Instrument for surgical operation
By designing surgical instruments that integrate radio frequency cutter heads and hook pickups, the problems of cumbersome and high risk in the existing technology are solved, and safe and efficient intervertebral disc surgery is achieved, reducing the order and time of surgery, and reducing the spinal cord and risk of damage to nerve roots.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420691387.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-07
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-24
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-07
AI Technical Summary
The existing intervertebral disc surgery is complicated and has high risk, which can easily damage the spinal cord or nerve roots, and it is difficult to simultaneously achieve hook separation and shear ligament operation, which increases the time and complexity of the operation.
A surgical instrument was designed, integrating a rotatable joystick, a tool holder and a radio frequency tool head. Through the transmission of the active bevel gear and the driven bevel gear, the rotational movement of the joystick is converted into the vertical rotation of the tool holder to achieve The switching of RF cutting heads and the locking of hooks and pickups have the functions of separating and shearing ligaments, reducing the order and time of surgery.
The device can safely separate and shear ligaments when powered on, reduce damage to the human body, avoid secondary trauma, and be simple and safe to operate, shorten the operation time, and reduce the risk of damage to the spinal cord and nerve roots.
Smart Images
Figure CN222217928U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments and relates to an instrument for surgical operation. Background Art
[0002] Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the protrusion of the nucleus pulposus through the ruptured annulus fibrosus. The intervertebral disc is located between the two vertebrae of the human spine. The central part of the intervertebral disc is the jelly-like nucleus pulposus, and the surrounding part is the elastic annulus fibrosus. The upper and lower parts of the intervertebral disc are transparent cartilage plates in children and end plates in adults. The annulus fibrosus in front and on the sides of the intervertebral disc are thicker and tougher, tightly attached to the anterior longitudinal ligament, and the annulus fibrosus in the back is thinner and loosely connected to the posterior longitudinal ligament. One side of the cartilage plate is tightly connected to the annulus fibrosus, and the other side is connected to the vertebral body, which has the function of protecting the nucleus pulposus from above and below. The annulus fibrosus is thick in front and thin in the back, and the nucleus pulposus is easy to protrude from the posterolateral side, protruding into the spinal canal or intervertebral foramen, compressing the spinal cord or spinal nerves, causing intervertebral disc herniation.
[0003] At present, cervical disc herniation and lumbar disc herniation are the two most common intervertebral disc diseases. Although most patients can choose non-surgical treatment to relieve symptoms in the early stage, conservative treatment of non-surgical treatment cannot cure intervertebral disc disease. Therefore, many patients still choose surgical treatment to cure intervertebral disc disease. During the operation, it is necessary to first use a hook hook to separate the yellow ligament (or posterior longitudinal ligament) from the dura mater, and then use a scalpel to remove the yellow ligament (or posterior longitudinal ligament) to expose the dura mater and the nerve roots on its outside. During the operation, the tip of the knife should be kept in the field of vision and not exceed the inner surface of the yellow ligament (or posterior longitudinal ligament). The blade surface should always be upward and cut carefully to avoid damaging the dura mater and nerve roots in front of the yellow ligament.
[0004] Existing surgeries require multiple surgical procedures, which take a long time, are complicated and risky, and cause great harm to the human body. They are easy to injure the spinal cord or nerve roots, causing secondary trauma, increasing surgical risks, and failing to achieve ideal surgical results. In particular, the operation in the lateral recess area is quite difficult due to its hidden location and the obstruction of nerve roots and bony structures. In addition, the treatment of the residual yellow ligament or posterior longitudinal ligament after the severance takes a long time and is difficult to operate. Therefore, a ligament severing device for surgical operations that can simultaneously achieve hook separation and shearing of ligaments without causing damage to the dura mater and nerve roots is very necessary. Summary of the invention
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the above problems in the existing technology and to provide a surgical instrument. The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a multi-purpose surgical instrument that can separate and shear ligaments and reduce secondary trauma during surgery.
[0006] The purpose of the utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0007] A surgical instrument comprises a shell, characterized in that a rotatable joystick and a rotatable knife seat are arranged in the shell, the top of the joystick has a handle portion extending out of the shell and provided with a power plug, the bottom of the joystick is provided with an active bevel gear, one end of the knife seat is connected to the shell through a damping shaft, and the other end thereof is provided with a driven bevel gear meshing with the active bevel gear, a radio frequency knife head 1 located outside the bottom end of the shell and a hook member in the shape of a long strip and located in the shell are arranged on the side wall of the knife seat, a radio frequency knife head 2 is arranged on the hook member, the radio frequency knife head 1 and the radio frequency knife head 2 are respectively electrically connected to the power plug on the handle portion, and the hook member can rotate with the knife seat to the outside of the bottom end of the shell and be locked.
[0008] The present surgical instrument integrates a radio frequency blade head 1 and a radio frequency blade head 2, wherein the radio frequency blade head 1 is arranged on the side wall of the blade seat, and the radio frequency blade head 2 is arranged on the hook piece of the blade seat. At the same time, the joystick and the blade seat are transmission-connected by setting a meshing active bevel gear and a driven bevel gear, and the rotational motion of the joystick along its axial direction is converted into the rotational motion of the blade seat around the damping shaft perpendicular thereto. In the initial state, the radio frequency blade head 1 is located on the outer side of the bottom end of the shell, and the radio frequency blade head 1 can work after power is turned on. When the hook piece rotates with the blade seat to the outer side of the bottom end of the shell and is locked, the hook piece can be used as a hook. At the same time, the radio frequency blade head 2 on the hook piece can work after power is turned on, that is, the radio frequency blade head 1 and the hook piece and the radio frequency blade head 2 can select one to work, so that the present surgical instrument can be used as a traditional radio frequency knife, and can also be used as a radio frequency knife that can be realized. The new radio frequency knife with the function of separating and shearing ligaments can be used for multiple purposes. When in use, the operator only needs to turn the handle at the top of the joystick to make the radio frequency blade head 2 rotate with the hook piece and the blade seat to the outside of the bottom end of the shell, or to reset the radio frequency blade head 2 and re-accommodate it on the shell, so as to realize the switching of radio frequency blade head 1 and radio frequency blade head 2. It has a simple structure and is easy to operate. The damping shaft can lock the blade seat and the hook piece after rotation, and the operation is safer. At the same time, the surgical instrument with the function of separating and shearing ligaments can reduce the surgical sequence, shorten the operation time, and reduce damage to the human body. At the same time, the radio frequency blade head 1 and the radio frequency blade head 2 of the surgical instrument can work only when powered on, which can avoid the surgical instrument from damaging the spinal cord or nerve roots when operating or entering and exiting the human body, causing secondary trauma.
[0009] In the above-mentioned surgical instrument, the hooking member includes a columnar hooking portion and a spherical limiting portion, the hooking portion is integrally formed on the knife seat, the limiting portion is located at the end of the hooking portion away from the knife seat, the RF blade head 2 is arranged on the side wall of the hooking portion facing the knife seat, a clearance gap 1 is provided on the shell, and the knife seat and the hooking member are located in the clearance gap 1. The columnar hooking portion can better hook the ligament, and the spherical limiting portion can avoid obstacles when hooking the ligament on the one hand, and can limit the hooked ligament in the hooking portion on the other hand. The hooking portion is integrally formed on the knife seat, which can increase the structural strength. The hooking member, knife seat and other components of this instrument are smooth and round, so that during the operation, the components of this instrument will not cause damage to the dura mater and nerve roots. In addition, the clearance gap 1 can avoid the knife seat and the hooking member from interfering with the shell when accommodating the RF blade head 2.
[0010] In the above-mentioned surgical instrument, the RF blade head 1 is arranged relative to the active bevel gear in the upper and lower parts, the lower end face of the RF blade head 1 is an arcuate surface, and the shell is provided with a clearance gap 2 for accommodating the RF blade head 1. The RF blade head 1 is arranged relative to the active bevel gear in the upper and lower parts, so that the position of the RF blade head 1 and the shell can be roughly consistent and not excessively offset, which is beneficial to the surgeon's surgical operation. At the same time, the RF blade head 1 can also partially cover the bottom end of the shell. The lower end face of the RF blade head 1 is set as an arcuate surface. On the one hand, it can prevent the RF blade head 1 from damaging human tissue and causing secondary trauma. On the other hand, it can also make the laser on the RF blade head 1 be emitted evenly. The clearance gap 2 can prevent the RF blade head 1 from interfering with the shell in motion when the RF blade head 1 is accommodated.
[0011] In the above-mentioned surgical instrument, the rotation angle range of the damping shaft is 0°-90°. When the rotation angle of the damping shaft is 0°, the RF blade head 1 is located outside the bottom end of the shell and works. When the rotation angle of the damping shaft is 90°, the RF blade head 2 rotates with the hook member to the outside of the bottom end of the shell and works. At the same time, the damping shaft can form a self-locking function so that the position of the blade holder and the hook member relative to the shell is locked, that is, when the rotation angle of the damping shaft is 90°, the hook member rotates with the blade holder to the outside of the bottom end of the shell and locks. When the hook member hooks the ligament, the ligament presses against the hook member so that the damping shaft tends to rotate to a larger angle. However, at this time, the damping shaft has rotated to the maximum angle of 90° and cannot be rotated further. The angle is more conducive to the locking of the damping shaft, the blade holder and the hook member and the hooking of the ligament by the hook member, and the ligament separation and shearing operation can be better performed.
[0012] In the above-mentioned surgical instrument, the handle portion includes a columnar handle body and a switch knob rotatably disposed on the handle body, the power plug is disposed on the switch knob, and an electrode plate electrically connected to the power plug is disposed at the end of the switch knob facing the handle body, and the handle body is provided with electrode column 1 and electrode column 2 electrically connected to RF blade head 1 and RF blade head 2 respectively, and the electrode plate can selectively abut and cooperate with electrode column 1 or electrode column 2 up and down to achieve electrical connection. By configuring the handle portion to be a columnar handle body and a switch knob rotatably disposed on the handle body, the power on and off of RF blade head 1 and RF blade head 2 can be adjusted by rotating the switch knob, which has a simple structure and is easy to use.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this surgical instrument are: 1. This surgical instrument integrates radio frequency blade head 1 and radio frequency blade head 2 on the hook piece, which can be used as a traditional radio frequency knife, and can also be used as a new type of radio frequency knife that can separate and shear ligaments, making it a multi-purpose instrument.
[0014] 2. The surgical instrument with the function of separating and shearing ligaments can reduce the number of surgical operations, shorten the operation time, and reduce damage to the human body. At the same time, the radio frequency blade head 1 and the radio frequency blade head 2 of the surgical instrument can work only when powered on, which can prevent the surgical instrument from damaging the spinal cord or nerve roots when operating or entering and exiting the human body, causing secondary trauma.
[0015] 3. The hook, knife holder and other parts of the instrument are smooth and round, so that during the operation, the parts of the instrument will not cause damage to the dura mater and nerve roots. The instrument is simple and convenient to operate, easy to use, accurate and safe in cutting, and has the value of promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the surgical instrument.
[0017] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.
[0018] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the surgical instrument.
[0019] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.
[0020] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the surgical instrument when using the radio frequency blade head 2.
[0021] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle.
[0022] Figure 7 It is a partial exploded view of the surgical instrument.
[0023] It should be noted that: Figure 1 It is also a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the surgical instrument when using a radio frequency blade.
[0024] In the figure, 1, shell; 1a, clearance gap one; 1b, clearance gap two; 2, joystick; 2a, handle part; 2a1, handle body; 2a2, switch knob; 3, knife seat; 4, power plug; 5, driving bevel gear; 6, damping shaft; 7, driven bevel gear; 8, radio frequency knife head one; 9, hook piece; 9a, hook part; 9b, limit part; 10, radio frequency knife head two; 11, electrode plate; 12, electrode column one; 13, electrode column two; 14, bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
[0026] A surgical instrument, see Figure 1-7 , comprising a shell 1, in which a rotatable joystick 2 and a rotatable knife seat 3 are arranged, the top of the joystick 2 has a handle portion 2a extending out of the shell 1 and provided with a power plug 4, the bottom of the joystick 2 is provided with an active bevel gear 5, one end of the knife seat 3 is connected to the shell 1 through a damping shaft 6, the rotation angle range of the damping shaft 6 is 0°-90°, the other end of the knife seat 3 is provided with a driven bevel gear 7 meshing with the active bevel gear 5, a radio frequency blade head 8 located outside the bottom end of the shell 1 and a hooking member 9 in a long strip shape and located in the shell 1 are arranged on the side wall of the knife seat 3, a radio frequency blade head 2 10 is arranged on the hooking member 9, the radio frequency blade head 1 8 and the radio frequency blade head 2 10 are respectively electrically connected to the power plug 4 on the handle portion 2a, and the hooking member 9 can rotate with the knife seat 3 to the outside of the bottom end of the shell 1 and be locked.
[0027] Specifically, refer to Figure 1-7 The hooking member 9 includes a columnar hooking portion 9a and a spherical limiting portion 9b, the hooking portion 9a is integrally formed on the knife seat 3, the limiting portion 9b is located at the end of the hooking portion 9a away from the knife seat 3, the RF blade head 10 is arranged on the side wall of the hooking portion 9a facing the knife seat 3, a clearance gap 1a is opened on the shell 1, and the knife seat 3 and the hooking member 9 are located in the clearance gap 1a.
[0028] More specifically, refer to Figure 1-7The RF cutter head 8 and the active bevel gear 5 are arranged opposite to each other in upper and lower directions. The lower end surface of the RF cutter head 8 is an arc-shaped surface. The housing 1 is provided with a clearance notch 1b for accommodating the RF cutter head 8.
[0029] More specifically, refer to Figure 1-7 The handle portion 2a includes a columnar handle body 2a1 and a switch knob 2a2 rotatably arranged on the handle body 2a1, the power plug 4 is arranged on the switch knob 2a2, and the end of the switch knob 2a2 facing the handle body 2a1 is provided with an electrode plate 11 electrically connected to the power plug 4, and the handle body 2a1 is provided with an electrode column 12 and an electrode column 2 13 electrically connected to the RF blade head 1 8 and the RF blade head 2 10 respectively, and the electrode plate 11 can selectively abut and cooperate with the electrode column 12 or the electrode column 2 13 up and down to achieve electrical connection.
[0030] The following will explain the working principle of this surgical instrument:
[0031] During the operation, the surgical instrument is inserted into the patient's body, and the position and posture of the surgical instrument are adjusted so that the radio frequency blade head 8 is aligned with the cell tissue at the part of the patient that needs to be surgically removed. Then the power plug 4 is connected to the power socket, and the switch knob 2a2 is rotated to the position where the electrode plate 11 and the electrode column 12 are in contact with each other up and down, so that the radio frequency blade head 8 emits laser light. Then, the position and posture of the surgical instrument are constantly fine-tuned during the operation, and finally, the cell tissue at the part of the patient that needs to be surgically removed is removed through electrotherapy.
[0032] When it is necessary to separate and shear a ligament (such as the yellow ligament) during surgery, the surgical instrument is inserted into the patient's body, and the position and posture of the surgical instrument are adjusted so that the surgical instrument reaches the yellow ligament attachment that needs to be removed by the patient. The surgeon then holds the instrument with one hand and rotates the handle portion 2a with the other hand to rotate the joystick 2 relative to the housing 1 (the joystick 2 is connected to the housing 1 through a number of bearings 14). The active bevel gear 5 arranged at the bottom of the joystick 2 rotates synchronously with the joystick 2, and at the same time, the active bevel gear 5 drives the driven bevel gear 7 meshing with it to rotate synchronously, and the driven bevel gear 7 in turn drives the knife seat 3 arranged thereon to rotate synchronously, that is, the knife seat 3 rotates relative to the housing 1 through the damping shaft 6, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 At this time, the rotation angle of the damping shaft 6 is 0°. Figure 5 and Figure 6At this time, the rotation angle of the damping shaft 6 is 90°. Since the rotation angle range of the damping shaft 6 of the instrument is 0°-90°, the damping shaft 6 forms a self-locking state so that the position of the knife seat 3 is locked relative to the housing 1. Then, the surgeon adjusts the position and posture of the surgical instrument so that the hooking member 9 of the instrument can smoothly hook the yellow ligament, that is, separate the yellow ligament from the dura mater. At this time, the radiofrequency blade head 10 located on the hooking portion 9a of the hooking member 9 is arranged relative to the yellow ligament hooked by the hooking member 9. Then connect the power plug 4 to the power socket, rotate the switch knob 2a2 to the position where the electrode plate 11 and the electrode column 13 are in contact with each other, so that the radio frequency blade head 10 emits a laser to complete the cutting of the yellow ligament. After cutting the yellow ligament, separate the power plug 4 from the power socket, and then rotate the handle part 2a in the opposite direction to reset the blade seat 3 and the hook 9. Then take the surgical instrument out of the patient's body and perform subsequent surgical operations. After the operation, rinse and disinfect the instrument and wait for use in the next operation.
[0033] The present surgical instrument integrates a radio frequency blade head 1 8 and a radio frequency blade head 2 10, and can be used as a traditional radio frequency blade, and can also be used as a new type of radio frequency blade that can separate and shear ligaments. It is a one-piece multi-purpose instrument. The present surgical instrument with the functions of separating and shearing ligaments can reduce the surgical sequence, shorten the operation time, and reduce damage to the human body. At the same time, the radio frequency blade head 1 8 and the radio frequency blade head 2 10 of the present surgical instrument can work only when powered on, which can prevent the present surgical instrument from damaging the spinal cord or nerve roots when operating or entering and exiting the human body, causing secondary trauma. In addition, the hook 9, the blade holder 3 and other components of the present instrument are smooth and round, so that during the operation, the components of the present instrument will not cause damage to the dura mater and nerve roots. The present instrument is simple and convenient to operate, easy to use, and can cut accurately and safely, and has the value of popularization and application.
[0034] The specific embodiments described herein are merely examples of the spirit of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in similar ways, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A surgical instrument, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: A rotatable operating lever (2) and a rotatable knife seat (3) are arranged in the housing (1); the top of the operating lever (2) has a handle portion (2a) extending out of the housing (1) and provided with a power plug (4); the bottom of the operating lever (2) is provided with a driving bevel gear (5); one end of the knife seat (3) is connected to the housing (1) via a damping shaft (6); the other end of the knife seat (3) is provided with a driven bevel gear (7) meshing with the driving bevel gear (5); A radio frequency blade head 1 (8) located outside the bottom end of the shell (1) and a hooking member (9) in the shape of an elongated strip and located inside the shell (1) are arranged on the side wall of the blade holder (3); a radio frequency blade head 2 (10) is arranged on the hooking member (9); the radio frequency blade head 1 (8) and the radio frequency blade head 2 (10) are respectively electrically connected to a power plug (4) on the handle portion (2a); and the hooking member (9) can rotate with the blade holder (3) to the outside of the bottom end of the shell (1) and be locked.
2. A surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hooking member (9) comprises a columnar hooking portion (9a) and a spherical limiting portion (9b); the hooking portion (9a) is integrally formed on the knife seat (3); the limiting portion (9b) is located at the end of the hooking portion (9a) away from the knife seat (3); the radio frequency blade head 2 (10) is arranged on the side wall of the hooking portion (9a) facing the knife seat (3); a clearance notch 1 (1a) is provided on the shell (1); the knife seat (3) and the hooking member (9) are located in the clearance notch 1 (1a).
3. A surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency cutter head 1 (8) and the active bevel gear (5) are arranged opposite to each other in the upper and lower directions. The lower end surface of the radio frequency cutter head 1 (8) is an arc-shaped surface. The housing (1) is provided with a clearance notch 2 (1b) for accommodating the radio frequency cutter head 1 (8).
4. A surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation angle range of the damping shaft (6) is 0°-90°.
5. A surgical instrument according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The handle portion (2a) comprises a columnar handle body (2a1) and a switch knob (2a2) rotatably arranged on the handle body (2a1); the power plug (4) is arranged on the switch knob (2a2); an electrode plate (11) electrically connected to the power plug (4) is arranged at the end of the switch knob (2a2) facing the handle body (2a1); an electrode column one (12) and an electrode column two (13) electrically connected to the radio frequency blade head one (8) and the radio frequency blade head two (10) are arranged on the handle body (2a1); and the electrode plate (11) can selectively abut and cooperate with the electrode column one (12) or the electrode column two (13) up and down to achieve electrical connection.