Overvoltage protection device based on silicon controlled rectifier input

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of overvoltage protection, in particular to an overvoltage protection device based on silicon controlled rectifier input, which greatly improves the reliability of the overvoltage protection device. According to the scheme, the device comprises a silicon controlled rectifier full-bridge module, a discharge module, a withstand voltage module, a voltage division module and a trigger module, the discharge module is connected between a live wire end (L) and a null line end (N) of an input power supply, the silicon controlled rectifier full-bridge module forms a silicon controlled rectifier full-bridge circuit through four unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers, and control ends of the four unidirectional silicon controlled rectifiers are connected with one another. The live wire end (L) is connected between two silicon controlled rectifiers, the null line end (N) is connected between the other two silicon controlled rectifiers, the withstand voltage module is connected with the silicon controlled rectifier full-bridge module, and the voltage division module is connected with the live wire end (L) and the trigger module. The overvoltage protection circuit is suitable for overvoltage protection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of overvoltage protection, in particular to an overvoltage protection device based on thyristor input. Background Art

[0002] Existing overvoltage protectors, such as the high-speed and safe AC overvoltage protector disclosed in CN109672141A, are composed of a rectifier bridge, an operational amplifier, a first detection resistor of the operational amplifier, a second detection resistor of the operational amplifier, a first voltage-dividing resistor of the operational amplifier power supply, a second voltage-dividing resistor of the operational amplifier power supply, a filter capacitor, a voltage regulator tube, a first reference resistor, a second reference resistor, a switch tube, and a circuit board. It uses a dual rectifier bridge structure and a switch tube to realize overvoltage high-speed shutdown of the load power supply, and restores the power supply instantly after the high voltage. This solution can quickly cut off the instantaneous high voltage in the circuit, and automatically restore the power supply instantly after the high voltage. However, it has poor reliability, low efficiency, and short life. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an overvoltage protection device based on thyristor input, which greatly improves the reliability of the overvoltage protection device, improves efficiency, reduces energy consumption, and increases service life.

[0004] The utility model adopts the following technical scheme to achieve the above-mentioned purpose. The utility model provides an overvoltage protection device based on thyristor input, including a thyristor full-bridge module, a discharge module, a withstand voltage module, a voltage dividing module and a trigger module. The discharge module is connected between the live wire terminal L and the neutral wire terminal N of the input power supply. The thyristor full-bridge module includes a first unidirectional thyristor Q2, a second unidirectional thyristor Q3, a third unidirectional thyristor Q5 and a fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6. The cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor Q3 is connected to the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor Q2, the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor Q2 is connected to the cathode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6, and the anode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6 is connected to the third unidirectional thyristor Q 5 cathode is connected, the cathode of the third unidirectional thyristor Q5 is connected to the anode of the second unidirectional thyristor Q3, the control electrodes of the first unidirectional thyristor Q2, the second unidirectional thyristor Q3, the third unidirectional thyristor Q5 and the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6 are connected to each other, the live wire terminal L is connected between the anode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6 and the cathode of the third unidirectional thyristor Q5, the neutral wire terminal N is connected between the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor Q2 and the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor Q3, the withstand voltage module is connected between the anode of the third unidirectional thyristor Q5 and the cathode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6, the cathode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6 is a voltage output terminal, and the voltage dividing module is respectively connected to the live wire terminal L and the trigger module.

[0005] Furthermore, the trigger module includes a voltage-stabilizing diode ZD1, a first resistor R1, a third resistor R3, an eighth resistor R8, an eleventh resistor R11, a sixteenth resistor R16, a MOS tube Q1 and a transistor Q4, the gate of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode ZD1 through the first resistor R1, the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode ZD1 is connected to the voltage-dividing module, the gate of the MOS tube Q1 is also grounded through the third resistor R3, the source of the MOS tube Q1 is grounded, the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the voltage-dividing module through the eighth resistor R8, the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is also connected to the base of the transistor Q4, the collector of the transistor Q4 is grounded through the eleventh resistor R11, and the emitter of the transistor Q4 is connected to the voltage-dividing module through the sixteenth resistor R16.

[0006] Furthermore, in order to filter high-frequency interference signals, the trigger module further includes a second capacitor C2, and the voltage divider module is further grounded through the second capacitor C2.

[0007] Furthermore, in order to filter the low-frequency signal, the trigger module further includes a first polarized capacitor EC1, and the voltage divider module is further grounded through the first polarized capacitor EC1.

[0008] Furthermore, in order to divide the input power supply, the voltage dividing module includes a second resistor R2, a sixth resistor R6, a tenth resistor R10, and a first diode D1, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the live wire terminal L, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the trigger module through the second resistor R2, the sixth resistor R6 and the tenth resistor R10.

[0009] Furthermore, in order to achieve rapid discharge after the charger is unplugged, the discharge module includes a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a seventh resistor R7 and a ninth resistor R9, and the live wire terminal L is connected to the neutral wire terminal N through the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, and the live wire terminal L is also connected to the neutral wire terminal N through the seventh resistor R7 and the ninth resistor R9.

[0010] Furthermore, in order to improve the withstand voltage of the charger, the withstand voltage module includes a second polarized capacitor EC2 and a third polarized capacitor EC3, and the second polarized capacitor EC2 and the third polarized capacitor EC3 are respectively connected between the anode of the third unidirectional thyristor Q5 and the cathode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6.

[0011] Furthermore, in order to filter the input voltage, the device further includes a first capacitor C1 connected between the live terminal L and the neutral terminal N.

[0012] Furthermore, in order to improve the protection capability of the device, the live wire terminal L is connected between the anode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6 and the cathode of the third unidirectional thyristor Q5 through the fuse F1, and the neutral wire terminal N is connected between the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor Q2 and the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor Q3 through the thermistor NTC1.

[0013] Furthermore, the device also includes a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13 and a fourteenth resistor R14, and the cathode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6 is connected to the PWM end or the IC end or the OVP end through the twelfth resistor R12, the thirteenth resistor R13 and the fourteenth resistor R14.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0015] The utility model forms a full-bridge circuit through multiple unidirectional thyristors, and shuts off the output of AC voltage through the thyristor full-bridge circuit. When the input reaches a certain voltage, the trigger module triggers the thyristor to shut down in time. The control of the thyristor greatly improves the reliability of the overvoltage protection device, improves efficiency, reduces energy consumption, and increases service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The present invention provides a circuit structure of an overvoltage protection device based on thyristor input.

[0017] In the accompanying drawings, L is the live wire terminal of the input power supply, N is the neutral wire terminal of the input power supply, Q2 is the first unidirectional thyristor, Q3 is the second unidirectional thyristor, Q5 is the third unidirectional thyristor, Q6 is the fourth unidirectional thyristor, Q1 is a MOS tube, Q4 is a transistor, ZD1 is a voltage-stabilizing diode, D1 is a first diode, C1 is a first capacitor, C2 is a second capacitor, EC1 is a first polarized capacitor, EC2 is a second polarized capacitor, EC3 is a third polarized capacitor, R1 is a first resistor, R3 is a third resistor, R8 is an eighth resistor, R11 is an eleventh resistor, R16 is a sixteenth resistor, R2 is a second resistor, R6 is a sixth resistor, R10 is a tenth resistor, R4 is a fourth resistor, R5 is a fifth resistor, R7 is a seventh resistor, R9 is a ninth resistor, R12 is a twelfth resistor, R13 is a thirteenth resistor, and R14 is a fourteenth resistor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model.

[0019] The utility model provides an overvoltage protection device based on thyristor input, such as Figure 1As shown, it includes a thyristor full-bridge module, a discharge module, a withstand voltage module, a voltage dividing module and a trigger module, wherein the discharge module is connected between the live wire terminal L and the neutral wire terminal N of the input power supply, and the thyristor full-bridge module includes a first unidirectional thyristor Q2, a second unidirectional thyristor Q3, a third unidirectional thyristor Q5 and a fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6, wherein the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor Q3 is connected to the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor Q2, the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor Q2 is connected to the cathode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6, the anode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6 is connected to the cathode of the third unidirectional thyristor Q5, and the cathode of the third unidirectional thyristor Q5 is connected to the anode of the second unidirectional thyristor Q3. The anode of the unidirectional thyristor Q3 is connected, the control electrodes of the first unidirectional thyristor Q2, the second unidirectional thyristor Q3, the third unidirectional thyristor Q5 and the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6 are connected to each other, the live wire terminal L is connected between the anode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6 and the cathode of the third unidirectional thyristor Q5, the neutral wire terminal N is connected between the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor Q2 and the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor Q3, the withstand voltage module is connected between the anode of the third unidirectional thyristor Q5 and the cathode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6, the cathode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6 is the voltage output terminal, and the voltage divider module is respectively connected to the live wire terminal L and the trigger module.

[0020] The four unidirectional thyristors form a thyristor full-bridge circuit, which greatly improves the reliability and efficiency of the device and also increases the service life. The first unidirectional thyristor Q2, the second unidirectional thyristor Q3, the third unidirectional thyristor Q5 and the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6 are all SCR / 4A / 800V.

[0021] In one embodiment of the utility model, the voltage divider module includes a second resistor R2, a sixth resistor R6, a tenth resistor R10, and a first diode D1, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the live wire terminal L, and the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the trigger module through the second resistor R2, the sixth resistor R6 and the tenth resistor R10. In this embodiment, the voltage is divided by the second resistor R2, the sixth resistor R6 and the tenth resistor R10, the model of the first diode D1 is 1N4148, the model of the second resistor R2 is 3.3M±, the model of the sixth resistor R6 is 3.3M±, and the model of the tenth resistor R10 is 110K±.

[0022] In an embodiment of the utility model, the trigger module includes a voltage-stabilizing diode ZD1, a first resistor R1, a third resistor R3, an eighth resistor R8, an eleventh resistor R11, a sixteenth resistor R16, a second capacitor C2, a first polarized capacitor EC1, a MOS tube Q1 and a transistor Q4, the gate of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode ZD1 through the first resistor R1, the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode ZD1 is connected to the voltage-dividing module, the gate of the MOS tube Q1 is also grounded through the third resistor R3, the source of the MOS tube Q1 is grounded, the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is connected to the voltage-dividing module through the eighth resistor R8, the drain of the MOS tube Q1 is also connected to the base of the transistor Q4, the collector of the transistor Q4 is grounded through the eleventh resistor R11, the emitter of the transistor Q4 is connected to the voltage-dividing module through the sixteenth resistor R16, the tenth resistor R10 is grounded through the second capacitor C2, and the tenth resistor R10 is also grounded through the first polarized capacitor EC1. In this embodiment, the model of the voltage regulator diode ZD1 is 5.6V / SOD-323, the model of the MOS tube Q1 is 2N7002-N, the model of the transistor Q4 is 3906-PNP, the specification of the second capacitor C2 is 10nF / 50V / 1206, the specification of the first polar capacitor EC1 is 4.7uF / 50V, the model of the first resistor R1 is 1K / 1206, the model of the third resistor R3 is 3K / 1206, the model of the eighth resistor R8 is 3K / 1206, the model of the sixteenth resistor R16 is 24K±1 / 1206, and the model of the eleventh resistor R11 is 3.6K±1 / 1206.

[0023] In one embodiment of the utility model, the discharge module includes a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a seventh resistor R7 and a ninth resistor R9, the live terminal L is connected to the neutral terminal N through the fourth resistor R4 and the fifth resistor R5, and the live terminal L is also connected to the neutral terminal N through the seventh resistor R7 and the ninth resistor R9. In this embodiment, discharge is performed through the fourth resistor R4, the fifth resistor R5, the seventh resistor R7 and the ninth resistor R9.

[0024] In one embodiment of the utility model, the withstand voltage module includes a second polarized capacitor EC2 and a third polarized capacitor EC3, and the second polarized capacitor EC2 and the third polarized capacitor EC3 are respectively connected between the anode of the third unidirectional thyristor Q5 and the cathode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6. In this embodiment, the maximum voltage value that the charger can withstand is determined by the second polarized capacitor EC2 and the third polarized capacitor EC3, and filtering can also be performed at the same time. In this embodiment, the model of the second polarized capacitor EC2 and the third polarized capacitor EC3 is 22uf / 400V.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, the device further comprises a first capacitor C1, and the first capacitor C1 is connected between the live terminal L and the neutral terminal N. The input voltage is filtered by the first capacitor C1.

[0026] In one embodiment of the utility model, the live wire terminal L is connected between the anode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6 and the cathode of the third unidirectional thyristor Q5 through a fuse F1, and the neutral wire terminal N is connected between the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor Q2 and the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor Q3 through a thermistor NTC1.

[0027] In one embodiment of the utility model, the device also includes a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13 and a fourteenth resistor R14, and the cathode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6 is connected to the PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) end or the IC (Integrated Circuit) end or the OVP (OverVoltage Protection) end through the twelfth resistor R4, the thirteenth resistor R4 and the fourteenth resistor R4.

[0028] The working principle of this utility model:

[0029] When 350V AC is input, the voltage divided by the second resistor R2, the sixth resistor R6 and the tenth resistor R10 is 5.6V. At this time, the voltage zener diode ZD1 is turned on, and a voltage of 4.2V is obtained after the voltage divided by the first resistor R1 and the third resistor R3. The MOS tube Q1 is turned on. After the MOS tube Q1 is turned on, the drain and the source are connected to the ground, the transistor Q4 is turned on, and the voltage divided by the "FB" upper and lower bias resistors is 0.73V. The 0.73V voltage triggers the first unidirectional thyristor Q2, the second unidirectional thyristor Q3, the third unidirectional thyristor Q5 and the fourth unidirectional thyristor Q6 to turn off the output from point A to point B.

[0030] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model. It should be understood that the utility model is not limited to the form disclosed herein, and should not be regarded as excluding other embodiments, but can be used in various other combinations, modifications and environments, and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or the technology or knowledge of the relevant field. The changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and should be within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the utility model.

Claims

1. An overvoltage protection device based on thyristor input, characterized in that: The invention comprises a thyristor full-bridge module, a discharge module, a withstand voltage module, a voltage dividing module and a trigger module, wherein the discharge module is connected between the live wire terminal (L) and the neutral wire terminal (N) of the input power supply, and the thyristor full-bridge module comprises a first unidirectional thyristor (Q2), a second unidirectional thyristor (Q3), a third unidirectional thyristor (Q5) and a fourth unidirectional thyristor (Q6), wherein the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor (Q3) is connected to the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor (Q2), the cathode of the first unidirectional thyristor (Q2) is connected to the cathode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor (Q6), the anode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor (Q6) is connected to the cathode of the third unidirectional thyristor (Q5), the cathode of the third unidirectional thyristor (Q5) is connected to the anode of the second unidirectional thyristor (Q3), and the cathode of the third unidirectional thyristor (Q5) is connected to the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor (Q2). The anode of the first unidirectional thyristor (Q3) is connected, the control electrodes of the first unidirectional thyristor (Q2), the second unidirectional thyristor (Q3), the third unidirectional thyristor (Q5) and the fourth unidirectional thyristor (Q6) are connected to each other, the live wire end (L) is connected between the anode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor (Q6) and the cathode of the third unidirectional thyristor (Q5), the neutral wire end (N) is connected between the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor (Q2) and the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor (Q3), the withstand voltage module is connected between the anode of the third unidirectional thyristor (Q5) and the cathode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor (Q6), the cathode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor (Q6) is the voltage output end, and the voltage divider module is respectively connected to the live wire end (L) and the trigger module.

2. The overvoltage protection device based on thyristor input according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The trigger module comprises a voltage-stabilizing diode (ZD1), a first resistor (R1), a third resistor (R3), an eighth resistor (R8), an eleventh resistor (R11), a sixteenth resistor (R16), a MOS tube (Q1) and a triode (Q4); the gate of the MOS tube (Q1) is connected to the anode of the voltage-stabilizing diode (ZD1) through the first resistor (R1); the cathode of the voltage-stabilizing diode (ZD1) is connected to the voltage-dividing module; the gate of the MOS tube (Q1) is also grounded through the third resistor (R3); the source of the MOS tube (Q1) is grounded; the drain of the MOS tube (Q1) is connected to the voltage-dividing module through the eighth resistor (R8); the drain of the MOS tube (Q1) is also connected to the base of the triode (Q4); the collector of the triode (Q4) is grounded through the eleventh resistor (R11); and the emitter of the triode (Q4) is connected to the voltage-dividing module through the sixteenth resistor (R16).

3. The overvoltage protection device based on thyristor input according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The trigger module also includes a second capacitor (C2), and the voltage divider module is also grounded through the second capacitor (C2).

4. The overvoltage protection device based on thyristor input according to claim 2, characterized in that: The trigger module further includes a first polarized capacitor (EC1), and the voltage divider module is also grounded via the first polarized capacitor (EC1).

5. The overvoltage protection device based on thyristor input according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage divider module comprises a second resistor (R2), a sixth resistor (R6), a tenth resistor (R10), and a first diode (D1), wherein an anode of the first diode (D1) is connected to a live wire terminal (L), and a cathode of the first diode (D1) is connected to a trigger module via the second resistor (R2), the sixth resistor (R6), and the tenth resistor (R10).

6. The overvoltage protection device based on thyristor input according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge module includes a fourth resistor (R4), a fifth resistor (R5), a seventh resistor (R7) and a ninth resistor (R9), the live terminal (L) is connected to the neutral terminal (N) through the fourth resistor (R4) and the fifth resistor (R5), and the live terminal (L) is also connected to the neutral terminal (N) through the seventh resistor (R7) and the ninth resistor (R9).

7. The overvoltage protection device based on thyristor input according to claim 1, characterized in that: The withstand voltage module includes a second polarized capacitor (EC2) and a third polarized capacitor (EC3), and the second polarized capacitor (EC2) and the third polarized capacitor (EC3) are respectively connected between the anode of the third unidirectional thyristor (Q5) and the cathode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor (Q6).

8. The overvoltage protection device based on thyristor input according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a first capacitor (C1), which is connected between the live terminal (L) and the neutral terminal (N).

9. The overvoltage protection device based on thyristor input according to claim 1, characterized in that: The live wire terminal (L) is connected between the anode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor (Q6) and the cathode of the third unidirectional thyristor (Q5) through a fuse (F1), and the neutral wire terminal (N) is connected between the anode of the first unidirectional thyristor (Q2) and the cathode of the second unidirectional thyristor (Q3) through a thermistor (NTC1).

10. The overvoltage protection device based on thyristor input according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device also includes a twelfth resistor (R12), a thirteenth resistor (R13) and a fourteenth resistor (R14), and the cathode of the fourth unidirectional thyristor (Q6) is connected to the PWM end or the IC end or the OVP end through the twelfth resistor (R4), the thirteenth resistor (R4) and the fourteenth resistor (R4).

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