Double-end machine tool special for numerical control bearing machining

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of machine tools and discloses a double-head machine tool special for numerical control bearing machining, which comprises a machine tool main body, a spindle module and a cutter module are integrally arranged on the machine tool main body, the spindle module and the cutter module are symmetrically arranged in two groups, each group of the spindle module and the cutter module is arranged at the two ends of the machine tool main body, and a chip cleaning module is arranged at the bottom of the machine tool main body and used for collecting metal chips generated by machining of the two groups of the spindle module and the cutter module. The overall structural layout of the two groups of the spindle module and the cutter module symmetrically integrated at the two ends of the machine tool main body and matched with the integral chip cleaning module at the middle part realizes cooperative operation of double-head synchronous machining and single-set mechanism centralized chip removal, improves the disadvantages of the traditional double-head machining equipment, that is, two independent chip removal mechanisms need to be respectively arranged at the two ends and the structure is redundant and bulky, improves the integral degree of the whole machine structure and the space utilization rate, and helps to greatly reduce the overall axial size and the floor area of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool technology, specifically to a double-headed machine tool for CNC bearing processing. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the bearing parts processing industry, bearings, as the core basic components of various transmission equipment, are experiencing a continuous increase in market demand, placing increasingly higher demands on the processing efficiency and equipment integration of bearing turning equipment. In the field of batch turning of bearings, traditionally, ordinary single-head CNC lathes are commonly used for processing. A single machine can only turn a single bearing workpiece, and workpieces are loaded and unloaded after processing, resulting in limited processing efficiency. To increase production capacity, multiple single-head lathes are often arranged in parallel on the production floor to meet the needs of mass production. However, the simultaneous deployment of multiple lathes occupies a large amount of workshop production space, resulting in low space utilization. In addition, each lathe requires corresponding drive, chip removal, and collection components, leading to high equipment purchase and maintenance costs.

[0003] The turning process of bearings generates a large amount of metal chips and cutting fluid carrying metal fragments. Timely and reliable collection, transportation and solid-liquid separation of chips are the key links to ensure the long-term continuous and stable operation of machine tools. Existing single-head lathes are equipped with independent chip removal mechanisms, and each machine corresponds to a chip removal and cleaning unit to achieve the collection and treatment of machining chips.

[0004] However, the industry currently lacks a mature integrated CNC double-head machine tool structure. If the goal is to achieve simultaneous processing at two workstations, the conventional approach is to directly combine two complete single-head lathes facing each other to simulate the effect of double-head processing.

[0005] In this configuration, each lathe retains a complete and independent chip removal mechanism, with each mechanism corresponding to its respective machining station, collecting chips and cutting fluid separately. Two complete chip removal mechanisms occupy a significant amount of installation space, resulting in a substantial increase in the overall axial dimension of the machine after assembly. This leads to a large footprint, poor workshop space utilization, and is unfavorable for multi-equipment layouts on the production floor. Furthermore, each chip removal mechanism is equipped with its own drive assembly, conveying assembly, and collection container, resulting in numerous parts and high manufacturing costs. The internal components at the bottom of the equipment are also crowded, with crisscrossing pipelines, leaving little space for later maintenance and disassembly, making equipment maintenance extremely inconvenient.

[0006] Furthermore, the two chip removal mechanisms need to perform daily maintenance tasks such as chip dumping and filter cleaning, which increases the maintenance workload of operators. Existing technologies lack an integrated chip removal structure that can adapt to dual-head synchronous processing conditions and realize centralized chip treatment in dual stations, and cannot simultaneously meet the actual production needs of compact equipment layout and efficient chip removal.

[0007] Therefore, this invention proposes a double-head machine tool specifically for CNC bearing machining. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a special double-head machine tool for CNC bearing processing to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a double-head machine tool for CNC bearing machining, comprising a machine tool body, on which a spindle module and a tool module are integrated and installed. Two sets of spindle modules and tool modules are provided, with each set of spindle modules and tool modules correspondingly arranged at both ends of the machine tool body. A chip cleaning module is provided at the bottom of the machine tool body. The chip cleaning module is used to collect metal chips generated by the two sets of spindle modules and tool modules, and to convey, filter, and separate the chips. The chip cleaning module includes a U-shaped chip collection groove housing slidably connected to the bottom of the machine tool body. A rotatable bidirectional forward and reverse threaded rod is mounted at the bottom of the machine tool body. The two ends of the bidirectional forward and reverse threaded rod correspond to a set of spindle modules and a set of tool modules at both ends of the machine tool body, respectively. When the bidirectional forward and reverse threaded rod rotates, it pushes the chips inside the U-shaped chip collection groove housing towards the center position. The transmission structure drives the U-shaped chip collection groove housing to perform reciprocating sliding motion and generate vibration, thereby shaking off the metal chips adhering to the inner wall of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom two sides of the U-shaped chip collection tank housing are provided with a hollow structure, and a filter screen is installed in the hollow position. A chip drop groove is opened in the middle of the bottom side of the U-shaped chip collection tank housing.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the machine tool body is provided with an external collection mechanism. There are two external collection mechanisms, one for receiving cutting fluid that leaks from the filter screen and the other for collecting metal chips that fall from the chip drop trough.

[0012] Preferably, motors are symmetrically installed inside the machine tool body, and the motors are fixedly connected to bidirectional positive and negative threaded screws to drive their rotation. A threaded screw rotating seat is symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the machine tool body. The bidirectional positive and negative threaded screws are rotatably assembled inside the threaded screw rotating seat. The bidirectional positive and negative threaded screws are slidably connected to the U-shaped chip collection groove housing. An elastic element is fixedly connected between the U-shaped chip collection groove housing and the threaded screw rotating seat. The elastic element provides sliding and restoring elastic force for the U-shaped chip collection groove housing.

[0013] Preferably, a driving bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motors on both sides, and a driven bevel gear is symmetrically rotatably connected to the inner wall of the machine tool body. The driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear mesh with each other. An eccentric excitation assembly is provided between the driven bevel gear and the U-shaped chip collection groove housing. A synchronization structure is connected between the driven bevel gear and the eccentric excitation assembly. The synchronization structure is used to transmit the power of the driven bevel gear to the eccentric excitation assembly.

[0014] Preferably, the eccentric vibration assembly includes a vibration shaft rotatably connected to the inner wall of the machine tool body, an eccentric counterweight fixedly connected to the outer surface of the vibration shaft, and an impact-contact arc block fixedly connected to the outer wall of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing; the eccentric counterweight rotates synchronously with the vibration shaft and intermittently impacts the impact-contact arc block, which, in conjunction with the reset action of the elastic element, drives the U-shaped chip collection groove housing to generate continuous reciprocating sliding vibration.

[0015] Preferably, the eccentric counterweights distributed on the left and right sides are installed with opposite orientations.

[0016] Preferably, the length of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing is greater than the effective feeding stroke of the bidirectional positive and negative screw, so as to reserve sufficient motion margin for the reciprocating sliding vibration of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing.

[0017] Preferably, a driving gear set is fixedly mounted on the end face of the driven bevel gear. The synchronization structure includes a telescopic actuator, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the machine tool body. The output end of the telescopic actuator is rotatably connected to its fixed base. A driven gear set is mounted on the output shaft of the telescopic actuator. The telescopic actuator can extend and retract axially, driving the driven gear set to move closer to or away from the driving gear set, thereby realizing the meshing and disengagement of the driven gear set and the driving gear set. A synchronous belt is connected between the output end of the telescopic actuator and the excitation shaft.

[0018] Preferably, the driving gear set and the driven gear set each include at least two spur gears with the same module but different numbers of teeth. The spur gears inside the driving gear set are arranged sequentially along the axial direction, and the spur gears inside the driven gear set are also arranged correspondingly along the axial direction. By switching the meshing of spur gears with different numbers of teeth through the axial extension and retraction of the telescopic actuator, the rotational speed transmitted to the excitation shaft is changed, thereby realizing the gear adjustment of the vibration frequency of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing. Under the same working state, only one set of spur gear pairs meshes and transmits power.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. By symmetrically integrating two sets of spindle modules and tool modules at both ends of the machine tool body, and combining them with an integrated chip removal module in the middle, this invention achieves coordinated operation of dual-head synchronous machining and centralized chip removal by a single mechanism. This overcomes the drawbacks of traditional dual-head machining equipment, which requires separate chip removal mechanisms at both ends, resulting in redundant and bulky structures. It improves the overall structural integration and space utilization, significantly reducing the overall axial dimension and floor space of the equipment. Compared to traditional two single-head machine tools spliced ​​together or split chip removal structures at both ends, this invention uses only one U-shaped chip collection groove housing and one set of bidirectional positive and negative threaded rods to simultaneously receive machining chips from both workstations, greatly reducing the number of chip removal components, simplifying the overall assembly structure, and lowering equipment manufacturing costs. It also avoids the problems of internal space congestion and messy pipelines caused by the staggered arrangement of multiple chip removal mechanisms, helping to expand the internal maintenance space of the equipment, reducing the difficulty of daily maintenance and fault diagnosis, and effectively adapting to the production scenario of large-scale continuous bearing processing.

[0020] 2. This invention utilizes a vibratory chip removal structure composed of a bidirectional positive and negative threaded screw, a reciprocating U-shaped chip collection groove housing, elastic elements, and an eccentric excitation assembly. This structure enables continuous reciprocating vibration and automatic chip shaking of the chip collection groove, improving the industry problem of fine and wet chips from bearing processing easily adhering to the inner wall of the groove and accumulating and clogging. It enhances the self-cleaning ability and operational stability of the machine tool chip removal system, helping to ensure continuous, uninterrupted machining for extended periods. Relying on the intermittent impact of the rotating eccentric counterweight against the arc block, combined with the elastic reset effect of the elastic element, stable vibration is formed, continuously shaking off residual chips adhering to the groove wall and filter screen, eliminating the need for frequent manual cleaning. Simultaneously, combined with the chip conveying function of the bidirectional positive and negative threaded screw to collect and push chips, it achieves integrated vibration declogging and mechanical chip conveying, completely eliminating chip removal dead zones, helping to reduce the frequency of equipment downtime for cleaning, and significantly improving the continuous production efficiency of the equipment.

[0021] 3. This invention utilizes an adjustable speed transmission structure where the driven bevel gear set, arranged on the end face of the driven bevel gear, drives the driven gear set to slide and shift gears axially. This achieves multi-level adjustment of the excitation shaft speed and the groove vibration frequency, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional fixed vibration frequencies that cannot adapt to different roughing and fine machining conditions. It improves the equipment's adaptability and versatility, helping to accurately match optimal vibration parameters according to actual machining needs. In roughing conditions with large chip volume and viscous chips, a high-frequency vibration setting can be switched to enhance the anti-clogging and chip removal effect; in fine machining conditions with high precision, a low-frequency vibration setting can be switched to reduce the overall machine vibration amplitude and operating noise, avoiding resonance that could affect bearing machining accuracy. This structure only adjusts the speed of the vibration branch, without changing the basic chip feeding speed of the lead screw, helping to balance machining accuracy and chip removal reliability while ensuring stable chip conveying, thus adapting to the bearing machining needs of all working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a frontal perspective three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a rear-view perspective view of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional plan view of the main structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged planar schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 6 This is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the cooperation relationship between the motor and the machine tool body of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the eccentric excitation component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a partial right-side perspective three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged 3D structural schematic diagram at point B; Figure 12 This is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main structure in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0023] In the picture: 1. Machine tool body; 2. Spindle module; 3. Tool module; 4. Chip cleaning module; 41. U-shaped chip collection groove housing; 411. Filter screen; 412. Chip drop groove; 42. Bidirectional positive and negative lead screw; 421. Lead screw rotating seat; 422. Elastic element; 43. Motor; 44. Driving bevel gear; 45. Driven bevel gear; 451. Driving gear set; 46. Eccentric vibration assembly; 461. Vibration shaft; 462. Eccentric counterweight; 463. Impact and resisting arc block; 47. Synchronization structure; 471. Telescopic actuator; 472. Driven gear set; 473. Synchronous belt. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that the spindle module 2, tool module 3, drive gear set 451, driven gear set 472, telescopic actuator 471, elastic element 422 and external collection mechanism in this invention are all existing mature and common structures. Their specific installation principles, driving methods and assembly structures are all conventional technologies in the field. Therefore, their specific internal structures and principles will not be described in detail below.

[0026] Among them, the spindle module 2 and the tool module 3 are standard machining components of the machine tool, used to realize the clamping and turning of bearing workpieces; the elastic element 422 can be a conventional elastic component such as a compression spring, disc spring, or elastic column, mainly used to provide axial reset force to realize the reciprocating vibration reset of the groove; the telescopic actuator 471 can be a cylinder or other linear telescopic drive component, used to realize precise axial telescopic displacement and complete gear shifting and alignment; the driving gear set 451 and the driven gear set 472 are conventional spur gear combination speed change structures, relying on the meshing of gears with different numbers of teeth to realize the transmission ratio switching to meet the speed regulation requirements; the external collection mechanism is a conventional liquid and chip collection cavity structure, used to receive cutting fluid and collect metal chips respectively, realizing solid-liquid separation and collection.

[0027] The structural selection, installation and usage of the above-mentioned components are all within the scope of existing technology. Those skilled in the art can conventionally select and adapt them according to the actual machine tool specifications and assembly requirements. Therefore, this application focuses on protecting the overall combined structure and collaborative working principle, and will not elaborate on the above-mentioned conventional components.

[0028] Please see Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides an embodiment: A double-head machine tool for CNC bearing machining includes a machine body 1. A spindle module 2 and a tool module 3 are integrated and mounted on the machine body 1. Two sets of spindle modules 2 and tool modules 3 are arranged, with each set corresponding to one end of the machine body 1. A chip cleaning module 4 is located at the bottom of the machine body 1. The chip cleaning module 4 collects metal chips generated by the machining of the two sets of spindle modules 2 and tool modules 3, and conveys, filters, and separates the chips. The chip cleaning module 4 includes components slidably connected to the machine body... The machine tool body 1 has a U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41 at the bottom. The bottom of the machine tool body 1 is equipped with a rotatable bidirectional forward and reverse threaded rod 42. The two ends of the bidirectional forward and reverse threaded rod 42 correspond to a set of spindle modules 2 and tool modules 3 at both ends of the machine tool body 1, respectively. When the bidirectional forward and reverse threaded rod 42 rotates, it pushes the chips inside the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41 to the middle position and collects them. The transmission structure drives the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41 to perform reciprocating sliding motion and generate vibration. The vibration shakes off the metal chips that are attached to the inner wall of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41.

[0029] Specifically, this invention employs a dual-head machining structure consisting of a spindle module 2 and a tool module 3 arranged symmetrically at both ends. Compared to traditional single-head lathes, this allows for the simultaneous clamping and turning of two sets of bearing workpieces on the same machine tool, significantly improving the batch processing efficiency of bearing parts. Furthermore, the two machining stations share the same machine tool body 1, effectively ensuring the coaxiality and assembly accuracy of the two stations, reducing equipment manufacturing costs and floor space. Since the dual-head, dual-station operation generates a large volume and high speed of metal chips during processing, traditional single-point chip removal structures are ill-suited to the chip removal requirements of continuous dual-station processing. Therefore, this invention specifically incorporates an integrated chip cleaning module 4, which uniformly receives, transports, filters, and separates the processing chips at both machining stations, achieving centralized collection and automatic cleaning of chips from both stations. Combined with a vibrating U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41, this effectively solves the problems of fine, wet chips from bearing processing easily adhering, accumulating, and clogging, ensuring long-term continuous and stable processing of the dual-head machine tool.

[0030] Please see Figures 5 to 9The bottom sides of the U-shaped chip collection tank housing 41 are designed with a hollow structure, and a filter screen 411 is installed in the hollow position. A chip drop groove 412 is opened in the middle of the bottom side of the U-shaped chip collection tank housing 41. An external collection mechanism is provided at the bottom of the machine tool body 1. There are two external collection mechanisms. One is used to collect the cutting fluid that leaks from the filter screen 411, and the other is used to collect the metal chips that fall from the chip drop groove 412. Motors 43 are symmetrically installed inside the machine tool body 1. The motors 43 are fixedly connected to the bidirectional positive and negative threaded rods 42 to drive the machine. Its rotation, the bottom of the machine tool body 1 is symmetrically and fixedly connected with a lead screw rotating seat 421, the bidirectional positive and negative toothed lead screw 42 is rotatably assembled inside the lead screw rotating seat 421, the bidirectional positive and negative toothed lead screw 42 is slidably connected to the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41, the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41 and the lead screw rotating seat 421 are fixedly connected with an elastic element 422, the elastic element 422 is used to provide sliding and restoring elastic force for the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41, the output shafts of the two motors 43 are fixedly connected with driving bevel gears 44, and the inner wall of the machine tool body 1 is symmetrically and rotatably connected with Driven bevel gear 45 and driving bevel gear 44 mesh with each other. An eccentric vibration assembly 46 is provided between the driven bevel gear 45 and the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41. A synchronization structure 47 is connected between the driven bevel gear 45 and the eccentric vibration assembly 46 for transmission. The synchronization structure 47 is used to transmit power from the driven bevel gear 45 to the eccentric vibration assembly 46. The eccentric vibration assembly 46 includes a vibration shaft 461 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the machine tool body 1. An eccentric counterweight 462 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the vibration shaft 461. An impact-contacting arc block 463 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the chip trough housing 41; the eccentric counterweight block 462 rotates synchronously with the excitation shaft 461 and intermittently impacts the impact-contacting arc block 463. With the reset action of the elastic element 422, the U-shaped chip trough housing 41 is driven to generate continuous reciprocating sliding vibration. The eccentric counterweight blocks 462 distributed on the left and right sides are installed in opposite directions. The length of the U-shaped chip trough housing 41 is greater than the effective feeding stroke of the bidirectional positive and negative threaded rod 42, which reserves sufficient motion margin for the reciprocating sliding vibration of the U-shaped chip trough housing 41.

[0031] It should be noted that the elastic element 422 is an elastic component with axial elastic restoring capability. Specifically, it can be any one of a compression spring, an elastic rubber column, or a disc spring. It is mainly used to provide a stable restoring elastic force after the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41 is impacted and slips, so that the groove can continuously reciprocate. The external collection mechanism is an independently arranged collection cavity structure, which is respectively arranged below the filter screen 411 and below the chip drop groove 412. It is used to collect cutting fluid and metal chips respectively to achieve solid-liquid separation collection. Its specific structural form can be flexibly adapted according to the machine tool installation space. They are all conventional collection structures in this field and are not specifically limited here. In this embodiment, the synchronization structure 47 is specifically a belt.

[0032] As a specific working principle of the above embodiment one: In actual operation, the present invention uses the spindle module 2 and the tool module 3 symmetrically arranged at both ends of the machine tool body 1 to simultaneously carry out dual-head turning operations on the bearing workpiece. Compared with traditional single-head machining equipment, the dual-station synchronous machining mode can effectively improve the batch production efficiency of bearing parts, and the two stations share the same machine tool body 1, ensuring the consistency of overall machining accuracy. During the continuous machining process of the machine tool, a large amount of fine metal chips and mixed cutting fluid generated at both ends will fall directly into the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41 at the bottom of the machine tool body 1, completing the unified collection of machining chips.

[0033] During equipment operation, the motors 43 symmetrically installed inside the machine tool body 1 start working synchronously. The output shaft of the motor 43 directly drives the bidirectional positive and negative threaded screw 42 to rotate continuously. Relying on the positive and negative threaded structure characteristics of the bidirectional positive and negative threaded screw 42, the machining chips that fall at both ends of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41 are continuously pushed and collected to the middle position of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41, avoiding the accumulation of chips at both ends of the groove and realizing the centralized transportation of chips in the dual-station system.

[0034] At the same time, the output shaft of motor 43 drives the active bevel gear 44 to rotate synchronously. Through the bevel gear meshing transmission principle, it drives the driven bevel gear 45 to rotate in reverse direction, thereby transmitting power to the synchronization structure 47. The synchronization structure 47 then transmits the power to the eccentric excitation component 46, providing a stable power source for the vibration chip removal structure.

[0035] When the eccentric vibration assembly 46 is working, the vibration shaft 461 drives the outer fixed eccentric counterweight 462 to rotate at high speed. Utilizing the rotational characteristics of the eccentric structure, the eccentric counterweight 462 periodically and intermittently impacts the impact-contact arc block 463 fixed to the outer wall of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41, generating a lateral impact thrust on the entire U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41. This pushes the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41 to slide axially relative to the machine tool body 1 and the bidirectional positive and negative lead screw 42. After the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41 slides, the elastic element 422 between the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41 and the lead screw rotating seat 421 is stretched or compressed, generating a reverse elastic restoring force. After the impact force disappears, the elastic element 422 drives the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41 to quickly return to its original position. This cycle repeats, creating a stable and continuous reciprocating sliding vibration effect for the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41.

[0036] The continuous vibration effectively shakes off the fine metal chips adhering to the inner wall of the U-shaped chip collection tank housing 41 and the filter screen 411, completely solving the problem of wet chips and fine chips easily sticking and clogging during bearing machining. At the same time, the cutting fluid generated during machining can seep through the perforated structure on both sides of the bottom of the U-shaped chip collection tank housing 41 and through the filter screen 411, falling into the corresponding external collection mechanism below to complete the collection of cutting fluid; the metal chips trapped by the filter screen 411, under the dual action of vibration and the pushing of the bidirectional positive and negative threaded rods 42, finally fall into the chip drop groove 412 in the middle of the U-shaped chip collection tank housing 41 and are collected by another set of external collection mechanisms, accurately realizing the solid-liquid separation collection operation of cutting fluid and metal chips.

[0037] In addition, the eccentric counterweights 462 on the left and right sides are arranged in opposite directions to ensure that the excitation force on both sides of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41 is uniform. Combined with the structural design that the length of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41 is greater than the effective feeding stroke of the bidirectional positive and negative threaded rods 42, sufficient motion margin is reserved for the reciprocating vibration of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41, completely avoiding motion interference and ensuring long-term continuous, stable and blockage-free operation of the double-head machine tool.

[0038] Example 2, based on Example 1, uses a synchronous structure 47 with a fixed transmission ratio, ensuring that the vibration frequency of the eccentric excitation component 46 remains in a fixed ratio with the speed of the motor 43, and the vibration frequency cannot be adjusted. In actual bearing machining, roughing operations involve large amounts of viscous chips that easily clog, requiring high-frequency vibration to prevent clogging; while finishing operations involve smaller amounts of chips and higher machining accuracy requirements, where high-frequency vibration can easily cause loud equipment noise and slight vibrations affecting machining accuracy. Therefore, Example 1 has a single vibration mode, cannot adapt to different cutting conditions, and has poor versatility.

[0039] Therefore, in this embodiment two, the synchronization structure 47 is improved. While retaining all the structure, chip removal function and vibration chip removal principle of embodiment one, the original single fixed transmission synchronization structure 47 is replaced with a gear transmission structure that can be shifted and changed speed.

[0040] Specifically, a drive gear set 451 is added to the end face of the driven bevel gear 45, and a telescopic actuator 471 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the machine tool body 1. Utilizing the axial telescopic and rotatable characteristics of the telescopic actuator 471, the driven gear set 472 mounted on the output shaft is driven to move axially, so that the driven gear set 472 meshes with spur gears with different numbers of teeth in the drive gear set 451. By switching gear pairs with different transmission ratios, the rotational speed transmitted to the excitation shaft 461 is changed.

[0041] In this second embodiment, the remaining power links remain unchanged, and the conveying speed of the bidirectional positive and negative threaded screw 42 is always constant. Only the rotation frequency of the eccentric counterweight 462 is changed, thereby achieving adjustable vibration frequency of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41. Through this structural improvement, the equipment can switch between high-frequency and low-frequency vibration according to different working conditions of roughing and finishing: during roughing, the high-speed gear is switched to increase the vibration frequency and enhance the chip shaking and anti-clogging effect; during finishing, the low-speed gear is switched to reduce the overall machine vibration and noise, and avoid resonance affecting the bearing machining accuracy. This effectively solves the defects of the first embodiment, such as non-adjustable vibration parameters, poor working condition adaptability, and low versatility, and greatly improves the overall machining adaptability and operational stability of the double-head machine tool.

[0042] Please see Figures 10 to 12 A drive gear set 451 is fixedly mounted on the end face of the driven bevel gear 45. The synchronization structure 47 includes a telescopic actuator 471, which is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the machine tool body 1. The output end of the telescopic actuator 471 is rotatably connected to its fixed base. A driven gear set 472 is mounted on the output shaft of the telescopic actuator 471. The telescopic actuator 471 can extend and retract axially, driving the driven gear set 472 to approach or move away from the drive gear set 451, thereby realizing the meshing and disengagement of the driven gear set 472 and the drive gear set 451. The output end of the telescopic actuator 471 is connected to the excitation... A synchronous belt 473 is connected between the rotating shafts 461. The driving gear set 451 and the driven gear set 472 each contain no less than two spur gears with the same module but different numbers of teeth. The spur gears inside the driving gear set 451 are arranged sequentially along the axial direction, and the spur gears inside the driven gear set 472 are also arranged correspondingly along the axial direction. By axially extending and retracting the telescopic actuator 471, the spur gears with different numbers of teeth are switched to mesh with each other, thereby changing the speed transmitted to the excitation shaft 461 and realizing the gear adjustment of the vibration frequency of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41. Only one set of spur gear pairs meshes with each other in the same working state.

[0043] It should be noted that both the driving gear set 451 and the driven gear set 472 adopt a spur gear integrated structure with the same module and multiple tooth number gradients. The consistent gear module can ensure meshing accuracy and smooth transmission, avoiding problems such as transmission jamming, tooth breakage, and excessive noise. The two gear sets are arranged axially correspondingly to form a sliding gear transmission pair. By pairing and meshing gears with different tooth numbers, a variety of fixed transmission ratios can be formed, thereby realizing the speed adjustment of the excitation shaft 461. The driving gear set 451 rotates synchronously and at a constant speed with the driven bevel gear 45, providing constant input power for the shifting transmission. The driven gear set 472, as a sliding driven component, relies on the telescopic actuator 471 to complete the axial position switching and accurately match different tooth number meshing pairs. Meanwhile, by limiting the independent meshing of a single gear pair, the interference and jamming problem caused by the simultaneous meshing of multiple gears can be effectively eliminated, ensuring the safety, stability, and precision of the gear shifting process, and realizing the controllable adaptation and adjustment of vibration frequency. The telescopic actuator 471 can be a cylinder-type linear telescopic drive component. The cylinder body is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the machine tool body 1, and the cylinder output end forms a rotatable output structure, which can output axial linear thrust while allowing the output shaft to follow the driven gear set 472 to make a rotary motion. Of course, other equivalent drive components that can realize axial telescopic and have a rotatable output end can also be used. These are all conventional drive structures in this field and are not specifically limited here.

[0044] As for the specific working principle of the above embodiment two: Based on the overall chip removal and vibration working logic of embodiment one, embodiment two retains the overall structure and working mode of the machine tool body 1, spindle module 2, tool module 3, and chip cleaning module 4 unchanged. The bidirectional positive and negative threaded screw 42 is still directly driven by the motor 43, maintaining a constant speed to continuously push and collect the chips inside the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41 in the center. The basic chip removal and conveying speed of the whole machine always remains stable and is not affected by gear shifting adjustment.

[0045] The core improvement of this embodiment 2 lies in upgrading the synchronous structure 47 of the vibration branch with variable speed to achieve adjustable vibration frequency.

[0046] When the equipment is running, the motor 43 drives the active bevel gear 44 to mesh and drive the driven bevel gear 45 to rotate at a constant speed. The driven bevel gear 45 drives the active gear set 451 with the end face fixed to rotate at a uniform speed, providing stable and constant input power for the speed change structure.

[0047] During actual operation, the cylinder-type linear telescopic drive component 471, acting as the telescopic actuator, outputs axial thrust, driving the driven gear set 472 on the output shaft to move axially. This causes the driven gear set 472 to mesh with the spur gears of different numbers of teeth inside the driving gear set 451. By utilizing the difference in transmission ratio between different gear pairs, the output speed is changed. After switching, the power is stably transmitted to the excitation shaft 461 via the synchronous belt 473, thereby changing the rotational speed of the eccentric counterweight 462. Ultimately, this achieves the gear adjustment of the reciprocating vibration frequency of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing 41. During operation, a single gear pair is always independently engaged, avoiding gear interference, jamming, and tooth breakage.

[0048] In actual machining, roughing produces a large amount of chips that are prone to accumulation and clogging. Switching to a high-speed gear with a large transmission ratio can increase the excitation frequency and enhance chip removal and anti-clogging effects. Finishing produces less chips but requires higher machining precision. Switching to a low-speed gear with a small transmission ratio can reduce vibration frequency and overall machine noise, preventing excessive vibration from affecting bearing machining accuracy. This second embodiment, without altering the original stable chip removal capability, achieves adjustable vibration frequency adaptability to different operating conditions, effectively overcoming the shortcomings of the first embodiment's single vibration parameter and poor versatility, and significantly improving equipment adaptability and operational stability.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0050] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A double-head machine tool for CNC bearing machining, comprising a machine tool body (1), wherein a spindle module (2) and a tool module (3) are integrated and mounted on the machine tool body (1), characterized in that: The spindle module (2) and the tool module (3) are arranged in two sets. Each set of spindle module (2) and tool module (3) is arranged at both ends of the machine tool body (1). The bottom of the machine tool body (1) is provided with a chip cleaning module (4). The chip cleaning module (4) is used to collect the metal chips generated by the two sets of spindle modules (2) and tool modules (3) and to convey, filter and separate the chips. The chip cleaning module (4) includes a U-shaped chip collection groove housing (41) that is slidably connected to the bottom of the machine tool body (1). The bottom of the machine tool body (1) is equipped with a rotatable bidirectional forward and reverse threaded screw (42). The two ends of the bidirectional forward and reverse threaded screw (42) correspond to a set of spindle modules (2) and tool modules (3) at both ends of the machine tool body (1). When the bidirectional forward and reverse threaded screw (42) rotates, it pushes the chips inside the U-shaped chip collection groove housing (41) to the middle position. The transmission structure drives the U-shaped chip collection groove housing (41) to make reciprocating sliding motion and generate vibration. The vibration shakes off the metal chips that are attached to the inner wall of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing (41).

2. The double-head machine tool for CNC bearing machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom two sides of the U-shaped chip collection tank housing (41) are provided with a hollow structure, and a filter screen (411) is installed in the hollow position. A chip drop groove (412) is opened in the middle of the bottom side of the U-shaped chip collection tank housing (41).

3. The double-head machine tool for CNC bearing machining according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the machine tool body (1) is provided with an external collection mechanism. There are two external collection mechanisms. One is used to receive the cutting fluid that leaks from the filter screen (411), and the other is used to collect the metal chips that fall from the chip drop groove (412).

4. The double-head machine tool for CNC bearing machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The machine tool body (1) is symmetrically equipped with motors (43), which are fixedly connected to bidirectional positive and negative threaded screws (42) to drive them to rotate. The bottom of the machine tool body (1) is symmetrically fixedly connected with a screw rotating seat (421). The bidirectional positive and negative threaded screws (42) are rotatably assembled inside the screw rotating seat (421). The bidirectional positive and negative threaded screws (42) are slidably connected to the U-shaped chip collection groove housing (41). An elastic element (422) is fixedly connected between the U-shaped chip collection groove housing (41) and the screw rotating seat (421). The elastic element (422) is used to provide sliding and restoring elastic force for the U-shaped chip collection groove housing (41).

5. A double-head machine tool for CNC bearing machining according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both sides of the motor (43) have a fixed drive bevel gear (44) on their output shafts. The machine tool body (1) has a driven bevel gear (45) symmetrically rotatably connected to its inner wall. The drive bevel gear (44) and the driven bevel gear (45) mesh with each other. An eccentric excitation assembly (46) is provided between the driven bevel gear (45) and the U-shaped chip collection groove housing (41). A synchronization structure (47) is connected between the driven bevel gear (45) and the eccentric excitation assembly (46). The synchronization structure (47) is used to transmit the power of the driven bevel gear (45) to the eccentric excitation assembly (46).

6. A double-head machine tool for CNC bearing machining according to claim 5, characterized in that: The eccentric excitation assembly (46) includes an excitation shaft (461) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the machine tool body (1). An eccentric counterweight (462) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the excitation shaft (461). An impact contact arc block (463) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing (41). The eccentric counterweight (462) rotates synchronously with the excitation shaft (461) and intermittently impacts the impact contact arc block (463). With the reset action of the elastic element (422), the U-shaped chip collection groove housing (41) is driven to generate continuous reciprocating sliding vibration.

7. A double-head machine tool for CNC bearing machining according to claim 6, characterized in that: The eccentric counterweights (462) distributed on the left and right sides are installed with opposite orientations.

8. A double-head machine tool for CNC bearing machining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing (41) is greater than the effective feeding stroke of the bidirectional positive and negative screw (42), which provides sufficient motion margin for the reciprocating sliding vibration of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing (41).

9. A double-head machine tool for CNC bearing machining according to any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that: The driven bevel gear (45) is fixedly mounted on the end face of the driven bevel gear (45). The synchronization structure (47) includes a telescopic actuator (471). The telescopic actuator (471) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the machine tool body (1). The output end of the telescopic actuator (471) is rotatably connected to its fixed base. The output shaft of the telescopic actuator (471) is equipped with a driven gear set (472). The telescopic actuator (471) can extend and retract along the axial direction, driving the driven gear set (472) to approach or move away from the driven gear set (451), thereby realizing the meshing and disengagement of the driven gear set (472) and the driven gear set (451). The output end of the telescopic actuator (471) is connected to the excitation shaft (461) by a synchronous belt (473).

10. A double-head machine tool for CNC bearing machining according to claim 9, characterized in that: The driving gear set (451) and the driven gear set (472) each contain at least two spur gears with the same module but different numbers of teeth. The spur gears inside the driving gear set (451) are arranged sequentially along the axial direction, and the spur gears inside the driven gear set (472) are also arranged correspondingly along the axial direction. By axially extending and retracting the telescopic actuator (471), the spur gears with different numbers of teeth are switched to mesh with each other, thereby changing the rotational speed transmitted to the excitation shaft (461) and realizing the gear adjustment of the vibration frequency of the U-shaped chip collection groove housing (41). Under the same working condition, only one set of spur gear pairs meshes with each other for transmission.

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