Water distribution system of fuel cell

Abstract

The utility model provides a fuel cell water distribution system which comprises a water distributor, an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline, the inlet pipeline and the outlet pipeline are respectively communicated with two ends of the water distributor, the inlet pipeline is in a subsonic diffuser type, and the outlet pipeline is in a subsonic spray pipe type. According to the utility model, on the basis of the subsonic speed characteristic of the compressible fluid, the inlet and outlet pipelines of the water segregator are optimally designed, so that the technical problem that the measure for improving the water segregation efficiency is limited because the conventional water segregator for the fuel cell only focuses on the internal structure design is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cell drainage, in particular to a fuel cell water distribution system. Background Art

[0002] A large amount of liquid water is generated during the operation of the fuel cell system. The separation of the liquid water in the hydrogen supply channel has an important impact on the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell. Therefore, a water separator is usually installed at the outlet of the hydrogen supply channel to remove the liquid water.

[0003] Traditional water separators for fuel cells generally only focus on the internal structure design, and improve the water separation efficiency by making some improvements to the internal structure of the water separator, such as the "a fuel cell water separator" disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent with the authorization announcement number CN217522060U and the "a fuel cell anode water separator" disclosed in the Chinese utility model patent with the authorization announcement number CN213668319U. However, these water separators will inevitably have a lot of liquid water that cannot be separated, which affects the power generation efficiency of the system when the fuel cell is running at high power. So, if we can make improvements in other aspects, break the ideological constraints of traditional water separators that only focus on improving the internal structure, and increase improvement measures to improve the water separation efficiency, this will undoubtedly be of great significance to improving the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell system. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model proposes a fuel cell water distribution system based on the subsonic characteristics of compressible fluid. The water distribution system optimizes the design of the inlet and outlet pipelines of the water distributor, solving the technical problem that the existing fuel cell water distributor is limited in improving the water distribution efficiency due to the focus on internal structure design.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The utility model provides a fuel cell water distribution system, comprising a water distributor and an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline respectively connected to two ends of the water distributor, wherein the inlet pipeline is a subsonic diffuser style, and the outlet pipeline is a subsonic nozzle style.

[0007] Preferably, a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet are respectively formed at both ends of the water distributor, the inlet pipeline is horizontally connected to the fluid inlet, and the outlet pipeline is horizontally connected to the fluid outlet.

[0008] Preferably, the flow rate of the fluid at one end of the inlet pipeline away from the fluid inlet is greater than the flow rate of the fluid at one end of the inlet pipeline close to the fluid inlet, and the temperature and pressure of the fluid at one end of the inlet pipeline away from the fluid inlet are lower than the temperature and pressure of the fluid at one end of the inlet pipeline close to the fluid inlet.

[0009] Preferably, the flow rate of the fluid at one end of the outlet pipeline far from the fluid outlet is greater than the flow rate of the fluid at one end of the outlet pipeline close to the fluid outlet.

[0010] Preferably, the inlet pipeline includes a first pipeline, the diameter of which gradually increases from an end away from the fluid inlet to an end close to the fluid inlet, the small diameter end of the first pipeline is used to receive the fluid, and the large diameter end of the first pipeline is connected to the fluid inlet.

[0011] Preferably, the inlet pipeline also includes a second pipeline, the diameter of the second pipeline matches the diameter of the small diameter end of the first pipeline, one end of the second pipeline is used to pass fluid, and the other end of the second pipeline is connected to the small diameter end of the first pipeline.

[0012] Preferably, the outlet pipeline includes a third pipeline, the diameter of the third pipeline gradually increases from an end far away from the fluid outlet to an end close to the fluid outlet, the small diameter end of the third pipeline is used to discharge fluid, and the large diameter end of the third pipeline is connected to the fluid outlet.

[0013] Preferably, the outlet pipeline further includes a fourth pipeline, the diameter of the fourth pipeline matches the diameter of the small diameter end of the third pipeline, one end of the fourth pipeline is used to discharge fluid, and the other end of the fourth pipeline is connected to the small diameter end of the third pipeline.

[0014] Preferably, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe have smooth inner walls.

[0015] Preferably, the water separator is one or more of the following types: baffle type, gravity type, centrifugal force type, packing type and microporous filtration type.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model mainly include:

[0017] The utility model provides a fuel cell water separation system, which utilizes the relevant characteristics of compressible fluid to optimize the design of the inlet and outlet pipes of the water separator, specifically, the inlet pipeline is designed as a subsonic diffuser style, which can reduce the flow rate of the fluid entering the water separator and increase the temperature and pressure of the fluid entering the water separator; at the same time, the outlet pipeline is designed as a subsonic nozzle style, which can increase the speed of the fluid coming out of the water separator, so that by adjusting the parameters of the fluid before entering the water separator and after coming out of the water separator, the separation efficiency of liquid water is improved, and the stable operation of the fuel cell system is ensured. The utility model provides a variety of measures to improve the separation efficiency of liquid water, breaking the current situation that the existing water separator only focuses on the internal structure design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of one of the embodiments;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment.

[0021] As shown in the figure:

[0022] 1-water distributor, 11-fluid inlet, 12-fluid outlet;

[0023] 2 – inlet pipeline, 21 – first pipeline, 22 – second pipeline;

[0024] 3 – outlet pipeline, 31 – third pipeline, 32 – fourth pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0026] According to the structure of the existing water divider, it can be seen that there are nozzle-shaped channels at the fluid inlet and outlet of the water divider. When the fluid flows through this channel, the flow rate only changes in the flow direction. Therefore, we can approximate such flow as a one-dimensional isentropic flow.

[0027] Based on the one-dimensional isentropic flow principle, we know that the water separator is usually installed on the hydrogen supply pipeline, and the cost of the mixed fluid flowing through it is mainly hydrogen, and it is also mixed with liquid water and water vapor. Since hydrogen is dominant in the mixed fluid, we can ignore the flow rate of liquid water and water vapor. After actual measurement, it is found that the flow rate of hydrogen is less than the speed of sound. Therefore, when designing the inlet and outlet nozzles of the water separator, subsonic fluid characteristics are suitable.

[0028] Based on the above principle, the utility model provides a fuel cell water separation system, which can adjust the parameters of the fluid before the fluid enters the water separator by optimizing the inlet and outlet pipelines of the water separator, so as to improve the separation efficiency of the water separator.

[0029] like Figures 1-2As shown, the utility model provides a fuel cell water distribution system, including a water distributor 1, an inlet pipeline 2 and an outlet pipeline 3, wherein the inlet pipeline 2 and the outlet pipeline 3 are respectively connected to the two ends of the water distributor 1, and the inlet pipeline 2 is a subsonic diffuser style, and the outlet pipeline 3 is a subsonic nozzle style.

[0030] The utility model can adjust the parameters of the fluid through the inlet pipeline 2 of the subsonic diffuser style and the outlet pipeline 3 of the subsonic nozzle style, so as to be beneficial to the separation efficiency of the water separator 1, specifically:

[0031] 1. Beneficial effects of subsonic diffuser style inlet pipe 2

[0032] A. Ability to reduce the flow rate of the fluid: In the internal structure of the water separator 1, the gas and liquid water are separated under the action of gravity, and reducing the speed of the fluid is conducive to the separation of liquid water;

[0033] B. Ability to increase the temperature of the fluid: The gas components flowing into the water separator 1 are mainly hydrogen and water vapor. The amount of water vapor in the mixed gas depends on the current temperature of the mixed gas. The higher the temperature, the higher the saturated vapor pressure of the water vapor, which is manifested as a higher absolute humidity of the hydrogen, that is, more liquid water can be converted into water vapor. Therefore, increasing the temperature of the fluid can further accelerate the conversion of liquid water into water vapor and improve the separation efficiency of gas and liquid water;

[0034] C. Ability to increase fluid pressure: The fluid flowing into the water divider 1 will inevitably experience pressure loss due to the influence of the baffle and the flow channel. The pressure drop of the mixed gas will cause the saturated vapor pressure of the water vapor in the mixed gas to approach the upper limit, so that more water vapor is converted into liquid water. Therefore, increasing the fluid pressure is conducive to improving this phenomenon and improving the water separation efficiency of the water divider.

[0035] 2. Beneficial effects of the subsonic nozzle style outlet pipe 3

[0036] The fluid flowing out of the water separator 1 contains gas and a small amount of liquid water. In order to avoid agglomeration and retention of liquid water, the flow rate of the mixed fluid needs to be increased so that the unseparated liquid water can be quickly taken away from the water separator pipeline, thereby improving the separation efficiency.

[0037] Specifically, a fluid inlet 11 and a fluid outlet 12 are respectively formed at two ends of the water distributor 1 , the inlet pipeline 2 is horizontally connected to the fluid inlet 11 , and the outlet pipeline 3 is horizontally connected to the fluid outlet 12 .

[0038] Specifically, the flow rate of the fluid at the end of the inlet pipe 2 away from the fluid inlet 11 is greater than the flow rate of the fluid at the end of the inlet pipe 2 close to the fluid inlet 11, and the temperature and pressure of the fluid at the end of the inlet pipe 2 away from the fluid inlet 11 are lower than the temperature and pressure of the fluid at the end of the inlet pipe 2 close to the fluid inlet 11.

[0039] Specifically, the flow rate of the fluid at the end of the outlet pipe 3 far from the fluid outlet 12 is greater than the flow rate of the fluid at the end of the outlet pipe 3 close to the fluid outlet 12 .

[0040] Specifically, the inlet pipeline 2 includes a first pipeline 21, the diameter of the first pipeline 21 gradually increases from an end far away from the fluid inlet 11 to an end close to the fluid inlet 11, the small diameter end of the first pipeline 21 is used to receive the fluid, and the large diameter end of the first pipeline 21 is connected to the fluid inlet 11.

[0041] The inlet pipeline 2 further includes a second pipeline 22 , the diameter of which matches the diameter of the small diameter end of the first pipeline 21 , one end of the second pipeline 22 is used for passing fluid, and the other end of the second pipeline 22 is connected to the small diameter end of the first pipeline 21 .

[0042] Specifically, the outlet pipeline 3 includes a third pipeline 31, the diameter of the third pipeline 31 gradually increases from an end far away from the fluid outlet 12 to an end close to the fluid outlet 12, the small diameter end of the third pipeline 31 is used to discharge fluid, and the large diameter end of the third pipeline 31 is connected to the fluid outlet 12.

[0043] Specifically, the outlet pipeline 3 also includes a fourth pipeline 32 , the diameter of the fourth pipeline 32 matches the diameter of the small diameter end of the third pipeline 31 , one end of the fourth pipeline 32 is used to discharge fluid, and the other end of the fourth pipeline 32 is connected to the small diameter end of the third pipeline 31 .

[0044] Specifically, in order to apply the relevant characteristics of the compressed fluid, the inlet pipeline 2 and the outlet pipeline 3 have smooth inner walls.

[0045] Specifically, the structural form of the water divider 1 mentioned in the present invention is not limited, and can be one or more of the baffle type, gravity type, centrifugal force type, packing type and microporous filtration type, and can be flexibly selected according to needs during use.

[0046] In summary, the utility model provides a fuel cell water separation system, which utilizes the one-dimensional isentropic flow principle of compressible fluid, and uses a subsonic diffuser and a subsonic nozzle to adjust the parameters of the fluid before entering the water separator 1 and after exiting the water separator 1, thereby improving the separation efficiency of liquid water without increasing the cost, and ensuring the stable operation of the fuel cell system. At the same time, the utility model provides a variety of measures for improving the separation efficiency of liquid water, breaking the current situation where the existing water separator only focuses on the internal structure design.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell water distribution system, characterized in that: It includes a water separator and an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline respectively connected to the two ends of the water separator, wherein the inlet pipeline is a subsonic diffuser style, and the outlet pipeline is a subsonic nozzle style; wherein, A fluid inlet and a fluid outlet are respectively formed at both ends of the water distributor, the inlet pipeline includes a first pipeline, the diameter of the first pipeline gradually increases from the end away from the fluid inlet to the end close to the fluid inlet, the small diameter end of the first pipeline is used to receive the fluid, and the large diameter end of the first pipeline is connected to the fluid inlet; the outlet pipeline includes a third pipeline, the diameter of the third pipeline gradually increases from the end away from the fluid outlet to the end close to the fluid outlet, the small diameter end of the third pipeline is used to discharge the fluid, and the large diameter end of the third pipeline is connected to the fluid outlet.

2. The fuel cell water distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet pipeline is horizontally connected to the fluid inlet, and the outlet pipeline is horizontally connected to the fluid outlet.

3. The fuel cell water distribution system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flow rate of the fluid at one end of the inlet pipeline away from the fluid inlet is greater than the flow rate of the fluid at one end of the inlet pipeline close to the fluid inlet, and the temperature and pressure of the fluid at one end of the inlet pipeline away from the fluid inlet are lower than the temperature and pressure of the fluid at one end of the inlet pipeline close to the fluid inlet.

4. The fuel cell water distribution system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flow rate of the fluid at one end of the outlet pipeline far from the fluid outlet is greater than the flow rate of the fluid at one end of the outlet pipeline close to the fluid outlet.

5. The fuel cell water distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet pipeline also includes a second pipeline, the diameter of the second pipeline matches the diameter of the small diameter end of the first pipeline, one end of the second pipeline is used for passing fluid, and the other end of the second pipeline is connected to the small diameter end of the first pipeline.

6. The fuel cell water distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet pipeline further includes a fourth pipeline, the diameter of which matches the diameter of the small-diameter end of the third pipeline, one end of the fourth pipeline is used to discharge fluid, and the other end of the fourth pipeline is connected to the small-diameter end of the third pipeline.

7. The fuel cell water distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet pipe and the outlet pipe have smooth inner walls.

8. The fuel cell water distribution system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water separator is one or more of the following types: baffle type, gravity type, centrifugal force type, filler type and microporous filtration type.

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