Battery pack and electric equipment
By designing a barrier structure in the battery pack, the problem of solid particles in the exhaust structure burning in contact with oxygen is solved, and the normal discharge of eruptions and the risk of combustion is reduced when thermal runaway is achieved, which improves the safety of the battery pack.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421064378.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-15
AI Technical Summary
In the event of thermal runaway in the battery pack, solid particles in the exhaust structure may burn in contact with external oxygen, resulting in an increased combustion risk.
A battery pack including a box, a battery pack, an exhaust structure and a barrier structure is designed. The barrier structure covers the exhaust structure during normal use and flips opens the exhaust structure to discharge the eruption when the heat is out of control, and injects the ejection. The impact force of the object is reduced and the covering is restored, and the barrier structure reduces the risk of combustion by isolating oxygen.
It effectively prevents solid particles from contacting with oxygen and combustion, reduces combustion risks, and improves the safety of battery pack use.
Smart Images
Figure CN222365693U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a battery pack and electrical equipment. Background Art
[0002] The battery pack is a core component of new energy vehicles. During the use of the battery pack, when it encounters extreme conditions such as high temperature environment or strong impact, thermal runaway may occur. In order to ensure the safe use of the battery pack, an exhaust structure will be provided on the battery pack box to discharge high-temperature substances through the exhaust structure to avoid the risk of explosion, while at the same time being able to block some solid particles in the high-temperature substances. However, as high-temperature solid particles and combustible gases are continuously discharged through the exhaust structure, encounter external oxygen, and meet the combustion conditions, some solid particles in the exhaust structure may still burn. Utility Model Content
[0003] In order to solve at least one of the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, according to one aspect of the utility model, a battery pack is provided, comprising: a case body; a battery pack, arranged in the case body; an exhaust structure, arranged on the case body, and used to discharge eruptions when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack; a barrier structure, arranged on a side of the exhaust structure away from the case body, rotatably arranged relative to the case body or the exhaust structure, and used to cover the exhaust structure when the battery pack is in normal use, and can flip open the exhaust structure under the impact of the eruptions when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack, and can cover the exhaust structure when the impact force of the eruptions is reduced.
[0004] In some embodiments, the ratio of the coverage area of the barrier structure to the coverage area of the vent structure is in the range of 110-150%.
[0005] In some embodiments, the barrier structure is an elastic structure, which can be elastically deformed to open the exhaust structure under the impact of the eruption, and can rebound to cover the exhaust structure when the impact force of the eruption decreases.
[0006] In some embodiments, the barrier structure includes an integrally arranged connecting portion, an elastic deformation portion, and a covering portion, wherein the connecting portion is connected to the box body or the exhaust structure, the elastic deformation portion is used to undergo elastic deformation under the impact of the eruption material, and the covering portion is used to cover or open the exhaust structure.
[0007] In some embodiments, the ratio of the total weight of the elastic deformation portion and the covering portion to the coverage area of the exhaust structure is in the range of 0.006-0.02 kg / cm 2 .
[0008] In some embodiments, the ratio of the total weight of the elastic deformation portion and the covering portion to the coverage area of the exhaust structure is 0.012 kg / cm 2 .
[0009] In some embodiments, the total weight of the elastic deformation portion and the covering portion is in the range of 2-4 kg.
[0010] In some embodiments, the barrier structure further includes a protection portion, wherein the protection portion is connected to the covering portion and is configured to shield a side of the exhaust structure when the covering portion covers the exhaust structure.
[0011] In some embodiments, the connection portion is detachably connected to the housing or the exhaust structure.
[0012] In some embodiments, the cover portion opens the exhaust structure in an upward flipping manner, and the distance between the connecting portion and the vehicle beam ranges from 30 mm to 150 mm.
[0013] In some embodiments, the exhaust structure protrudes from the box body in a direction away from the box body, and the barrier structure is connected to the exhaust structure.
[0014] Another aspect of the utility model provides an electrical device, comprising: a main body; and the battery pack described above, wherein the battery pack is installed on the main body.
[0015] In summary, the battery pack and electrical equipment provided by the utility model have the following technical effects:
[0016] By providing a barrier structure outside the box body, the exhaust structure can be shielded when the battery pack is in normal use, and when the battery pack has thermal runaway and ejects ejecta, the exhaust structure can be opened in a flipping manner under the impact pressure of the ejecta, so that the ejecta can be discharged normally from the exhaust structure to ensure normal pressure relief of the battery pack. At the same time, when the impact force of the ejecta on the barrier structure is reduced, the barrier structure can be rotated to cover the exhaust structure again, so that a small amount of ejecta located in the exhaust structure can be isolated from the external environment, that is, oxygen can be isolated through the barrier structure, thereby reducing the risk of further combustion of the ejecta, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An exploded schematic diagram of the box, exhaust structure and barrier structure in FIG.
[0019] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A reference diagram of an open state of the barrier structure in FIG.
[0020] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the barrier structure;
[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A reference diagram of another open state of the barrier structure;
[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the distance between the battery pack and the beam.
[0023] The meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:
[0024] 100 -battery pack, 10 -box, 20 -battery group, 30 -exhaust structure, 40 -barrier structure, 41 -connecting part, 42 -elastic deformation part, 43 -covering part, 44 -protective part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] For better understanding and implementation, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
[0026] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0027] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.
[0028] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0029] When the battery pack 100 is used in a new energy vehicle, when it encounters a high temperature environment or a violent impact, causing the battery pack 100 to have an internal short circuit, the heat inside the battery pack 100 accumulates rapidly, and thermal runaway may occur. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe use of the battery pack 100, the battery pack 100 can be depressurized to discharge the eruption when it is in thermal runaway. The battery pack 100 is provided with an exhaust structure 30 for high-temperature gas and / or high-temperature solid particles to be ejected. However, at the exhaust structure 30 and in the battery box, due to the obstruction of the exhaust structure 30, some solid particles will be deposited at the exhaust structure 30, and the outside of the exhaust structure 30 is an oxygen environment. As the eruption is gradually discharged, when it reaches the late stage of thermal runaway, the solid particles can contact with the oxygen in the outside world, and at the same time, the solid particles can meet the three conditions for combustion: combustibles, ignition point and oxygen, so the solid particles at the exhaust structure 30 still have the risk of continuous combustion. Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems, a battery pack 100 is provided in the present embodiment, so as to block the contact between solid particles and external oxygen in the later stage of thermal runaway, thereby avoiding the risk of continued combustion of solid particles.
[0030] Specifically, see Figures 1 to 4 , a battery pack 100 provided in an embodiment of the present utility model, includes a box body 10, a battery pack 20, an exhaust structure 30 and a barrier structure 40. Among them, Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the barrier structure 40 covering the exhaust structure 30, Figure 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of the barrier structure 40 and the exhaust structure 30, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the barrier structure 40 opening the covering exhaust structure 30, Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the barrier structure 40.
[0031] Among them, the battery pack 20 is arranged in the box body 10; the exhaust structure 30 is arranged on the box body 10, and is used to discharge the eruption when the battery pack 20 has thermal runaway; the barrier structure 40 is arranged on the side of the exhaust structure 30 away from the box body 10, and is rotatably arranged relative to the box body 10 or the exhaust structure 30, and is used to cover the exhaust structure 30 when the battery pack 20 is in normal use, and can flip open the exhaust structure 30 under the impact of the eruption when the battery pack 20 has thermal runaway, and can cover the exhaust structure 30 when the impact force of the eruption is reduced.
[0032] The battery pack 100 is provided with a barrier structure 40 outside the box body 10, so that when the battery pack 100 is in normal use, the exhaust structure 30 can be shielded, and when the battery pack 20 has thermal runaway and ejects ejecta, the exhaust structure 30 can be opened in a flipping manner under the impact pressure of the ejecta, so that the ejecta can be normally discharged from the exhaust structure 30, so as to ensure the normal pressure relief of the battery pack 20. At the same time, when the impact force of the ejecta on the barrier structure 40 is reduced, the barrier structure 40 can be rotated to cover the exhaust structure 30 again, so that a small part of the ejecta located in the exhaust structure 30 can be isolated from the external environment, that is, oxygen can be isolated through the barrier structure 40, thereby reducing the risk of further combustion of the ejecta, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 100.
[0033] The blocking mechanism 40 in this embodiment can open the exhaust structure 30 by turning upward, downward, leftward or rightward when turning over relative to the box body 10 or the exhaust structure 30 .
[0034] Among them, the barrier structure 40 covering the exhaust structure 30 referred to in this embodiment means that the projected area of the barrier structure 40 on the reference plane is ≥ the projected area of the exhaust structure 30 on the reference plane, so that in the later stage of thermal runaway, the barrier structure 40 can isolate the solid particles in the exhaust structure 30 from oxygen.
[0035] Specifically, the ratio of the coverage area of the barrier structure 40 of the present embodiment to the coverage area of the exhaust structure 30 is in the range of 110%-150%, so that the exhaust structure 30 can be fully covered by the barrier structure 40, while at the same time not making the coverage area of the barrier structure 40 too large to increase the weight of the barrier structure 40, thereby making it difficult to be flushed open by solid particles; it also avoids setting too large a coverage rate to cause waste of materials during the production of the barrier structure 40.
[0036] For example, the ratio of the coverage area of the barrier structure 40 to the coverage area of the exhaust structure 30 in this embodiment can be set to 110%, 120%, 130%, 140% or 150%, etc., which is not limited here.
[0037] It should be noted that the single cells in the battery pack 20 mentioned in the present application are divided into primary batteries and secondary batteries according to whether they can be recharged repeatedly. Disposable batteries are also called disposable batteries and primary batteries because they cannot be recharged after their power is exhausted. Secondary batteries are rechargeable batteries and storage batteries, such as lithium batteries, sodium batteries, potassium batteries and other different types of secondary batteries.
[0038] Furthermore, the barrier structure 40 of this embodiment is an elastic structure, which can be elastically deformed to open 30 under the impact of the eruption, and can rebound to cover the exhaust structure 30 when the impact force of the eruption is reduced. In other embodiments, a rotating shaft can be set on the box body 10 or the exhaust structure 30 for the barrier structure 40 to rotate, and the barrier structure 40 can also be turned over to open the exhaust structure 30.
[0039] Specifically, see Figure 4 The barrier structure 40 of this embodiment includes an integrally arranged connecting portion 41, an elastic deformation portion 42 and a covering portion 43, wherein the connecting portion 41 is connected to the box body 10 or the exhaust structure 30, the elastic deformation portion 42 is used to elastically deform under the impact of the eruption, and the covering portion 43 is used to cover or open the exhaust structure 30, so that when the battery pack 20 has thermal runaway, the eruption has an impact force on the covering portion 43, and the impact force causes the elastic deformation portion 42 to elastically deform relative to the connecting portion 41, thereby opening the exhaust structure 30; when it reaches the late stage of thermal runaway, when the impact force of the eruption decreases, the elastic deformation portion 42 has an elastic force to restore the original state, thereby driving the covering portion 43 to return to the state of covering the exhaust structure 30, at this time, the covering portion 43 isolates the oxygen outside the box body 10 from the solid particles in the exhaust structure 30, thereby avoiding the risk of continued combustion of the solid particles.
[0040] Among them, the barrier structure 40 of this embodiment is detachably connected to the box body 10 or the exhaust structure 30, that is, the connection portion 41 is detachably connected to the box body 10 or the exhaust structure 30. In this way, by setting the barrier structure 40 and the box body 10 or the exhaust structure 30 in a detachable connection, when the covering portion 43 is deformed by the impact of the ejection during thermal runaway and cannot be used anymore, or when the elastic deformation portion 42 is excessively deformed and cannot be used anymore, the entire barrier structure 40 can be easily replaced. In other embodiments, in order to ensure the connection stability of the barrier structure 40 relative to the box body 10 or the exhaust structure 30, the barrier structure 40 and the box body 10 or the exhaust structure 30 can also be fixedly connected, for example, by welding, so that the barrier structure 40 can be stably connected to the box body 10 or the exhaust structure 30.
[0041] Specifically, the exhaust structure 30 of the present embodiment protrudes from the box body 10 in a direction away from the box body 10 , and therefore, the barrier structure 40 is connected to the exhaust structure 30 , so that the structure of the barrier structure 40 is simplified.
[0042] See also Figure 4In order to make the battery pack 100 have integrity, the barrier structure 40 also includes at least one protective portion 44, which is connected to the covering portion 43 and is used to cover the side of the exhaust structure 30 when the covering portion 43 covers the exhaust structure 30. In this way, when the battery pack 100 is in normal use, the entire barrier structure 40 can cover the outside of the exhaust structure 30 to avoid the exhaust structure 30 from being exposed relative to the box body 10, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the appearance of the entire battery pack 100.
[0043] In some embodiments, the ratio of the total weight of the elastic deformation portion 42 and the covering portion 43 to the coverage area of the exhaust structure 30 is in the range of 0.006-0.02 kg / cm2, so that the elastic deformation portion 42 and the covering portion 43 can have a certain weight and can rebound to cover the exhaust structure 30 in the later stage of thermal runaway. At the same time, the exhaust structure 30 can also have an appropriate exhaust area to facilitate the rapid discharge of the eruption material.
[0044] It can be understood that as the coverage area of the exhaust structure 30 becomes larger, the elastic deformation part 42 and the covering part 43 can be set with a larger weight. Therefore, the exhaust structure 30 with a larger area can quickly eject more sprays. At the same time, more sprays can have a greater impact force to break open the elastic deformation part 42 and the covering part 43 with heavier weight. In the later stage, the elastic deformation part 42 and the covering part 43 can also rebound to cover the exhaust structure 30.
[0045] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the total weight of the elastic deformation portion 42 and the covering portion 43 to the coverage area of the exhaust structure 30 is 0.012 kg / cm 2 At this time, the total weight of the elastic deformation part 42 and the covering part 43 can be easily washed away by the ejected matter discharged from the exhaust structure 30. In the later stage of thermal runaway, the total weight of the elastic deformation part 42 and the covering part 43 can better shield the exhaust structure 30, so as to achieve the effect of isolating the solid particles in the exhaust structure 30 from oxygen. For example, when the coverage area of the exhaust structure 30 is set to 200cm 2 When the total weight of the elastic deformation part 42 and the covering part 43 is set to 2.6 kg; when the coverage area of the exhaust structure 30 is set to 300 cm 2 At this time, the total weight of the elastic deformation portion 42 and the covering portion 43 can be set to 3.6 kg.
[0046] In some embodiments, the total weight of the elastic deformation portion 42 and the covering portion 43 is in the range of 2-4 kg, so that the elastic deformation portion 42 and the covering portion 43 can have a certain weight to avoid being rotated to an excessive angle by the impact of high-pressure eruptions during thermal runaway, which may easily cause excessive deformation, resulting in the inability to return to the original position to achieve the covering effect. At the same time, the weight of the covering portion 43 is not too light, and in the later stage of thermal runaway, when the impact force of the eruptions decreases, it still cannot return to the covering position and cannot achieve the effect of isolating the solid particles from external oxygen.
[0047] Exemplarily, the total weight of the elastic deformation portion 42 and the covering portion 43 can be set to 2kg, 2.5kg, 3kg, 3.5kg, 4kg, etc. according to the size type of the battery pack 100 and the opening size of the exhaust structure 30, which is not limited here.
[0048] Also, see Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 In this embodiment, when the barrier structure 40 is connected to the exhaust structure 30, it is connected to the upper end of the exhaust structure 30, that is, the connecting portion 41 is connected to the upper end of the exhaust structure 30, and the covering portion 43 opens the exhaust structure 30 in an upward flipping manner, and the distance L between the connecting portion 41 and the beam 200 ranges from 30mm to 150mm, so that after the barrier structure 40 is opened, the covering portion 43 can return to its original position under the assistance of its own gravity, and at the same time, when the exhaust structure 30 is in a shielding state, the elastic deformation portion 42 has an upward pulling force on the covering portion 43 to pull the covering portion 43, so that the covering portion 43 is stably shielded outside the exhaust structure 30, ensuring the structural stability of the entire barrier structure 40, and at the same time, the distance L between the connecting portion 41 and the vehicle beam 200 is in the range of 30mm-150mm to avoid interference with the entire vehicle when the covering portion 43 is flipped upward nearly 180°, and at the same time, the distance is not too large to avoid reducing the number of installed batteries in order to expand the distance, thereby reducing the power supply of the battery pack.
[0049] Specifically, the spacing range between the connecting portion 41 and the vehicle beam 200 can be set to 30 mm, 50 mm, 70 mm, 90 mm, 110 mm, 130 mm, 150 mm, etc., which is not limited here.
[0050] The battery pack 100 described above is provided with an elastic blocking structure 40 on the side of the exhaust structure 30 facing away from the box body 10, so that when the battery pack 20 is in thermal runaway, the exhaust structure 30 can be blocked by the elastic blocking structure 40's self-rebound, thereby avoiding the risk of solid particles in the exhaust structure 30 continuing to contact external oxygen and causing combustion, thereby improving the safety of the battery pack 100.
[0051] The utility model further provides an electric device in a second embodiment. The electric device includes a main body and the above-mentioned battery pack 100 , wherein the battery pack 100 is installed on the main body.
[0052] Among them, the electrical equipment may be electric vehicles, electric vehicles and other electrical equipment.
[0053] The technical means disclosed in the solution of the utility model are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above-mentioned implementation mode, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the utility model, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A battery pack (100), characterized in that: include: Box body (10); A battery pack (20) is arranged in the box (10); An exhaust structure (30) is disposed on the box body (10) and is used to exhaust eruptions when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack (20); The barrier structure (40) is arranged on a side of the exhaust structure (30) away from the box (10), and is rotatably arranged relative to the box (10) or the exhaust structure (30), and is used to cover the exhaust structure (30) when the battery pack (20) is in a normal use state, and can flip open the exhaust structure (30) under the impact of the eruption when the battery pack (20) has thermal runaway, and can cover the exhaust structure (30) when the impact force of the eruption is reduced.
2. The battery pack (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the coverage area of the barrier structure (40) to the coverage area of the exhaust structure (30) ranges from 110% to 150%.
3. The battery pack (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The barrier structure (40) is an elastic structure, which can be elastically deformed to open the (30) under the impact of the eruption, and can rebound to cover the exhaust structure (30) when the impact force of the eruption decreases.
4. The battery pack (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that: The barrier structure (40) comprises an integrally arranged connection portion (41), an elastic deformation portion (42) and a cover portion (43); the connection portion (41) is connected to the box body (10) or the exhaust structure (30); the elastic deformation portion (42) is used to elastically deform under the impact of the eruption object; and the cover portion (43) is used to cover or open the exhaust structure (30).
5. The battery pack (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ratio of the total weight of the elastic deformation portion (42) and the covering portion (43) to the coverage area of the exhaust structure (30) is in the range of 0.006-0.02 kg / cm 2 .
6. The battery pack (100) according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ratio of the total weight of the elastic deformation portion (42) and the covering portion (43) to the coverage area of the exhaust structure (30) is 0.012 kg / cm 2 .
7. The battery pack (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The total weight of the elastic deformation portion (42) and the covering portion (43) is in the range of 2-4 kg.
8. The battery pack (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that: The barrier structure (40) further comprises a protection portion (44), wherein the protection portion (44) is connected to the covering portion (43) and is used to shield the side of the exhaust structure (30) when the covering portion (43) covers the exhaust structure (30).
9. The battery pack (100) according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that: The connecting portion (41) is detachably connected to the box body (10) or the exhaust structure (30).
10. The battery pack (100) according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that: The cover portion (43) opens the exhaust structure (30) in an upward flipping manner, and the distance between the connecting portion (41) and the vehicle beam ranges from 30 mm to 150 mm.
11. The battery pack (100) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The exhaust structure (30) protrudes from the box body (10) in a direction away from the box body (10), and the barrier structure (40) is connected to the exhaust structure (30).
12. Electrical equipment, characterized in that: include; main body; The battery pack (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the battery pack (100) is mounted on the main body.