Novel fuel cell thermal management system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel fuel cell thermal management system which comprises a box body, a heater and a radiator, the box body is in a step shape with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part, a three-way temperature control valve and a radiator interface are fixedly arranged on the side wall of the upper part of the box body, and three interfaces of the three-way temperature control valve are respectively communicated with an electric pile heat-conducting medium pipeline outlet, the interior of the box body and the radiator; the radiator interface is communicated with the interior of the box body and is connected with the radiator through a pipeline, a deionizer and a liquid pump are fixedly arranged on the inner bottom wall of the box body, and the liquid pump is connected with an inlet of a galvanic pile heat-conducting medium pipeline through a liquid pump interface arranged on the box body; the liquid pump can absorb water in a self-filling mode through the stepped box body with the wide upper portion and the narrow lower portion, the cavitation phenomenon is avoided, the deionizer and the liquid pump are arranged in the box body, compared with a traditional deionizer which is connected in a pipeline in parallel, the conductive ion filtering efficiency is higher, and the problems that the pressure drop of the pipeline is increased, the load of the liquid pump is increased and the like cannot occur.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a novel fuel cell thermal management system. Background Art

[0002] A hydrogen fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy of fuel and oxidant directly into electrical energy. The basic principle of a hydrogen fuel cell is the reverse reaction of water electrolysis, where hydrogen and oxygen are supplied to the anode and cathode respectively. After hydrogen diffuses outward through the anode and reacts with the electrolyte, it releases electrons that pass through an external load to the cathode, while releasing a large amount of heat energy.

[0003] In order for hydrogen fuel cells to perform well, the stack needs to be maintained at a reasonable operating temperature, such as (70℃~85℃). When the fuel cell is cold-started, the internal temperature of the stack is low, the catalyst activity decreases, the output voltage decreases, and the stack performance deteriorates. As the reaction continues, the stack releases a large amount of heat, and the internal temperature of the stack increases. Excessive temperature will cause the humidity of the proton exchange membrane to decrease, affecting molecular diffusion. Therefore, when the temperature is too high, the proton exchange membrane will be dehydrated, the conductivity will decrease, and the stack performance will deteriorate.

[0004] The existing system pipelines for maintaining the temperature of the battery stack are complex, lengthy, and bulky, making installation, testing, and maintenance inconvenient. At the same time, the deionizer is generally connected in parallel to the pipeline of the cooling system, so that only part of the coolant passes through the deionizer, and the conductive ions in the coolant are filtered out slowly. If the deionizer is connected in series to the pipeline of the cooling system, the deionizer causes the pipeline pressure drop to increase, and the coolant pump load increases, which is not conducive to the long-term stable operation of the coolant pump. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a novel fuel cell thermal management system to solve the problems raised by the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a fuel cell temperature control system, comprising a box, a heater, and a radiator, the heater is fixedly arranged on the box, the radiator is connected to the inside of the box through a pipeline, the box is in a stepped shape with a width at the top and a narrowness at the bottom, a detachable box cover is arranged on the top of the box, a heat transfer medium inlet is arranged above the box cover, a heat transfer medium outlet is arranged at the bottom of the box, a three-way temperature control valve and a radiator interface are fixedly arranged on the upper side wall of the box, the three interfaces of the three-way temperature control valve are respectively connected to the outlet of the heat transfer medium pipeline of the stack, the inside of the box, and the radiator, and the three-way temperature control valve is electrically connected to the temperature sensor on the heat transfer medium pipeline of the stack, the radiator interface is connected to the inside of the box and the radiator interface is connected to the radiator through a pipeline, a deionizer and a liquid pump are fixedly arranged on the bottom wall of the box, the liquid pump is connected to the inlet of the heat transfer medium pipeline of the stack through the liquid pump interface arranged on the box, and the heater is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the box.

[0007] Furthermore, a filter is provided at the interface where the three-way temperature control valve communicates with the interior of the box.

[0008] Setting a filter can filter out impurities in the heat transfer medium (such as carbon powder and some metal and non-metal powders), ensuring that the heat transfer medium is clean and free of impurities.

[0009] Furthermore, a breathing valve is fixedly arranged on the box cover.

[0010] The breathing valve can maintain the atmospheric pressure inside the box constant, and avoid the box being damaged by excessive pressure difference inside and outside the box when the liquid pump is working.

[0011] Furthermore, a transparent liquid level window is provided on the side wall of the box.

[0012] A transparent liquid level window is provided to facilitate observation of the amount of heat transfer medium in the box and the working conditions of the liquid pump and deionizer inside the box.

[0013] Furthermore, the heater, the three-way temperature control valve and the liquid pump are connected to the controller via a circuit.

[0014] The heater, three-way temperature control valve and liquid pump are turned on and off by the controller to improve the automation and practicality of the device.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] 1. The utility model sets a stepped box body with a wide top and a narrow bottom. When the heat transfer medium circulates, only a small amount of heat transfer medium is needed to completely submerge the liquid pump at the bottom of the box body, so that the liquid pump can absorb water in a self-priming manner, while avoiding cavitation and extending the service life of the coolant pump.

[0017] 2. The utility model arranges the deionizer and the liquid pump together inside the box, which is equivalent to connecting the deionizer and the liquid pump in series. Compared with the traditional deionizer connected in parallel in the system pipeline, only part of the coolant passes through the deionizer, and the conductive ion removal efficiency is higher. It solves the problem that when the deionizer and the liquid pump are directly connected in series, the deionizer causes the pipeline pressure drop to increase, the liquid pump load increases, and it is not conducive to the long-term stable operation of the liquid pump. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a new fuel cell thermal management system provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a new fuel cell thermal management system box and a connection structure on the box provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box provided by the embodiment of the utility model;

[0021] In the figure, 1-box, 2-heater, 3-radiator, 4-three-way temperature control valve, 5-liquid pump, 6-deionizer, 7-filter, 8-breathing valve, 9-cell stack, 41-heat transfer medium inlet of three-way temperature control valve, 42-heat transfer medium outlet of three-way temperature control valve, 43-box inlet of three-way temperature control valve, 101-box cover, 102-heat transfer medium inlet, 103-liquid level window, 104-heat transfer medium outlet, 105-radiator interface, 106-liquid pump interface, 601-deionizer limiter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0023] See also Figure 1-Figure 3The utility model provides a technical solution: a fuel cell temperature control system, including a box body 1, a heater 2, a radiator 3, a three-way temperature control valve 4, a liquid pump 5, and a deionizer 6. The heater 2 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the box body 1, and a radiator interface 105 and a three-way temperature control valve 4 are fixedly arranged on the upper two side walls of the box body 1, respectively. The radiator interface 105 is communicated with the inside of the box body 1 and the radiator interface 105 is communicated with the inlet of the radiator 3. The three interfaces of the three-way temperature control valve 4 are respectively communicated with the outlet of the heat transfer medium pipeline of the stack, the inside of the box body 1, and the outlet of the radiator 3, and the three-way temperature control valve 4 is electrically connected to the temperature sensor on the heat transfer medium pipeline of the stack. The liquid pump 5 is fixedly arranged at the lower part of the box body 1, and the liquid pump 5 is connected to the inlet of the heat transfer medium pipeline of the stack through the liquid pump interface 106 arranged on the box body 1. The deionizer 6 is fixedly installed at the lower part of the box body 1 through the deionizer limiter 601.

[0024] The box body 1 is in a stepped shape that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. A box cover 101 that is detachably connected by bolts is provided on the top of the box body 1. A heat-conducting medium inlet 102 and a breathing valve 8 are provided above the box cover 101. A transparent liquid level window 103 is provided on the side wall of the box body 1. The heat-conducting medium capacity in the box body 1 can be observed through the liquid level window 103. When the capacity is insufficient, the heat-conducting medium can be added in time through the heat-conducting medium inlet 102. A heat-conducting medium outlet 104 is provided at the bottom of the box body 1. Plugs are provided on the heat-conducting medium inlet 102 and the heat-conducting medium outlet 104 to screw them closed.

[0025] In this embodiment, in order to prevent carbon powder and some metal and non-metal powders from being generated inside the pipeline during long-term use of the system and being carried into the liquid pump 5 by the flow of the heat-conducting medium to damage the liquid pump 5, a filter 7 is provided at the three-way temperature control valve box inlet 43 where the three-way temperature control valve 4 is connected to the inside of the box 1, for filtering impurities in the heat-conducting medium. In order to make the device more convenient to use, the heater 2, the three-way temperature control valve 4, and the liquid pump 5 are connected to the controller through a circuit, and the opening and closing of the heater 2, the three-way temperature control valve 4, and the liquid pump 5 are controlled by the controller, so as to facilitate the operation of the staff.

[0026] In the specific implementation process of the present invention, when the temperature of the battery stack 9 is low or the battery stack 9 is cold started, the temperature sensor on the battery stack 9 transmits the temperature information to the controller, and the controller turns on the heater 2 to heat the heat transfer medium. The circulation route of the heat transfer medium is: liquid pump 5-→battery stack 9→three-way temperature control valve heat transfer medium inlet 41→three-way temperature control valve box inlet 43→box 1→liquid pump 5. At this time, the pipeline circulation path is very short, and the temperature of the heat transfer medium can be quickly increased by the heater 2. The heated heat transfer medium circulates in the heat transfer medium circulation pipeline inside the battery stack 9, so that the battery stack 9 is quickly heated to a reasonable operating temperature, so that the battery stack 9 can achieve excellent performance in a short time.

[0027] As the chemical reaction continues, the battery stack 9 releases a large amount of heat. When the temperature of the battery stack 9 rises rapidly, the battery stack 9 needs to be cooled. At this time, the controller stops heating by the heater 2 after receiving the signal transmitted by the temperature sensor on the battery stack 9, and changes the path of the three-way temperature control valve 4 through the circuit to: three-way temperature control valve heat transfer medium inlet 41 → three-way temperature control valve heat transfer medium outlet 42, so that the heat transfer medium flows into the radiator 3 to dissipate the heat contained in the heat transfer medium, and quickly cools the battery stack 9 under the circulation of the liquid pump 5; the circulation route of the heat transfer medium is: liquid pump 5 → battery stack 9 → three-way temperature control valve heat transfer medium inlet 41 → three-way temperature control valve heat transfer medium outlet 42 → radiator 3 → box 1 → liquid pump 5, the heat of the heat transfer medium is dissipated through the radiator 3, the temperature of the heat transfer medium is reduced, thereby cooling the battery stack 9, so that the battery stack 9 is maintained at an optimal working temperature.

[0028] It should be noted that the radiator 3, the three-way temperature control valve 4, the liquid pump 5, the deionizer 6 and the matching deionizer stopper 601, the filter 7, the breathing valve 8, and the controller are all commercial components purchased on the market, and their specific models and specifications need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device, etc. The selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail. The control principle of the controller is clear to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0029] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art may still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel fuel cell thermal management system, comprising a box, a heater, and a radiator, wherein the heater is fixedly mounted on the box, and the radiator is connected to the inside of the box through a pipeline, characterized in that: The box body is in a stepped shape that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. A detachably connected box cover is provided on the top of the box body, a heat-conducting medium inlet is provided above the box cover, and a heat-conducting medium outlet is provided at the bottom of the box body. A three-way temperature control valve and a radiator interface are fixedly provided on the upper side wall of the box body. The three interfaces of the three-way temperature control valve are respectively connected to the outlet of the heat-conducting medium pipeline of the battery stack, the inside of the box body, and the radiator, and the three-way temperature control valve is electrically connected to the temperature sensor on the heat-conducting medium pipeline of the battery stack. The radiator interface is connected to the inside of the box body and the radiator interface is connected to the radiator through a pipeline. A deionizer and a liquid pump are fixedly provided on the bottom wall of the box body. The liquid pump is connected to the inlet of the heat-conducting medium pipeline of the battery stack through the liquid pump interface provided on the box body, and the heater is fixedly provided at the bottom of the box body.

2. The novel fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter is provided at the interface where the three-way temperature control valve communicates with the interior of the box.

3. The novel fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A breathing valve is fixedly arranged on the box cover.

4. The novel fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transparent liquid level window is arranged on the side wall of the box body.

5. The novel fuel cell thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heater, the three-way temperature control valve and the liquid pump are connected to the controller through a circuit.

Images