Heat-insulation fireproof lithium battery

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a heat insulation fireproof lithium battery which comprises a plurality of sheet-shaped battery cells, and the plurality of battery cells are sequentially stacked to form a battery cell group; protective gaskets are arranged on the two sides, in the stacking direction of the battery cells, of the battery cell group, and the protective gaskets are made of heat-insulating and fireproof materials. According to the lithium battery, the structural design of the lithium battery is optimized, the protective gaskets are arranged on the two sides of the battery cell stacking direction, and the protective gaskets are made of heat-insulating and fireproof materials, so that the heat-insulating and fireproof performance in the battery cell stacking direction can be improved, the spreading of thermal runaway in the battery cell stacking direction is effectively delayed or prevented, and the safety and reliability of the lithium battery are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a heat-insulating and fire-proof lithium battery. Background Art

[0002] Lithium batteries are widely used in the battery field. Battery packs in the prior art generally adopt a construction method in which battery cells are tightly stacked. However, the stacked structure makes the heat transfer inside the battery faster. Once a unit has thermal runaway, the heat will quickly spread to the adjacent units, causing the entire battery pack to heat up rapidly, and eventually a serious thermal runaway problem will occur.

[0003] CN202120889706.3 discloses a fireproof and shockproof storage battery, which includes a shell, a lithium battery pack, and fireproof insulating gaskets provided between the left and right ends of the lithium battery pack and the left and right side walls of the shell. Although the battery device is provided with fireproof insulating gaskets in the left and right directions to enhance the fireproof and heat-insulating functions of the battery, it ignores the thermal runaway problem that is prone to occur in the stacking direction of the lithium battery pack. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the structural design of the lithium battery, add an effective thermal runaway prevention structure, improve the thermal insulation and fireproof performance in the battery core stacking direction, and ensure the safety and reliability of the lithium battery. Utility Model Content

[0004] Aiming at the thermal runaway defect that lithium battery packs in the stacking direction are prone to in the prior art, the utility model provides a heat-insulating and fire-proof lithium battery, which can solve the safety problem of thermal runaway and heat-insulating fire of lithium batteries.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model is solved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A lithium battery comprises a plurality of sheet-shaped battery cells, wherein the plurality of battery cells are stacked in sequence to form a battery cell group; protective gaskets are provided on both sides of the battery cell group in the battery cell stacking direction, and the material of the protective gaskets is a heat-insulating and fire-proof material.

[0007] In the utility model, the battery cell group adopts a laminated structure, so that the energy density of the lithium battery is higher, the internal structure is more stable, and the safety performance is stronger, thereby extending the service life of the lithium battery.

[0008] Among them, through the setting of protective gaskets, protective gaskets are provided on both sides of the battery cell stacking direction. The protective gaskets are made of heat-insulating and fire-proof materials, which can effectively delay or prevent the spread of thermal runaway in the battery cell stacking direction, and reduce the risk of explosion or fire in the battery cell group as a whole.

[0009] Preferably, a protective gasket is provided on either side of the battery cell group, and the protective gasket includes at least one of a first protective gasket and a second protective gasket; the material of the first protective gasket is ceramic aerogel, and the material of the second protective gasket is mica sheet.

[0010] In the utility model, the material used for the first protective gasket is ceramic aerogel. Since the ceramic aerogel material is fire-resistant and has low thermal conductivity, it can protect the lithium battery when the battery encounters fire or high temperature, and effectively avoid the transfer of heat and the spread of fire. By setting the protective gasket, the safety of the lithium battery in the case of thermal runaway can be significantly improved;

[0011] Preferably, the protective gaskets located on both sides of the battery cell stacking direction have at least a second protective gasket.

[0012] Preferably, the protective gaskets located at both sides of the battery cell stacking direction include a first protective gasket and a second protective gasket, and the second protective gasket is located outside the first protective gasket.

[0013] In the utility model, the material used for the second protective gasket is mica sheet, which is a hard material with excellent high temperature resistance and insulation performance; by arranging the second protective gasket on both sides of the battery cell stacking direction, the high temperature resistance of the lithium battery can be effectively improved, so that the battery cell group can obtain double-layer heat insulation and fire protection of the first protective gasket and the second protective gasket; at the same time, the hard mica sheet material applies force inward from both ends of the battery cell stacking direction, so as to achieve the effect of eliminating the battery cell installation gap and effectively tightening the battery cell group.

[0014] Preferably, a cell shell is disposed outside the cell group, and the protective gasket is disposed inside the cell shell.

[0015] In the utility model, by providing the battery cell shell, a better sealing protection effect is provided for the battery cell group and the protective gaskets provided at either side of the battery cell group, thereby improving the reliability of the lithium battery.

[0016] Preferably, the first protective gasket has a main body made of ceramic aerogel material, and a plastic film is arranged on the outer side of the main body.

[0017] In the utility model, the plastic sealing film is provided to form a lasting protection for the main body, thereby extending the service life of the first protective gasket.

[0018] Preferably, the thickness of the main body of the first protective gasket is 3 mm.

[0019] In the utility model, the 3mm main body can ensure that the first protective gasket has excellent heat resistance and fire resistance while meeting the requirements of the space layout of the battery cell group. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the lithium battery mechanism in Example 1;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first protective gasket in Example 1.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of point B in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to further understand the content of the utility model, the utility model is described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are only used to explain the utility model but not to limit it.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] like Figure 1-3 As shown, this embodiment provides a lithium battery, which includes a plurality of sheet-shaped battery cells, which are stacked in sequence to form a battery cell group 1; the battery cell group 1 is provided with protective gaskets on four sides along the battery cell stacking direction, and the protective gaskets include at least one of a first protective gasket 3 and a second protective gasket 4, and the material of the protective gasket is a heat-insulating and fire-proof material.

[0026] In this embodiment, the battery cell group 1 is constructed by stacking, and the stacked battery cells have the excellent properties of flat structure, small internal resistance, and high space utilization, so that the energy density of the lithium battery is higher.

[0027] In this embodiment, a first protective gasket 3 is provided on either side of the battery cell group 1. The material of the first protective gasket 3 is ceramic aerogel, which is fire-resistant and has low thermal conductivity. Since the existing stacked battery cell groups 1 often have defects such as poor mechanical strength, difficult sealing process, and complex grouping structure, but they also have high-density energy, this type of lithium battery is prone to thermal runaway safety issues in the direction of battery cell stacking. By providing a first protective gasket 3 on either side of the battery cell group 1, the thermal insulation and fireproof insulation of the battery cell group 1 can be effectively acted on, which can protect the lithium battery when the battery encounters fire or high temperature, and effectively avoid heat transfer and the spread of fire.

[0028] In this embodiment, the protective gaskets located at both sides of the battery cell stacking direction include a first protective gasket 3 and a second protective gasket 4 , and the second protective gasket 4 is located outside the first protective gasket 3 .

[0029] In this embodiment, the material used for the second protective gasket 4 is mica sheet, which is a hard material with excellent high temperature resistance and insulation performance; by providing the second protective gasket 4 on both sides of the battery cell stacking direction, the high temperature resistance of the lithium battery can be effectively improved, so that the battery cell group 1 can obtain double-layer insulation and fire protection of the first protective gasket 3 and the second protective gasket 4; at the same time, the hard mica sheet material applies force inward from both ends of the battery cell stacking direction, which can effectively eliminate the battery cell installation gap and tighten the battery cell group 1.

[0030] In this embodiment, a cell shell 5 is disposed outside the cell group 1 , and a protective gasket is disposed inside the cell shell 5 .

[0031] By providing the battery cell shell 5 in this embodiment, a better sealing protection effect is provided for the battery cell group 1 and the protective gaskets provided on either side of the battery cell group 1, thereby improving the reliability of the lithium battery.

[0032] In this embodiment, the first protective gasket 3 has a main body 9 made of ceramic aerogel material, and a plastic film 8 is arranged outside the main body 9. The plastic film 8 can provide long-lasting protection for the main body 9 made of ceramic aerogel material, thereby extending the service life of the first protective gasket 3.

[0033] In this embodiment, the thickness of the main body 9 of the first protective gasket 3 is 3 mm, which can meet the spatial layout requirements of the battery cell group 1 while ensuring that the first protective gasket 3 provides the battery cell group 1 with excellent heat-resistant and fire-proof functions.

[0034] In this embodiment, the outer part of the battery cell shell 5 is further provided with a shell 6 with an upper opening, a shell cover 7 is provided at the opening of the shell 6, and a base 2 for protecting the lithium battery is provided at the bottom of the shell 6. Through the arrangement of this structure, after the battery cell is encapsulated by the battery cell shell 5 and placed in the shell 6, the shell cover 7 can be fixed at the opening of the shell 6, thereby achieving the sealing of the shell 6 by the shell cover 7, and then the battery cell group 1 is more stably encapsulated, ensuring that the lithium battery can be used safely for a long time.

[0035] In short, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present utility model should fall within the scope of the present utility model patent.

Claims

1. A heat-insulating and fire-proof lithium battery, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of sheet-shaped battery cells, wherein the plurality of battery cells are stacked in sequence to form a battery cell group (1); the battery cell group (1) is provided with protective gaskets on both sides of the battery cell stacking direction, and the material of the protective gaskets is a heat-insulating and fire-proof material; A protective gasket is provided on either side of the battery cell assembly (1); The protective gasket comprises at least one of a first protective gasket (3) and a second protective gasket (4), the material of the first protective gasket (3) is ceramic aerogel, and the material of the second protective gasket (4) is mica sheet; The protective gaskets located on both sides of the battery core stacking direction comprise a first protective gasket (3) and a second protective gasket (4), and the second protective gasket (4) is located outside the first protective gasket (3).

2. A heat-insulating and fire-proof lithium battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cell shell (5) is provided outside the cell group (1), and a protective gasket is provided inside the cell shell (5).

3. A heat-insulating and fire-proof lithium battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first protective gasket (3) comprises a main body (9) made of a ceramic aerogel material, and a plastic sealing film (8) is arranged outside the main body (9).

4. A heat-insulating and fire-proof lithium battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the main body (9) of the first protective gasket (3) is 3 mm.

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