the upper side of the side cavity has an inlet. The inlet has a closed state and an open state. When the inlet is closed, the interior of the secondary tank is isolated from the interior of the side cavity. When the inlet is open, the interior of the secondary tank is connected to the interior of the side cavity. The distribution hole also has a closed state and an open state. When the distribution hole is closed, the interior of the secondary tank is isolated from the outside. When the distribution hole is open, the interior of the secondary tank is connected to the outside. When the pressure is less than or equal to a first preset value, both the inlet and the distribution hole are closed. When the pressure is greater than the first preset value and less than a second preset value, the inlet is open and the distribution hole is closed, with the first preset value being less than the second preset value. When the pressure is greater than or equal to the second preset value, both the inlet and the distribution hole are open.

[0009] Furthermore, a horizontal plate and a vertical plate are connected sequentially from the upper side of the adjusting member outwards. A side cavity is formed between the adjusting member, the horizontal plate, the vertical plate, and the secondary tank. The liquid inlet is opened on the horizontal plate. A top plate is provided in the secondary tank. When the adjusting member slides relative to the secondary tank, the top plate can block or open the liquid inlet, so that the liquid inlet can switch between a closed state and an open state. The vertical plate is in contact with the inner wall of the secondary tank. When the adjusting member slides relative to the secondary tank, the vertical plate can block or open the liquid distribution hole, so that the liquid distribution hole can switch between a closed state and an open state.

[0010] Furthermore, the lower side of the secondary tank is open, the lower side of the adjusting member extends out of the secondary tank, and the lower side of the secondary tank and the adjusting member are spaced apart to form a liquid outlet.

[0011] Furthermore, multiple liquid inlets are evenly distributed along the length of the secondary tank.

[0012] Furthermore, multiple liquid distribution holes are evenly distributed along the length of the secondary tank.

[0013] Furthermore, a liquid distribution plate is provided on the lower side of the secondary tank, and the liquid distribution plate is horizontally spaced from the secondary tank. The absorbent liquid is discharged onto the liquid distribution plate through the liquid distribution holes.

[0014] Furthermore, the plane on which the liquid distribution plate is located is set vertically.

[0015] Furthermore, a buffer tank is provided in the primary tank. The length direction of the buffer tank is parallel to the length direction of the primary tank. The highest point of the buffer tank is lower than the highest point of the primary tank. Multiple leakage holes are evenly distributed on the lower side of the buffer tank. The absorbent liquid enters the buffer tank, the primary tank and the secondary tank in sequence.

[0016] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: When the absorbent liquid distributed from the primary tank to the secondary tanks is uneven, the amount of absorbent liquid in each secondary tank increases or decreases. The pressure exerted on the respective regulating components is greater or less than the elastic force. The regulating components slide downward or upward relative to the secondary tank, making the distance between the liquid surface of the absorbent liquid in each secondary tank and the distribution hole basically the same. This reduces the difference in liquid surface height in each secondary tank, thereby making the outlet pressure of each secondary tank more consistent. Consequently, the spray flow rate of each distribution hole becomes more consistent, improving the overall uniformity of liquid distribution and ensuring the construction quality and treatment efficiency of the waste gas absorption and purification project. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the low liquid-to-gas ratio waste gas absorption and purification equipment provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Internal structure diagram; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Side view; Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view along axis AA; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a liquid distributor. Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the secondary tank structure; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Internal structure diagram; Figure 8 for Figure 5 Side view; Figure 9 for Figure 8 BB-direction sectional view; Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified view of a section at point C; Figure 11 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing only the liquid inlet in the open position; Figure 12 for Figure 11 A magnified view of a section at point D; Figure 13 for Figure 9 A schematic diagram showing that both the liquid inlet and the liquid distribution hole are open; Figure 14 for Figure 13 A magnified view of a section at point E in the middle.

[0018] in: 100. Tower body; 101. Gas distributor; 102. Packing; 103. Liquid distribution plate; 104. Gas inlet; 105. Exhaust port; 106. Liquid inlet pipe; 107. Liquid outlet; 108. Through hole; 109. Demister; 110. Buffer tank; 111. Leakage hole; 200. Liquid distributor; 201. Primary tank; 202. Secondary tank; 203. Liquid distribution hole; 204. Adjusting component; 205. Elastic component; 206. Liquid storage tank; 207. Side cavity; 208. Liquid outlet; 209. Liquid inlet; 210. Horizontal plate; 211. Vertical plate; 212. Top plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0021] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 14As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a low liquid-to-gas ratio waste gas absorption and purification device (hereinafter referred to as waste gas absorption and purification device), including a tower body 100, a gas distributor 101, and a liquid distributor 200; the tower body 100 is provided with packing material 102; the gas distributor 101 is located below the packing material 102 and is used to allow waste gas to pass through the packing material 102 from bottom to top; the liquid distributor 200 is located above the packing material 102 and is used to allow the absorbent liquid to pass through the packing material 102 from top to bottom. The liquid distributor 200 includes a primary tank 201 and a secondary tank 202 arranged horizontally in the length direction and perpendicular to each other. Multiple secondary tanks 202 are arranged side by side and have liquid distribution holes 203 formed on their lower sides; an adjusting member 204 is slidably provided in the secondary tank 202 along the vertical direction for absorption. The liquid enters the primary tank 201 and the secondary tank 202 sequentially. When the adjusting member 204 is below the liquid distribution hole 203, the absorbent liquid in the secondary tank 202 is discharged through the liquid distribution hole 203. An elastic member 205 is provided between the secondary tank 202 and the adjusting member 204. The elastic member 205 applies an upward elastic force to the adjusting member 204, and the absorbent liquid above the adjusting member 204 applies a downward pressure to the adjusting member 204. When the pressure is less than the elastic force, the adjusting member 204 slides upward relative to the secondary tank 202 to reduce the elastic force to equal the pressure. When the pressure is greater than the elastic force, the adjusting member 204 slides downward relative to the secondary tank 202 to increase the elastic force to equal the pressure. When the pressure equals the elastic force, the adjusting member 204 is stationary relative to the secondary tank 202.

[0023] The absorbent enters the primary tank 201 and the secondary tank 202 successively. The amount of absorbent in the secondary tank 202 gradually increases, and the pressure it exerts on the regulating component 204 gradually increases until it exceeds the elastic force. The regulating component 204 slides downward relative to the secondary tank 202, and the elastic force also gradually increases until the elastic force equals the pressure. At this time, the regulating component 204 is located below the liquid distribution hole 203 and is stationary relative to the secondary tank 202. The absorbent in the secondary tank 202 is discharged through the liquid distribution hole 203 and falls onto the packing 102 to achieve uniform liquid distribution.

[0024] When the absorbent liquid distributed from the primary tank 201 to each secondary tank 202 is uneven, the amount of absorbent liquid in each secondary tank 202 increases or decreases. The pressure exerted on the respective adjusting component 204 is greater than or less than the elastic force. The adjusting component 204 slides downward or upward relative to the secondary tank 202, so that the distance between the liquid level of the absorbent liquid in each secondary tank 202 and the liquid distribution hole 203 is basically the same. This reduces the difference in the liquid level height of the absorbent liquid in each secondary tank 202, thereby making the outlet pressure of each secondary tank 202 more consistent. Consequently, the spray flow rate of each liquid distribution hole 203 becomes more consistent, improving the overall uniformity of liquid distribution and ensuring the construction quality and treatment efficiency of the waste gas absorption and purification project.

[0025] When localized high air pressure occurs inside the tower body 100 (below the liquid distributor 200), it becomes difficult for some of the liquid distribution holes 203 in the secondary tank 202 to drain liquid. The higher air pressure will exert an upward thrust on the regulating component 204, causing the regulating component 204 to move upward a certain distance relative to the secondary tank 202, increasing the liquid level of the absorbent in the secondary tank 202, and thus increasing the liquid outlet pressure of the secondary tank 202, making the liquid outlet smoother.

[0026] It is understandable that the adjusting member 204 is also subject to a constant self-weight, that is, the sum of the pressure and the self-weight of the adjusting member 204 equals the elastic force. For ease of description, the self-weight of the adjusting member 204 can be ignored, and only the relative relationship between the pressure and the elastic force is compared. In addition, the elastic member 205 can be a tension spring, and multiple elastic members 205 can be evenly distributed around the adjusting member 204 so that the elastic members 205 can apply a uniform elastic force to the adjusting member 204. When the adjusting member 204 slides downward relative to the secondary groove 202, the elastic member 205 is stretched, resulting in a gradual increase in the elastic force. A sealing member is provided on the outside of the adjusting member 204 to ensure the sealing performance when the adjusting member 204 slides along the secondary groove 202. Liquid distribution holes 203 are formed on both sides of the secondary groove 202, and multiple liquid distribution holes 203 are evenly distributed along the length of the secondary groove 202. A liquid distribution plate 103 is provided on the lower side of the secondary tank 202. The liquid distribution plate 103 is horizontally spaced from the secondary tank 202. The absorbent liquid is discharged onto the liquid distribution plate 103 through the liquid distribution holes 203, and is evenly distributed on the liquid distribution plate 103 in the form of a liquid film and flows downward, resulting in more uniform liquid distribution. The plane on which the liquid distribution plate 103 is located is vertically arranged, so that the liquid film on the liquid distribution plate 103 flows vertically downward.

[0027] This invention relates to a waste gas absorption and purification equipment that can be applied to environmental protection engineering construction sites for waste gas treatment in industries such as chemical and pharmaceutical manufacturing. It is used to purify organic waste gas and acidic gases emitted during production processes. The tower body 100 has an inlet 104 at its bottom for conveying waste gas and an exhaust port 105 at its top for discharging treated waste gas. An induced draft fan is also provided to power the flow of the waste gas. An inlet pipe 106 for conveying absorbent liquid is located on the upper side of the tower body 100. One end of the inlet pipe 106 is connected to a liquid pump to power the flow of the absorbent liquid, and the other end of the inlet pipe 106 extends into the tower body 100 and is located above the primary tank 201. A drain port 107 is located at the bottom of the tower body 100 for discharging the used absorbent liquid. A gas distributor 101 is located at the lower part of the tower body 100, above the air inlet 104, to uniformly distribute and rectify the waste gas entering from the bottom of the tower body 100. This ensures that the airflow rises evenly along the cross-section of the tower body 100 before entering the packing 102, preventing airflow deviation or excessively high local flow velocities, and guaranteeing sufficient and stable contact between the gas and liquid phases within the packing 102. The packing 102 is filled in the middle of the tower body 100, serving as the core contact component for gas-liquid mass transfer, providing sufficient contact surface area for the two phases. The absorbent flows from top to bottom along the surface of the packing 102 to form a liquid film, while the waste gas passes through the gaps in the packing 102 from bottom to top. The two phases undergo mass transfer through countercurrent contact on the surface of the packing 102, allowing the pollutant components in the waste gas to be absorbed or removed by the absorbent. A liquid distributor 200 is positioned above the packing material 102 to uniformly spray and distribute the incoming absorbent liquid to the top of the packing material 102, ensuring a uniform initial distribution of the absorbent liquid on the upper surface of the packing material 102. This guarantees that the surface of the packing material 102 is fully wetted, providing favorable initial conditions for gas-liquid mass transfer. The bottom of the primary tank 201 has multiple through holes 108, each corresponding to a secondary tank 202, allowing the absorbent liquid in the primary tank 201 to enter the secondary tank 202 through the through holes 108. A demister 109 is installed between the liquid distributor 200 and the exhaust port 105 to capture liquid droplets entrained in the purified gas flow, preventing the absorbent liquid from being carried out of the tower with the purified waste gas, reducing absorbent liquid loss, and avoiding liquid carryover in the discharged gas. The relevant structure, working principle, and specific construction process of the above-mentioned waste gas absorption and purification equipment are existing technologies and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0028] A buffer tank 110 is provided inside the primary tank 201. The length direction of the buffer tank 110 is parallel to the length direction of the primary tank 201. The highest point of the buffer tank 110 is lower than the highest point of the primary tank 201, and multiple drain holes 111 are evenly distributed on the lower side of the buffer tank 110. The absorbent liquid enters the buffer tank 110, the primary tank 201, and the secondary tank 202 in sequence. The absorbent liquid discharged from the inlet pipe 106 first enters the buffer tank 110. The absorbent liquid in the buffer tank 110 can enter the primary tank 201 through the drain holes 111, or it can enter the primary tank 201 after the liquid level has exceeded the highest point of the buffer tank 110. This buffers the absorbent liquid discharged from the inlet pipe 106 and ensures that the absorbent liquid in the primary tank 201 is evenly distributed, thereby improving the uniformity of the absorbent liquid distributed from the primary tank 201 to each secondary tank 202.

[0029] Furthermore, the upper edge of the buffer tank 110 is evenly distributed with serrated grooves so that the absorbent liquid in the buffer tank 110 can flow downward along the outer wall of the buffer tank 110 in the form of a liquid film and enter the primary tank 201, thereby further buffering the absorbent liquid discharged from the inlet pipe 106.

[0030] In one embodiment, the adjusting member 204 has a liquid storage tank 206 formed from top to bottom, which can store absorbent liquid.

[0031] In the prior art, when the liquid distributor 200 is started, the liquid level of the absorbent in the secondary tank 202 is low, the start-up speed is slow, which affects the liquid distribution efficiency and causes the pressure of the absorbent in the secondary tank 202 to fluctuate. After each use, the waste gas absorption and purification equipment of this invention retains residual absorbent liquid in the secondary tank 202 and the storage tank 206. When the supply of absorbent liquid to the primary tank 201 stops, the absorbent liquid in the secondary tank 202 and the storage tank 206 continues to be discharged through the distribution hole 203. This causes the pressure applied to the adjusting member 204 to be less than the elastic force. The adjusting member 204 slides upward relative to the secondary tank 202, so that the liquid level of the absorbent liquid in the secondary tank 202 remains basically unchanged or drops very little. At the same time, the elastic force gradually decreases until the elastic force equals the pressure. At this time, the adjusting member 204 is located above the distribution hole 203 and stationary relative to the secondary tank 202, so as to maintain a certain amount of absorbent liquid in the secondary tank 202 and the storage tank 206. This allows the secondary tank 202 of the liquid distributor 200 to start with a higher liquid level, thereby improving the start-up speed to a certain extent, ensuring the distribution efficiency, and reducing the pressure fluctuation of the absorbent liquid in the secondary tank 202.

[0032] In other embodiments not shown, the storage tank 206 may not be provided, and the adjusting member 204 is flat. After the absorption liquid is stopped being delivered to the primary tank 201, a certain amount of absorption liquid can still be retained in the secondary tank 202, which can also improve the start-up speed to a certain extent, but the amount of retained absorption liquid is small.

[0033] In one embodiment, the adjusting member 204 is disposed below the secondary tank 202, and a side cavity 207 is formed between them. The lower side of the side cavity 207 has a liquid outlet 208, and the upper side of the side cavity 207 has a liquid inlet 209. The liquid inlet 209 has a closed state and an open state. When the liquid inlet 209 is in the closed state, the interior of the secondary tank 202 is isolated from the interior of the side cavity 207. When the liquid inlet 209 is in the open state, the interior of the secondary tank 202 is connected to the interior of the side cavity 207. The liquid distribution hole 203 has a closed state and an open state. When closed, the interior of the secondary tank 202 is isolated from the exterior; when the distribution hole 203 is open, the interior of the secondary tank 202 is connected to the exterior; when the pressure is less than or equal to the first preset value, both the inlet 209 and the distribution hole 203 are closed; when the pressure is greater than the first preset value and less than the second preset value, the inlet 209 is open and the distribution hole 203 is closed, and the first preset value is less than the second preset value; when the pressure is greater than or equal to the second preset value, both the inlet 209 and the distribution hole 203 are open.

[0034] As the amount of absorbent liquid in the secondary tank 202 gradually increases, the pressure exerted on the regulating component 204 gradually increases, so that the secondary tank 202 has three liquid distribution states. The first liquid distribution state can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 9 and Figure 10 When the absorbent liquid in the secondary tank 202 is low, the pressure it exerts on the regulating component 204 is less than or equal to the first preset value. Both the inlet 209 and the distribution hole 203 are closed, and the secondary tank 202 does not distribute liquid in this state. The second liquid distribution state can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 11 and Figure 12 The secondary tank 202 contains a large amount of absorbent liquid, which exerts a pressure on the regulating component 204 that is greater than the first preset value but less than the second preset value. The inlet 209 is open, and the distribution hole 203 is closed. At this time, the absorbent liquid in the secondary tank 202 enters the side cavity 207 through the inlet 209 and is discharged through the outlet 208, meaning that distribution occurs only through the outlet 208. The third distribution state can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 13 and Figure 14 The secondary tank 202 contains the most absorbent liquid, and the pressure it exerts on the regulating component 204 is greater than or equal to the second preset value. Both the inlet 209 and the distribution hole 203 are open. At this time, the absorbent liquid in the secondary tank 202 is simultaneously distributed through the outlet 208 and the distribution hole 203. This increases the number of distribution points of the liquid distributor 200, making the distribution more uniform and improving the operational flexibility of the liquid distributor 200 in its distribution state.

[0035] Side cavities 207 are formed on both sides of the adjusting member 204 and between it and the secondary tank 202, that is, two side cavities 207 are symmetrically arranged about the middle of the adjusting member 204. Correspondingly, two sets of liquid outlets 208 and liquid inlets 209 are also symmetrically arranged about the middle of the adjusting member 204, and multiple liquid inlets 209 are evenly distributed along the length of the secondary tank 202.

[0036] In one embodiment, a horizontal plate 210 and a vertical plate 211 are sequentially connected to the upper side of the adjusting member 204. A side cavity 207 is formed between the adjusting member 204, the horizontal plate 210, the vertical plate 211, and the secondary tank 202. An inlet 209 is provided on the horizontal plate 210. A top plate 212 is provided in the secondary tank 202. When the adjusting member 204 slides relative to the secondary tank 202, the top plate 212 can block or open the inlet 209, so that the inlet 209 can switch between a closed state and an open state. The vertical plate 211 is in contact with the inner wall of the secondary tank 202. When the adjusting member 204 slides relative to the secondary tank 202, the vertical plate 211 can block or open the distribution hole 203, so that the distribution hole 203 can switch between a closed state and an open state.

[0037] The inner side of the horizontal plate 210 is connected to the upper side of the adjusting member 204, the outer side of the horizontal plate 210 is connected to the upper side of the vertical plate 211, and the lower side of the vertical plate 211 is free. The top plate 212 is horizontally set and can fit against the upper side of the horizontal plate 210 to block the liquid inlet 209.

[0038] In one embodiment, the lower side of the secondary tank 202 is open, and the lower side of the adjusting member 204 extends out of the secondary tank 202. The lower side of the secondary tank 202 and the adjusting member 204 are spaced apart to form an outlet 208.

[0039] The liquid outlet 208 is a strip-shaped slit. The absorbent liquid is discharged through the liquid outlet 208 and is evenly distributed on the outer wall of the regulating element 204 in the form of a liquid film and flows downward, making the liquid distribution more uniform.

[0040] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Waste gas enters the tower body 100 through inlet 104, and after being evenly distributed and rectified by gas distributor 101, it flows from bottom to top through packing 102. Simultaneously, the absorbent liquid enters the buffer tank 110 through inlet pipe 106. The absorbent liquid in the buffer tank 110 can enter the primary tank 201 through drain hole 111, or it can enter the primary tank 201 after the liquid level has surpassed the highest point of the buffer tank 110. This buffers the absorbent liquid discharged from inlet pipe 106 and ensures uniform distribution of the absorbent liquid in the primary tank 201, thereby improving the uniformity of the absorbent liquid distribution from the primary tank 201 to the secondary tanks 202. The absorbent liquid in the primary tank 201 enters the secondary tank 202 through through hole 108. The pressure exerted by the absorbent liquid in the secondary tank 202 on the regulating element 204 gradually increases until it exceeds the elastic force. The regulating element 204 slides downward relative to the secondary tank 202, and the elastic force also gradually increases until the elastic force equals the pressure. At this point, the regulating element 204 has two positions, one of which can be seen in [reference needed]. Figure 11 and Figure 12 The top plate 212 opens the inlet 209, and the vertical plate 211 blocks the distribution hole 203. The absorbent in the secondary tank 202 enters the side cavity 207 through the inlet 209 and is discharged through the outlet 208, meaning that distribution is only carried out through the outlet 208; the second method can be found in [the following text is incomplete and requires further context]. Figure 13 and Figure 14 The top plate 212 opens the inlet 209, and the vertical plate 211 opens the distribution hole 203. The absorbent in the secondary tank 202 is simultaneously distributed through the outlet 208 and the distribution hole 203. The absorbent discharged through the outlet 208 or the distribution hole 203 falls evenly onto the packing 102. The exhaust gas passes through the gaps in the packing 102 from bottom to top, and the absorbent flows along the surface of the packing 102 from top to bottom to form a liquid film. The two phases come into countercurrent contact on the surface of the packing 102 for mass transfer, so that the pollutant components in the exhaust gas are absorbed or reacted and removed by the absorbent. After the treated exhaust gas passes through the demister 109 to remove the droplets, it is discharged through the exhaust port 105. The used absorbent is discharged through the drain port 107.

[0041] When the absorbent liquid distributed from the primary tank 201 to each secondary tank 202 is uneven, the amount of absorbent liquid in each secondary tank 202 increases or decreases. The pressure exerted on the respective adjusting component 204 is greater than or less than the elastic force. The adjusting component 204 slides downward or upward relative to the secondary tank 202, so that the distance between the liquid level of the absorbent liquid in each secondary tank 202 and the liquid distribution hole 203 is basically the same. This reduces the difference in the liquid level height of the absorbent liquid in each secondary tank 202, thereby making the outlet pressure of each secondary tank 202 more consistent. Consequently, the spray flow rate of each liquid distribution hole 203 becomes more consistent, improving the overall uniformity of liquid distribution and ensuring the construction quality and treatment efficiency of the waste gas absorption and purification project.

[0042] When localized high air pressure occurs inside the tower body 100 (below the liquid distributor 200), it becomes difficult for some of the liquid distribution holes 203 in the secondary tank 202 to drain liquid. The higher air pressure will exert an upward thrust on the regulating component 204, causing the regulating component 204 to move upward a certain distance relative to the secondary tank 202, increasing the liquid level of the absorbent in the secondary tank 202, and thus increasing the liquid outlet pressure of the secondary tank 202, making the liquid outlet smoother.

[0043] After each use, the waste gas absorption and purification equipment retains residual absorbent liquid in the secondary tank 202 and the storage tank 206. When the inlet pipe 106 stops supplying absorbent liquid to the buffer tank 110, the absorbent liquid in the secondary tank 202 and the storage tank 206 continues to be discharged through the distribution hole 203. This causes the pressure applied to the regulating component 204 to be less than the elastic force. The regulating component 204 slides upward relative to the secondary tank 202, keeping the liquid level of the absorbent liquid in the secondary tank 202 basically unchanged or decreasing by a very small amount. At the same time, the elastic force gradually decreases until the elastic force equals the pressure. At this time, the regulating component 204 is located above the distribution hole 203 and stationary relative to the secondary tank 202, so as to maintain a certain amount of absorbent liquid in the secondary tank 202 and the storage tank 206. This allows the secondary tank 202 of the liquid distributor 200 to start with a higher liquid level, thereby improving the start-up speed to a certain extent, ensuring the distribution efficiency, and reducing the pressure fluctuation of the absorbent liquid in the secondary tank 202.

[0044] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0045] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low liquid-to-gas ratio waste gas absorption and purification device, characterized in that, include: tower body; It contains filler material; A gas distributor is located below the packing material and is used to allow exhaust gas to pass through the packing material from bottom to top. A liquid distributor, positioned above the packing material, allows the absorbent liquid to flow from top to bottom through the packing. The distributor includes a primary tank and a secondary tank, horizontally arranged and perpendicular to each other along its length. Multiple secondary tanks are arranged side-by-side, each with a distribution hole on its lower side. An adjusting element slides vertically within each secondary tank. The absorbent liquid enters the primary and secondary tanks sequentially. When the adjusting element is below the distribution hole, the absorbent liquid in the secondary tank is discharged through the distribution hole. An elastic element is positioned between the secondary tank and the adjusting element. The elastic element applies an upward elastic force to the adjusting element, while the absorbent liquid above the adjusting element applies a downward pressure. When the pressure is less than the elastic force, the adjusting element slides upward relative to the secondary tank to reduce the elastic force to equal the pressure. When the pressure is greater than the elastic force, the adjusting element slides downward relative to the secondary tank to increase the elastic force to equal the pressure. When the pressure equals the elastic force, the adjusting element remains stationary relative to the secondary tank.

2. The low liquid-to-gas ratio waste gas absorption and purification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting component has a liquid storage tank formed from top to bottom, which can store absorbent liquid.

3. The low liquid-to-gas ratio waste gas absorption and purification equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The adjusting element is located below the secondary tank, forming a side cavity between them. The lower side of the side cavity has an outlet, and the upper side has an inlet. The inlet has a closed state and an open state. When the inlet is closed, the interior of the secondary tank is isolated from the interior of the side cavity; when the inlet is open, the interior of the secondary tank is connected to the interior of the side cavity. The distribution hole also has a closed state and an open state. When the distribution hole is closed, the interior of the secondary tank is isolated from the exterior; when the distribution hole is open, the interior of the secondary tank is connected to the exterior. When the pressure is less than or equal to the first preset value, both the liquid inlet and the liquid distribution hole are closed; when the pressure is greater than the first preset value and less than the second preset value, the liquid inlet is open and the liquid distribution hole is closed, and the first preset value is less than the second preset value; when the pressure is greater than or equal to the second preset value, both the liquid inlet and the liquid distribution hole are open.

4. The low liquid-to-gas ratio waste gas absorption and purification equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, A horizontal plate and a vertical plate are connected sequentially from the upper side of the adjusting component. A side cavity is formed between the adjusting component, the horizontal plate, the vertical plate and the secondary tank. The liquid inlet is opened on the horizontal plate. A top plate is provided in the secondary tank. When the adjusting component slides relative to the secondary tank, the top plate can block or open the liquid inlet so that the liquid inlet can switch between the closed state and the open state. The vertical plate fits against the inner wall of the secondary tank. When the adjusting component slides relative to the secondary tank, the vertical plate can block or open the liquid distribution hole, so that the liquid distribution hole can switch between the closed and open states.

5. The low liquid-to-gas ratio waste gas absorption and purification equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower side of the secondary tank is open, and the lower side of the adjusting element extends out of the secondary tank. The lower side of the secondary tank and the adjusting element are spaced apart to form a liquid outlet.

6. The low liquid-to-gas ratio waste gas absorption and purification equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, Multiple liquid inlets are evenly distributed along the length of the secondary tank.

7. The low liquid-to-gas ratio waste gas absorption and purification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple liquid distribution holes are evenly distributed along the length of the secondary tank.

8. The low liquid-to-gas ratio waste gas absorption and purification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A liquid distribution plate is provided on the lower side of the secondary tank. The liquid distribution plate is horizontally spaced from the secondary tank, and the absorbent liquid is discharged onto the liquid distribution plate through the liquid distribution holes.

9. The low liquid-to-gas ratio waste gas absorption and purification equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, The plane containing the liquid distribution plate is set vertically.

10. The low liquid-to-gas ratio waste gas absorption and purification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primary tank is equipped with a buffer tank, the length of which is parallel to that of the primary tank. The highest point of the buffer tank is lower than that of the primary tank, and multiple leakage holes are evenly distributed on the lower side of the buffer tank. The absorbent liquid enters the buffer tank, the primary tank and the secondary tank in sequence.

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