A heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer and a manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of transformers, in particular to a heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer and a manufacturing method thereof, which comprises a transformer body, each side of the transformer body is provided with multiple groups of corrugated heat dissipation fins, a clamping structure is arranged between the transformer body and the corrugated heat dissipation fins, the corrugated heat dissipation fins can rotate and adhere to the side of the transformer body through the clamping structure, a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface are arranged at the two ends of the corrugated heat dissipation fin, the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface on two adjacent groups of the corrugated heat dissipation fins are in abutment and adaptation, and an elastic locking assembly is arranged on the transformer body and cooperates with a second convex shaft arranged on one group of the corrugated heat dissipation fins, so that the corrugated heat dissipation fin can generate an acting force towards the transformer body and the corrugated heat dissipation fin adjacent to the transformer body, thereby facilitating the transportation of the transformer and guaranteeing the heat dissipation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transformer technology, specifically to a heat dissipation structure for a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] Oil-immersed transformers are an indispensable core device in power systems. During operation, they generate a large amount of heat, which needs to be dissipated in a timely manner through heat sinks to ensure the life of insulation materials and the reliability of equipment operation. Currently, most transformer heat sinks are directly fixed to the side of the transformer body by welding to form an integrated structure. However, during long-distance transportation, transformers are subjected to complex external forces such as road bumps and loading and unloading impacts, which may cause the heat sinks welded to the side of the body to bend or deform under stress.

[0003] To address this, some existing technologies have proposed detachable heat sink structures. These structures involve attaching, plugging, or bolting the heat sink to the side of the transformer body, allowing it to be removed from the transformer body for separate storage and transport during transportation. This avoids the risk of damage during transport and, to some extent, solves the transportation damage problem inherent in integrated structures.

[0004] However, in practical applications, it has been found that to meet heat dissipation requirements, multiple sets of heat sinks are often arranged in rows on the side of the transformer body. These heat sinks are usually pre-installed in rows on the same connecting plate, and then the connecting plate is fixed to the side of the transformer body. Due to the long length of the connecting plate, it is easy for the connecting plate itself to bend and deform under stress due to large deflection during transportation and installation. When the connecting plate and the heat sink are installed together on the side of the transformer body, the bent and deformed connecting plate cannot form a uniform and tight fit with the side wall of the transformer body, resulting in gaps between the two, increasing the contact thermal resistance, weakening the efficiency of the heat sink in conducting heat from the transformer body to the outside, and thus affecting the overall heat dissipation effect and long-term service life of the transformer. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a heat dissipation structure for a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer and its manufacturing method, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A heat dissipation structure for a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer includes:

[0008] The transformer body has multiple sets of corrugated heat sinks on each side.

[0009] A snap-fit ​​structure is provided between the transformer body and the corrugated heat sink, wherein the corrugated heat sink can rotate and fit against the side of the transformer body using the snap-fit ​​structure.

[0010] The first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are disposed at both ends of the corrugated heat sink, and the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface on two adjacent sets of the corrugated heat sink are abutted and adapted.

[0011] An elastic locking component is disposed on the transformer body. The elastic locking component cooperates with a second convex shaft disposed on one of the sets of corrugated heat sinks, enabling the corrugated heat sinks to generate a force toward the transformer body and the adjacent corrugated heat sinks.

[0012] A heat dissipation structure for a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer as described above: the locking structure includes multiple sets of locking members detachably disposed on the side of the transformer body and a first convex shaft disposed on the side of the corrugated heat sink. The locking members are provided with inclined grooves, and the first convex shaft can slide along the inclined grooves.

[0013] The heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer as described above: the corrugated heat sink has an arc-shaped part on the side near the first convex shaft, and the center of the arc-shaped part is coaxial with the central axis of the first convex shaft.

[0014] A heat dissipation structure for a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer as described above: the elastic locking assembly includes an energy storage structure disposed on the transformer body and a locking member connected to the actuating end of the energy storage structure. When the corrugated heat sink rotates around the first convex shaft as the rotation center and drives the second convex shaft to make a circular motion, the second convex shaft abuts and adapts to the locking member.

[0015] A heat dissipation structure for a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer as described above: The energy storage structure includes a hysteresis sleeve disposed on the transformer body and a telescopic shaft slidably disposed within the hysteresis sleeve. A limit ring is disposed on the telescopic shaft, and a cylindrical spring is sleeved on the telescopic shaft. One end of the cylindrical spring is connected to the limit ring, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the hysteresis sleeve.

[0016] A heat dissipation structure for a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer as described above: the telescopic shaft is provided with a limiting groove along its length, the hysteresis sleeve is provided with a limiting block, and the limiting groove and the limiting block are in sliding engagement.

[0017] The heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer as described above: the engaging member is connected to the telescopic shaft, and the engaging member has a third inclined surface and a fourth inclined surface. When the second convex shaft makes a circular motion, it can abut against the third inclined surface and drive the engaging member to move.

[0018] The manufacturing method of the heat dissipation structure of the large-capacity oil-immersed transformer as described above includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Align the first convex shaft on the first corrugated heat sink with the inclined groove on the locking piece and insert it so that the arc-shaped part abuts against the side of the transformer body. Then rotate the corrugated heat sink with the first convex shaft as the rotation center until the corrugated heat sink is attached to the side of the transformer body.

[0020] Step 2: Align the first convex shaft on the second corrugated heat sink with the inclined groove on the corresponding locking part and insert it. Then, deflect the second corrugated heat sink to fit against the side of the transformer body. At this time, the second inclined surface on the second corrugated heat sink can press against the first inclined surface on the first corrugated heat sink.

[0021] Step 3: Repeat steps 1 and 2 above to install the remaining corrugated heat sinks;

[0022] Step 4: When installing the last corrugated heat sink, the second convex shaft on the corrugated heat sink can act on the locking component. At this time, the locking component can lock the second convex shaft, and the installation of all corrugated heat sinks is completed in sequence.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] By setting multiple sets of corrugated heat sinks, the transformer has less deflection and higher rigidity, which makes it more resistant to impact and vibration, preventing bending and deformation during transportation. When the corrugated heat sinks are attached to the transformer body, these shorter and smaller independent corrugated heat sinks can fit better with the side wall of the transformer body, reducing the gap between them and thus ensuring the heat dissipation effect to a certain extent.

[0025] The locking components, first convex shaft, first inclined surface, second inclined surface, and elastic locking assembly ensure that the corrugated heat sink installed later can securely fasten the corrugated heat sink installed earlier. The sequential installation method prevents multiple sets from separating from the transformer body simultaneously during disassembly, thus avoiding damage from falling. Furthermore, the elastic locking assembly generates a squeezing force between adjacent sets, ensuring that both ends of the adjacent sets of corrugated heat sinks exert a force towards the transformer body, further improving the fit between them and the transformer body and ensuring effective heat dissipation. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer.

[0027] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the corrugated heat sink connection state in the heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer when the corrugated heat sink is combined with the locking component.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the locking component in the heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the corrugated heat sink structure in the heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the corrugated heat sink from another angle in the heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure at the contact point when two sets of corrugated heat sinks are in contact in the heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a heat dissipation structure for a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer, showing the combination of an elastic locking component and a corrugated heat sink.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic locking component in the heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the locking component in the heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Transformer body; 2. Corrugated heat sink; 201. First convex shaft; 202. First inclined surface; 203. Second inclined surface; 204. Second convex shaft; 205. Arc-shaped part; 3. Locking part; 301. Inclined groove; 4. Hysteresis sleeve; 5. Telescopic shaft; 501. Limiting ring; 502. Limiting groove; 6. Columnar spring; 7. Engaging part; 701. Third inclined surface; 702. Fourth inclined surface. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0038] Please see Figures 1-10As an embodiment of the present invention, the heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer includes: a transformer body 1, a locking structure, a first inclined surface 202 and a second inclined surface 203, and an elastic locking component.

[0039] Each side of the transformer body 1 is provided with multiple sets of corrugated heat sinks 2. Compared with using a single corrugated heat sink 2 that is long and has a large area, this application makes it into multiple sets of independent corrugated heat sinks 2 that are shorter and have a smaller area. This form of multiple sets of independent corrugated heat sinks 2 makes the corrugated heat sinks 2 have less deflection and higher rigidity, so that they have stronger impact and vibration resistance, preventing bending and deformation under stress during transportation. Moreover, when the corrugated heat sinks 2 are attached to the transformer body 1, these independent corrugated heat sinks 2 that are shorter and have a smaller area can fit better with the side wall of the transformer body 1, reducing the gap between the two, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation effect to a certain extent.

[0040] It should be noted that the corrugated heat sink 2 mentioned above is made of aluminum alloy.

[0041] The engaging structure is disposed between the transformer body 1 and the corrugated heat sink 2. The corrugated heat sink 2 can rotate and fit against the side of the transformer body 1 using the engaging structure. The engaging structure includes multiple sets of locking members 3 detachably disposed on the side of the transformer body 1 and a first convex shaft 201 disposed on the side of the corrugated heat sink 2. The locking member 3 is provided with an inclined groove 301, and the first convex shaft 201 can slide along the inclined groove 301.

[0042] The corrugated heat sink 2 has an arc-shaped portion 205 on the side near the first convex shaft 201, and the center of the arc-shaped portion 205 is coaxial with the central axis of the first convex shaft 201.

[0043] During assembly, the first convex shaft 201 on the corrugated heat sink 2 is aligned with the inclined slot 301 and inserted. At this time, the first convex shaft 201 will move along the length direction of the inclined slot 301 until the arc-shaped part 205 abuts against the side wall of the transformer body 1. When the corrugated heat sink 2 is rotated with the first convex shaft 201, the corrugated heat sink 2 and the transformer body 1 can be tightly fitted together to fix one end of the corrugated heat sink 2.

[0044] When the arc-shaped portion 205 abuts against the side wall of the transformer body 1, the first convex shaft 201 does not move to the end of the inclined groove 301. After the multiple sets of corrugated heat sinks 2 are installed, the elastic locking assembly will give the corrugated heat sink 2 a force toward the locking member 3, so that the first convex shaft 201 has a tendency to continue moving along the inclined groove 301 (not actual displacement). This not only ensures the limiting effect of the inclined groove 301 on the first convex shaft 201 and ensures the installation strength of the corrugated heat sink 2, but also, with the cooperation of the inclined groove 301 and the first convex shaft 201, the corrugated heat sink 2 generates a force toward the side of the transformer body 1, which can increase the contact force between the two, reduce the gap between them, and improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0045] Please see Figure 2 , Figures 5-6 The first inclined surface 202 and the second inclined surface 203 are disposed at both ends of the corrugated heat sink 2, and the first inclined surface 202 and the second inclined surface 203 on two adjacent sets of the corrugated heat sink 2 are in contact and adapted to each other.

[0046] After the first corrugated heat sink 2 is placed in place, the same steps are followed to insert the first convex shaft 201 on the second corrugated heat sink 2 into the corresponding inclined groove 301. At this time, the second corrugated heat sink 2 can press the end of the first corrugated heat sink 2 away from the first convex shaft 201. At this time, both ends of the first corrugated heat sink 2 are fixed. Specifically, when the second corrugated heat sink 2 rotates with the first convex shaft 201 to fit against the transformer body 1, the first inclined surface 202 on the first corrugated heat sink 2 can be pressed against the side wall of the transformer body 1 by the second inclined surface 203 on the second corrugated heat sink 2. That is, when installing the next set of corrugated heat sinks 2, it can be ensured that both sides of the previous set of corrugated heat sinks 2 are fixed. This sequential installation method can ensure that they are also removed in sequence during the subsequent disassembly process, thereby preventing multiple sets of corrugated heat sinks 2 from separating from the transformer body 1 at the same time during disassembly, which could cause the corrugated heat sinks 2 to fall and be damaged.

[0047] Furthermore, after all the corrugated heat sinks 2 are installed, the elastic locking assembly can exert a force on the corrugated heat sink 2 located at the end towards the adjacent corrugated heat sink 2. At this time, the second inclined surface 203 on the first set of corrugated heat sinks 2 will exert a squeezing force on the first inclined surface 202 on the second set of corrugated heat sinks 2. This squeezing force can cause the second set of corrugated heat sinks 2 to generate two vertical components. One component can cause the second set of corrugated heat sinks 2 to tend to move towards the locking member 3. With the cooperation of the first convex shaft 201 and the inclined groove 301, one end of the second set of corrugated heat sinks 2 has a tendency to press towards the transformer body 1, while the other component can cause the other end of the second set of corrugated heat sinks 2 to have a tendency to press towards the transformer body 1. Under the action of the two vertical components, the corrugated heat sinks 2 have a more tightly fitting force with the side of the transformer body 1, thereby ensuring the fit between the two and improving the subsequent heat dissipation effect.

[0048] Please see Figures 1-2 , Figures 8-10 The elastic locking assembly is disposed on the transformer body 1. The elastic locking assembly cooperates with the second convex shaft 204 disposed on one of the corrugated heat sinks 2, enabling the corrugated heat sink 2 to generate a force toward the transformer body 1 and the adjacent corrugated heat sink 2. Specifically, the elastic locking assembly includes an energy storage structure disposed on the transformer body 1 and a locking member 7 connected to the actuating end of the energy storage structure. When the corrugated heat sink 2 rotates around the first convex shaft 201 as the rotation center and drives the second convex shaft 204 to perform circumferential motion, the second convex shaft 204 abuts and adapts to the locking member 7.

[0049] The elastic force provided by the energy storage structure enables the engagement member 7 to exert a relative force on the second convex shaft 204 after the second convex shaft 204 abuts against the engagement member 7. This force enables the first set of corrugated heat sinks 2 to exert a force toward the second set of corrugated heat sinks 2, so as to maintain the stable connection between each set of corrugated heat sinks 2 and the transformer body 1.

[0050] It should be noted that among the multiple sets of corrugated heat sinks 2, only the last corrugated heat sink 2 installed has a second convex shaft 204.

[0051] The energy storage structure includes a hysteresis sleeve 4 disposed on the transformer body 1 and a telescopic shaft 5 slidably disposed within the hysteresis sleeve 4. A limit ring 501 is disposed on the telescopic shaft 5, and a cylindrical spring 6 is sleeved on the telescopic shaft 5. One end of the cylindrical spring 6 is connected to the limit ring 501, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the hysteresis sleeve 4.

[0052] The telescopic shaft 5 is provided with a limiting groove 502 along its length direction, and the hysteresis sleeve 4 is provided with a limiting block. The limiting groove 502 and the limiting block are in sliding cooperation.

[0053] In this embodiment, initially, the cylindrical spring 6 is compressed. When the last set of corrugated heat sinks 2 rotates around the first convex shaft 201 and drives the second convex shaft 204 to make a circular motion, it can abut against the locking member 7. At this time, the locking member 7 can move aside and pull the telescopic shaft 5 to compress the cylindrical spring 6. After the last set of corrugated heat sinks 2 is installed in place, the cylindrical spring 6 actively pulls the locking member 7 to reset so that the locking member 7 can abut against the second convex shaft 204, thereby locking the last set of corrugated heat sinks 2 and making the set of corrugated heat sinks 2 generate a force toward the adjacent corrugated heat sinks 2, thereby ensuring the installation strength of each set of corrugated heat sinks 2 and the fitting effect with the side of the transformer body 1.

[0054] The engaging member 7 is connected to the telescopic shaft 5, and the engaging member 7 has a third inclined surface 701 and a fourth inclined surface 702. When the second convex shaft 204 makes a circular motion, it can abut against the third inclined surface 701 and drive the engaging member 7 to move.

[0055] When the last set of corrugated heat sink 2 rotates around the first convex shaft 201, causing the second convex shaft 204 to move in a circular motion, the second convex shaft 204 can abut against the third inclined surface 701. If the corrugated heat sink 2 continues to rotate at this time, the second convex shaft 204 can move along the third inclined surface 701, causing the engaging member 7 to pull the telescopic shaft 5 to move, thus compressing the cylindrical spring 6. When the second convex shaft 204 moves to abut against the fourth inclined surface 702, the engaging member 7 will reset a certain amount of travel. However, compared to the initial state, the cylindrical spring 6 is still in a state of further stretching, i.e. The elastic force generated by the cylindrical spring 6 can be transmitted to the engaging part 7 through the telescopic shaft 5, and the fourth inclined surface 702 can exert pressure on the second convex shaft 204. At this time, the fourth inclined surface 702 can make the second convex shaft 204 exert a force toward the transformer body 1 and toward another set of corrugated heat sinks 2, so as to ensure the fit between the last set of corrugated heat sinks 2 and the side wall of the transformer body 1, and at the same time, to make the two adjacent sets of corrugated heat sinks 2 have a certain squeezing force, so as to ensure the installation strength of the corrugated heat sinks 2 installed first and the fit between them and the side wall of the transformer body 1.

[0056] As an embodiment of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a heat dissipation structure for a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer as described above is proposed, comprising the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: Align the first convex shaft 201 on the first corrugated heat sink 2 with the inclined groove 301 on the locking member 3 and insert it, so that the arc-shaped part 205 abuts against the side of the transformer body 1. Then rotate the corrugated heat sink 2 with the first convex shaft 201 as the rotation center until the corrugated heat sink 2 is attached to the side of the transformer body 1.

[0058] Step 2: Align the first convex shaft 201 on the second corrugated heat sink 2 with the inclined groove 301 on the corresponding locking member 3 and insert it. Then, deflect the second corrugated heat sink 2 to fit against the side of the transformer body 1. At this time, the second inclined surface 203 on the second corrugated heat sink 2 can press against the first inclined surface 202 on the first corrugated heat sink 2.

[0059] Step 3: Repeat steps 1 and 2 above to install the remaining corrugated heat sink 2;

[0060] Step 4: When installing the last corrugated heat sink 2, the second convex shaft 204 on the corrugated heat sink 2 can act on the locking member 7. At this time, the locking member 7 can lock the second convex shaft 204, and the installation of all corrugated heat sinks 2 is completed in sequence.

[0061] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0062] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation structure for a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer, characterized in that, include: The transformer body has multiple sets of corrugated heat sinks on each side. A snap-fit ​​structure is provided between the transformer body and the corrugated heat sink, wherein the corrugated heat sink can rotate and fit against the side of the transformer body using the snap-fit ​​structure. The first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are disposed at both ends of the corrugated heat sink, and the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface on two adjacent sets of the corrugated heat sink are abutted and adapted. An elastic locking component is disposed on the transformer body. The elastic locking component cooperates with a second convex shaft disposed on one of the sets of corrugated heat sinks, enabling the corrugated heat sinks to generate a force toward the transformer body and the adjacent corrugated heat sinks.

2. The heat dissipation structure for a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking structure includes multiple sets of detachable locking components disposed on the side of the transformer body and a first convex shaft disposed on the side of the corrugated heat sink. The locking components are provided with inclined grooves, and the first convex shaft can slide along the inclined grooves.

3. The heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The corrugated heat sink has an arc-shaped portion on the side near the first convex shaft, and the center of the arc-shaped portion is coaxial with the central axis of the first convex shaft.

4. The heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic locking assembly includes an energy storage structure disposed on the transformer body and a locking member connected to the actuating end of the energy storage structure. When the corrugated heat sink rotates around the first convex shaft as the rotation center and drives the second convex shaft to make a circular motion, the second convex shaft abuts and adapts to the locking member.

5. The heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer according to claim 4, characterized in that, The energy storage structure includes a hysteresis sleeve disposed on the transformer body and a telescopic shaft slidably disposed within the hysteresis sleeve. A limit ring is disposed on the telescopic shaft, and a cylindrical spring is sleeved on the telescopic shaft. One end of the cylindrical spring is connected to the limit ring, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the hysteresis sleeve.

6. The heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The telescopic shaft is provided with a limiting groove along its length, and the hysteresis sleeve is provided with a limiting block, with the limiting groove and the limiting block slidingly engaged.

7. The heat dissipation structure for a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The engaging member is connected to the telescopic shaft, and a third inclined surface and a fourth inclined surface are formed on the engaging member. When the second convex shaft makes a circular motion, it can abut against the third inclined surface and drive the engaging member to move.

8. The method for manufacturing the heat dissipation structure of a large-capacity oil-immersed transformer as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Align the first convex shaft on the first corrugated heat sink with the inclined groove on the locking piece and insert it so that the arc-shaped part abuts against the side of the transformer body. Then rotate the corrugated heat sink with the first convex shaft as the rotation center until the corrugated heat sink is attached to the side of the transformer body. Step 2: Align the first convex shaft on the second corrugated heat sink with the inclined groove on the corresponding locking part and insert it. Then, deflect the second corrugated heat sink to fit against the side of the transformer body. At this time, the second inclined surface on the second corrugated heat sink can press against the first inclined surface on the first corrugated heat sink. Step 3: Repeat steps 1 and 2 above to install the remaining corrugated heat sinks; Step 4: When installing the last corrugated heat sink, the second convex shaft on the corrugated heat sink can act on the locking component. At this time, the locking component can lock the second convex shaft, and the installation of all corrugated heat sinks is completed in sequence.

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