Novel photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic modules, and discloses a novel photovoltaic module, which comprises a photovoltaic transparent front plate, a first packaging adhesive film, a photovoltaic cell layer, a second packaging adhesive film and a photovoltaic back plate which are sequentially laminated from top to bottom, the first packaging adhesive film and the second packaging adhesive film are ultraviolet cut-off type water-blocking adhesive films; a water-blocking composite layer and a transparent water-blocking adhesive film are arranged between the second packaging adhesive film and the photovoltaic backboard; the waterproof composite layer comprises a waterproof base layer, and a first hot melt adhesive layer and a second hot melt adhesive layer which are respectively arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the waterproof base layer; the transparent water-blocking adhesive film is arranged between the second hot melt adhesive layer and the photovoltaic backboard. According to the novel photovoltaic module, the ultraviolet resistance, water resistance, interlayer bonding and weather resistance can be greatly improved, the phenomena of aging and layering of the module due to ultraviolet illumination, water vapor and rainwater in long-term outdoor use can be effectively avoided, and the stability, reliability, service life and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the whole photovoltaic module in the long-term outdoor use process can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic components, in particular to a novel photovoltaic component. Background Art

[0002] As an almost unlimited, clean and pollution-free energy source, solar energy occupies an important position in renewable energy. Therefore, photovoltaic technology, as an effective means of converting solar energy into electrical energy, has been rapidly developed and widely used around the world.

[0003] However, despite the many advantages of photovoltaic technology, it still faces some technical and environmental challenges in practical applications. First, photovoltaic modules are usually installed outdoors and exposed to complex outdoor climate environments such as high temperature, rain, and wind and sand for a long time. The solar cells in photovoltaic modules, especially the new Topcon cells and heterojunction solar cells, are more sensitive to water vapor, Na+, and ultraviolet rays than other types of solar cells; therefore, in the application process of specific photovoltaic modules, these climatic and environmental factors will have a very adverse effect on the performance and life of photovoltaic modules. Secondly, traditional photovoltaic modules are often heavy, the installation process is complicated, and a lot of manpower and material resources are required, which not only increases the cost, but also limits the popularity and application of photovoltaic products.

[0004] Therefore, in order to improve the service life and water vapor barrier performance of photovoltaic modules, the prior art, such as publication number CN115519869A, discloses a photovoltaic backsheet and photovoltaic module; the photovoltaic module includes a front panel layer, a front panel adhesive film layer, a battery cell, a back panel adhesive film layer and a photovoltaic backsheet stacked in sequence; the photovoltaic backsheet includes an inner functional layer, a support layer and an outer functional layer in sequence from the inside to the outside; the support layer is made of reinforcing fiber and a thermosetting polyurethane powder coating (or made of reinforcing fiber and a first thermoplastic material), and the inner functional layer and the outer functional layer can be made of a second thermoplastic material such as polycarbonate. The existing photovoltaic backsheet has good water vapor barrier performance and can be widely used in lightweight and flexible photovoltaic modules.

[0005] However, this photovoltaic module in the prior art has only improved and optimized the photovoltaic backplane, and the encapsulation film such as EVA commonly used for the front panel film layer and the back panel film layer has poor UV resistance and water barrier properties, and is prone to yellowing, aging and stratification in long-term outdoor environments such as high temperature, light and rain. Moreover, when the existing photovoltaic backplane (the photovoltaic backplane achieves its structural stability through melt co-extrusion of each layer) is applied to the photovoltaic module, especially when the photovoltaic module lacks other structures with UV resistance and water barrier properties, it is difficult to ensure that the layers in the photovoltaic backplane can maintain excellent interlayer bonding properties for a long time. During long-term outdoor use, under the influence of high temperature, ultraviolet light and rain, the photovoltaic backplane is still prone to aging and interlayer stratification, which in turn affects the stability, reliability, service life and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic backplane and the photovoltaic module during long-term outdoor use. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a new photovoltaic component.

[0007] Based on this, the utility model discloses a novel photovoltaic module, including a photovoltaic transparent front plate, a first encapsulation film, a photovoltaic cell layer, a second encapsulation film and a photovoltaic back plate which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom; the first encapsulation film and the second encapsulation film are UV cut-off water-blocking films;

[0008] A water-blocking composite layer and a transparent water-blocking film are also provided between the second packaging film and the photovoltaic back panel; the water-blocking composite layer includes a waterproof base layer, a first hot-melt adhesive layer provided on the upper surface of the waterproof base layer, and a second hot-melt adhesive layer provided on the lower surface of the waterproof base layer; the transparent water-blocking film is provided between the second hot-melt adhesive layer and the photovoltaic back panel.

[0009] Preferably, the first packaging film is a UV cut-off PVB (polyvinyl butyral) film or a UV cut-off POE (polyolefin elastomer) film.

[0010] Preferably, the second encapsulation film is a UV cut-off PVB film or a UV cut-off POE film.

[0011] Further preferably, the thickness of the first packaging film and the second packaging film is 300-450 μm, and the light transmittance is greater than 90%.

[0012] Preferably, the waterproof base layer is a polycarbonate film with a thickness of 50-100 μm;

[0013] The first hot melt adhesive layer and the second hot melt adhesive layer are respectively coated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the waterproof base layer.

[0014] Further preferably, the first hot melt adhesive layer and the second hot melt adhesive layer are thermosetting polyurethane hot melt adhesives, and the coating thickness of the first hot melt adhesive layer and the second hot melt adhesive layer is 10-50 g / m 2 .

[0015] More preferably, the first hot melt adhesive layer and the second hot melt adhesive layer are thermosetting reactive polyurethane hot melt adhesives, and the coating thickness of the first hot melt adhesive layer and the second hot melt adhesive layer is 30 g / m 2 .

[0016] Preferably, the transparent water-blocking film is a transparent PVB film or a transparent POE film, and its thickness is 50-100 μm.

[0017] Preferably, the photovoltaic backsheet is a white back film, preferably a white weather-resistant back film, and the thickness thereof is 250-350 μm.

[0018] Preferably, the photovoltaic module is a flexible photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic transparent front plate and the photovoltaic back plate are both made of flexible materials.

[0019] Preferably, the photovoltaic cell layer comprises a plurality of cut cells that are welded into strings and distributed in parallel.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The new photovoltaic module of the utility model, its first encapsulation film and the second encapsulation film are both UV cut-off water-blocking films, and a water-blocking composite layer and a transparent water-blocking film are arranged between the second encapsulation film and the photovoltaic back plate, so as to effectively avoid the aging and delamination of each layer in the new photovoltaic module due to ultraviolet light, water vapor and rain during long-term outdoor use; and the first hot melt adhesive layer and the second hot melt adhesive layer are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the waterproof base layer, respectively, which can not only improve the waterproof performance, but also greatly improve the interlayer bonding performance between the waterproof base layer and the second encapsulation film, and between the waterproof base layer and the transparent water-blocking film, further improve the water-blocking performance, interlayer bonding strength and weather resistance of the photovoltaic module for long-term outdoor use, and thus help to further improve the stability, reliability, service life and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the entire photovoltaic module during long-term outdoor use. The new photovoltaic module is particularly suitable for use in the field of flexible photovoltaics that are light, bendable and easy to install. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a novel photovoltaic module of this embodiment.

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a water-blocking composite layer in a novel photovoltaic module of this embodiment.

[0024] Description of the accompanying drawings: photovoltaic transparent front plate 1; first packaging film 2; photovoltaic cell layer 3; second packaging film 4; water-blocking composite layer 5; waterproof base layer 51; first hot-melt adhesive layer 52; second hot-melt adhesive layer 53; transparent water-blocking adhesive film 6; photovoltaic back plate 7. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0026] Example

[0027] A novel photovoltaic module of this embodiment, see Figure 1-2 , including a photovoltaic transparent front plate 1, a first encapsulation film 2, a photovoltaic cell layer 3, a second encapsulation film 4, a water-blocking composite layer 5, a transparent water-blocking film 6 and a photovoltaic back plate 7 which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom. In practice, the upper surface of the photovoltaic transparent front plate 1 is the light-receiving surface, and the lower surface of the photovoltaic back plate 7 is the backlight surface.

[0028] The photovoltaic cell layer 3 is formed by welding a plurality of cut cells into strings and distributing them in parallel, so as to optimize the current output and the overall power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0029] Among them, the first encapsulation film 2 and the second encapsulation film 4 are UV cut-off water-blocking films. Specifically, the thickness of the first encapsulation film 2 is 300-450μm (such as 300μm, 350μm, 400μm or 450μm), and the transmittance is greater than 90%; the first encapsulation film 2 is a UV cut-off PVB film or a UV cut-off POE film. The thickness of the second encapsulation film 4 is 300-450μm (such as 300μm, 350μm, 400μm or 450μm), and the transmittance is greater than 90%; the second encapsulation film 4 is a UV cut-off PVB film or a UV cut-off POE film.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first encapsulation film 2 and the second encapsulation film 4 are both made of the above-mentioned UV cut-off water-blocking film; thus, by improving the UV resistance and waterproof performance of the first encapsulation film 2, UV light, water vapor and rainwater are prevented from entering the photovoltaic cell layer 3 from the top of the photovoltaic module; and by improving the UV resistance and waterproof performance of the second encapsulation film 4, UV light, water vapor and rainwater are prevented from entering the photovoltaic cell layer 3 from the bottom of the photovoltaic module. In this way, the adverse effects of UV light, water vapor and rainwater on the photovoltaic cell layer 3 can be effectively prevented, and the first encapsulation film 2, the photovoltaic cell layer 3 and the second encapsulation film 4 can be effectively prevented from aging and stratification due to UV light, water vapor and rainwater during long-term outdoor use, thereby helping to improve the stability (such as stable interlayer structure and stable performance), reliability, service life and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the entire photovoltaic module during long-term outdoor use.

[0031] Among them, see Figure 2 The water-blocking composite layer 5 includes a waterproof base layer 51, a first hot-melt adhesive layer 52 disposed on the upper surface of the waterproof base layer 51, and a second hot-melt adhesive layer 53 disposed on the lower surface of the waterproof base layer 51. Specifically, the waterproof base layer 51 is a polycarbonate film with a thickness of 50-100 μm (such as 50 μm, 80 μm or 100 μm); the first hot-melt adhesive layer 52 and the second hot-melt adhesive layer 53 are coated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the waterproof base layer 51, respectively. The first hot-melt adhesive layer 52 and the second hot-melt adhesive layer 53 are thermosetting polyurethane hot-melt adhesives, and the coating thickness of the first hot-melt adhesive layer 52 and the second hot-melt adhesive layer 53 is 10-50 g / m 2 During the heating and lamination process of photovoltaic modules, the thermosetting polyurethane hot melt adhesive has low thermal fluidity due to curing and cross-linking, which can reduce the overflow of glue caused by the lamination process and improve the product yield of photovoltaic module lamination.

[0032] The transparent water-blocking film 6 is disposed between the second hot-melt adhesive layer 53 and the photovoltaic back sheet 7. Specifically, the transparent water-blocking film 6 is a transparent PVB film or a transparent POE film, and its thickness is 50-100 μm (such as 50 μm, 80 μm or 100 μm). On the basis of the above-mentioned first water-blocking packaging film 2 and the second packaging film 4, and the water-blocking composite layer 5, the transparent water-blocking film 6 is further provided, which can further improve the waterproof performance of the novel photovoltaic module of this embodiment.

[0033] In the water-blocking composite layer 5 of the present embodiment, the waterproof base layer 51 (such as a polycarbonate film) can further improve the waterproof performance of the photovoltaic module; and the first hot melt adhesive layer 52 (such as a thermosetting polyurethane hot melt adhesive) is compounded on the upper surface of the waterproof base layer 51. The polyurethane hot melt adhesive contains many polar groups, which can increase the bonding performance of the first hot melt adhesive layer 52 and the second packaging film 4 (such as a UV cut-off PVB film or a UV cut-off POE film), thereby ensuring that the waterproof base layer 51 such as a polycarbonate film can be well bonded to the second packaging film 4 (such as a UV cut-off PVB film or a UV cut-off POE film). external cut-off POE adhesive film); similarly, a second hot-melt adhesive layer 53 (such as thermosetting polyurethane hot-melt adhesive) is compounded on the lower surface of the waterproof base layer 51, thereby ensuring that the waterproof base layer 51 such as a polycarbonate film can be well bonded with the transparent water-blocking adhesive film 6 (such as a transparent PVB adhesive film or a transparent POE adhesive film) through the second hot-melt adhesive layer 53, so as to further improve the water-blocking performance, interlayer bonding strength and weather resistance in the photovoltaic module, thereby helping to further improve the stability, reliability, service life and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the entire photovoltaic module during long-term outdoor use.

[0034] Preferably, the first hot melt adhesive layer 52 and the second hot melt adhesive layer 53 are thermosetting reactive polyurethane hot melt adhesives, and the coating thickness of the first hot melt adhesive layer 52 and the second hot melt adhesive layer 53 is 30 g / m 2 Thermosetting reactive polyurethane hot melt adhesive can further enhance the interlayer bonding strength, which helps to further enhance the stability, reliability, service life and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the entire photovoltaic module during long-term outdoor use.

[0035] The photovoltaic backsheet 7 is a white backing film to enhance the reflection and capture of light, improve the light absorption rate and light utilization rate of the photovoltaic cell layer 3, and further improve the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module. The thickness of the photovoltaic backsheet 7 is preferably 250-350 μm (such as 250 μm, 300 μm or 350 μm).

[0036] The novel photovoltaic module of the present embodiment is a flexible photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic transparent front plate 1 and the photovoltaic back plate 7 are both made of flexible materials. For example, a back plate film can be used instead of tempered glass as the photovoltaic back plate 7, and a transparent front plate film can be used instead of tempered glass as the photovoltaic transparent front plate 1, so as to solve the problems of heavy, inefficient and high cost of carrying tempered glass, and solve the problem of cutting tempered glass, especially the difficulty of cutting tempered glass into non-standard module sizes with arcs. The flexible photovoltaic module of the present embodiment can produce flexible modules with bending functions, so that the photovoltaic module becomes lighter and softer, and can be cut and designed in size according to application requirements, can withstand a certain degree of bending, meet certain special designs or special requirements of application occasions, such as RVs, curved roofs, etc., for photovoltaic module design, power generation system design Provide more space and options. Through the lamination process and curing process, the close combination and long-term stability and reliability between the layers of the novel photovoltaic module of the present embodiment are ensured. The photovoltaic module can withstand bending to a certain extent without losing the photoelectric conversion efficiency, thanks to its unique flexible structure and the characteristics of the water-blocking layer material.

[0037] In summary, this embodiment aims to improve the performance stability and structural stability of the new photovoltaic module under long-term outdoor lighting and humid environment, so as to ensure the close combination, long-term stability and reliability between the layers of the photovoltaic module, reduce the weight and installation difficulty of the photovoltaic module, and improve the flexibility of the photovoltaic module. In this way, the new photovoltaic module can not only maintain high photoelectric conversion efficiency under various outdoor climate conditions for a long time, but also reduce the weight of the photovoltaic module, simplify the installation process, reduce maintenance costs, and can adapt to the needs of different sizes and shapes, including curved and irregular surfaces, which greatly expands the application range of photovoltaic modules, thereby promoting the widespread application and development of solar power generation technology.

[0038] Although the preferred embodiments of the utility model embodiments have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the utility model embodiments.

[0039] The technical solution provided by the utility model is introduced in detail above. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principle and implementation mode of the utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the utility model. At the same time, for general technicians in this field, according to the idea of ​​the utility model, there will be changes in the specific implementation mode and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the utility model.

Claims

1. A novel photovoltaic module, comprising a photovoltaic transparent front plate, a first encapsulation film, a photovoltaic cell layer, a second encapsulation film and a photovoltaic back plate stacked in sequence from top to bottom; characterized in that: The first encapsulation film and the second encapsulation film are UV cut-off water-blocking films; A water-blocking composite layer and a transparent water-blocking film are also provided between the second packaging film and the photovoltaic back panel; the water-blocking composite layer includes a waterproof base layer, a first hot-melt adhesive layer provided on the upper surface of the waterproof base layer, and a second hot-melt adhesive layer provided on the lower surface of the waterproof base layer; the transparent water-blocking film is provided between the second hot-melt adhesive layer and the photovoltaic back panel.

2. A novel photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first packaging film is a UV cut-off PVB film or a UV cut-off POE film.

3. A novel photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second encapsulation film is a UV cut-off PVB film or a UV cut-off POE film.

4. A novel photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the first packaging film and the second packaging film is 300-450 μm, and the light transmittance is greater than 90%.

5. A novel photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof base layer is a polycarbonate film with a thickness of 50-100 μm; The first hot melt adhesive layer and the second hot melt adhesive layer are respectively coated on the upper surface and the lower surface of the waterproof base layer.

6. A novel photovoltaic module according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The first hot melt adhesive layer and the second hot melt adhesive layer are thermosetting polyurethane hot melt adhesives, and the coating thickness of the first hot melt adhesive layer and the second hot melt adhesive layer is 10-50g / m 2 .

7. A novel photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first hot melt adhesive layer and the second hot melt adhesive layer are thermosetting reactive polyurethane hot melt adhesives, and the coating thickness of the first hot melt adhesive layer and the second hot melt adhesive layer is 30 g / m 2 .

8. A novel photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent water-blocking film is a transparent PVB film or a transparent POE film, and its thickness is 50-100 μm.

9. A novel photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic back sheet is a white back film with a thickness of 250-350 μm.

10. A novel photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module is a flexible photovoltaic module, and both the photovoltaic transparent front plate and the photovoltaic back plate are made of flexible materials.

Images