Simulation test block for phased array ultrasonic detection of fillet weld of small connecting pipe with reinforcing ring of pressure vessel
By designing a simulation test block for the reinforced ring fillet weld of the pressure vessel nozzle belt, and setting a variety of artificial defects, the problems of low detection efficiency and insufficient sensitivity in the existing technology have been solved, and accurate phased array ultrasonic detection has been achieved. Improved performance and efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420804572.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-18
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to effectively detect defects in the reinforcement circle corner weld of the small joint belt of the pressure vessel, especially due to the complex structure and the wide variety of defects, traditional ultrasonic and ray detection methods have problems such as low efficiency, insufficient sensitivity and radiation safety.
Design a simulated test block, including a small pipe, a reinforcing ring and a flat plate, connected through a double-sided full penetration structure, and set 10 artificial defects, including internal and external surface cracks, lack of fusion, slag, etc., to meet the requirements of phased array ultrasonic testing Require.
Through the use of simulated test blocks, the phased array ultrasonic testing equipment can be effectively calibrated, the detection sensitivity can be adjusted, the accuracy and efficiency of detecting fillet weld defects in the small pipe belt reinforcement circle can be improved, and the actual detection needs can be met.
Smart Images
Figure CN222379649U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, in particular to a phased array ultrasonic simulation test block for detecting fillet welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings of pressure vessels. Background Art
[0002] The structure of small pipes with reinforcement rings is common in the design and manufacturing process of pressure vessels. According to the TSG 21-2016 standard, the non-destructive testing method, detection ratio and qualified level of the pipe welding joints of pressure vessels with a nominal diameter less than 250mm are specified by the designer or product standard. The product standard GB / T150-2011 does not specify the non-destructive testing content of the fillet welds connecting pipes and equipment. Considering economic factors, designers usually only require surface non-destructive testing of such fillet welds. Under the above standard regulations and nominal background, defects such as cracks, lack of fusion, lack of penetration, and slag strips often occur in the welding of small pipes. For small pipes with reinforcement rings, due to the complex structure and groove form, defects are more likely to occur in the fillet welds connecting the flat plate reinforcement ring and the small pipe, and the fillet welds connecting the flat plate and the reinforcement ring during the manufacturing and installation process. Affecting the integrity of the welding structure, greatly weakening the mechanical properties of the weld. Causing corrosion thinning, surface cracking, material deterioration and other damage to the connecting fillet welds, which in turn causes leakage and cracking at the pipe, affecting the safety of equipment use.
[0003] Due to the structural limitations of small pipe corner welds with reinforcement rings, the traditional non-destructive detection methods for buried defects are ultrasonic or X-ray detection. When X-ray detection of pipe corner joints, the penetration thickness ratio is large, the film image blackness difference is large, the effective evaluation range is small, the detection efficiency is low, and it is limited by the detection angle, insensitive to crack defects. In addition, there are radiation damage and detection space limitations, which makes it difficult to apply it on a large scale in the detection of in-service containers. When conventional ultrasonic detection of pipe corner joints, due to the thin pipe wall and large curvature, the near-field area of the sound field used is distorted, and the waveform is converted multiple times, resulting in difficulty in identifying and quantifying defect signals. Phased array ultrasonic detection technology controls the focus and deflection of the sound beam to achieve rapid scanning in a large angle range, greatly improves the detection resolution, signal-to-noise ratio and sensitivity, can image multiple views of defects, and has good traceability and high detection efficiency. It is particularly suitable for the detection of small pipe corner welds with reinforcement rings.
[0004] The "Phase-controlled Array Ultrasonic Test Block for Testing Fillet Welds and Butt Welds of Temperature Sleeve Tubes" is used to detect defects in the fillet welds connecting the tube to the mother tube and the butt welds of the circumferential seam on the tube. Artificial defects of porosity and incomplete penetration at the root are set in the fillet welds, and artificial defects of incomplete fusion at the groove and cracks are set inside the butt welds. It is used to calibrate the combined performance of the probe, adjust the detection sensitivity, and determine the size and depth of the defect. The disadvantages are: 1. The welding groove processing position is on the tube, which increases the stress concentration of the tube. 2. The defect types set in the fillet weld are limited to porosity defects and incomplete penetration defects at the root. 3. The weld structure with reinforcement rings and its defect distribution characteristics are not considered.
[0005] "A simulated test block for ultrasonic phased array detection of corner welds of inserted header pipe sockets" detects the connecting welds between the pipe and the header cylinder, in which pores, incomplete penetration defects and incomplete fusion defects are set in the welds. The advantage of this simulated test block is that compared with the software simulation verification of the phased array detection process, the use of simulated test blocks to verify the detection process can better meet the actual detection capabilities of defects and avoid missed detection. The disadvantages are: 1. The test block simulates the slotting of the header cylinder and the opening, and the bottom surface of the inserted pipe is not flush with the inner surface of the header cylinder. This structure is different from the welding structure specified in GB / T 150 and the common welding structure of pressure vessels. 2. The weld structure with reinforcement rings and its defect distribution characteristics are not considered. 3. There are few types of defects, limited to pores, incomplete fusion and incomplete penetration defects.
[0006] "A simulated specimen for ultrasonic phased array testing of pipe socket corner welds" simulates the actual situation of cracks in the pipe socket corner welds of the actual header. Three unfused defects are set in the pipe socket corner welds to verify the detection process. The disadvantages are: 1. The connection between the small pipe and the header is plug-in, not plug-in. 2. The defect category is single, all of which are unfused defects. 3. The weld structure with reinforcement ring and its defect distribution characteristics are not considered. Summary of the invention
[0007] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides a simulation test block for detecting the fillet welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings for pressure vessels. The connection structure between the small nozzle and the equipment is an insert type, the groove form meets GB / T 150, the inner diameter of the small nozzle is less than 200mm, and the wall thickness of the small nozzle is less than 6mm. The defect types include side cracks on the inner surface of the pipe wall of the fillet weld connecting the flat reinforcement ring and the small nozzle, cracks on the outer side of the weld on the outer surface, lack of fusion at 1 / 2 plate thickness of the flat plate, lack of fusion at 1 / 2 plate thickness of the reinforcement ring, artificial defect I of incomplete penetration at the root, strip slag at 1 / 2T plate thickness of the flat plate, cracks at the root of the fillet weld connecting the flat plate and the reinforcement ring, artificial defect II of incomplete penetration at the root, unfusion of the side wall of the flat plate, and buried strip slag, which meets the requirements of phased array ultrasonic detection process verification.
[0008] To solve the above technical problems, the utility model is implemented as follows:
[0009] A simulation test block for phased array ultrasonic testing of fillet welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings of pressure vessels comprises: a flat plate, a small nozzle and a reinforcement ring, the three being welded together by a double-sided full penetration structure; the connecting fillet welds between the reinforcement ring and the small nozzle, and the connecting fillet welds between the flat plate and the reinforcement ring are both single-sided V-shaped grooves; ten weld defects are arranged inside and outside the fillet welds at the two locations; among them, the connecting fillet weld between the reinforcement ring and the small nozzle is provided with 6 artificial defects, and the connecting fillet weld between the flat plate and the reinforcement ring is provided with 4 defects.
[0010] The aforementioned simulation test block for phased array ultrasonic testing of fillet welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings of pressure vessels has 6 artificial defects in the connecting fillet welds between the reinforcement ring and the small nozzle, which are: an artificial defect of side cracks on the inner surface pipe wall, an artificial defect of outer cracks on the outer surface weld, an artificial defect of unfused plate at 1 / 2 plate thickness, an artificial defect of unfused plate at 1 / 2 plate thickness of the reinforcement ring, an artificial defect of unpenetrated root I, and an artificial defect of slag strips at 1 / 2T plate thickness of the plate; the defects are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, and the 6 defect positions are 50°~60° apart in the circumferential direction of the weld, and the interval between adjacent defects is at least 10~50mm.
[0011] The aforementioned simulation test block for phased array ultrasonic testing of fillet welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings of pressure vessels has four defects in the connecting fillet welds between the flat plate and the reinforcement ring, namely: root crack artificial defect, root incomplete penetration artificial defect II, plate side wall unfused artificial defect, and buried slag artificial defect; the defects are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, the four defect positions are 70°~80° apart in the circumferential direction of the weld, and the interval between adjacent defects is at least 10~50mm.
[0012] The aforementioned simulation test block for phased array ultrasonic testing of corner welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings in pressure vessels, the flat plate is made of carbon steel or low alloy steel; the inner diameter of the small nozzle is less than 200 mm, the wall thickness of the nozzle is less than 6 mm, and the material is carbon steel or low alloy steel.
[0013] The aforementioned simulation test block for phased array ultrasonic testing of fillet welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings of pressure vessels is characterized in that the groove forms of the flat plate and the reinforcement ring are set in accordance with GB / T 150, both are single-sided V-shaped grooves, and the weld adopts a full penetration structure. The reinforcement ring and the flat plate are connected by fillet welding.
[0014] The aforementioned simulation test block for phased array ultrasonic testing of fillet welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings of pressure vessels is characterized in that the six artificial defects at the fillet welds connecting the reinforcement ring and the small nozzle are: the defect length of the artificial defect of the inner surface pipe wall side crack is 9mm, and the defect itself is 3mm high; the defect length of the artificial defect of the outer surface weld side crack is 15mm, and the defect itself is 3mm high; the defect length of the artificial defect of unfusion at the 1 / 2T plate thickness of the flat plate is 10mm, and the defect itself is 3mm high; the defect length of the artificial defect of unfusion at the 1 / 2T plate thickness of the reinforcement ring is 12mm, and the defect itself is 3mm high; the length of the artificial defect I of unwelded root is 10mm, and the defect itself is 3mm high; the defect length of the artificial defect of slag strip at the 1 / 2T plate thickness of the flat plate is 10mm, and the defect itself is 2mm high.
[0015] The aforementioned simulation test block for phased array ultrasonic testing of fillet welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings of pressure vessels, the four defects of the fillet welds connecting the flat plate and the reinforcement ring are: the defect length of the root crack artificial defect is 10mm, and the defect height is 3mm; the defect length of the root incomplete penetration artificial defect II is 18mm, and the defect height is 3mm; the defect length of the plate side wall unfusion artificial defect is 15mm, the defect height is 3mm, and the defect depth is 10mm; the defect length of the buried slag artificial defect is 12mm, the defect height is 2mm, and the defect depth is 5mm. Beneficial Effects
[0016] The utility model discloses a simulation test block for phased array ultrasonic testing of corner welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings of pressure vessels, which is used for calibration of the detector and adjustment of detection sensitivity before phased array ultrasonic testing. In specific operation, the phased array ultrasonic detector and the detection probe are used to detect known artificial defects, and the detection results are compared with the known artificial defect results in the simulation test block. The phased array detection is calibrated and the detection sensitivity is adjusted according to the differences in the defect geometric size, distribution position, and defect nature.
[0017] The utility model sets 2 welds with a total of 10 artificial defects on a simulation test block, and can be used for the detection process and verification of 6 defects of the fillet weld between the flat reinforcement ring and the small pipe in the structure with reinforcement ring (side cracks on the inner surface pipe wall, outer side cracks on the outer surface weld, lack of fusion at 1 / 2 plate thickness of the flat plate, lack of fusion at 1 / 2 plate thickness of the reinforcement ring, artificial defect I of incomplete penetration at the root, and slag at 1 / 2T plate thickness of the flat plate) and 4 defects of the fillet weld between the flat plate and the reinforcement ring (root cracks, artificial defect II of incomplete penetration at the root, lack of fusion of the side wall of the flat plate, and buried slag). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a simulation test block of the utility model;
[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the .
[0020] Among them, 1- flat plate, 2- small pipe, 3- reinforcement ring, 4- fillet weld between reinforcement ring and small pipe, 5- fillet weld between flat plate and reinforcement ring, 6- artificial defect of inner surface pipe wall side crack, 7- artificial defect of outer surface weld outer crack, 8- artificial defect of lack of fusion at 1 / 2 plate thickness of flat plate, 9- artificial defect of lack of fusion at 1 / 2 plate thickness of reinforcement ring, 10- artificial defect of lack of penetration at the root I, 11- artificial defect of slag at 1 / 2T plate thickness of flat plate, 12- artificial defect of root crack, 13- artificial defect of lack of penetration at the root II, 14- artificial defect of lack of fusion of side wall of flat plate, 15- artificial defect of buried slag. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only embodiments of a part of the present invention, not all embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. After the following description, the description of known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0022] The accompanying drawings show schematic diagrams of structures according to the disclosed embodiments of the present invention. These figures are not drawn to scale, and some details are magnified and some details may be omitted for the purpose of clear expression. The shapes of various regions and layers shown in the figures and the relative sizes and positional relationships therebetween are only exemplary, and may deviate in practice due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and those skilled in the art may additionally design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions according to actual needs. Example
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a simulation test block of the utility model. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Refer to the top view of Figure 1 , 2As shown, the welding structure of the small pipe and the pressure vessel is an insertion type. The groove form of the flat plate and the reinforcement ring is set in accordance with GB / T 150, both of which are single-sided V-shaped grooves, and the weld adopts a full penetration structure. The materials of the flat plate 1, the small pipe 2, and the reinforcement ring 3 are carbon steel or low alloy steel; the inner diameter of the pipe 2 is less than 200mm, and the wall thickness is less than 6mm. The flat plate is a flat plate with a reinforcement ring, and the corner weld connecting the pipe 2, the flat plate 1, the reinforcement ring and the small pipe 3 is provided with 6 artificial defects-the defect length of the artificial defect 6 of the side crack of the inner surface pipe wall is 9mm, and the defect height is 3mm. The defect length of the artificial defect 7 of the outer crack of the outer surface weld is 15mm, and the defect height is 3mm. The defect length of the artificial defect 8 of the unfused plate at the 1 / 2T plate thickness is 10mm, and the defect height is 3mm. The defect length of the artificial defect 9 of the unfused plate at the 1 / 2T plate thickness of the reinforcement ring is 12mm, and the defect height is 3mm. The defect length of artificial defect Ⅰ10 due to incomplete penetration at the root is 10mm, and the defect height is 3mm. The defect length of artificial defect 11 due to slag strip at 1 / 2T thickness of flat plate is 10mm, and the defect height is 2mm.
[0024] There are 4 defects in the fillet weld 5 connecting the plate 1 and the reinforcing ring 3: the root crack artificial defect 12 has a defect length of 10mm and a defect height of 3mm. The root incomplete penetration artificial defect II 13 has a defect length of 18mm and a defect height of 3mm. The plate side wall unfused artificial defect 14 has a defect length of 15mm, a defect height of 3mm and a defect depth of 10mm. The buried slag artificial defect 15 has a defect length of 12mm, a defect height of 2mm and a defect depth of 5mm.
[0025] The specific operation process of the utility model is described below:
[0026] The timing and technical level of inspection of fillet welds between pressure vessels and nozzles shall be determined based on the design and manufacture of pressure vessels and relevant regulations and standards and other technical documents.
[0027] According to the non-destructive testing standard NB / T 47013.15-2021 "Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing", the test block, test surface, scanning method, scanning settings and probe position, probe, wedge block, activation aperture, and scanning angle are determined according to the testing technology level and workpiece thickness.
[0028] Grind the surface of the plate and the surface of the grinding wedge to ensure that the probe is in close contact with the detection surface. When grinding, the geometric dimensions of the wedge should be remeasured, and the impact on the sound beam should be considered.
[0029] Use TCG (including ACG) for sensitivity setting.
[0030] Determine the width and height of the test area, ensure that the test surface is flat to facilitate the movement of the probe, and the surface roughness Ra≤12.5um. If there are undercuts, large ridges and depressions on the weld surface, they should be properly ground and made into a smooth transition to avoid affecting the evaluation of the test results. Make good test marks and reference lines.
[0031] Place the phased array ultrasonic detection probe on the surface of the plate 1, adjust the distance between the probe and the fillet weld, and ensure that the detection sound beam covers the fillet weld completely. Use a combination of longitudinal vertical scanning and electronic scanning for scanning. The electronic scanning uses sector scanning, and the display mode can be selected from sound path display imaging or geometric structure display imaging. Complete the detection of defects.
[0032] Compare the phased array ultrasonic testing results with the design drawing data of the simulated test block, calibrate the phased array ultrasonic testing equipment, and adjust the detection sensitivity to ensure the effective detection of defects in the two fillet welds and verify the detection process.
[0033] Although the above description is made of the specific implementation of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it does not limit the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative work on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A simulation test block for phased array ultrasonic testing of fillet welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings of pressure vessels, characterized in that: include: The flat plate (1), the small pipe (2) and the reinforcing ring (3) are connected by welding through a double-sided full penetration structure; The connecting fillet weld (4) between the reinforcing ring (3) and the small connecting pipe (2), and the connecting fillet weld (5) between the flat plate (1) and the reinforcing ring (3) are both single-sided V-shaped grooves; ten weld defects are provided inside and outside the two fillet welds; among them, the connecting fillet weld (4) between the reinforcing ring (3) and the small connecting pipe (2) is provided with six artificial defects, and the connecting fillet weld (5) between the flat plate (1) and the reinforcing ring (3) is provided with four defects.
2. A simulation test block for phased array ultrasonic testing of fillet welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings of pressure vessels according to claim 1, characterized in that: The six artificial defects provided in the connecting fillet weld (4) between the reinforcing ring (3) and the small connecting pipe (2) are: an artificial defect of a side crack of the inner surface pipe wall (6), an artificial defect of an outer crack of the outer surface weld (7), an artificial defect of a lack of fusion at 1 / 2 plate thickness of the plate (8), an artificial defect of a lack of fusion at 1 / 2 plate thickness of the reinforcing ring (9), an artificial defect of a lack of penetration at the root (I) (10), and an artificial defect of a slag strip at 1 / 2T plate thickness of the plate (11); the defects are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, the positions of the six defects are spaced 50° to 60° apart in the circumferential direction of the weld, and the interval between adjacent defects is at least 10 to 50 mm.
3. The simulation test block for phased array ultrasonic testing of fillet welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings of pressure vessels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The four defects of the connecting fillet weld (5) between the plate (1) and the reinforcing ring (3) are: a root crack artificial defect (12), a root incomplete penetration artificial defect II (13), a plate side wall incomplete fusion artificial defect (14), and a buried slag artificial defect (15); the defects are evenly arranged along the circumferential direction, the four defect positions are spaced 70° to 80° apart in the circumferential direction of the weld, and the interval between adjacent defects is at least 10 to 50 mm.
4. The simulation test block for phased array ultrasonic testing of fillet welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings of pressure vessels according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The material of the flat plate (1) is carbon steel or low alloy steel; the inner diameter of the small pipe (2) is less than 200 mm, the wall thickness of the pipe is less than 6 mm, and the material is carbon steel or low alloy steel.
5. A simulation test block for phased array ultrasonic testing of fillet welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings of pressure vessels according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The groove forms of the flat plate and the reinforcement ring are both single-sided V-shaped grooves, and the weld adopts a full penetration structure; the reinforcement ring and the flat plate are connected by fillet welding.
6. The simulation test block for phased array ultrasonic testing of fillet welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings of pressure vessels according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The six artificial defects at the fillet weld (4) connecting the reinforcing ring (3) and the small connecting pipe (2) are as follows: the defect length of the artificial defect (6) of the inner surface pipe wall side crack is 9 mm, and the defect height is 3 mm; the defect length of the artificial defect (7) of the outer surface weld seam outer crack is 15 mm, and the defect height is 3 mm; the defect length of the artificial defect (8) of the unfused part at the plate thickness of 1 / 2T is 10 mm, and the defect height is 3 mm; the defect length of the artificial defect (9) of the unfused part at the plate thickness of 1 / 2T is 12 mm, and the defect height is 3 mm; the artificial defect length of the artificial defect I (10) of the root incomplete penetration is 10 mm, and the defect height is 3 mm; the defect length of the artificial defect (11) of the slag strip at the plate thickness of 1 / 2T is 10 mm, and the defect height is 2 mm.
7. The simulation test block for phased array ultrasonic testing of fillet welds of small nozzles with reinforcement rings of pressure vessels according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The four defects provided in the fillet weld (5) connecting the plate (1) and the reinforcing ring (3) are: the root crack artificial defect (12) has a defect length of 10 mm and a defect height of 3 mm; the root incomplete penetration artificial defect II (13) has a defect length of 18 mm and a defect height of 3 mm; the plate side wall incomplete fusion artificial defect (14) has a defect length of 15 mm, a defect height of 3 mm and a defect depth of 10 mm; the buried slag artificial defect (15) has a defect length of 12 mm, a defect height of 2 mm and a defect depth of 5 mm.