Switch cabinet pressure relief channel directional flow guiding and limiting protection structure

Abstract

The application discloses a switch cabinet pressure relief channel directional flow guiding and limiting protection structure, which comprises a protection mechanism arranged at a pressure relief port of a top portion of a cabinet body of the switch cabinet; the protection mechanism comprises a pressure relief port mounting plate, lateral supporting plates, a hysteresis linkage locking assembly, a differential limiting assembly, a protection assembly and an elastic trigger reset assembly; the two lateral supporting plates initially block the pressure relief port and rotate away from each other under the action of pressure relief gas, so that the pressure relief port is first formed into an opening; a first rotating shaft drives a limiting cam to remove the limiting of a moving ring, so that a limiting guide rod extrudes a transverse locking pin, a vertical locking spring drives a vertical locking rod to move upwards and drives a scissor support arm set to be unfolded, so as to jacking up a folding flow guide cover; after the first rotating shaft continues to rotate, an incomplete gear meshes with a transmission gear to drive a linkage rotating shaft to rotate, so that the folding flow guide cover is expanded transversely; the elastic trigger reset assembly forms friction limiting on the linkage rotating shaft, and adjusts the opening angle of the two lateral supporting plates, so that pressure relief gas flow is deflected and guided, and swing is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of switchgear protection technology, and particularly relates to a directional flow guiding and limiting protection structure for pressure relief channels in switchgear. Background Technology

[0002] Switchgear is typically installed in rows in power distribution rooms, prefabricated substations, or factory power distribution rooms. Its top pressure relief vent is used to release high-temperature gas and entrained particles into a designated area when internal arcing, short-circuit arcing, or insulation faults cause pressure increases within the cabinet. In such spaces, the area above the cabinet is often restricted by cable trays, walls, adjacent cabinets, and maintenance access. The pressure relief vent does not simply serve a ventilation function; rather, it opens a pressure relief channel, limits the outward flow of air, and reduces the impact of particle ejection when short-term impact airflow occurs.

[0003] Existing top pressure relief structures mostly employ flaps, covers, or fixed deflectors. Flaps can open under pressure, suitable for quickly releasing pressure inside the cabinet; fixed deflectors can provide some shielding for the exhaust gas, suitable for protecting the external space. However, in scenarios where top space is limited and personnel may be performing maintenance in front of or beside the cabinet, the working conditions for these two types of structures differ: in the initial stage of pressure relief, an opening needs to be formed as quickly as possible, while in the middle and later stages of pressure relief, the shape of the deflector channel needs to be maintained. If the external protective cover unfolds along with the flap during the initial stage of pressure relief, its weight, friction, and support resistance will be superimposed on the opening process of the pressure relief port, causing a lag in the initial opening. If it relies solely on the flap to open freely, the airflow can easily cause the flap and cover to swing back when the pressure pulse decays or rebounds, resulting in changes in the channel cross-section and exhaust direction.

[0004] Therefore, existing conventional cover plates or single-body structures are difficult to differentiate and coordinate for different stages of the process, which can easily lead to problems such as obstruction of the initial opening or instability of the flow guidance in the later stage. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a directional flow guiding and limiting protection structure for the pressure relief channel of a switchgear, which solves the technical problems in the prior art where the protective structure of the pressure relief port on the top of the switchgear has large resistance to unfolding in the early stage of pressure relief, which easily affects the timely formation of the pressure relief port opening, and the protective structure is prone to rotation with air pressure fluctuations during the pressure relief process, resulting in an unstable state of the flow guiding channel.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A directional flow-limiting protection structure for a pressure relief channel of a switchgear includes: a switchgear cabinet with a protection mechanism installed at the pressure relief port on its top; the protection mechanism includes a hysteresis linkage locking component and a differential limit component, and further includes: a mounting base assembly, including a pressure relief port mounting plate fixed to the switchgear cabinet, two first rotating shafts rotatably mounted on the pressure relief port mounting plate, and two lateral support plates respectively fixed to the two first rotating shafts; the two lateral support plates initially block the top pressure relief port and rotate in opposite directions under the action of the pressure relief gas; the first rotating shafts drive the differential limit component to release the locking of the hysteresis linkage locking component, causing the protection component to unfold vertically; an incomplete gear is fixedly installed on the first rotating shaft, and the first rotating shaft drives the hysteresis linkage locking component to rotate through the hysteresis meshing of the incomplete gear, causing the vertically unfolded protection component to expand laterally; the protection component is mounted on the switchgear cabinet; an elastic trigger reset component frictionally engages with the hysteresis linkage locking component to limit the rotation of the protection component with air pressure fluctuations.

[0007] According to some embodiments, the hysteresis linkage locking assembly includes: a linkage support seat, fixedly mounted on the pressure relief port mounting plate, on which a linkage shaft is rotatably mounted; a vertical rotating box, fixedly mounted on the linkage shaft; a vertical locking rod, slidably mounted on the vertical rotating box; a fixed box, slidably mounted inside the vertical rotating box and fixedly connected to the vertical locking rod; and a vertical locking spring, one end of which is connected to the fixed box and the other end of which is connected to the vertical rotating box.

[0008] According to some embodiments, the mounting base assembly further includes: a second rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the pressure relief port mounting plate; a second transmission gear fixedly mounted on the second rotating shaft; and a first transmission gear fixedly mounted on the linkage rotating shaft; wherein the second transmission gear meshes with the first transmission gear, and the incomplete gear is spaced apart from the second transmission gear during the initial opening stage of the lateral support plate, and meshes with the second transmission gear after the first rotating shaft continues to rotate.

[0009] According to some embodiments, the hysteresis linkage locking assembly further includes: a lateral locking pin, which is slidably mounted on the fixed box and used to limit the vertical rotation box; and a lateral return spring, located inside the fixed box, with one end fixedly connected to the lateral locking pin and the other end fixedly connected to the fixed box.

[0010] According to some embodiments, the differential limiting assembly includes: a movable ring connected to one side of the vertical rotating box via a differential compression spring; a limiting guide rod fixedly mounted on the movable ring and inserted into the vertical rotating box; and a limiting cam fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft and used to limit the movable ring; wherein, after the limiting cam rotates with the first rotating shaft, it releases the limiting of the movable ring, causing the limiting guide rod to press against the transverse locking pin.

[0011] According to some embodiments, the protective assembly includes: a folding air guide shroud fixedly connected to the switch cabinet body; a sliding plate fixedly installed on the top of the inner cavity of the folding air guide shroud, with two hinged slide blocks slidably installed inside; a scissor support arm assembly, with its top two ends rotatably connected to the two hinged slide blocks respectively; a first traction rod and a second traction rod rotatably installed at the bottom two ends of the scissor support arm assembly respectively; a lower hinged pin rotatably installed on the vertical rotating box and rotatably connected to the first traction rod and the second traction rod; and a scissor hinge pin shaft, with one end rotatably connected to the vertical locking rod and the other end rotatably connected to the scissor support arm assembly.

[0012] According to some embodiments, after the lateral locking pin disengages from the vertical rotating box, the vertical locking spring drives the vertical locking rod to move upward, and the vertical locking rod drives the scissor support arm assembly to unfold through the scissor hinge pin, so that the slide plate lifts and folds the guide shroud.

[0013] According to some embodiments, the folded flow deflector is initially folded, and the folded flow deflector has a filter hole through which a filter hole is provided for the discharge of depressurized gas and the interception of particles.

[0014] According to some embodiments, the elastic trigger reset assembly includes: a sliding trigger block, fixedly mounted on the linkage shaft; a telescopic rod, one end of which is fixedly mounted on the pressure relief port mounting plate, and the other end of which is fixedly mounted with a top pressure block; a first compression spring, one end of which is fixedly mounted on the top pressure block, and the other end of which is fixedly mounted with a spring support plate; wherein, the spring support plate is slidably connected to the telescopic rod, and the top pressure block presses against the sliding trigger block under the action of the first compression spring.

[0015] According to some embodiments, the elastic trigger reset assembly further includes: a screw, rotatably mounted on the linkage support seat; a wedge-shaped guide block, slidably connected to the pressure relief port mounting plate and threadedly connected to the screw; wherein, when the screw rotates, it drives the wedge-shaped guide block to move along the pressure relief port mounting plate, and the wedge-shaped guide block pushes the spring support plate to move along the telescopic rod through its inclined surface, so as to adjust the pre-compression amount of the spring support plate on the first compression spring; the first rotating shaft on each side forms a transmission connection with the corresponding linkage rotating shaft through the corresponding incomplete gear, the second transmission gear, and the first transmission gear; the elastic trigger reset assemblies on both sides respectively press against the corresponding sliding trigger block through the top pressure block, apply different frictional resistance to the corresponding linkage rotating shaft, and form different rotational resistance to the corresponding first rotating shaft through the transmission connection, so that the two lateral support plates form different rear opening angles under the same air pressure impact.

[0016] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention provides a pressure relief port mounting plate, a first rotating shaft, and two lateral support plates at the top pressure relief port of the switch cabinet. In the initial state, the two lateral support plates block the top pressure relief port and rotate in opposite directions under the impact of the pressure relief gas. This allows the pressure relief port to open first and release the pressure inside the cabinet, avoiding the protective components from directly participating in the load-bearing in the initial stage of pressure relief, which would increase the opening resistance of the lateral support plates. This is beneficial for the initial formation of the exhaust channel during the initial stage of pressure relief.

[0017] 2. In this invention, the first rotating shaft drives the limiting cam to rotate, thereby releasing the limiting cam from limiting the moving ring. Under the action of the differential compression spring, the moving ring drives the limiting guide rod to press the transverse locking pin, thereby releasing the restriction of the fixed box and the vertical locking rod. The vertical locking rod then drives the scissor support arm assembly to unfold through the scissor hinge pin, so that the folding guide shield can be lifted and unfolded after the pressure relief port is opened, reducing the obstruction of airflow discharge in the initial stage of pressure relief.

[0018] 3. The present invention sets an incomplete gear on the first rotating shaft and sets the incomplete gear at an interval from the second transmission gear during the initial opening stage of the lateral support plate. After the first rotating shaft continues to rotate, it drives the second transmission gear, the first transmission gear and the linkage rotating shaft to rotate, so that the protective component that has been vertically unfolded can be horizontally expanded. This divides the initial release of the pressure relief port and the subsequent expansion of the folded flow guide into two stages, which facilitates a smoother pressure relief and flow guiding process.

[0019] 4. This invention uses a first compression spring to push the top pressure block against the sliding trigger block, thereby creating a friction limit between the elastic trigger reset component and the linkage shaft. This reduces the likelihood of the protective component rotating in the opposite direction with the linkage shaft during air pressure fluctuations. Furthermore, the compression of the first compression spring by the spring support plate is adjusted by the screw and wedge guide block, allowing the two lateral support plates to form different opening angles under the same air pressure impact. This facilitates adjusting the deflection of the pressure relief airflow according to the location of the maintenance passage, wall, or equipment around the switchgear. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the switch cabinet and its top protective mechanism. Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the assembly of the pressure relief port mounting plate on the top of the cabinet; Figure 3This is a cross-sectional view of the protective mechanism in its initial folded state. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure relief port mounting plate; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure for mounting the base assembly, protective assembly, hysteresis linkage locking assembly, and differential limit assembly; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 7 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the elastic trigger reset component in this invention; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of a section at point C; Figure 10 This is a sectional view of the vertical locking bar and the fixing box; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the transverse locking pin and the transverse return spring; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the scissor lift support arm assembly.

[0022] Reference numerals: 100, switch cabinet body; 200, protective mechanism; 210, mounting base assembly; 211, pressure relief port mounting plate; 212, lateral support plate; 213, incomplete gear; 214, first rotating shaft; 215, first transmission gear; 216, second transmission gear; 217, second rotating shaft; 220, protective assembly; 221, folding guide shield; 222, slide plate; 223, hinged slide block; 224, scissor lift support arm assembly; 225, scissor lift hinge pin; 226, first traction rod; 227, second traction rod; 228, lower end hinge pin; 230, delayed linkage lock. Components; 231. Linkage shaft; 232. Linkage support seat; 233. Vertical rotation box; 234. Vertical locking rod; 235. Vertical locking spring; 236. Fixed box; 237. Horizontal locking pin; 238. Horizontal return spring; 240. Differential limit assembly; 241. Moving ring; 242. Limit guide rod; 243. Differential compression spring; 244. Limit cam; 250. Elastic trigger reset assembly; 251. Top pressure block; 252. Sliding trigger block; 253. First compression spring; 254. Telescopic rod; 255. Spring support plate; 256. Wedge guide block; 257. Screw. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more readily understood, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0024] This invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. When detailing the embodiments of this invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not to scale. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are merely examples and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention. In actual fabrication, the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth should be included.

[0025] Furthermore, it should be noted in the description of this invention that the terms "first," "second," or "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0026] Example 1: As Figures 1 to 6 , Figures 10 to 12 As shown, a directional flow-guiding and limiting protection structure for a switchgear pressure relief channel includes a switchgear cabinet 100, with a protective mechanism 200 installed at the pressure relief port on the top of the switchgear cabinet 100. The protective mechanism 200 includes a hysteresis linkage locking component 230 and a differential limiting component 240, and further includes a mounting base assembly 210 and a protective component 220. The mounting base assembly 210 is installed at the pressure relief port on the top of the switchgear cabinet 100. A pressure relief port mounting plate 211 is fixed to the switchgear cabinet 100, and two first rotating shafts 214 are rotatably mounted on the pressure relief port mounting plate 211. Two lateral support plates 212 are respectively fixed to the two first rotating shafts 214. When the switchgear is operating normally, the two lateral support plates 212 block the top pressure relief port. When pressure is released inside the cabinet, they are pushed by the airflow and rotate in opposite directions.

[0027] In the initial stage of depressurization, the gas mainly impacts the lateral support plate 212, which rotates around the first rotating shaft 214, causing the depressurization port to open first. Internal arcing or short-term pressure release is characterized by rapid rise and short duration. If the folding guide shield 221 bears the unfolding load before the lateral support plate 212 is opened, the initial opening of the depressurization port will be insufficient. Therefore, in this embodiment, the lateral support plate 212 is used as the first-acting sealing element, and the first rotating shaft 214 releases the differential limiting component 240 only through the limiting cam 244 during rotation, rather than immediately driving the protective component 220 to expand laterally. This shortens the initial release action of the depressurization port from the force path perspective.

[0028] Specifically, the differential limiting assembly 240 includes a moving ring 241, a limiting guide rod 242, a differential compression spring 243, and a limiting cam 244. The moving ring 241 is connected to one side of the vertical rotating box 233 via the differential compression spring 243. The limiting guide rod 242 is fixed on the moving ring 241 and inserted into the vertical rotating box 233. The limiting cam 244 is fixed on the first rotating shaft 214. In the initial state, the limiting cam 244 blocks the moving ring 241, keeping the differential compression spring 243 in a constrained state. When the lateral support plate 212 is subjected to depressurized airflow and drives the first rotating shaft 214 to rotate, the limiting cam 244 rotates with the first rotating shaft 214 and gradually moves away from the constrained position of the moving ring 241. Under the action of the differential compression spring 243, the moving ring 241 moves toward the vertical rotating box 233, and the limiting guide rod 242 moves with the moving ring 241 and presses against the transverse locking pin 237.

[0029] The delayed-action linkage locking assembly 230 includes a linkage shaft 231, a linkage support 232, a vertical rotation box 233, a vertical locking rod 234, a vertical locking spring 235, a fixed box 236, a horizontal locking pin 237, and a horizontal return spring 238. The linkage support 232 is fixed on the pressure relief port mounting plate 211, the linkage shaft 231 is rotatably mounted on the linkage support 232, and the vertical rotation box 233 is fixed to the linkage shaft 231. The vertical locking rod 234 is slidably mounted on the vertical rotation box 233, the fixed box 236 is slidably mounted inside the vertical rotation box 233 and fixedly connected to the vertical locking rod 234, and the vertical locking spring 235 is connected between the fixed box 236 and the vertical rotation box 233. The transverse locking pin 237 is slidably mounted on the fixed box 236. The transverse return spring 238 is located inside the fixed box 236 and applies a return force to the transverse locking pin 237, so that the transverse locking pin 237 can cooperate with the vertical rotating box 233 in the initial state, thereby restricting the upward movement of the fixed box 236 and the vertical locking rod 234.

[0030] When the limiting guide rod 242 presses against the transverse locking pin 237, the transverse locking pin 237 overcomes the elastic force of the transverse return spring 238 and disengages from the limiting position of the vertical rotating box 233. At this time, the fixed box 236 is released from its restriction, the vertical locking spring 235 releases its elastic force, and drives the fixed box 236 and the vertical locking rod 234 to move upward. When the vertical locking rod 234 moves upward, it acts on the scissor support arm assembly 224 through the scissor hinge pin 225, causing the scissor support arm assembly 224 to change from a retracted state to an extended state.

[0031] The protective assembly 220 includes a folding air guide 221, a slide plate 222, a hinged slide block 223, a scissor support arm assembly 224, a scissor hinge pin 225, a first traction rod 226, a second traction rod 227, and a lower hinge pin 228. The folding air guide 221 is fixedly connected to the switch cabinet body 100. The slide plate 222 is fixed to the top of the inner cavity of the folding air guide 221, and the two hinged slide blocks 223 are slidably disposed within the slide plate 222. The top two ends of the scissor support arm assembly 224 are rotatably connected to the two hinged slide blocks 223, and the bottom two ends of the scissor support arm assembly 224 are rotatably connected to the first traction rod 226 and the second traction rod 227, respectively. The first traction rod 226 and the second traction rod 227 are then connected to the vertical rotating box 233 via the lower hinge pin 228. One end of the scissor hinge pin 225 is connected to the vertical locking rod 234, and the other end is connected to the scissor support arm assembly 224.

[0032] After the vertical locking rod 234 moves upward, the scissor hinge pin 225 pushes the scissor support arm assembly 224 to unfold. The top two ends of the scissor support arm assembly 224 drive the two hinged slide blocks 223 to slide within the slide plate 222. The slide plate 222 then lifts the folding guide hood 221 upward, changing the folding guide hood 221 from a compressed and retracted state to a vertically unfolded state. The folding guide hood 221 has a filter hole through which the depressurized gas can be discharged. When entrained particles pass through the filter hole, their kinetic energy is blocked or weakened. The filter hole here does not act as a closed blocking structure, but rather as a dual channel for gas discharge and particle interception, so that the folding guide hood 221 can form an external protective boundary without completely blocking the depressurized airflow.

[0033] With the above structure, when the depressurized gas begins to be ejected, the two lateral support plates 212 first open in opposite directions to form an initial depressurization channel; then the first rotating shaft 214, the limiting cam 244, the moving ring 241, the limiting guide rod 242, the lateral locking pin 237, the vertical locking spring 235, the vertical locking rod 234, and the scissor support arm assembly 224 sequentially transmit their actions, causing the folding deflector 221 to extend vertically. This arrangement of opening first and then extending the deflector means that the opening of the first section of the depressurization port does not need to simultaneously bear the lateral expansion load of the folding deflector 221, which helps to reduce the resistance in the initial stage of depressurization and forms a guiding space covering the outside of the depressurized airflow in the middle section of depressurization.

[0034] Since the vertical unfolding of the folding air deflector 221 is triggered by the first pivot 214 after the lateral support plate 212 is opened, the folding air deflector 221 can remain folded in the long-term standby state, reducing the space occupied on the outside of the cabinet top and reducing the possibility of dust and foreign objects entering the folding area for a long time.

[0035] Example 2: As Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 and Figure 12 As shown, based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment further defines the transmission relationship between the mounting base assembly 210 and the hysteresis linkage locking assembly 230. The mounting base assembly 210 also includes an incomplete gear 213, a first transmission gear 215, a second transmission gear 216, and a second rotating shaft 217. The incomplete gear 213 is fixed on the first rotating shaft 214, the second rotating shaft 217 is rotatably mounted on the pressure relief port mounting plate 211, the second transmission gear 216 is fixedly mounted on the second rotating shaft 217, the first transmission gear 215 is fixedly mounted on the linkage rotating shaft 231, and the second transmission gear 216 meshes with the first transmission gear 215.

[0036] In this embodiment, the incomplete gear 213 does not engage with the second transmission gear 216 immediately when the lateral support plate 212 is just pushed open by the airflow, but maintains a distance from the second transmission gear 216 within the initial angle range. When the lateral support plate 212 begins to rotate, the first rotating shaft 214 drives the incomplete gear 213 to rotate at a certain angle. The toothless section of the incomplete gear 213 faces the second transmission gear 216, so that the incomplete gear 213 does not mesh with the second transmission gear 216 within the initial rotation angle range of the first rotating shaft 214. When the first rotating shaft 214 rotates to the preset meshing angle, the toothed section of the incomplete gear 213 enters the meshing area of ​​the second transmission gear 216, thereby driving the second transmission gear 216 to rotate. The second transmission gear 216, the second rotating shaft 217, the first transmission gear 215, and the linkage shaft 231 do not participate in the lateral expansion action. When the first rotating shaft 214 continues to rotate to the predetermined angle, the incomplete gear 213 meshes with the second transmission gear 216, and drives the linkage shaft 231 to rotate through the second transmission gear 216 and the first transmission gear 215, thereby changing the support posture of the protective component 220 and causing the vertically unfolded folding guide hood 221 to expand laterally.

[0037] From the perspective of the pressure relief flow field, if the deflector outside the pressure relief port only extends vertically, it can form a protective boundary in the height direction. However, when the high-temperature gas is discharged upwards and undergoes lateral diffusion, the coverage range of the folded deflector 221 in its vertically deployed state for the lateral airflow is limited. In this embodiment, by meshing the incomplete gear 213 with the rear section of the second transmission gear 216, the protective component 220 expands laterally after it has already established an initial pressure relief channel and vertical flow guidance height. In this way, the folded deflector 221 does not become a rigid block in front of the airflow at the initial ejection moment, but rather forms an external flow guidance space that is more suitable for the gas diffusion path after the gas begins to be discharged.

[0038] The first traction strut 226 and the second traction strut 227 are respectively arranged at both ends of the bottom of the scissor lift support arm assembly 224. Their connection with the lower hinge pin 228 can provide constraint on the bottom of the scissor lift support arm assembly 224 when the vertical rotating box 233 rotates, so that the scissor lift support arm assembly 224 can not only move vertically, but also drive the slide plate 222 and the folding deflector 221 to generate a lateral expansion tendency when the rotating box changes its attitude. The hinged slide 223 in the slide plate 222 is used to absorb the distance change between the top two ends of the scissor lift support arm assembly 224, so that the folding deflector 221 will not get stuck due to the change of the support point distance when it unfolds.

[0039] With the arrangement of this embodiment, the opening process of the lateral support plate 212 is divided into two stages: initial release and subsequent expansion. In the initial release stage, the incomplete gear 213 and the second transmission gear 216 are kept apart, and the lateral support plate 212 opens the pressure relief port first. In the subsequent expansion stage, the incomplete gear 213 meshes with the second transmission gear 216, and the protective component 220 expands laterally on the basis of the existing pressure relief channel, so that the formation sequence of the pressure relief channel matches the gas discharge process.

[0040] Example 3: As Figure 3 , Figure 5 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, based on the above embodiment, this embodiment further provides an elastic trigger reset component 250, which is used to limit the linkage shaft 231 from swinging back in the opposite direction under air pressure fluctuations, and to adjust the opening angle of the two lateral support plates 212 under the same air pressure.

[0041] The elastic trigger reset assembly 250 includes a pressure block 251, a sliding trigger block 252, a first compression spring 253, a telescopic rod 254, a spring support plate 255, a wedge-shaped guide block 256, and a screw 257. The sliding trigger block 252 is fixedly mounted on the linkage shaft 231. One end of the telescopic rod 254 is fixedly mounted on the pressure relief port mounting plate 211, and the other end is fixedly mounted on the pressure block 251. One end of the first compression spring 253 is connected to the pressure block 251, and the other end is connected to the spring support plate 255. The spring support plate 255 is slidably connected to the telescopic rod 254. Under the elastic force of the first compression spring 253, the pressure block 251 presses against the sliding trigger block 252, creating contact friction between the pressure block 251 and the sliding trigger block 252.

[0042] When the depressurized gas is released in a pulsed manner, the linkage shaft 231 rotates as the rear section of the lateral support plate 212 opens during the gas pressure rise phase, causing the vertical rotating box 233 and the protective component 220 to gradually expand. When the pressure inside the cabinet decreases or fluctuates, if the linkage shaft 231 can rotate freely in the opposite direction, the unfolding angle of the protective component 220 will decrease with the pressure change, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the internal flow channel of the folding guide hood 221 will also change accordingly. In this embodiment, the top pressure block 251 continuously presses against the sliding trigger block 252. When the linkage shaft 231 has a tendency to rotate, the frictional resistance between the top pressure block 251 and the sliding trigger block 252 can resist this rotational tendency, keeping the vertical rotating box 233 near the reached rotation position. If the subsequent depressurization pressure continues to rise and exceeds the frictional resistance, the linkage shaft 231 can still continue to rotate in the direction of expanding the unfolding space of the folding guide hood 221. Thus, the protective component 220 can continue to expand when the pressure rises and reduce swinging when the pressure drops.

[0043] The screw 257 is rotatably mounted on the linkage support 232. The wedge-shaped guide block 256 is slidably connected to the pressure relief port mounting plate 211 and threadedly connected to the screw 257. When the operator rotates the screw 257 during installation or maintenance, the screw 257 drives the wedge-shaped guide block 256 to move along the pressure relief port mounting plate 211. The wedge-shaped guide block 256 acts on the spring support plate 255 through its inclined surface, changing the position of the spring support plate 255 on the telescopic rod 254, thereby changing the compression amount of the first compression spring 253. When the compression amount of the first compression spring 253 increases, the pressure of the top pressure block 251 against the sliding trigger block 252 increases, and the resistance that the linkage shaft 231 needs to overcome to start or continue rotating increases; when the compression amount of the first compression spring 253 decreases, the pressure of the top pressure block 251 against the sliding trigger block 252 decreases, and the rotational resistance of the linkage shaft 231 decreases accordingly.

[0044] When the two lateral support plates 212 correspond to the first rotating shaft 214 and the elastic trigger reset assembly 250 on different sides, the positions of the screws 257 on both sides can be adjusted to give the first compression springs 253 on both sides different pre-compression amounts. The first compression spring 253 corresponding to the lateral support plate 212 on the side where airflow is not desired to be concentrated can be set to a larger pre-compression amount, so that the opening angle of the rear section of the lateral support plate 212 on that side is smaller; the first compression spring 253 on the other side can be set to a smaller pre-compression amount, so that the lateral support plate 212 on the other side has a larger opening angle under the same air pressure. After the two lateral support plates 212 form different opening angles, the opening outside the top pressure relief port is in an offset state, and the pressure relief airflow can be deflected to the side with a larger opening.

[0045] This adjustment method is suitable for switchgear locations near walls, maintenance access points, or other equipment. When one side is not suitable as the primary pressure relief direction, the thrust of the first compression spring 253 on the top pressure block 251 on that side can be increased by adjusting the screw 257, wedge guide block 256, and spring support plate 255, thus limiting the opening angle of the rear section of the lateral support plate 212 on that side; the other side maintains less resistance, causing the pressure relief gas to deflect towards a relatively safe area. The above adjustment does not change the main structure of the pressure relief port mounting plate 211, lateral support plate 212, and folding guide shroud 221; it only changes the opening angle by adjusting the preload of the elastic trigger reset assembly 250, facilitating adaptation to different switchgear layouts.

[0046] Overall working principle: During normal operation, the top pressure relief port of the switch cabinet 100 is blocked by two lateral support plates 212, which are respectively fixed on two first rotating shafts 214. The first rotating shafts 214 are rotatably mounted on the pressure relief port mounting plate 211. The folding guide shroud 221 is in the retracted state. The slide plate 222, the hinged slide block 223 and the scissor support arm assembly 224 are located in the inner cavity of the folding guide shroud 221. The lateral locking pin 237 cooperates with the vertical rotating box 233, and the vertical locking rod 234 is restricted to the initial position.

[0047] When pressure is released inside the switch cabinet 100, the depressurized gas is ejected into the top pressure relief port and acts on the two side support plates 212. The two side support plates 212 rotate in a direction away from each other, and the top pressure relief port forms an initial opening, allowing the gas inside the cabinet to begin to escape.

[0048] When the lateral support plate 212 rotates, it drives the first rotating shaft 214 to rotate. The first rotating shaft 214 drives the limiting cam 244 to rotate. The limiting cam 244 leaves the restricted position of the moving ring 241. The moving ring 241 moves towards the vertical rotating box 233 under the action of the differential compression spring 243.

[0049] When the moving ring 241 moves, it drives the limiting guide rod 242 to move. The limiting guide rod 242 inserts into the vertical rotating box 233 and presses against the horizontal locking pin 237. The horizontal locking pin 237 overcomes the elastic force of the horizontal return spring 238 and disengages from the vertical rotating box 233, and the fixed box 236 is released from the limit.

[0050] After the fixed box 236 is released from its limit, the vertical locking spring 235 releases its elastic force and drives the fixed box 236 to move upward. The fixed box 236 drives the vertical locking rod 234 to move upward. The vertical locking rod 234 pushes the scissor support arm assembly 224 to unfold through the scissor hinge pin 225.

[0051] When the scissor lift support arm assembly 224 is deployed, its top two ends drive two hinged slide blocks 223 to slide within the slide plate 222. The slide plate 222 moves upward as the scissor lift support arm assembly 224 is deployed and lifts the folding deflector 221. The folding deflector 221 changes from a retracted state to a vertically deployed state. The depressurized gas is discharged through the filter holes of the folding deflector 221, and the particulate matter is intercepted or slowed down at the filter holes.

[0052] During the initial opening phase of the lateral support plate 212, although the first rotating shaft 214 drives the incomplete gear 213 to rotate, the incomplete gear 213 and the second transmission gear 216 remain spaced apart. The second transmission gear 216, the second rotating shaft 217, the first transmission gear 215 and the linkage rotating shaft 231 do not participate in the lateral expansion action, so that the lateral support plate 212 opens the pressure relief port first.

[0053] When the lateral support plate 212 continues to open to the predetermined angle, the incomplete gear 213 meshes with the second transmission gear 216. The incomplete gear 213 drives the second transmission gear 216 and the second rotating shaft 217 to rotate. The second transmission gear 216 drives the first transmission gear 215 to rotate. The first transmission gear 215 drives the linkage rotating shaft 231 to rotate.

[0054] When the linkage shaft 231 rotates, it drives the vertical rotating box 233 to rotate. The vertical rotating box 233 changes the support posture of the protective component 220 through the lower hinge pin 228, the first traction support rod 226, the second traction support rod 227 and the scissor support arm assembly 224, so that the vertically unfolded folding guide hood 221 is laterally expanded to form a larger guide space.

[0055] During the unfolding and lateral expansion of the folding fairing 221, the sliding trigger block 252, which is fixedly installed on the linkage shaft 231, rotates with the linkage shaft 231. The pressing block 251 presses against the sliding trigger block 252 under the action of the first compression spring 253, forming resistance to the reverse rotation of the linkage shaft 231, so that the folding fairing 221 maintains the unfolded angle when the air pressure fluctuates or drops.

[0056] When the pressure relief direction needs to be adjusted according to the site environment, rotate the screw 257. The screw 257 drives the wedge-shaped guide block 256 to move along the pressure relief port mounting plate 211. The wedge-shaped guide block 256 pushes the spring support plate 255 to move along the telescopic rod 254. The spring support plate 255 changes the compression amount of the first compression spring 253, thereby changing the pressure of the top pressure block 251 against the sliding trigger block 252.

[0057] By adjusting the screws 257 of the elastic trigger reset components 250 on both sides respectively, the preload of the first compression springs 253 corresponding to the two side support plates 212 is different; when the same air pressure is applied to the two side support plates 212, the two side support plates 212 form different opening angles, and the pressure relief airflow is deflected to the side with the larger opening angle.

[0058] After the pressure relief is completed, maintenance personnel can check the side support plate 212, folding guide shroud 221, scissor support arm assembly 224, horizontal locking pin 237, vertical locking spring 235 and elastic trigger reset assembly 250 after confirming that the inside of the switch cabinet 100 is in a safe state. This will restore the protective mechanism 200 to its initial blocking and retracted state for subsequent use.

[0059] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to specific implementations. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A directional flow guiding and limiting protection structure for a switchgear pressure relief channel, characterized in that, include: The switch cabinet (100) has a protective mechanism (200) installed at the pressure relief port on its top. The protective mechanism (200) includes a hysteresis locking assembly (230) and a differential limit assembly (240), and also includes: The mounting base assembly (210) includes a pressure relief port mounting plate (211) fixed to the switch cabinet body (100), two first rotating shafts (214) rotatably mounted on the pressure relief port mounting plate (211), and two lateral support plates (212) respectively fixed to the two first rotating shafts (214); the two lateral support plates (212) initially block the top pressure relief port and rotate in a direction away from each other under the action of the pressure relief gas; the first rotating shafts (214) drive the differential limit assembly (240) to release the locking of the hysteresis linkage locking assembly (230), so that the protective assembly (220) unfolds vertically; An incomplete gear (213) is fixedly installed on the first rotating shaft (214). The first rotating shaft (214) drives the hysteresis linkage locking component (230) to rotate through the hysteresis engagement of the incomplete gear (213), so that the protective component (220) that has been vertically deployed expands laterally. The protective component (220) is installed on the switch cabinet body (100); The elastic trigger reset component (250) is frictionally engaged with the hysteresis linkage locking component (230) to limit the rotation of the protection component (220) as the air pressure fluctuates.

2. The directional flow guiding and limiting protection structure for the pressure relief channel of a switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hysteresis linkage locking component (230) includes: The linkage support seat (232) is fixedly installed on the pressure relief port mounting plate (211), and the linkage shaft (231) is rotatably installed on it. A vertical rotating box (233) is fixedly installed on the linkage shaft (231); A vertical locking rod (234) is slidably mounted on the vertical rotating box (233); The fixed box (236) is slidably installed inside the vertical rotating box (233) and fixedly connected to the vertical locking rod (234); A vertical locking spring (235) is connected at one end to the fixed box (236) and at the other end to the vertical rotating box (233).

3. The directional flow guiding and limiting protection structure for the pressure relief channel of a switchgear according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting base assembly (210) also includes: The second rotating shaft (217) is rotatably mounted on the pressure relief port mounting plate (211); The second transmission gear (216) is fixedly mounted on the second rotating shaft (217); The first transmission gear (215) is fixedly mounted on the linkage shaft (231); The second transmission gear (216) meshes with the first transmission gear (215). The incomplete gear (213) is spaced apart from the second transmission gear (216) during the initial opening stage of the lateral support plate (212), and meshes with the second transmission gear (216) after the first rotating shaft (214) continues to rotate.

4. The directional flow guiding and limiting protection structure for the pressure relief channel of a switchgear according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hysteresis linkage locking component (230) also includes: A transverse locking pin (237) is slidably mounted on the fixed box (236) and is used to limit the engagement with the vertical rotating box (233); A transverse return spring (238) is located inside the fixed box (236), with one end fixedly connected to the transverse locking pin (237) and the other end fixedly connected to the fixed box (236).

5. The directional flow guiding and limiting protection structure for the pressure relief channel of a switchgear according to claim 4, characterized in that, The differential limiting component (240) includes: The movable ring (241) is connected to one side of the vertical rotating box (233) via a differential compression spring (243); The limiting guide rod (242) is fixedly installed on the moving ring (241) and inserted into the vertical rotating box (233); A limiting cam (244) is fixedly mounted on the first rotating shaft (214) and is used to limit the movement ring (241); Wherein, the limiting cam (244) releases the limiting of the moving ring (241) after rotating with the first rotating shaft (214), so that the limiting guide rod (242) presses the transverse locking pin (237).

6. The directional flow guiding and limiting protection structure for the pressure relief channel of a switchgear according to claim 5, characterized in that, The protective component (220) includes: A folding air guide (221) is fixedly connected to the switch cabinet body (100); A sliding plate (222) is fixedly installed on the top of the inner cavity of the folded air guide (221), and two hinged slide blocks (223) are slidably installed inside it. The top two ends of the scissor support arm assembly (224) are rotatably connected to the two hinged slides (223); The first traction rod (226) and the second traction rod (227) are respectively rotatably installed at the bottom ends of the scissor arm assembly (224); The lower end is hinged to a pin (228), which is rotatably mounted on the vertical rotating box (233) and rotatably connected to the first traction rod (226) and the second traction rod (227); The scissor hinge pin (225) is rotatably connected at one end to the vertical locking rod (234) and at the other end to the scissor support arm assembly (224).

7. The directional flow guiding and limiting protection structure for the pressure relief channel of a switchgear according to claim 6, characterized in that, After the horizontal locking pin (237) disengages from the vertical rotating box (233), the vertical locking spring (235) drives the vertical locking rod (234) to move upward. The vertical locking rod (234) drives the scissor support arm assembly (224) to unfold through the scissor hinge pin (225), so that the slide plate (222) lifts the folding guide cover (221).

8. The directional flow guiding and limiting protection structure for the pressure relief channel of a switchgear according to claim 6, characterized in that, The folded flow guide (221) is in a folded state in the initial state, and the folded flow guide (221) has a filter hole through which the filter hole is used to allow the depressurized gas to be discharged and to intercept particles.

9. The directional flow guiding and limiting protection structure for the pressure relief channel of a switchgear according to claim 3, characterized in that, The elastic trigger reset component (250) includes: A sliding trigger block (252) is fixedly installed on the linkage shaft (231); The telescopic rod (254) is fixedly installed on the pressure relief port mounting plate (211) at one end and a top pressure block (251) is fixedly installed at the other end. The first compression spring (253) is fixedly mounted on the top pressure block (251) at one end and fixedly mounted on the spring support plate (255) at the other end. The spring support plate (255) is slidably connected to the telescopic rod (254), and the top pressing block (251) presses against the sliding trigger block (252) under the action of the first compression spring (253).

10. A directional flow guiding and limiting protection structure for a switchgear pressure relief channel according to claim 9, characterized in that, The elastic trigger reset component (250) further includes: The screw (257) is rotatably mounted on the linkage support (232); The wedge-shaped guide block (256) is slidably connected to the pressure relief port mounting plate (211) and threadedly connected to the screw (257); When the screw (257) rotates, it drives the wedge-shaped guide block (256) to move along the pressure relief port mounting plate (211). The wedge-shaped guide block (256) pushes the spring support plate (255) to move along the telescopic rod (254) through its inclined surface, so as to adjust the pre-compression amount of the spring support plate (255) on the first compression spring (253). The first rotating shaft (214) on each side is connected to the corresponding linkage rotating shaft (231) via the corresponding incomplete gear (213), the second transmission gear (216), and the first transmission gear (215); the elastic trigger reset components (250) on both sides press against the corresponding sliding trigger block (252) through the top pressure block (251), apply different frictional resistance to the corresponding linkage rotating shaft (231), and form different rotational resistance to the corresponding first rotating shaft (214) through the transmission connection, so that the two lateral support plates (212) form different rear opening angles under the same air pressure impact.

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