Strip steel radian adjusting assembly and tension roller device

By designing the strip arc adjustment component and using the cooperation of the lifting parts and the adjustment rollers, the problem of scratching or bending caused by excessive strip bending is solved, and the production efficiency and product quality are improved.

CN222369962UActive Publication Date: 2025-01-21SHOUGANG ZHIXIN QIAN AN ELECTROMAGNETIC MATERIALS CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202420740287.0
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-04-11
Publication Date
2025-01-21
Estimated Expiration
2034-04-11

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

In cold rolling production lines, when the strip steel passes out from the welding outlet, it needs to have a certain arc, which leads to a large degree of bending and is difficult to enter the fixed entrance of the tension roller, causing scratches or bending, affecting production efficiency.

Method used

Design a strip arc adjustment component, including a lifting piece, a bracket and an adjusting roller. The lifting piece is connected to the tension roller frame, and the adjusting roller is rotationally connected to the bracket to form an adjustment space for the strip to pass through. The axis of the adjusting roller is connected to the tension roller frame. The running direction of the strip forms an included angle, guiding and limiting the lead to ensure that it enters the entrance of the tension roller stably.

Benefits of technology

By adjusting the arc of the strip, the frame of the belt head and the tension roller device is prevented from being scratched or bent, thereby improving the production efficiency of the strip and ensuring product quality.

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a strip steel radian adjusting assembly and a tension roller device. A lifting piece of the strip steel radian adjusting assembly is connected with a rack of a tension roller, and a fixing part of the lifting piece is connected with the rack. The adjusting roller is rotationally connected with the support, and an adjusting space for strip steel to penetrate through is formed between the adjusting roller and the supporting part of the support. After the strip steel penetrates out of the welding machine, the lifting part of the lifting frame ascends and descends, so that the strip steel penetrates into the adjusting space and can enter the fixed inlet of the tension roller. The adjusting rollers guide and limit the strip steel, the height of the adjusting space is fixed, and the height difference of the strip steel is limited so as to adjust the radian of the strip steel. The strip head of the strip steel is guided by the contact of the adjusting roller and limited by the adjusting space, the radian of the strip steel is not too large, the strip steel can stably enter the inlet of the tension roller from the welding machine, and the situation that the strip steel is scratched or bent with a rack of the tension roller device due to the too large radian or position deviation of the strip steel is reduced. The problem that the strip steel production efficiency is affected by strip steel rubbing or bending is solved to a certain extent.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of strip steel rolling devices, and in particular relates to a strip steel curvature adjustment component and a tension roller device. Background Art

[0002] In the cold-rolled sheet production line, the welder is responsible for welding the ends of the front and rear strips to achieve continuous production of steel products, which is of great significance for improving production efficiency and product quality. A tension roller will be set after the welder to adjust the shape of the strip.

[0003] In the current cold rolling production line, the strip needs to have a certain curvature when passing through the welding outlet. When the material of the rolled strip is different, the curvature of the strip head will also be different. When the curvature of the strip head is large, it is difficult for the strip head to enter the fixed entrance of the tension roller, and the strip will rub against the frame of the tension roller device or bend relative to the tension roller, affecting the production efficiency of the strip. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a strip curvature adjustment component and a tension roller device, which aim to solve the problem of strip scratching or bending affecting strip production efficiency to at least a certain extent.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present application, a strip steel curvature adjustment assembly is provided, which is used to adjust the curvature of a strip steel located between a welding machine and a tension roller, and comprises: a lifting member connected to a frame of the tension roller, provided with a fixed portion connected to the frame, and a lifting portion that can be lifted and lowered relative to the fixed portion;

[0006] A bracket, connected to the lifting part and provided with a supporting part;

[0007] An adjusting roller is rotatably connected to the bracket, an adjusting space for the strip steel to pass through is formed between the adjusting roller and the supporting portion, and an angle is formed between the axis of the adjusting roller and the running direction of the strip steel.

[0008] In some embodiments, the adjusting roller is higher than the supporting portion.

[0009] In some embodiments, along the running direction of the steel strip, the width of the support portion is less than or equal to the diameter of the adjusting roller.

[0010] In some embodiments, the support portion is plate-shaped, and the axial direction of the adjusting roller extends in the same direction as the length direction of the support portion.

[0011] In some embodiments, at least two of the lifting members are connected to the frame at intervals, and at least two of the lifting members are respectively located on both sides of the steel strip.

[0012] In some embodiments, the lifting member is a cylinder, the base of the cylinder is configured as the fixing part, the push rod of the cylinder is configured as the lifting part, and the strip curvature adjustment assembly further includes:

[0013] A protective cover is provided, wherein the base is connected to the frame through the protective cover, and the protective cover surrounds the base.

[0014] In a second aspect of the present application, a tension roller device is provided, characterized in that it comprises:

[0015] The strip arc adjustment assembly as described above;

[0016] A frame spaced apart from the welding machine, the frame being connected to the fixing portion;

[0017] A tension roller, rotatably connected to the frame;

[0018] A connecting frame and a pressure roller, wherein the connecting frame is rotatably connected to the frame, the pressure roller is rotatably connected to the connecting frame around its own axis, and a strip-threading space for pulling and stretching the strip steel is formed between the pressure roller and the tension roller, and the strip steel passes through the adjustment space and the strip-threading space in sequence.

[0019] In some embodiments, the frame includes a body and a mounting portion protruding from the body, and the mounting portion is detachably connected to the fixing portion.

[0020] In some embodiments, the tension roller device further comprises:

[0021] The telescopic member is rotatably connected to the frame and is provided with a connecting portion rotatably connected to the frame and a telescopic portion rotatably connected to the connecting frame. The telescopic portion is telescopic relative to the connecting portion so that the connecting frame rotates relative to the frame.

[0022] In some embodiments, the tension roller device further comprises:

[0023] A limit plate is rotatably connected to the connecting frame and movably disposed on the frame. The moving direction of the limit plate relative to the frame is parallel to the rotating surface of the connecting frame.

[0024] Advantageous effects provided by one or more embodiments of the present application:

[0025] The lifting member of the strip curvature adjustment assembly is connected to the frame of the tension roller, and the fixed part of the lifting member is connected to the frame. The lifting member can be lifted and lowered relative to the fixed part, so that the bracket connected to the lifting member can be lifted and lowered accordingly. The adjusting roller is rotatably connected to the bracket, and an adjustment space is formed between the adjusting roller and the support part of the bracket for the strip to pass through. After the strip passes through the welding machine, the lifting part of the lifting frame is lifted and lowered, which can make the support part of the bracket and the adjusting roller between the rotating connection lift together, so as to change the height of the adjustment space formed by the adjusting roller and the support part, so that the strip can pass through the adjustment space and enter the entrance fixed by the tension roller. The adjusting roller contacts the strip head and the axis of the adjusting roller forms an angle with the running direction of the strip, which plays a guiding and limiting role for the strip head, so that the strip head can stably enter the adjustment space. The height of the adjustment space is constant, which can limit the height difference between the strip head and the strip body, so that the overall curvature of the strip will not be too large, and has an adjusting effect on the overall curvature of the strip. The strip head is guided by the contact of the adjusting roller and limited by the adjusting space, so the strip curvature will not be too large, and it can also enter the entrance of the tension roller from the welding machine more stably, reducing the situation where the strip curvature is too large or the position is offset, resulting in scratches or bends with the frame of the tension roller device. To a certain extent, the problem of strip scratches or bends affecting strip production efficiency is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a strip arc adjustment assembly in one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a tension roller device in one or more embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0029] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. lifting member; 11. fixing portion; 12. lifting portion; 2. bracket; 21. supporting portion; 22. I-beam; 3. adjusting roller; 4. adjusting space; 5. protective cover; 10. frame; 101. main body; 102. mounting portion; 103. slide groove; 20. tension roller; 30. connecting frame; 40. pressure roller; 50. telescopic member; 501. connecting portion; 502. telescopic portion; 60. limit plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the technical personnel in the technical field to which the present application belongs to understand the present application more clearly, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0031] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a strip curvature adjustment assembly in one or more embodiments of the present application is shown. In a first aspect of the present application, a strip curvature adjustment assembly is provided for adjusting the curvature of the strip between the welding machine and the tension roller 20. The strip curvature adjustment assembly includes a lifting member 1, a bracket 2 and an adjustment roller 3.

[0032] The lifting member 1 is provided with a fixing portion 11 connected to the frame 10 of the tension roller 20 , and a lifting portion 12 which can be lifted and lowered relative to the fixing portion 11 .

[0033] The bracket 2 is connected to the lifting portion 12 and is provided with a supporting portion 21 .

[0034] The adjusting roller 3 is rotatably connected to the bracket 2. An adjusting space 4 for the strip steel to pass through is formed between the adjusting roller 3 and the supporting portion 21. An angle is formed between the axis of the adjusting roller 3 and the running direction of the strip steel.

[0035] The lifting member 1 of the strip curvature adjustment assembly is connected to the frame 10 of the tension roller 20, the fixed portion 11 of the lifting member 1 is connected to the frame 10, and the lifting portion 12 can be lifted and lowered relative to the fixed portion 11, so that the bracket 2 connected to the lifting portion 12 can be lifted and lowered accordingly. The adjusting roller 3 is rotatably connected to the bracket 2, and an adjustment space 4 is formed between the adjusting roller 3 and the support portion 21 of the bracket 2 for the strip to pass through. After the strip passes through the welding machine, the lifting portion 12 of the lifting frame is lifted and lowered, which can lift and lower the support portion 21 of the bracket 2 and the adjusting roller 3 between the rotatable connections together, so as to change the height of the adjustment space 4 formed by the adjusting roller 3 and the support portion 21, so that the strip can pass through the adjustment space 4 and enter the fixed entrance of the tension roller 20. The adjusting roller 3 is in contact with the strip head and the axis of the adjusting roller 3 forms an angle with the running direction of the strip, which plays a guiding and limiting role on the strip head, so that the strip head can stably enter the adjustment space 4. The height of the adjustment space 4 is certain. When the strip passes through the adjustment space 4, the upper and lower directions will be respectively limited by the adjusting roller 3 and the support part 21 to limit the height difference between the strip head and the strip body, so that the overall curvature of the strip will not be too large, and the overall curvature of the strip will be adjusted. The strip head is guided by the contact of the adjusting roller 3 and the limiting effect of the adjustment space 4, so the curvature of the strip will not be too large, and it can also enter the entrance of the tension roller 20 from the welding machine more stably, reducing the situation where the strip curvature is too large or the position is offset, resulting in scratching or bending with the frame 10 of the tension roller 20 device. To a certain extent, the problem of strip scratching or bending affecting the strip production efficiency is solved.

[0036] The adjustment space 4 is raised and lowered along with the lifting member 1. When the material of the rolled steel strip changes, the adjustment space 4 can be adjusted to an appropriate height to adjust the curvature of the steel strip. This can improve the applicability of the curvature adjustment device to steel strips of different materials and thicknesses. It should be noted that the adjustment space 4 is the distance between the adjustment roller 3 and the support portion 21.

[0037] In some embodiments, the adjusting roller 3 is higher than the support portion 21. The adjusting roller 3 is higher than the support portion 21, which is convenient for installing the adjusting roller 3 and is also beneficial for pressing the strip steel down to the support portion 21, effectively limiting the curvature of the strip steel.

[0038] In some embodiments, along the running direction of the steel strip, the width of the support portion 21 is less than or equal to the diameter of the adjusting roller 3. This can limit the curvature of the steel strip and reduce the manufacturing cost of the steel strip curvature adjusting assembly.

[0039] In some embodiments, the adjusting roller 3 may be lower than the supporting portion 21, the adjusting space 4 between the adjusting roller 3 and the supporting portion 21 may also limit the height of the strip, and the width of the supporting portion 21 may be equal to the diameter of the adjusting roller 3. This application does not impose any limitation on this.

[0040] In some embodiments, the support portion 21 is plate-shaped, and the axial direction of the adjusting roller 3 extends in the same direction as the length direction of the support portion 21. The main restriction of the strip steel by the adjusting space 4 is the restriction of the strip steel in the up and down directions, and the adjusting roller 3 and the length direction of the support portion 21 extend in the same direction, which can limit the strip steel and reduce the overall preparation cost.

[0041] In some embodiments, the support portion 21 may also be columnar or block-shaped, which is not limited in the present application.

[0042] In some embodiments, the support portion 21 may be plate-shaped, and both the support portion 21 and the pressure roller 40 may cross the strip steel, and the bracket 2 may further include two I-beams 22 respectively located at both ends of the support portion 21, and the I-beams 22 are rotatably connected to both ends of the adjusting roller 3. The preparation cost is low, and the use effect is good. It is also convenient for the maintenance and replacement of the adjusting roller 3.

[0043] In some embodiments, at least two lifting members 1 are connected to the frame 10 at intervals, and at least two lifting members 1 are respectively located on both sides of the strip, so as to improve the control ability of the lifting of the bracket 2 and the adjusting roller 3, and make the position of the adjusting space 4 more stable.

[0044] In some embodiments, the two lifting members 1 may be cylinders and the two cylinders are respectively located on both sides of the strip in the width direction, thereby improving the guiding and adjusting capability of the strip.

[0045] In some embodiments, the lifting member 1 is a cylinder, the base of the cylinder is configured as a fixing part 11, the push rod of the cylinder is configured as a lifting part 12, and the strip arc adjustment assembly further includes a protective cover 5. The base is connected to the frame 10 through the protective cover 5, and the protective cover 5 surrounds the base. The protective cover 5 can protect the cylinder and extend the service life of the arc adjustment device.

[0046] In some embodiments, the protective cover 5 and the frame 10 may be detachably connected to facilitate maintenance and position adjustment of the arc adjustment device.

[0047] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the tension roller device in one or more embodiments of the present application is shown, referring to Figure 2 In a second aspect of the present application, a tension roller 20 device is provided, characterized in that it includes:

[0048] The strip curvature adjustment assembly as previously described.

[0049] The frame 10 is spaced apart from the welding machine (not shown in the figure), and the frame 10 is connected to the fixing part 11 of the lifting member 1.

[0050] The tension roller 20 is rotatably connected to the frame 10 .

[0051] The connecting frame 30 and the pressure roller 40 are rotatably connected to the frame 10. The pressure roller 40 is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 30 around its own axis, and a strip-threading space for pulling and stretching the strip is formed between the pressure roller 40 and the tension roller 20. The strip passes through the adjustment space 4 and the strip-threading space in turn.

[0052] The structure of the strip curvature adjustment assembly and the corresponding technical effects can be referred to above and will not be repeated here. In the tension roller 20 device, the connecting frame 30 is rotatably connected relative to the frame 10, the pressure roller 40 is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 30, and a strip threading space for pulling and stretching the strip is formed between the pressure roller 40 and the tension roller 20. On the basis of the curvature adjustment device, the pressure roller 40 and the tension roller 20 can effectively pull and stretch the strip, and the strip passes through the adjustment space 4 and the strip threading space in turn, which is convenient for the subsequent preparation of the strip. And the connection frame 30 rotates relative to the frame 10, which can change the height of the strip threading space between the pressure roller 40 and the tension roller 20, and can also make the tension roller 20 device suitable for rolling strips of different materials and thicknesses, thereby improving the versatility of the tension roller 20 device. For ease of understanding, Figure 2 The arrows show the direction of movement of the strip. Figure 2 The running direction of the strip is marked as direction A.

[0053] In some embodiments, the frame 10 includes a body 101 and a mounting portion 102 protruding from the body 101, and the mounting portion 102 is detachably connected to the fixing portion 11. The mounting portion 102 protruding from the body 101 of the frame 10 is detachably connected to the fixing portion 11 of the lifting member 1, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the lifting member 1 and the strip steel curvature adjustment assembly.

[0054] In some embodiments, the protrusion and the body 101 may be integrally formed or connected by welding. The protrusion may be block-shaped or plate-shaped, etc., and this application does not limit this.

[0055] In some embodiments, the tension roller 20 device further includes a telescopic member 50. The telescopic member 50 is rotatably connected to the frame 10, and is provided with a connecting portion 501 rotatably connected to the frame 10, and a telescopic portion 502 rotatably connected to the connecting frame 30, and the telescopic portion 502 is telescopic relative to the connecting portion 501 to enable the connecting frame 30 to rotate relative to the frame 10.

[0056] The telescopic member 50 can be used as a device or structure that can drive the connecting frame 30 to rotate relative to the frame 10, so that the connecting frame 30 can rotate relative to the frame 10 to adjust the position between the pressure roller 40 and the tension roller 20 in the tension roller 20 device. The overall structure of the telescopic member 50, the connecting member and the frame 10 can be close to a crank connecting rod mechanism to effectively control the position adjustment between the pressure roller 40 and the tension roller 20.

[0057] In some embodiments, two telescopic members 50 may be provided, which are located on both sides of the strip respectively. The telescopic members 50 may be cylinders or hydraulic cylinders, and the telescopic members 50 are parallel to each other. This facilitates the control of the rotation of the connecting frame 30 relative to the frame 10. A rotating pair is formed between the two structures of the rotating connection, and the rotation axes of the rotating pairs are parallel to each other and can be perpendicular to the running direction of the strip. The rotating surfaces of the telescopic members 50 and the connecting frame 30 relative to the frame 10 can be perpendicular to the axis of the rotating pair. The overall preparation cost of the tension roller 20 device can be reduced, and the position of the pressure roller 40 relative to the tension roller 20 can be adjusted.

[0058] In some embodiments, the tension roller 20 device further includes a limit plate 60. The limit plate 60 is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 30 and is movably disposed on the frame 10, and the moving direction of the limit plate 60 relative to the frame 10 is parallel to the rotation plane of the connecting frame 30. The limiter can limit and guide the rotation of the connecting frame 30 relative to the frame 10, thereby reducing the possibility of the limit plate 60 shaking or moving in a direction perpendicular to the rotation plane.

[0059] In some embodiments, the frame 10 may be provided with a slide groove 103 whose length direction is parallel to the rotation surface of the connecting frame 30, and the limiting plate 60 may move along the slide groove 103 to limit the position of the connecting frame 30. When the frame 10 includes a body 101 and a mounting portion 102, the slide groove 103 may be provided on the body 101.

[0060] In some embodiments provided in this application, the rotational connection can be achieved by inserting the rotation axis into two different structures. This application does not limit this. In addition, the concepts of parallelism, perpendicularity, etc. involved in this application are relative to the parallelism and perpendicularity in the geometric sense, and a deviation of 0 to 5° is allowed, and this application does not limit this.

[0061] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0062] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise" and "counterclockwise" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0063] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0064] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in this application are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0065] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and that the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A strip arc adjustment assembly, characterized in that: Used to adjust the curvature of the strip between the welder and the tension roller, including: A lifting member, used to be connected to the frame of the tension roller, and provided with a fixing portion connected to the frame, and a lifting portion that can be lifted and lowered relative to the fixing portion; a bracket, connected to the lifting part and provided with a supporting part; and An adjusting roller is rotatably connected to the bracket, an adjusting space for the strip steel to pass through is formed between the adjusting roller and the supporting portion, and an angle is formed between the axis of the adjusting roller and the running direction of the strip steel.

2. The strip steel curvature adjustment assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjusting roller is higher than the supporting portion.

3. The strip steel curvature adjustment assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: Along the running direction of the steel strip, the width of the support portion is less than or equal to the diameter of the adjusting roller.

4. The strip steel curvature adjustment assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The support portion is plate-shaped, and the axial direction of the adjustment roller and the length direction of the support portion extend in the same direction.

5. The strip steel curvature adjustment assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: At least two of the lifting members are connected to the frame at intervals, and at least two of the lifting members are respectively located on both sides of the strip steel.

6. The strip steel curvature adjustment assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The lifting member is a cylinder, the base of the cylinder is configured as the fixing part, the push rod of the cylinder is configured as the lifting part, and the strip arc adjustment assembly also includes: A protective cover is provided, wherein the base is connected to the frame through the protective cover, and the protective cover surrounds the base.

7. A tension roller device, characterized in that: include: The strip curvature adjustment assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6; A frame spaced apart from the welding machine, the frame being connected to the fixing portion; A tension roller, rotatably connected to the frame; A connecting frame and a pressure roller, wherein the connecting frame is rotatably connected to the frame, the pressure roller is rotatably connected to the connecting frame around its own axis, and a strip-threading space for pulling and stretching the strip steel is formed between the pressure roller and the tension roller, and the strip steel passes through the adjustment space and the strip-threading space in sequence.

8. The tension roller device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The frame comprises a body and a mounting portion protruding from the body, and the mounting portion is detachably connected to the fixing portion.

9. The tension roller device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The tension roller device also includes: The telescopic member is rotatably connected to the frame and is provided with a connecting portion rotatably connected to the frame and a telescopic portion rotatably connected to the connecting frame. The telescopic portion is telescopic relative to the connecting portion to enable the connecting frame to rotate relative to the frame.

10. The tension roller device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The tension roller device also includes: A limit plate is rotatably connected to the connecting frame and movably disposed on the frame. The moving direction of the limit plate relative to the frame is parallel to the rotating surface of the connecting frame.