Paste dense filling device for mine and construction method

Abstract

The application discloses a paste dense filling device for a mine and a construction method, relates to the technical field of mine filling and mining, and comprises a unit sealing wall arranged at a roadway port, a grouting pipe arranged on the unit sealing wall, an exhaust pipe arranged on the top of the unit sealing wall, and at least two sleeve valve pipes arranged on the two sides of a roadway and the roof of the roadway, wherein the unit sealing wall, the inside of the roadway, the roof and the floor of the roadway jointly enclose a filling unit, at least two slurry outlets are arranged on the sleeve valve pipes, the slurry outlets are arranged in correspondence with the corner of the surrounding rock of the roadway and the blind area on the top of the roadway, and the slurry can not only be filled through the grouting pipe on the unit sealing wall, but also be filled through the multiple slurry outlets on the sleeve valve pipes which are deep into the corner of the surrounding rock and the blind area on the top, so that accurate point grouting is performed on the special-shaped space which is difficult to reach by the traditional process, and the problem of non-dense filling of the corner is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine filling technology, specifically to a paste compaction filling device and construction method for mines. Background Technology

[0002] In existing coal mine and non-coal mine roadways and goaf backfilling construction, conventional backfilling processes mostly adopt a single pipeline centralized grouting method, with a simple pipeline layout and imperfect venting structure. In actual backfilling operations, it is very easy to form a closed air accumulation zone at the top of the backfilling unit, resulting in the paste not being able to fully fill the top space, and generally having problems such as insufficient roof contact rate and large residual voids at the top.

[0003] Meanwhile, traditional filling methods rely solely on the central pipeline for overall grout injection. However, irregularly shaped blind areas such as the sides, corners, and edges of the roadway have poor spatial fluidity, making it difficult for the grout to reach these areas. This results in incomplete filling at the edges and corners, and numerous local voids. After the grout solidifies, the overall uniformity of the filling body is poor, making it prone to later-stage settlement, cracking, and delamination under ground pressure. This severely reduces the overall support strength and surrounding rock control effect of the filling body in the goaf.

[0004] Existing technologies lack targeted corner grouting structures and closed-loop construction systems for pressure stabilization and quantity control. Conventional processes cannot simultaneously address multiple industry pain points such as air accumulation at the top, incomplete filling at the corners, low filling density, and poor later-stage stability. Construction quality control is poor and standardization is low, making it difficult to meet the current requirements of high-density, high-roof-connection, and high-stability filling and support construction in mines.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to develop and design a paste compaction filling device and construction method for mines to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings. This is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a paste compaction filling device and construction method for mines, which features a reasonable structural layout, controllable construction, high filling density, and good roof connection effect.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: A paste compaction filling device for mines includes a unit sealed wall at the entrance of a roadway, a grouting pipe installed on the unit sealed wall, an exhaust pipe installed on the top of the unit sealed wall, and at least two sleeve valve pipes installed on the side walls and the top plate of the roadway. The unit sealed wall, the inside of the roadway, the top plate, and the bottom plate of the roadway together form a filling unit. The sleeve valve pipes have at least two grout outlet holes, which are set corresponding to the corners of the surrounding rock and the blind area at the top of the roadway.

[0008] Preferably, the sleeve valve tubes are arranged in a spiral pattern on the sidewall and the roof.

[0009] Preferably, a rubber sealing sleeve is fitted on the sleeve valve tube at the position corresponding to the slurry outlet hole.

[0010] Preferably, the feed sections of both the grouting pipe and the sleeve valve pipe are connected to a filling paste storage device located on the side of the unit's sealed wall away from the filling unit.

[0011] Preferably, the grouting pipe is provided in the middle of the unit sealed wall along the width direction of the roadway, and the grouting pipe is located near the top plate.

[0012] Preferably, at least two exhaust pipes are provided along the width of the tunnel and are evenly distributed on the unit's sealed wall.

[0013] Preferably, the exhaust pipe is located at the top of the unit's sealed wall.

[0014] Preferably, at least two pressure sensors are provided on the top plate, and the pressure sensors are electrically connected to a control system located on the side of the unit's sealed wall away from the filling unit.

[0015] This invention also discloses a construction method for a paste compaction filling device for mines, characterized by comprising the following steps: Divide the filling units, install sleeve valve pipes, and install unit sealing walls at designated locations; An exhaust pipe and a grouting pipe are installed on the sealed wall of the unit. The filling paste is delivered into the filling unit through the grouting pipe; Once the filling unit is determined to be full, filling is stopped. After the filling paste has solidified, it is injected into the gaps at the edges and corners of the surrounding rock and the residual cavity at the top of the filling unit through the sleeve valve pipe.

[0016] Preferably, when the sleeve valve tube is filled with grout, the internal pressure of the filling unit is maintained at 2MPa to 4MPa.

[0017] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: By coordinating the unit sealed walls, grouting pipes, venting pipes, and multiple sleeve valve pipes pre-installed in the sidewalls and roof, a three-dimensional, multi-point grouting filling unit structure was constructed. During construction, the grout can not only be used for main filling through the grouting pipes on the sealed walls, but also for precise point grouting in irregularly shaped spaces that are difficult to reach by traditional processes through multiple grout outlet holes on the sleeve valve pipes that penetrate deep into the corners of the surrounding rock and the blind areas at the top. This effectively solves the problem of incomplete filling at the corners. At the same time, the venting pipes set at the top of the unit sealed walls can continuously exhaust the accumulated air in the closed area during the filling process, significantly eliminating air cavitation at the top, thereby greatly improving the roof contact rate and overall uniformity of the filling body. After solidification, it can effectively resist ground pressure settlement and delamination, ultimately achieving a high-strength, high-density, and high-stability support effect for the goaf filling body. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Appendix Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view and structural schematic diagram of the paste compaction filling device for mines disclosed in this invention; Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main view structure of the paste compaction filling device for mines disclosed in this invention; The components include: 1. Exhaust pipe; 2. Grouting pipe; 3. Unit sealed wall; 4. Filling unit; 5. Sleeve valve pipe; 6. Rubber sealing sleeve; 7. Pressure sensor; 8. Top plate; 9. Bottom plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] The purpose of this invention is to provide a paste compaction filling device and construction method for mines, which has a reasonable structural layout, controllable construction, high filling density, and good roof connection effect.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] refer to Figures 1-2The mine paste compaction filling device disclosed in this embodiment of the invention includes at least a unit sealed wall 3 set at the entrance of the roadway. A grouting pipe 2 and an exhaust pipe 1 are installed on the unit sealed wall 3. At least two sleeve valve pipes 5 are installed on both sides of the roadway and on the roof 8. The unit sealed wall 3, the inside of the roadway (i.e., the roadway has stopped excavation and is in a closed state, with the end furthest from the unit sealed wall 3 being the inside), the roof 8, and the bottom 9 of the roadway together form a filling unit 4. At least two grout outlet holes are opened on the sleeve valve pipes 5, corresponding to the corners of the roadway surrounding rock and the blind area at the top of the roadway (the blind area at the top of the roadway refers to the corner area where the roof 8 meets the upper ends of the two sides of the roadway, and the uneven areas of the roof 8, which are process dead zones where the flowability of conventional grouting slurry is limited and difficult to be effectively filled and compacted by paste). The coordinated arrangement of the sealed wall 3, grouting pipe 2, venting pipe 1, and multiple sleeve valve pipes 5 pre-installed in the two sides and the roof 8 constructs a three-dimensional, multi-point grouting filling unit 4 structure. During construction, the grout can not only be used for main filling through the grouting pipe 2 on the sealed wall 3, but also for precise grouting in irregularly shaped spaces that are difficult to reach by traditional processes through multiple grout outlet holes on the sleeve valve pipes 5 that penetrate deep into the corners of the surrounding rock and the blind area at the top. This effectively solves the problem of incomplete filling at the corners. At the same time, the venting pipe 1 set at the top of the sealed wall 3 can continuously exhaust the accumulated air in the closed area during the filling process, significantly eliminating the top air cavitation, thereby greatly improving the top contact rate and overall uniformity of the filling body. After solidification, it can effectively resist ground pressure settlement and delamination, ultimately achieving a high-strength, high-density, and high-stability support effect for the filling body in the goaf.

[0024] It should be noted that the size of the filling unit 4 is determined by the location of the unit sealing wall 3. In this embodiment, the roadway cross-section is rectangular, with a roadway width of 4.2m and a height of 3.8m. A vacant goaf area with a length of 15m is selected as the independent filling unit 4.

[0025] refer to Figures 1-2 As one implementation method, the sleeve valve pipe 5 is arranged in a spiral shape on the roadway side and roof 8, and the sleeve valve pipe 5 is set close to the roadway side and roof 8. By arranging the sleeve valve pipe 5 in a spiral shape on the roadway side and roof 8 and setting it close to the surrounding rock surface, the grout outlet can accurately cover the top corner, shoulder socket and other irregular blind areas, so as to achieve all-round filling and roof connection of the filling space without dead angles.

[0026] It should be noted that the sleeve valve pipe 5 is arranged close to the surrounding rock wall and in the corner blind area, and is specially designed to reserve grouting channels for areas that are difficult to cover by conventional grouting, such as the inside corner of the tunnel, the triangular gap at the top, and the uneven gap of the surrounding rock.

[0027] As one implementation method, a rubber sealing sleeve 6 is fitted on the sleeve valve pipe 5 at the position corresponding to the grout outlet. By fitting the rubber sealing sleeve 6 at the grout outlet of the sleeve valve pipe 5, the elastic contraction characteristics of the rubber sleeve are utilized to passively open under grouting pressure to achieve precise grout outlet. During grouting intervals or at the end, the sleeve automatically closes to seal the outlet, effectively preventing grout backflow and backflow of surrounding rock fissure water and mud into the sleeve valve pipe 5. This ensures that the grout is injected unidirectionally and orderly into the surrounding rock blind zone in the designed direction, significantly improving the directional accuracy and segmented controllability of grouting. At the same time, it avoids pipeline blockage and ensures the smoothness and reliability of the spirally arranged sleeve valve pipe 5 in long-cycle, multi-round grouting operations.

[0028] refer to Figures 1-2 In one implementation method, the feed sections of the grouting pipe 2 and the sleeve valve pipe 5 are connected to the filling paste storage device located on the side of the unit sealed wall 3 away from the filling unit 4. By connecting the feed sections of the grouting pipe 2 and all the sleeve valve pipes 5 in parallel to the same filling paste storage device outside the unit sealed wall 3, a multi-source integrated grouting system is constructed. This not only simplifies the layout of underground pipelines and reduces the space occupied by equipment, but also realizes the synchronous and coordinated operation of main filling and corner grouting. During construction, the grouting sequence and flow rate of each pipeline can be flexibly adjusted according to the internal pressure feedback of the filling unit 4. This ensures rapid filling of the main space and allows for fixed-point pressure stabilization grouting for the top and corner blind areas, thereby greatly improving the continuity, operational flexibility and quality consistency of the entire filling construction process.

[0029] It should be noted that the grouting pipe 2 and the sleeve valve pipe 5 are connected to the filling paste storage device through the grouting pump.

[0030] refer to Figures 1-2 As a preferred approach, a grouting pipe 2 is installed in the middle of the unit sealed wall 3 along the width of the roadway. The grouting pipe 2 is positioned close to the roof 8, allowing the main filling paste to be injected first from the central area of ​​the top of the filling unit 4. The paste's own weight and pumping pressure enable a radial natural diffusion from the center to both sides and from top to bottom, effectively avoiding the problems of long grout flow, high resistance, segregation and sedimentation caused by traditional low-position or lateral grouting. At the same time, this high-position central arrangement can prioritize the saturation filling of the top space, and with the timely discharge of accumulated air by the exhaust pipe 1, it significantly improves the roof connection rate and provides a uniform initial filling foundation for the subsequent corner grouting of the sleeve valve pipe 5, thus achieving efficient coordination between the main filling and local grouting.

[0031] refer to Figures 1-2As one implementation method, at least two exhaust pipes 1 are set along the width of the tunnel and are evenly arranged on the unit sealed wall 3, forming a multi-point, symmetrical top exhaust network. This enables multi-point synchronous or alternating exhaust of the closed air zone during the filling process, effectively shortening the length of each exhaust path and avoiding exhaust dead zones caused by excessive local air resistance or the grease blocking the pipe opening of a single exhaust pipe 1. This ensures that the air in the top space is continuously and fully discharged.

[0032] refer to Figures 1-2 As one implementation method, the exhaust pipe 1 is set at the top of the unit's sealed wall 3, that is, the exhaust pipe 1 is located at the extreme position at the top of the cavity, so that the exhaust port is always at the highest point of the closed space. Utilizing the physical property that the density of gas is less than that of grout, it is ensured that the air accumulated in the cavity naturally converges to the highest point under the action of buoyancy and is preferentially discharged from the pipe opening, thus preventing the formation of air-filled cavities at the top. At the same time, when the grout level rises to the height of the pipe opening, the exhaust pipe 1 can also serve as an overflow observation pipe. The grout discharge signal at the pipe opening can accurately determine that the top space has been completely filled with grout, thereby providing a clear and reliable on-site criterion for stopping grouting and effectively ensuring the accurate achievement of the top connection rate.

[0033] refer to Figures 1-2 As one implementation method, at least two pressure sensors 7 are installed on the top plate 8. The pressure sensors 7 are electrically connected to the control system located on the side of the unit sealed wall 3 away from the filling unit 4, thus constructing a real-time pressure monitoring and closed-loop control system for the filling process. This multi-point pressure sensing network can synchronously capture the grout pressure distribution data of different areas of the top and dynamically feed it back to the control system. The control system adaptively adjusts the grouting rate and opening and closing sequence of each grouting pipe 2 (including grouting pipe 2 and sleeve valve pipe 5) according to the preset pressure threshold, realizing segmented and controllable pressure-stabilized filling and grouting operations. This effectively avoids the phenomenon of top plate 8 instability or incomplete filling caused by local pressure anomalies, and greatly improves the automation level and quality reliability of the filling construction.

[0034] This invention also discloses a construction method for a paste compaction filling device for mines, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Division of Filling Unit 4 and Layout of Piping and Equipment: Based on the actual dimensions of the underground roadway, the stability of the surrounding rock, and the convenience of filling construction, the goaf area is independently divided into standard filling units 4. Peripheral sleeve valve pipes 5 are installed in the filling unit 4. Multiple sleeve valve pipes 5 are evenly installed around the surrounding rock of the roadway sides and roof 8 on both sides of the filling unit 4, so that the sleeve valve pipes 5 are closely attached to the surrounding rock wall and the blind area at the corner. At the same time, a high-precision pressure sensor 7 is installed in the top area of ​​the filling unit 4 and connected to the underground pressure monitoring terminal. Step 2: Construct unit airtight wall 3: Grouting pipe 2 is laid at the central axis along the width of the tunnel and close to the top plate 8 of the tunnel. Its feed end extends to the side of the subsequent unit airtight wall 3 away from the filling unit 4. Exhaust pipe 1 is laid at the highest point of the top of the unit airtight wall 3. After the pipeline and monitoring equipment are laid and verified to be firmly fixed, high-strength unit airtight wall 3 is built at the port of filling unit 4, so that the entire filling unit 4 forms a completely sealed independent filling cavity. After the wall is built, it is left to cure for 2 hours. The wall is checked for cracks, air holes, and leaks to confirm that the airtight performance meets the standards. Unit 3 is constructed using special flame-retardant and high-strength sealing materials for underground use. The contact surface between the wall and the surrounding rock of the tunnel is compacted and sealed. The pipe penetration points in the wall are meticulously sealed to prevent slurry leakage, gas leakage, and pressure loss.

[0035] Step 3: Filling Unit 4 Main Body Ointment Injection Operation: By connecting the external grouting pump to the grouting pipe 2, the special filling paste for mines is continuously pumped into the sealed filling unit 4, maintaining low pressure and uniform speed injection; the air inside the cavity of the filling unit 4 is continuously discharged from the top exhaust pipe 1 as the paste liquid level rises. When the top exhaust pipe 1 continuously flows out uniform paste without gas impurities, it is determined that the main space of the filling unit 4 is basically filled, the grouting operation of the middle grouting pipe 2 is stopped and the valve is closed, and the paste is left to stand and wait for the paste to set naturally. Step 4: Static pressure grouting operation of sleeve valve pipe 5 around the surrounding rock: After the main filling paste has completely solidified and formed, the sleeve valve pipe 5 static pressure grouting system is started. The sleeve valve pipe 5 is arranged around the perimeter to fill the gaps at the corners of the surrounding rock of the filling unit 4 and the residual cavity at the top. The low-speed, stable pressure grouting mode is used to accurately fill various hidden gaps and corner cavities. Step 5: Stabilize pressure and control grouting volume to terminate grouting and complete the filling construction: During the grouting process of sleeve valve pipe 5, the grouting pressure inside the cavity is monitored in real time by pressure sensor 7, and the grouting flow rate is monitored in real time by flow meter. Continuous pressure grouting is carried out until the grouting flow rate is consistently less than 0.1L / min, and the pressure inside the cavity is consistently maintained at 3MPa with a pressure fluctuation error of no more than ±0.05MPa. After maintaining this stable pressure and low flow rate state for no less than 5 minutes, it is determined that all voids inside the filling unit 4 are completely filled, the compactness of the filling body meets the standard, and the top joint is completely adhered. This changes the traditional extensive mode of judging the end of construction based on experience, and realizes the standardization, data-driven, and traceability of filling construction quality, with extremely strong construction controllability. Then close the grouting valve of sleeve valve pipe 5, stop the grouting operation, and complete the efficient and dense top filling construction of this filling unit 4.

[0036] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A paste-filling device for mines, characterized in that, The system includes a unit sealed wall (3) at the entrance of the tunnel, a grouting pipe (2) installed in the unit sealed wall (3), an exhaust pipe (1) installed on the top of the unit sealed wall (3), and at least two sleeve valve pipes (5) installed on the side walls of the tunnel and the top plate (8) of the tunnel. The unit sealed wall (3), the inside of the tunnel, the top plate (8) and the bottom plate (9) of the tunnel together form a filling unit (4). At least two grout outlet holes are provided on the sleeve valve pipes (5). The grout outlet holes are provided corresponding to the corners of the surrounding rock of the tunnel and the blind area at the top of the tunnel.

2. The mine paste compaction filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sleeve valve tube (5) is arranged in a spiral shape on the sidewall and the roof plate (8).

3. The mine paste compaction filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rubber sealing sleeve (6) is fitted on the sleeve valve tube (5) at the position corresponding to the slurry outlet hole.

4. The mine paste compaction filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding sections of the grouting pipe (2) and the sleeve valve pipe (5) are both connected to the filling paste storage device located on the side of the unit's sealed wall (3) away from the filling unit (4).

5. The paste compaction filling device for mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unit sealed wall (3) is provided with the grouting pipe (2) in the middle of the width direction of the roadway, and the grouting pipe (2) is located near the top plate (8).

6. The paste compaction filling device for mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least two exhaust pipes (1) are provided along the width direction of the alleyway and are evenly distributed on the unit sealed wall (3).

7. The mine paste compaction filling device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust pipe (1) is located on top of the unit's sealed wall (3).

8. The paste compaction filling device for mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least two pressure sensors (7) are provided on the top plate (8), and the pressure sensors (7) are electrically connected to the control system located on the side of the unit sealing wall (3) away from the filling unit (4).

9. A construction method for a paste compaction filling device for mines, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Divide the filling unit (4), set the sleeve valve pipe (5), and set the unit sealing wall (3) at the designated location; An exhaust pipe (1) and a grouting pipe (2) are installed on the sealed wall (3) of the unit. The filling paste is delivered into the filling unit (4) through the grouting pipe (2); Once the filling unit (4) is determined to be full, filling is stopped. After the filling paste solidifies and takes shape, it is filled into the gaps at the edges and corners of the surrounding rock and the residual cavity at the top of the filling unit (4) through the sleeve valve pipe (5).

10. The construction method of the mine paste compaction filling device according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the sleeve valve tube (5) is filled with grout, the internal pressure of the cavity of the filling unit (4) is maintained at 2MPa to 4MPa.

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