Automatic unhooking and hooking device and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to an automatic unhooking and hooking device and a vehicle. The butt joint seat is fixedly arranged on the first side of the fixed base, and a butt joint groove and a guide through hole communicating with the butt joint groove are formed in the butt joint seat; the driving assembly is arranged on the fixed base; the supporting seat is arranged on the first side of the fixed base; the transmission assembly is arranged on the supporting seat and is in transmission connection with the driving assembly; the butt-joint connecting rod assembly is arranged on the supporting base and connected with the transmission assembly, and the driving assembly can drive the butt-joint connecting rod assembly to move through the transmission assembly so that the butt-joint connecting rod assembly can be inserted into or pulled out of the butt-joint groove; and the position detection assembly is arranged on the butt joint seat. Effective butt joint of a vehicle and the skip bucket can be guaranteed, so that the butt joint success rate is increased, and the material transportation efficiency is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to an automatic unhooking device and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In the process of logistics transportation, materials are usually loaded into the bucket of the material truck, and then the logistics tractor is connected to the bucket of the material truck through a hook. After the materials are transported to the destination, the logistics transport vehicle is disconnected from the bucket of the material truck. The uncoupling of the logistics tractor from the bucket of the material truck is usually done manually. In this process, the input of manpower is increased, and the efficiency of the use of the logistics tractor is reduced.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, in the prior art, an automatic unhooking device arranged at the rear of the logistics transport vehicle is used to achieve the docking or unhooking of the logistics tractor and the material bucket. However, during docking, it is impossible to determine whether the relative position between the traction head of the logistics tractor and the material bucket is in place, which results in the inability of the automatic unhooking device to effectively dock, reducing the success rate of docking and further reducing the efficiency of material transportation.

[0004] Therefore, a kind of automatic unhooking device and tractor are needed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide an automatic unhooking device and a vehicle, which can ensure that the vehicle and the material bucket are effectively docked, thereby improving the success rate of docking and ensuring the efficiency of material transportation.

[0006] To achieve this purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] Automatic unhooking device, comprising:

[0008] A fixed base, capable of being fixedly arranged at the rear of a vehicle;

[0009] A docking seat, the docking seat is fixedly arranged on the first side of the fixed base, and the docking seat is provided with a docking groove and a guide through hole connected to the docking groove;

[0010] A driving assembly, wherein the driving assembly is arranged on the fixed base;

[0011] A support base, the support base being arranged on a first side of the fixed base;

[0012] A transmission assembly, the transmission assembly is arranged on the support seat and is in transmission connection with the drive assembly;

[0013] A docking connecting rod assembly, wherein the docking connecting rod assembly is arranged on the support seat and connected to the transmission assembly, and the driving assembly can drive the docking connecting rod assembly to move through the transmission assembly so that the docking connecting rod assembly is inserted into or withdrawn from the docking groove;

[0014] A position detection component is arranged on the docking seat and is electrically connected to the driving component.

[0015] In some embodiments, the driving assembly includes a mounting seat and a motor, wherein the mounting seat is fixedly disposed on the first side of the fixed base, the motor is disposed on the mounting seat, and the motor is transmission-connected to the transmission assembly, and the motor is electrically connected to the position detection assembly.

[0016] In some embodiments, the transmission assembly includes a driving half gear and a driven half gear, the driving half gear is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor, the driven half gear is arranged on the support seat, and the driving half gear is connected to the motor in a transmission manner, the driving half gear can engage with the driven half gear, and the driven half gear is connected to the docking connecting rod assembly, and the motor can drive the driving half gear to drive the driven half gear to rotate within a set angle.

[0017] In some embodiments, an arc-shaped groove is formed on the support seat, and a shifting rod is provided on the driving half-gear. The shifting rod extends from the arc-shaped groove, and the shifting rod is used to adjust the position of the driving half-gear.

[0018] In some embodiments, the docking connecting rod assembly includes a force arm, a connecting rod and a traction pin, one end of the force arm is connected to the driven half gear, the other end of the force arm is hinged to one end of the connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to the traction pin, and the traction pin is inserted in the guide through hole.

[0019] In some embodiments, a rotating shaft is disposed on the support seat, the driven half gear is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and a detachable positioning pin is disposed on the rotating shaft, and the positioning pin is used to limit the position of the rotating shaft on the support seat.

[0020] In some embodiments, the position detection component includes a sensor and a sliding plate, the sliding plate is slidably set in the docking groove, the sensor is set on the docking seat, and the sensor is electrically connected to the driving component, and the position detection component is configured as follows: when the traction head is inserted into the docking groove and pushes the sliding plate toward the bottom of the docking groove until the sensor senses the sliding plate, it is determined that the traction head is docked in place.

[0021] In some embodiments, it also includes a lower bucket and / or a guide member, wherein the lower bucket is arranged to be inclined downward, and the higher end of the lower bucket is connected to the docking seat. The lower bucket has a guide groove, and one end of the guide groove is connected to the docking groove. The guide member is arranged on both sides of the docking seat and protrudes relative to the lower wall of the docking groove.

[0022] In some embodiments, a limit pin is provided on the support seat, and the limit pin is used to limit the docking connecting rod assembly from being pulled out from the guide through hole.

[0023] A vehicle comprises a vehicle body and the automatic unhooking device as described above, wherein the automatic unhooking device is arranged on the vehicle body.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0025] The utility model provides an automatic unhooking device, wherein a docking seat, a driving assembly and a supporting seat are arranged on the first side of a fixed base, a docking groove and a guide through hole connected to the docking groove are provided on the docking seat, a transmission assembly and a docking connecting rod assembly are arranged on the supporting seat, the transmission assembly is connected to the driving assembly in a transmission manner, the docking connecting rod assembly is connected to the transmission assembly, a position detection assembly is arranged on the docking seat, and the position detection assembly is electrically connected to the driving assembly. When the traction head of the material bucket is docked with the automatic unhooking device, the traction head of the material bucket is inserted into the docking groove, and after the position detection assembly detects that the traction head is docked in place, the position detection assembly sends a signal to the driving assembly, the driving assembly drives the transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly drives the docking connecting rod assembly to be inserted into the docking groove, so that the docking connecting rod assembly is connected to the traction head to complete the docking. After the material is transported to the place, the driving assembly drives the transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly drives the docking connecting rod assembly to be pulled out of the docking groove, so that the docking connecting rod assembly is separated from the traction head, and at this time, the traction head is separated from the automatic towing hook device. Through the above method, it can ensure that the vehicle and the material bucket can be automatically and effectively docked and disconnected, improve the accuracy of docking and disconnection, reduce labor costs, and improve the efficiency of material transportation.

[0026] The utility model provides a vehicle, including a vehicle body and the automatic unhooking device as described above, which can ensure that the vehicle and the material bucket are effectively docked, thereby improving the success rate of the docking and ensuring the efficiency of material transportation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an automatic unhooking device of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of removing the protective shell of an automatic unhooking device of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an automatic unhooking device provided with a lower bucket in the utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a transmission assembly and a docking connecting rod assembly in an automatic unhooking device of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the inclined arrangement of the lower bucket in an automatic hook-off device of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 6 It is another schematic diagram of the inclined arrangement of the lower bucket in an automatic unhooking device of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 7 This is another schematic diagram of the inclined arrangement of the lower bucket in the automatic hook-off device of the utility model;

[0035] Figure 8 The utility model is a schematic diagram of a guide piece installed in an automatic hook-off device.

[0036] In the figure:

[0037] 1. Fixed base; 11. Docking seat; 111. Docking groove; 112. Guide through hole; 113. Docking hole; 12. Support seat; 121. Arc groove; 13. First connecting bolt; 2. Drive assembly; 21. Motor; 211. Protective shell; 212. Lower base plate; 22. Mounting seat; 3. Transmission assembly; 31. Active half gear; 311. Push rod; 32. Driven half gear; 4. Docking connecting rod assembly; 41. Force arm; 411. Handle; 412. Rotating shaft; 42. Connecting rod; 43. Towing pin; 431. Limit seat; 44. Limit pin; 45. Positioning pin; 5. Position detection assembly; 51. Sliding plate; 52. Shell; 53. Sensor; 54. Maintenance plate; 6. Switch button; 7. Lower bucket; 71. Guide groove; 72. Guide piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] Before any embodiments of the application are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the application is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the above drawings.

[0039] In this application, the terms "comprises", "includes", "has" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of more restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device that includes the element.

[0040] In the present application, the terms "connect", "combine", "couple", and "install" may refer to direct connection, combination, coupling, or installation, or indirect connection, combination, coupling, or installation. For example, direct connection refers to two parts or components being connected together without the need for an intermediary, and indirect connection refers to two parts or components being connected to at least one intermediary respectively, and the two parts or components being connected via the intermediary. In addition, "connect" and "couple" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections or couplings, and may include electrical connections or couplings.

[0041] In the present application, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that relative terms (e.g., "about," "approximately," "substantially," etc.) used in conjunction with quantities or conditions include the values ​​and have the meaning indicated by the context. For example, the relative terms include at least the degree of error associated with the measurement of a specific value, the tolerances caused by manufacturing, assembly, and use associated with a specific value, and the like. Such terms should also be considered to disclose a range defined by the absolute values ​​of the two endpoints. Relative terms may refer to plus or minus a certain percentage (e.g., 1%, 5%, 10% or more) of the indicated value. Numerical values ​​that do not use relative terms should also be disclosed as specific values ​​with tolerances. In addition, "substantially" may refer to plus or minus a certain degree (e.g., 1 degree, 5 degrees, 10 degrees or more) on the basis of the indicated angle when expressing a relative angular position relationship (e.g., substantially parallel, substantially perpendicular).

[0042] In this application, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the function performed by a component can be performed by one component, multiple components, one part, or multiple parts. Similarly, the function performed by a part can also be performed by one part, one component, or a combination of multiple parts.

[0043] In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back" and other directional words are described based on the orientation and positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the context, it is also necessary to understand that when it is mentioned that an element is connected to another element "upper" or "lower", it can not only be directly connected to another element "upper" or "lower", but also indirectly connected to another element "upper" or "lower" through an intermediate element. It should also be understood that directional words such as upper side, lower side, left side, right side, front side, back side, etc. not only represent the positive orientation, but can also be understood as the lateral orientation. For example, the bottom can include directly below, lower left, lower right, lower front, and lower back, etc.

[0044] In the process of transporting materials, the logistics tractor needs to be automatically connected with the traction head of the material truck bucket. After the transportation is in place, the logistics tractor needs to be automatically disconnected from the material truck bucket. In the prior art, the relative position between the traction head and the logistics tractor cannot be effectively determined, resulting in a low success rate of docking.

[0045] In order to solve the above problems and ensure the effective docking between the vehicle and the material truck bucket, the success rate of docking can be improved and the efficiency of material transportation can be ensured. Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, the utility model provides an automatic unhooking device. The automatic unhooking device comprises a fixed base 1, a docking seat 11, a driving assembly 2, a supporting seat 12, a transmission assembly 3 and a docking connecting rod assembly 4.

[0046] Among them, the fixed base 1 can be fixedly set at the rear of the vehicle. The docking seat 11 is fixedly set on the first side of the fixed base 1, and the docking seat 11 is provided with a docking groove 71 and a guide through hole 112 connected to the docking groove 71. The driving assembly 2 is arranged on the fixed base 1, and the support seat 12 is fixedly set on the first side of the fixed base 1. The transmission assembly 3 is arranged on the support seat 12, and the transmission assembly 3 is connected to the driving assembly 2 in a transmission manner. The docking connecting rod assembly 4 is arranged on the support seat 12, and the docking connecting rod assembly 4 is connected to the transmission assembly 3. The driving assembly 2 can drive the docking connecting rod assembly 4 to move in the guide through hole 112 through the transmission assembly 3, so that the docking connecting rod assembly 4 is inserted into or pulled out of the docking groove 111. The position detection assembly 5 is arranged on the docking seat 11, and the position detection assembly 5 is electrically connected to the driving assembly 2.

[0047] When the traction head of the material truck bucket is docked with the automatic unhooking device, the traction head of the material truck bucket is inserted into the docking groove 111. After the position detection component 5 detects that the traction head is docked in place, the position detection component 5 sends a signal to the drive component 2, and the drive component 2 drives the transmission component 3, and the transmission component 3 drives the docking connecting rod component 4 to be inserted into the docking groove 111 through the guide through hole 112, so that the docking connecting rod component 4 is connected to the traction head to complete the docking. After the material is transported to the right place, the drive component 2 drives the transmission component 3, and the transmission component 3 drives the docking connecting rod component 4 to be pulled out of the docking groove 111, so that the docking connecting rod component 4 is separated from the traction head. At this time, the separation of the traction head and the automatic towing hook device is completed. Through the above method, it is possible to ensure that the vehicle and the material truck bucket are automatically and effectively docked and detached, improve the efficiency of material transportation, reduce labor costs, and avoid injuries to personnel during the driving of the tractor.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, a plurality of first connecting bolts 13 are arranged at intervals on the fixing base 1, and the fixing base 1 is connected to the rear of the vehicle through the first connecting bolts 13 and nuts, so as to facilitate installation at the rear of the vehicle. In other embodiments, the fixing base 1 can also be fixed to the rear of the vehicle by welding, and no excessive restrictions are made here.

[0049] In some embodiments, the docking seat 11 and the support seat 12 can be installed on the fixed base 1 by connecting bolts. By adopting the bolt connection method, it is convenient to quickly install and disassemble the docking seat 11 and the support seat 12 on the fixed base 1. In other embodiments, the docking seat 11 and the support seat 12 can also be fixed to the fixed base 1 by welding, or the docking seat 11, the support seat 12 and the fixed base 1 can be integrally formed and manufactured by 3D printing, and no excessive restrictions are made here.

[0050] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the drive assembly 2 includes a mounting seat 22 and a motor 21, the mounting seat 22 is fixedly arranged on the first side of the fixed base 1, the motor 21 is fixedly arranged on the mounting seat 22, and the motor 21 is transmission-connected with the transmission assembly 3, and the motor 21 is electrically connected with the position detection assembly 5. By providing the mounting seat 22, it is convenient for the motor 21 to be installed and fixed on the fixed base 1, and by using the motor 21 to drive the transmission assembly 3 to move, it is convenient to control. Moreover, the speed of the motor 21 can be adjusted according to actual needs, thereby adjusting the hooking and unhooking time, and increasing the sensitivity and working efficiency of the machine. In other embodiments, the motor 21 can also be replaced by a rotary cylinder, a rotary hydraulic cylinder or a steering gear, and no excessive restrictions are made here.

[0051] In order to improve the safety of the motor 21, a protective shell 211 is provided on the motor 21, and the protective shell 211 can prevent rainwater from entering the motor 21, so that the motor 21 can be adapted to operate in a rainy environment. A lower bottom plate 212 is fixedly provided on the fixed base 1, and the protective shell 211 is connected to the lower bottom plate 212 to form a closed space, and the motor 21 is located in the closed space, so as to protect the motor 21.

[0052] In some embodiments, the automatic unhooking device further includes a power control component, which includes a controller and a switch button 6. The controller is electrically connected to the motor 21, and the controller can control the forward and reverse rotation, the speed and angle of rotation of the motor 21. The switch button 6 is electrically connected to the controller, and the switch button 6 is disposed on the protective shell 211. By pressing the switch button 6, the motor 21 can be powered on or off. In the process of repairing the automatic unhooking device, the power on and off of the motor 21 can be controlled by controlling the switch button 6.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the transmission assembly 3 includes a driving half gear 31 and a driven half gear 32, the driving half gear 31 is fixedly sleeved on the output shaft of the motor 21, the driven half gear 32 is arranged on the support seat 12, and the driving half gear 31 is connected to the motor 21 in a transmission manner, the driving half gear 31 can mesh with the driven half gear 32, the driven half gear 32 is connected to the docking connecting rod assembly 4, and the motor 21 can drive the driving half gear 31 to drive the driven half gear 32 to rotate within a set angle. Specifically, the driving half gear 31 and the driven half gear 32 each have three gear teeth, that is, the driving half gear 31 and the driven half gear 32 will be in a non-meshing state, and the driving half gear 31 can only drive the driven half gear 32 to rotate within the meshing angle, so that the docking connecting rod assembly 4 moves within a set range to achieve hooking and unhooking actions. In other embodiments, the number of teeth of the driving half gear 31 and the driven half gear 32 may be set as required, and the transmission assembly 3 may be in the form of a chain or belt drive, which is not limited here.

[0054] like Figure 4As shown, in some embodiments, the docking connecting rod assembly 4 includes a force arm 41, a connecting rod 42 and a traction pin 43, one end of the force arm 41 is connected to the driven half gear 32, the other end of the force arm 41 is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 42, the other end of the connecting rod 42 is hinged to the traction pin 43, and the traction pin 43 is inserted in the guide through hole 112. In the process of hooking and unhooking, the output shaft of the motor 21 drives the driving half gear 31 to rotate, thereby driving the driven half gear 32 to drive the force arm 41 to rotate within a set angle. Through the reciprocating rotation of the output shaft of the motor 21, the driving half gear 31 drives the driven half gear 32 to reciprocate, thereby driving the power arm 41 through the driven half gear 32, the force arm 41 drives the connecting rod 42, and then drives the traction pin 43 to reciprocate up and down in the guide through hole 112, so that the traction pin 43 is inserted into or pulled out of the docking groove 111, and hooking and unhooking are achieved. In order to ensure the stability of the traction pin 43 after docking, a docking hole 113 connected to the docking groove 111 is also provided on the docking seat 11. The docking hole 113 is located below the guide through hole 112 and is coaxially arranged with the guide through hole 112. When the traction pin 43 is docked with the traction head, the traction pin 43 is inserted into the docking groove 71 and the docking hole 113 through the guide through hole 112, which can prevent the traction pin 43 from shaking in the radial direction when the vehicle drags the bucket, eliminating the risk of the traction pin 43 falling off during operation.

[0055] In some embodiments, a handle 411 is fixedly provided on the lever arm 41. When the automatic hook-pulling device is in working state, the driving half gear 31 and the driven half gear 32 are in a non-engaged state. At this time, the external force applied to the handle 411 can drive the driven half gear 32 to rotate, thereby driving the traction pin 43 to move up and down. When the motor 21 fails and cannot achieve automatic hooking and unhooking, the staff can directly lift the lever arm 41 by acting on the lever arm 41 through the handle 411, and the lever arm 41 drives the traction pin 43 to move through the connecting rod 42, so as to manually ensure that the traction head is hooked and unhooked with the automatic unhooking device. Through the above settings, the automatic unhooking device can realize an automatic unhooking mode combining automatic hooking and automatic unhooking; it can also realize a mode combining manual hooking and automatic unhooking; it can also realize a mode combining automatic hooking and manual unhooking; it can also realize a manual unhooking mode combining manual hooking and manual unhooking.

[0056] During the process of meshing transmission between the driving half gear 31 and the driven half gear 32, if there is a mechanical fault, the problem point mostly occurs in the meshing process, that is, when the driving half gear 31 and the driven half gear 32 are about to mesh, mesh, and mesh and disengage. In order to solve the above possible fault problems, when the driving half gear 31 rotates clockwise from the calibrated 0 position (the meshing starting position of the driving half gear 31 and the driven half gear 32), the driving half gear 31 can smoothly mesh with the driven half gear 32. As long as the driving half gear 31 rotates a set angle, it will be driven by the driven half gear 32 to drive the power arm 41 to rise to a specified height position and then stop, so as to realize the separation of the traction head and the automatic unhooking device. The motor 21 is controlled to rotate counterclockwise, and after the driving half gear 31 rotates a set angle, it will be driven by the driven half gear 32 to drive the power arm 41 to descend to a specified height position and stop, so as to realize the docking of the traction head and the automatic unhooking device.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, an arc groove 121 is provided on the support seat 12, and a lever 311 is fixedly provided on the driving half gear 31. The lever 311 extends from the arc groove 121, and the lever 311 is used to adjust the position of the driving half gear 31. Specifically, the arc groove 121 limits the rotation angle of the driving half gear 31 by limiting the movement of the lever 311. When the driving half gear 31 and the driven half gear 32 interfere or have other faults, resulting in the driving half gear 31 being unable to return to the set 0 position normally, the staff needs to move the lever 311 to make the driving half gear 31 reach the calibrated 0 position. When the driving half gear 31 drives the power arm 41 to rotate to a set height (i.e., the highest position of the vertical stroke set by the traction pin 43) through the driven half gear 32, the traction pin 43 is pulled out from the docking groove 111, but the guide through hole 112 is not pulled out, so that when the traction pin 43 is docked and hooked with the traction head, the guide through hole 112 can limit the movement of the traction pin 43 and guide the movement of the traction pin 43. As long as the driving half gear 31 rotates counterclockwise to the set 0 position, the driven half gear 32 drives the power arm 41 to descend, so that the traction pin 43 reaches the lowest position of the set vertical stroke, the task of locking the traction head can be completed.

[0058] like Figure 1As shown, in some embodiments, a rotating shaft 412 is provided on the support seat 12, and the driven half gear 32 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 412 through a spline fit. A detachable positioning pin 45 is provided on the rotating shaft 412, and the positioning pin 45 is used to limit the position of the rotating shaft 412 on the support seat 12. Specifically, a positioning through hole is provided on the rotating shaft 412, and after the rotating shaft 412 is penetrated on the support seat 12, the positioning pin 45 is inserted into the positioning through hole, thereby limiting the position of the rotating shaft 412. When the lever 311 cannot return the active half gear 31 to the set 0 position, the positioning pin 45 can be taken out, and then the rotating shaft 412 can be removed from the support seat 12, and the driven half gear 32 can be taken out for inspection. In the above manner, the rotating shaft 412 and the driven half gear 32 can be quickly disassembled and assembled, so that it is convenient to maintain and service the active half gear 31 and the driven half gear 32 of the automatic unhooking device.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the position detection component 5 includes a sensor 53 and a sliding plate 51, the sliding plate 51 is slidably arranged in the docking groove 111, the sensor 53 is fixedly arranged on the docking seat 11, and the sensor 53 is electrically connected to the driving component 2, and the position detection component 5 is configured as follows: when the traction head is inserted into the docking groove 111 and pushes the sliding plate 51 to move toward the bottom of the docking groove 111 until the sensor 53 senses the sliding plate 51, it is determined that the traction head is docked in place. The sensor 53 can determine whether the traction head is in place by detecting the position of the sliding plate 51, and can accurately detect the docking, thereby ensuring the success rate of the docking. In this embodiment, the sensor 53 can be a position sensor, a proximity sensor, a distance sensor or a collision sensor. During use, the technician can select the type of sensor 53 as needed, and no excessive restrictions are made here.

[0060] In some embodiments, in order to ensure that the sliding plate 51 can be accurately reset, a reset elastic member (not shown in the figure) is provided between the sliding plate 51 and the bottom of the docking groove 111. When the traction head pushes the sliding plate 51 toward the bottom of the docking groove 111, the reset elastic member is compressed and in an energy storage state. When the traction head is separated from the automatic unhooking device, the sliding plate 51 is reset under the action of the reset elastic member to prepare for the next docking.

[0061] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, a housing 52 is provided on the lower end surface of the docking seat 11, and the sensor 53 is located in the housing 52, and the sensor 53 can be protected by the housing 52. A maintenance plate 54 is provided on the side of the docking seat 11. When installing or repairing the position detection component 5, the maintenance plate 54 and the housing 52 can be removed from the docking seat 11, and then the sensor 53 or the sliding plate 51 can be replaced or repaired.

[0062] In some embodiments, Figure 3 , Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, the automatic unhooking device also includes a lower bucket 7, which is arranged to be tilted downward, and the higher end of the lower bucket 7 is connected to the docking seat 11. The lower bucket 7 has a guide groove 71, and one end of the guide groove 71 is connected to the docking groove 111. By providing the lower bucket 7, the adaptability of the height of the upper and lower spaces of the traction head of the towed vehicle (material vehicle) can be increased, and the adaptability of the left and right widths of the traction hole of the traction head deviating from the traction pin 43 in the automatic unhooking device is also increased, thereby increasing the success rate of automatic docking. In this embodiment, the guide groove 71 is in the shape of a trumpet, and the smaller end of the guide groove 71 is connected to the docking groove 111. During the docking process, the guide groove 71 plays a guiding role for the traction head. Moreover, the lower bucket 7 can be detachably arranged on the docking seat 11, and can be installed with different widths and inclination angles (such as Figure 5-Figure 7 The lower bucket 7 shown in the figure improves the use flexibility of the automatic unhooking device and can adapt to the docking use of various types of traction heads.

[0063] In some embodiments, the guide members 72 are fixedly disposed on both sides of the docking seat 11 and protrude relative to the lower wall surface of the docking groove 111. Figure 8 As shown, a guide member 72 is installed on the outer periphery of the docking seat 11 on the side away from the guide through hole 112, and the guide member 72 protrudes relative to the lower wall surface of the docking groove 111. In the process of the traction head sliding into the docking groove 111 through the guide groove 71, the guide member 72 limits and guides the movement of the traction head, ensuring that the traction hole on the traction head can quickly match with the guide through hole, thereby improving the success rate of hooking. Specifically, the guide member 72 can be two guide plates, and the two guide plates are installed on both sides of the docking seat 11; the guide member 72 can also be an integrated structure in a U shape; of course, the guide member 72 and the lower bucket 7 can also be made into an integrated structure. According to actual needs, the guide member 72 can be set separately on the docking seat 11, or the lower bucket 7 can be set separately, or the guide member 72 and the lower bucket 7 can be set at the same time, and no excessive restrictions are made here. In this embodiment, the guide member 72 is screwed to the docking seat 11 by bolts, which is convenient for the installation and removal of the guide member 72.

[0064] In some embodiments, a limit pin 44 is fixedly provided on the support seat 12, and the limit pin 44 is used to limit the extraction of the docking connecting rod assembly 4 from the guide through hole 112. By installing the limit pin 44 on the path of the driven half gear 32 making a circular motion, the driven half gear 32 can only rotate within a certain area, thereby limiting the height of the traction pin 43 driven by the force arm 41 through the connecting rod 42, thereby preventing the traction pin 43 from being extracted from the guide through hole 112.

[0065] In some embodiments, a limit seat 431 is provided at the hinged position of the traction pin 43 and the connecting rod 42. When the traction pin 43 is inserted into the docking groove 111, the limit seat 431 can abut against the upper end surface of the docking seat 11, thereby limiting the depth of the traction pin 43 inserted into the docking hole 113.

[0066] The working process of this automatic unhooking device is as follows:

[0067] When the automatic unhooking device is hooked with the traction head:

[0068] The motor 21 drives the active half gear 31 to rotate, and the active half gear 31 drives the driven half gear 32 to rotate, thereby driving the traction pin 43 to be lifted to a specified height position through the lever arm 41 and the connecting rod 42. At this time, the traction pin 43 is pulled out relative to the docking groove 111. The logistics tractor moves backward, so that its lower bucket 7 scoops up the traction head and slides toward the docking groove 111 along the guide of the guide groove 71. The vehicle still moves backward until the traction head is inserted into the docking groove 111, and the traction head hits the sliding plate 51, and the sliding plate 51 moves toward the bottom of the docking groove 111 to the set position. After the sensor 53 detects that the sliding plate 51 has reached the set position, the sensor 53 transmits the command that the traction head has reached the set locking position to the controller of the logistics tractor, and the controller of the logistics tractor sends a command to the motor 21 to drop the traction pin 43. At this time, the motor 21 is working, and the output shaft of the motor 21 drives the driving half gear 31 to rotate counterclockwise to the 0 position, thereby driving the driven half gear 32 to rotate clockwise, and the driven half gear 32 drives the power arm 41, and the force arm 41 drives the traction pin 43 to fall to the lowest end through the connecting rod 42, and the traction pin 43 is inserted into the docking hole 113. At this time, the traction pin 43 is inserted through the traction hole of the traction head to achieve the task of locking the traction head. After locking the traction head, the controller will order the logistics tractor to drive to the destination after receiving the successful locking command.

[0069] When the automatic unhooking device is unhooked from the traction head:

[0070] Automatic unhooking is a process established after the successful completion of the task of automatic hooking (or manual hooking). After the logistics tractor tows the towed vehicle to the designated location, the logistics tractor receives a command from the controller to start the automatic unhooking task. The controller controls the motor 21 so that the output shaft of the motor 21 rotates clockwise to drive the driving half gear 31 to rotate, and the driving half gear 31 drives the driven half gear 32 to move counterclockwise. The driven half gear 32 drives the lifting traction pin 43 through the force arm 41 and the connecting rod 42, so that the traction pin 43 moves upward to the designated height position. At this time, the traction pin 43 is located in the guide through hole 112, and the traction head is disengaged from the traction pin 43, realizing automatic unhooking.

[0071] The present embodiment also provides a vehicle, including a vehicle body and the automatic unhooking device as described above. The automatic unhooking device is arranged on the vehicle body, which can ensure automatic and effective docking and disengagement between the vehicle and the material bucket, improve the accuracy of docking and disengagement, reduce labor costs, and improve the efficiency of material transportation.

[0072] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Automatic unhooking device, characterized in that: include: A fixed base (1) can be fixedly arranged at the rear of a vehicle; A docking seat (11), the docking seat (11) being fixedly arranged on a first side of the fixed base (1), the docking seat (11) being provided with a docking groove (111) and a guide through hole (112) communicating with the docking groove (111); A driving assembly (2), wherein the driving assembly (2) is arranged on the fixed base (1); A support seat (12), the support seat (12) being arranged on a first side of the fixed base (1); A transmission assembly (3), the transmission assembly (3) being arranged on the support seat (12) and being in transmission connection with the driving assembly (2); a docking connecting rod assembly (4), wherein the docking connecting rod assembly (4) is arranged on the support seat (12) and is connected to the transmission assembly (3), and the driving assembly (2) can drive the docking connecting rod assembly (4) to move through the transmission assembly (3), so that the docking connecting rod assembly (4) is inserted into or withdrawn from the docking groove (111); A position detection component (5), wherein the position detection component (5) is arranged on the docking seat (11), and the position detection component (5) is electrically connected to the driving component (2).

2. The automatic unhooking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (2) comprises a mounting seat (22) and a motor (21); the mounting seat (22) is fixedly arranged on a first side of the fixed base (1); the motor (21) is arranged on the mounting seat (22); the motor (21) is transmission-connected to the transmission assembly (3); and the motor (21) is electrically connected to the position detection assembly (5).

3. The automatic unhooking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (3) comprises a driving half gear (31) and a driven half gear (32); the driving half gear (31) is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor (21); the driven half gear (32) is arranged on the support seat (12); the driving half gear (31) is transmission-connected to the motor (21); the driving half gear (31) can mesh with the driven half gear (32); the driven half gear (32) is connected to the docking connecting rod assembly (4); the motor (21) can drive the driving half gear (31) to drive the driven half gear (32) to rotate within a set angle.

4. The automatic unhooking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support seat (12) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (121), and the driving half gear (31) is provided with a shifting rod (311), the shifting rod (311) protrudes from the arc-shaped groove (121), and the shifting rod (311) is used to adjust the position of the driving half gear (31).

5. The automatic unhooking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The docking connecting rod assembly (4) comprises a force arm (41), a connecting rod (42) and a traction pin (43); one end of the force arm (41) is connected to the driven half gear (32); the other end of the force arm (41) is hinged to one end of the connecting rod (42); the other end of the connecting rod (42) is hinged to the traction pin (43); and the traction pin (43) is inserted into the guide through hole (112).

6. The automatic unhooking device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The support seat (12) is provided with a rotating shaft (412), the driven half gear (32) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (412), and the rotating shaft (412) is provided with a detachable positioning pin (45), and the positioning pin (45) is used to limit the position of the rotating shaft (412) on the support seat (12).

7. The automatic unhooking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position detection component (5) comprises a sensor (53) and a sliding plate (51), wherein the sliding plate (51) is slidably arranged in the docking groove (111), the sensor (53) is arranged on the docking seat (11), and the sensor (53) is electrically connected to the driving component (2), and the position detection component (5) is configured to: when the traction head is inserted into the docking groove (111) and pushes the sliding plate (51) to move toward the bottom of the docking groove (111) until the sensor (53) senses the sliding plate (51), it is determined that the traction head is docked in place.

8. The automatic unhooking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a lower bucket (7) and / or a guide member (72), wherein the lower bucket (7) is arranged to be inclined downward, and the higher end of the lower bucket (7) is connected to the docking seat (11), and the lower bucket (7) has a guide groove (71), and one end of the guide groove (71) is connected to the docking groove (111), and the guide member (72) is arranged on both sides of the docking seat (11) and protrudes relative to the lower wall surface of the docking groove (111).

9. The automatic unhooking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit pin (44) is provided on the support seat (12), and the limit pin (44) is used to limit the butt-joint connecting rod assembly (4) from being pulled out of the guide through hole (112).

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a vehicle body and an automatic unhooking device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the automatic unhooking device is arranged on the vehicle body.

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