Environment monitoring system based on NB-IOT technology

Abstract

The utility model discloses an environment monitoring system based on NB-IOT technology, comprising a plurality of detection devices, and the detection devices deploy a plurality of different monitoring points in the environment monitoring system; each detection device comprises a single-chip microcomputer module, and a plurality of environment sensors, a networking module, a power supply module and a solar energy storage system which are connected with the single-chip microcomputer module, the detection devices are connected with the server cloud through the networking modules, and the single-chip microcomputer module is used for collecting environment sensor data and alarm information. The data is packaged and sent to the networking module; the networking module adopts NB-IOT communication and is used for packaging data and uploading the data to a server cloud; the server cloud is used for unpacking the received data and importing the unpacked data into the object model for storage; and the user application software obtains real-time data of the environment sensor by accessing the server cloud and receives alarm information.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of detection technology, and in particular to an environment monitoring system based on NB-IOT technology. Background Art

[0002] NB-IOT (Narrowband Internet of Things) is a low-power, narrow-bandwidth wireless communication technology specifically designed to connect IoT devices. It is a communication standard developed by the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) standards organization to provide long-distance communication solutions for low-power, low-data-rate IoT devices.

[0003] At present, field environmental monitoring mostly uses fixed measuring equipment, which is usually large. There are disadvantages such as difficulty in moving, weak mobility, and high deployment cost. The use of portable equipment can greatly improve the mobility of the equipment while ensuring that the data error meets the national standard. It can even be deployed by drone to areas that cannot be reached by personnel for real-time environmental monitoring and data feedback.

[0004] Generally speaking, similar environmental monitoring equipment is currently mostly deployed in the wild, usually in areas that cannot be reached by personnel, which poses a great challenge to the stability and battery life of the equipment. Similar environmental monitoring equipment uses Zigbee network, Lora network or 4G network for communication. Zigbee and Lora communication methods require multiple devices to be networked for communication. If a node fails, the entire device data may not be exchanged. 4G-cat1 network solutions are also commonly used in monitoring equipment, but compared to NB-IOT networks, their power consumption is higher and has a greater impact on the battery life of the equipment. Therefore, building a stable intelligent monitoring system and improving monitoring and management efficiency are of great practical significance to the field of environmental monitoring. Utility Model Content

[0005] Technical purpose: In view of the defects in the prior art, the utility model discloses an environmental monitoring system based on NB-IOT technology.

[0006] Technical solution: In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the utility model adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] An environmental monitoring system based on NB-IOT technology, the environmental monitoring system includes several detection devices, a client and a cloud server, the client loaded with user application software is connected to the cloud server; the detection devices are deployed at multiple different monitoring points in the environmental monitoring system; each detection device includes: a single-chip microcomputer module and several environmental sensors connected to the single-chip microcomputer module, a networking module, a power management module and a solar energy storage system, the detection device is connected to the cloud server through the networking module, and the power management module supplies power to other modules;

[0008] Environmental sensors include temperature and humidity sensors and air quality sensors; the single-chip microcomputer module is an embedded processor used to collect environmental sensor data, as well as air pollution or harmful gas concentration over-limit alarm information, and package the data and send it to the networking module; the networking module uses NB-IOT communication, and the networking module is also called the NB-IOT communication module, which is used to package and upload data to the cloud server, and the cloud server unpacks the received data and imports it into the object model for storage;

[0009] The power management module is connected to the solar energy storage system and is used to connect the electric energy of the solar energy storage system to other modules in the detection equipment for power supply. The solar energy storage system includes solar panels, lithium batteries, and solar power conversion modules. The solar power conversion modules are connected to the solar panels to monitor the power generation status of the solar panels; the solar power conversion modules are connected to the lithium batteries to convert the electric energy generated by the solar panels into the lithium batteries for storage, and at the same time monitor the health status of the lithium batteries.

[0010] Preferably, the solar power conversion module monitoring chip U21, the model of the monitoring chip U21 is LT3652IMSE; after the capacitor C41 and the potentiometer RP1 are connected in series, one end is connected to the pin 1 of the monitoring chip U21, that is, connected to VIN, and the other end is grounded, the middle pin of the potentiometer RP1 is connected to the pin 2 of the monitoring chip U21, the cathode of the diode D41 is connected to VCC, the anode of the diode D41 is connected to the pin 2 of the terminal P1, and the pin 1 of the terminal P1 is connected to the pin 6 of the monitoring chip U21 through the capacitor C42; the pin 7 of the monitoring chip U21 is grounded through the resistor R44 and the resistor R45, the pin 7 of the monitoring chip U21 is connected to the pin 9 of the monitoring chip U21 through the resistor R44 and the resistor R43, and the monitoring chip Pin 10 of chip U21 is connected to pin 11 of monitoring chip U21 through capacitor C46, ​​and pin 11 of monitoring chip U21 is connected to pin 12 of monitoring chip U21 through capacitor C46 and inductor L41. After resistor R41 and resistor R42 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to pin 10 of monitoring chip U21, and the other end is connected to pin 11 of monitoring chip U21; the cathode of diode D42 is connected to pin 11 of monitoring chip U21, the anode of diode D42 is connected to the anode of capacitor C43, capacitor C44 and capacitor C45 in parallel, the cathode of capacitor C43, capacitor C44 and capacitor C45 in parallel is connected to pin 13 of monitoring chip U21, and pin 9 of monitoring chip U21 is connected to lithium battery for outputting voltage to charge the lithium battery.

[0011] Preferably, the temperature and humidity sensor adopts the SHT30 sensor, and the air quality sensor adopts the GP2Y10 sensor. The SHT30 sensor is used to collect the temperature and humidity data of the current environment. The data communicates with the single-chip microcomputer module through the IIC protocol, and the temperature and humidity data are sent to the single-chip microcomputer module. The GP2Y10 sensor is used to collect the current content of harmful substances in the air; the GP2Y10 sensor converts the content of harmful substances in the air into a voltage signal, which is connected to the AD port inside the single-chip microcomputer module, and the voltage signal is converted into a digital signal through the AD inside the single-chip microcomputer.

[0012] Preferably, the single-chip microcomputer module includes a control chip U2, and the model of the control chip U2 is STM32F103C8T6; after capacitors C4, C5, C10, and C11 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to a 3.3V power supply, and the other end is grounded;

[0013] The crystal oscillator Y3 is connected to the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C12 to form a series closed loop, and the two ends of the crystal oscillator Y3 are respectively connected to the pin 3 and the pin 4 of the control chip U2; the crystal oscillator Y2 is connected to the capacitor C13 and the capacitor C14 to form a series closed loop, and the crystal oscillator Y2 is connected to the resistor R6 to form a series closed loop, and the two ends of the crystal oscillator Y2 are respectively connected to the pin 5 and the pin 6 of the control chip U2; the pin 36 of the control chip U2 is connected to the 3.3V power supply.

[0014] Preferably, the networking module is a NB-IOT networking module developed using the EC616 chip, comprising:

[0015] Pin 5, pin 6, pin 7, pin 8, and pin 9 of the USB1 terminal are connected to the ground, pin 1, pin 2, and pin 3 of the USB1 terminal are connected to pin 14, pin 15, and pin 16 of the EC616 chip respectively, pin 1 of the electrostatic protection diode D2 is grounded, pin 2 of the electrostatic protection diode D2 is connected to pin 3 of the USB1 terminal, pin 3 of the electrostatic protection diode D2 is connected to pin 2 of the USB1 terminal, and pin 4 of the electrostatic protection diode D2 is connected to pin 1 of the USB1 terminal;

[0016] The positive electrode of the light-emitting diode LED3 is connected to one end of the current-limiting resistor R11, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor R11 is connected to pins 59 and 60 of the EC616 chip, namely, the VBAT pin, which is used to provide power to the light-emitting diode LED3. The negative electrode of the light-emitting diode LED3 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q1, and the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to pin 57 of the EC616 chip, which is used to indicate the network status of the current detection device, and the emitter of the transistor Q1 is grounded; the positive electrode of the light-emitting diode LED4 is connected to one end of the current-limiting resistor R12, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor R12 is connected to the VBAT pin of the EC616 chip, the negative electrode of the light-emitting diode LED4 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2, and the base of the transistor Q2 is connected to pin 38 of the EC616 chip, which is used to indicate the connection status of the current detection device, and the emitter of the transistor Q2 is grounded. The positive electrode of the light-emitting diode LED6 is connected to one end of the current-limiting resistor R13, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R13 is connected to the VBAT pin of the EC616 chip, the negative electrode of the light-emitting diode LED6 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q3, the base of the transistor Q3 is connected to the pin 37 of the EC616 chip, which is used to indicate the working status of the current detection equipment, and the emitter of the transistor Q3 is grounded;

[0017] Pin 65 of the EC616 chip is connected to the base of the transistor Q4 through a parallel resistor R15 and a capacitor C24, the emitter of the transistor Q4 is connected to pin 36 of the EC616 chip, the collector of the transistor Q4 is connected to pin 14 of the control chip U2 in the single-chip microcomputer module, pin 65 of the EC616 chip is connected to the base of the transistor Q5 through a parallel resistor R16 and a capacitor C26, the emitter of the transistor Q5 is connected to pin 12 of the control chip U2 in the single-chip microcomputer module, and the collector of the transistor Q5 is connected to pin 35 of the EC616 chip.

[0018] Preferably, the power management module includes a power voltage regulator chip U5 and a step-down chip U4; the model of the step-down chip U4 is AMS117-3.3; the model of the power voltage regulator chip U5 is MIC29302WU;

[0019] Pin 3 of the buck chip U4 is connected to a 5V power supply; one end of the capacitor C27 and one end of the capacitor C29 are connected to pin 4 of the buck chip U4, one end of the capacitor C28 and one end of the capacitor C30 are connected to pin 3 of the buck chip U4, pin 4 of the buck chip U4 outputs a 3.3V power supply, the other end of the capacitor C27 and the other end of the capacitor C29 are connected to the other end of the capacitor C30 and the other end of the capacitor C28; pin 1 of the buck chip U4 is grounded, and pin 2 of the buck chip U4 is connected to pin 4 of the buck chip U4;

[0020] The capacitors C16 and C18 connected in parallel are connected to pin 1 and pin 2 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5, respectively, and the other ends are grounded. The capacitors C17, C19 and one end of the voltage regulator tube D14 connected in parallel are connected to pin 4 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5, and the other ends are grounded. Pin 4 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5 is connected to the VBAT voltage signal. The two ends of the resistor R27 are connected to pin 4 and pin 5 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5, respectively. One end of the resistor R28 is connected to pin 5 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5 and resistor R27, and the other end is grounded. Pin 1 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5 is connected to a 5V voltage, and pin 4 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5 is connected to pin 5 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5 through resistor R27.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The utility model monitors the environmental conditions in the area where the equipment is located in real time, understands the trend of environmental changes, and takes corresponding measures in time. The system has functions such as real-time information display, historical data query, and alarm information prompts. On the basis of traditional field environment detection equipment, a solar power supply module is added, and NB-IOT technology is updated for data transmission. Compared with traditional equipment, it can greatly reduce power consumption and improve equipment life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the environmental monitoring system based on NB-IOT technology of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is the schematic diagram of the single chip microcomputer module and sensor of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is the peripheral circuit diagram of the NB-IOT module of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is the pin circuit diagram of the core-shifting EC616 chip of the present utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is the main circuit diagram of the power management module of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the temperature transmission conversion module and the thermocouple circuit of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the solar power conversion module circuit of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following is a further description and explanation of an environmental monitoring system based on NB-IOT technology of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0030] As attached Figure 1As shown, an environmental monitoring system based on NB-IOT technology includes several detection devices, clients and cloud servers. The clients loaded with user application software are connected to the cloud server. The detection devices are deployed at multiple different monitoring points in the environmental monitoring system. Each detection device includes: a single-chip microcomputer module and several environmental sensors connected to the single-chip microcomputer module, a networking module, a power management module and a solar energy storage system. The detection device is connected to the cloud server through the networking module, and the power management module supplies power to other modules.

[0031] Environmental sensors include temperature and humidity sensors and air quality sensors; the single-chip microcomputer module is an embedded processor used to collect environmental sensor data, as well as air pollution or harmful gas concentration over-limit alarm information, and package the data and send it to the networking module; the networking module uses NB-IOT communication, and the networking module is also called the NB-IOT communication module, which is used to package and upload data to the cloud server, and the cloud server unpacks the received data and imports it into the object model for storage;

[0032] The power management module is connected to the solar energy storage system and is used to connect the electric energy of the solar energy storage system to other modules in the detection equipment for power supply. The solar energy storage system includes a solar panel, a lithium battery, and a solar power conversion module. The solar power conversion module is connected to the solar panel to monitor the power generation status of the solar panel; the solar power conversion module is connected to the lithium battery to convert the electric energy generated by the solar panel into the lithium battery for storage, and monitor the health status of the lithium battery at the same time;

[0033] The solar energy storage system uses a 68mm*37mm solar panel and a 5V lithium battery, wherein the solar panel collects light energy, is connected to the lithium battery through a solar power conversion module, stores solar energy in the battery, and adds a diode between the solar panel and the lithium battery to prevent current backflow when the light intensity is weak; the lithium battery is connected to the power management module to power other modules in the detection equipment.

[0034] As attached Figure 7As shown, in the solar energy storage system, the solar power conversion module includes a monitoring chip U21, and the model of the monitoring chip U21 is LT3652IMSE; after the capacitor C41 and the potentiometer RP1 are connected in series, one end is connected to the pin 1 of the monitoring chip U21, that is, connected to VIN, and the other end is grounded, the middle pin of the potentiometer RP1 is connected to the pin 2 of the monitoring chip U21, the cathode of the diode D41 is connected to VCC, VCC is the output voltage of the solar panel, the anode of the diode D41 is connected to the pin 2 of the terminal P1, and the pin 1 of the terminal P1 is connected to the pin 6 of the monitoring chip U21 through the capacitor C42; the pin 7 of the monitoring chip U21 is grounded through the resistors R44 and R45, and the pin 7 of the monitoring chip U21 is connected to the monitoring chip U21 through the resistors R44 and R43. The monitoring chip U21 is connected to pin 9 of the monitoring chip U21, the pin 10 of the monitoring chip U21 is connected to the pin 11 of the monitoring chip U21 through the capacitor C46, ​​the pin 11 of the monitoring chip U21 is connected to the pin 12 of the monitoring chip U21 through the capacitor C46 and the inductor L41, and after the resistor R41 and the resistor R42 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the pin 10 of the monitoring chip U21, and the other end is connected to the pin 11 of the monitoring chip U21; the cathode of the diode D42 is connected to the pin 11 of the monitoring chip U21, the anode of the diode D42 is connected to the positive electrodes of the parallel capacitors C43, C44 and C45, the cathodes of the parallel capacitors C43, C44 and C45 are connected to the pin 13 of the monitoring chip U21, and the pin 9 of the monitoring chip U21 is connected to the lithium battery for outputting a voltage to charge the lithium battery.

[0035] The working principle of solar power conversion is: the solar power conversion module is connected to the solar panel, the output voltage VCC of the solar panel is connected to pin 6 of the monitoring chip U21, that is, the TIMER pin, through the terminal P1, and then connected to the lithium battery through pin 9 of the monitoring chip U21, which is used to output voltage to charge the lithium battery. A diode D41 is added between the solar panel and the lithium battery to prevent current backflow when the light intensity is weak, so as to store solar energy in the lithium battery.

[0036] As attached Figure 5 As shown, the power management module includes a power voltage regulator chip U5 and a buck chip U4; the buck chip U4 is of model AMS117-3.3; the power voltage regulator chip U5 is of model MIC29302WU;

[0037] Pin 3 of the buck chip U4 is connected to a 5V power supply; one end of the capacitor C27 and one end of the capacitor C29 are connected to pin 4 of the buck chip U4, one end of the capacitor C28 and one end of the capacitor C30 are connected to pin 3 of the buck chip U4, pin 4 of the buck chip U4 outputs a 3.3V power supply, the other end of the capacitor C27 and the other end of the capacitor C29 are connected to the other end of the capacitor C30 and the other end of the capacitor C28; pin 1 of the buck chip U4 is grounded, and pin 2 of the buck chip U4 is connected to pin 4 of the buck chip U4;

[0038] The capacitors C16 and C18 connected in parallel are connected to pin 1 and pin 2 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5, respectively, and the other ends are grounded. The capacitors C17, C19 and one end of the voltage regulator tube D14 connected in parallel are connected to pin 4 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5, and the other ends are grounded. Pin 4 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5 is connected to the VBAT voltage signal. The two ends of the resistor R27 are connected to pin 4 and pin 5 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5, respectively. One end of the resistor R28 is connected to pin 5 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5 and resistor R27, and the other end is grounded. Pin 1 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5 is connected to a 5V voltage, and pin 4 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5 is connected to pin 5 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5 through resistor R27.

[0039] The working principle of the power management module is as follows: the output voltage of the lithium battery is the VBAT voltage signal, which is connected to the pin 4 of the power voltage regulator chip U5, and then converted to 5V voltage through the power voltage regulator chip U5 and output through the pin 1 of the power voltage regulator chip U5. The pin 3 of the step-down chip U4 is connected to the 5V power supply, that is, connected to the pin 1 of the power voltage regulator chip U5. The 5V power supply is converted to 3.3V voltage through the step-down chip U4 and output through the pin 4 of the step-down chip U4, thereby supplying power to the single-chip microcomputer module. In the utility model, the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery are connected to the single-chip microcomputer module through the power management module, and the voltage data of the lithium battery is monitored in real time. This data is sent to the networking module in real time, and then sent to the cloud server. The user can observe the voltage conditions of each detection device in real time. If there is an abnormality, the corresponding alarm information will be pushed to the user-side application software.

[0040] As attached Figure 2 As shown, the single-chip microcomputer module includes a control chip U2, and the model of the control chip U2 is STM32F103C8T6; after capacitors C4, C5, C10, and C11 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to a 3.3V power supply, and the other end is grounded, and capacitors C4, C5, C10, and C11 realize filtering of the single-chip microcomputer power supply;

[0041] The crystal oscillator Y3 is connected to the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C12 to form a series closed loop, and the two ends of the crystal oscillator Y3 are respectively connected to the pin 3 and the pin 4 of the control chip U2; the crystal oscillator Y2 is connected to the capacitor C13 and the capacitor C14 to form a series closed loop, and the crystal oscillator Y2 is connected to the resistor R6 to form a series closed loop, and the two ends of the crystal oscillator Y2 are respectively connected to the pin 5 and the pin 6 of the control chip U2; the pin 36 of the control chip U2 is connected to the 3.3V power supply, that is, the 3.3V voltage output by the pin 4 of the step-down chip U4 in the power management module provides power supply for the control chip U2.

[0042] In some embodiments of the utility model, the temperature and humidity sensor in the environmental sensor adopts the SHT30 sensor, which is welded on the main board of the device. The air quality sensor adopts the GP2Y10 sensor, which is placed outside the device through a flexible flat cable. The SHT30 sensor is used to collect the temperature and humidity data of the current environment. The data communicates with the single-chip microcomputer module through the IIC protocol, and the temperature and humidity data are sent to the single-chip microcomputer module. The GP2Y10 sensor is used to collect the current content of harmful substances in the air; the GP2Y10 sensor converts the content of harmful substances in the air into a voltage signal, which is connected to the AD port inside the single-chip microcomputer module, and the voltage signal is converted into a digital signal through the AD inside the single-chip microcomputer.

[0043] As attached Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the networking module is a NB-IOT networking module developed using the EC616 chip of Yixin, and communicates with the single-chip microcomputer module using a serial port with a baud rate of 115200bps. Figure 4 The figure shows the pin diagram of the EC616 chip of Yixin (EC616 chip for short). The networking module uses the 4G communication module of the NB-IOT network. Pins 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 of the USB1 terminal are connected to the ground. Pins 1, 2, and 3 of the USB1 terminal are connected to pins 14, 15, and 16 of the EC616 chip, respectively. Pin 1 of the electrostatic protection diode D2 is connected to the ground. Pin 2 of the electrostatic protection diode D2 is connected to pin 3 of the USB1 terminal. Pin 3 of the electrostatic protection diode D2 is connected to pin 2 of the USB1 terminal. Pin 4 of the electrostatic protection diode D2 is connected to pin 1 of the USB1 terminal. The USB1 terminal is used to connect a computer to a USB for firmware updates.

[0044] As attached Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the positive electrode of the light-emitting diode LED3 is connected to one end of the current-limiting resistor R11, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor R11 is connected to pins 59 and 60 of the EC616 chip, namely, the VBAT pin, which is used to provide power for the light-emitting diode LED3, that is, the networking module is directly powered by the output voltage of the lithium battery, and a voltage conversion output pin, namely, pin 65, is provided inside the networking module as the VDD_EXT output, the negative electrode of the light-emitting diode LED3 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q1, and the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to pin 57 of the EC616 chip, which is used to indicate the network status of the current detection device, and the emitter of the transistor Q1 is grounded; the positive electrode of the light-emitting diode LED4 is connected to one end of the current-limiting resistor R12, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor R12 is connected to the VBAT pin of the EC616 chip, the negative electrode of the light-emitting diode LED4 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2, and the base of the transistor Q2 is connected to pin 38 of the EC616 chip, which is used to indicate the connection status of the current detection device, and the emitter of the transistor Q2 is grounded. The positive pole of the light-emitting diode LED6 is connected to one end of the current-limiting resistor R13, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R13 is connected to the VBAT pin of the EC616 chip, the negative pole of the light-emitting diode LED6 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q3, the base of the transistor Q3 is connected to the pin 37 of the EC616 chip, which is used to indicate the working status of the current detection equipment, and the emitter of the transistor Q3 is grounded.

[0045] Pin 65 of the EC616 chip is connected to the base of the transistor Q4 through a parallel resistor R15 and a capacitor C24, the emitter of the transistor Q4 is connected to pin 36 of the EC616 chip, the collector of the transistor Q4 is connected to pin 14 of the control chip U2 in the single-chip microcomputer module, pin 65 of the EC616 chip is connected to the base of the transistor Q5 through a parallel resistor R16 and a capacitor C26, the emitter of the transistor Q5 is connected to pin 12 of the control chip U2 in the single-chip microcomputer module, and the collector of the transistor Q5 is connected to pin 35 of the EC616 chip.

[0046] The working principle of the networking module is as follows: the networking module is powered by a lithium battery, and indicates the network status, connection status and working status of the current detection device through light-emitting diodes LED3, LED4 and LED3 respectively. The networking module controls the on and off of transistors Q4 and Q through pins 36 and 35 of the EC616 chip, namely 4G_TX and 4G_RX, respectively, to achieve connection with pins 12 and 13 of the control chip U2, namely MCU_TX and MCU_RX, to achieve communication between the networking module and the single-chip microcomputer module;

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, the utility model also includes a temperature transmission and conversion module connected to the single-chip computer module, and the temperature transmission and conversion module is used to obtain the temperature information inside the detection device;

[0048] The temperature transmitter conversion module includes a thermocouple PT100 and a temperature transmitter chip U10. The specific model of the thermocouple PT100 is WJ15EDGRC-3.81-3P. The model of the temperature transmitter chip U10 is AD7705, which is an analog-to-digital conversion chip, and the specific model is AD7705BRUZ-REEL7.

[0049] Pin 3 of the thermocouple PT100 is grounded through a resistor R34, and pin 3 of the thermocouple PT100 is connected to the AIN1-pin through a resistor R33, that is, pin 8 of the temperature transmitter chip U10. Pin 3 of the thermocouple PT100 is connected to pin 1 of the thermocouple PT100 through a resistor R33, a capacitor C22, and a resistor R17. Pin 9 of the thermocouple PT100 is connected to the VREF reference voltage, that is, connected to pin 9 of the temperature transmitter chip U10; pin 1 of the thermocouple PT100 is connected to the AIN1+pin and AIN2+pin through a resistor R17, that is, pin 7 of the temperature transmitter chip U10, and pin 6 of the temperature transmitter chip U10, respectively. Pin 1 of the thermocouple PT100 is connected to pin 2 of the thermocouple PT100 through a resistor R17, a capacitor C17, and a resistor R22. Pin 2 of the thermocouple is connected to the AIN2-pin through a resistor R22, that is, pin 11 of the temperature transmitter chip U10.

[0050] Pin 2 of the temperature transmitter chip U10 is connected to pin 3 of the temperature transmitter chip U10 through the high-speed crystal oscillator X3, pin 5 of the temperature transmitter chip U10 is connected to a 3.3V voltage through a resistor R35, pin 9 of the temperature transmitter chip U10 is connected to a 3.3V voltage through a resistor R36, pin 15 of the temperature transmitter chip U10 is connected to pin 16 of the temperature transmitter chip U10 through a capacitor C33, pin 15 of the temperature transmitter chip U10 is connected to a 3.3V voltage, and pin 16 of the temperature transmitter chip U10 is grounded; pin 4, pin 1, pin 13, and pin 12 of the temperature transmitter chip U10 are used as CS pins, SCLK pins, DOUT pins, and DRDY pins, and are respectively connected to pins 16, 15, 17, and 18 of the control chip U2 in the single-chip microcomputer module;

[0051] The working principle of the temperature transmitter and conversion module is as follows: after the thermocouple PT100 obtains the temperature information inside the detection equipment, it transmits the temperature analog signal through the AIN1+ pin, AIN1- pin, AIN2+ pin, and AIN2- pin of the temperature transmitter chip U10. After the temperature transmitter chip U10 converts the received temperature analog signal into a temperature digital signal, it is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer module through the CS pin, SCLK pin, DOUT pin, and DRDY pin, so that the single-chip microcomputer module can obtain the temperature information inside the detection equipment in real time and monitor the temperature changes of the detection equipment content.

[0052] In the environmental monitoring system based on NB-IOT technology of the utility model, a real-time environmental monitoring system is constructed according to the three-layer structure of the Internet of Things through the study of NB-IOT technology. Multiple detection devices (hereinafter referred to as devices) are deployed in the system within a certain range, and each device is equipped with a temperature and humidity sensor and an air quality sensor. The single-chip microcomputer module in each device can read the environmental sensor data corresponding to the device, and after filtering, it is packaged and sent to the networking module for data upload to the cloud, and data is transmitted through the NB-IOT network. Users can access each device through the client, read the operating status and monitoring data of each device, and display abnormal alarm information in the user-side application software.

[0053] In addition, the utility model adopts NB-IOT technology, and by deploying environmental monitoring sensors and solar panels within a certain range, it realizes a real-time system for environmental monitoring management within a specific range, effectively improving the efficiency of environmental management, timely discovering pollution sources and responding quickly. Solar panels can store light energy in lithium batteries, greatly enhancing the endurance of environmental monitoring equipment, effectively reducing the frequency of battery replacement, and reducing the maintenance cost of equipment.

[0054] The utility model monitors the environmental conditions in the area where the equipment is located in real time, understands the trend of environmental changes, and takes corresponding measures in time. The system has functions such as real-time information display, historical data query, and alarm information prompts. On the basis of traditional field environment detection equipment, a solar power supply module is added, and NB-IOT technology is updated for data transmission. Compared with traditional equipment, it can greatly reduce power consumption and improve equipment life.

[0055] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An environmental monitoring system based on NB-IOT technology, characterized in that: The environmental monitoring system includes several detection devices, clients and cloud servers. The client loaded with user application software is connected to the cloud server; The detection equipment is deployed at multiple different monitoring points in the environmental monitoring system; each detection equipment includes: a single-chip microcomputer module and several environmental sensors connected to the single-chip microcomputer module, a networking module, a power management module and a solar energy storage system. The detection equipment is connected to the cloud server through the networking module, and the power management module supplies power to other modules; Environmental sensors include temperature and humidity sensors and air quality sensors; the single-chip microcomputer module is an embedded processor used to collect environmental sensor data, as well as air pollution or harmful gas concentration over-limit alarm information, and package the data and send it to the networking module; the networking module uses NB-IOT communication, and the networking module is also called the NB-IOT communication module, which is used to package and upload data to the cloud server, and the cloud server unpacks the received data and imports it into the object model for storage; The power management module is connected to the solar energy storage system and is used to connect the electric energy of the solar energy storage system to other modules in the detection equipment for power supply. The solar energy storage system includes solar panels, lithium batteries, and solar power conversion modules. The solar power conversion modules are connected to the solar panels to monitor the power generation status of the solar panels; the solar power conversion modules are connected to the lithium batteries to convert the electric energy generated by the solar panels into the lithium batteries for storage, and at the same time monitor the health status of the lithium batteries.

2. According to claim 1, an environmental monitoring system based on NB-IOT technology is characterized in that: The solar power conversion module monitors the chip U21, and the model of the monitoring chip U21 is LT3652IMSE; after the capacitor C41 and the potentiometer RP1 are connected in series, one end is connected to the pin 1 of the monitoring chip U21, that is, connected to VIN, and the other end is grounded, the middle pin of the potentiometer RP1 is connected to the pin 2 of the monitoring chip U21, the cathode of the diode D41 is connected to VCC, the anode of the diode D41 is connected to the pin 2 of the terminal P1, and the pin 1 of the terminal P1 is connected to the pin 6 of the monitoring chip U21 through the capacitor C42; the pin 7 of the monitoring chip U21 is grounded through the resistors R44 and R45, the pin 7 of the monitoring chip U21 is connected to the pin 9 of the monitoring chip U21 through the resistors R44 and R43, and the monitoring chip U Pin 10 of 21 is connected to pin 11 of monitoring chip U21 through capacitor C46, ​​and pin 11 of monitoring chip U21 is connected to pin 12 of monitoring chip U21 through capacitor C46 and inductor L41. After resistor R41 and resistor R42 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to pin 10 of monitoring chip U21, and the other end is connected to pin 11 of monitoring chip U21; the cathode of diode D42 is connected to pin 11 of monitoring chip U21, the anode of diode D42 is connected to the anode of capacitor C43, capacitor C44 and capacitor C45 in parallel, the cathode of capacitor C43, capacitor C44 and capacitor C45 in parallel is connected to pin 13 of monitoring chip U21, and pin 9 of monitoring chip U21 is connected to lithium battery for outputting voltage to charge lithium battery.

3. The environmental monitoring system based on NB-IOT technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature and humidity sensor uses the SHT30 sensor, and the air quality sensor uses the GP2Y10 sensor. The SHT30 sensor is used to collect the temperature and humidity data of the current environment. The data communicates with the microcontroller module through the IIC protocol, and the temperature and humidity data are sent to the microcontroller module. The GP2Y10 sensor is used to collect the current content of harmful substances in the air; the GP2Y10 sensor converts the content of harmful substances in the air into a voltage signal, which is connected to the AD port inside the microcontroller module. The voltage signal is converted into a digital signal through the AD inside the microcontroller.

4. The environmental monitoring system based on NB-IOT technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single-chip microcomputer module includes a control chip U2, and the model of the control chip U2 is STM32F103C8T6; after capacitors C4, C5, C10, and C11 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to a 3.3V power supply, and the other end is grounded; The crystal oscillator Y3 is connected to the capacitor C1 and the capacitor C12 to form a series closed loop, and the two ends of the crystal oscillator Y3 are respectively connected to the pin 3 and the pin 4 of the control chip U2; the crystal oscillator Y2 is connected to the capacitor C13 and the capacitor C14 to form a series closed loop, and the crystal oscillator Y2 is connected to the resistor R6 to form a series closed loop, and the two ends of the crystal oscillator Y2 are respectively connected to the pin 5 and the pin 6 of the control chip U2; the pin 36 of the control chip U2 is connected to the 3.3V power supply.

5. The environmental monitoring system based on NB-IOT technology according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The networking module is a NB-IOT networking module developed using the EC616 chip, including: Pin 5, pin 6, pin 7, pin 8, and pin 9 of the USB1 terminal are connected to the ground, pin 1, pin 2, and pin 3 of the USB1 terminal are connected to pin 14, pin 15, and pin 16 of the EC616 chip respectively, pin 1 of the electrostatic protection diode D2 is grounded, pin 2 of the electrostatic protection diode D2 is connected to pin 3 of the USB1 terminal, pin 3 of the electrostatic protection diode D2 is connected to pin 2 of the USB1 terminal, and pin 4 of the electrostatic protection diode D2 is connected to pin 1 of the USB1 terminal; The positive electrode of the light-emitting diode LED3 is connected to one end of the current-limiting resistor R11, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor R11 is connected to pins 59 and 60 of the EC616 chip, namely the VBAT pin, which is used to provide power to the light-emitting diode LED3. The negative electrode of the light-emitting diode LED3 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q1, and the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to pin 57 of the EC616 chip, which is used to indicate the network status of the current detection device. The emitter of the transistor Q1 is grounded; the positive electrode of the light-emitting diode LED4 is connected to one end of the current-limiting resistor R12, and the other end of the current-limiting resistor R12 is connected to the VBA of the EC616 chip. T pin, the cathode of the light-emitting diode LED4 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q2, the base of the transistor Q2 is connected to the pin 38 of the EC616 chip, which is used to indicate the connection status of the current detection equipment, and the emitter of the transistor Q2 is grounded; the anode of the light-emitting diode LED6 is connected to one end of the current-limiting resistor R13, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R13 is connected to the VBAT pin of the EC616 chip, the cathode of the light-emitting diode LED6 is connected to the collector of the transistor Q3, the base of the transistor Q3 is connected to the pin 37 of the EC616 chip, which is used to indicate the working status of the current detection equipment, and the emitter of the transistor Q3 is grounded; Pin 65 of the EC616 chip is connected to the base of the transistor Q4 through a parallel resistor R15 and a capacitor C24, the emitter of the transistor Q4 is connected to pin 36 of the EC616 chip, the collector of the transistor Q4 is connected to pin 14 of the control chip U2 in the single-chip microcomputer module, pin 65 of the EC616 chip is connected to the base of the transistor Q5 through a parallel resistor R16 and a capacitor C26, the emitter of the transistor Q5 is connected to pin 12 of the control chip U2 in the single-chip microcomputer module, and the collector of the transistor Q5 is connected to pin 35 of the EC616 chip.

6. The environmental monitoring system based on NB-IOT technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power management module includes a power voltage regulator chip U5 and a step-down chip U4; the model of the step-down chip U4 is AMS117-3.3; the model of the power voltage regulator chip U5 is MIC29302WU; Pin 3 of the buck chip U4 is connected to a 5V power supply; one end of the capacitor C27 and one end of the capacitor C29 are connected to pin 4 of the buck chip U4, one end of the capacitor C28 and one end of the capacitor C30 are connected to pin 3 of the buck chip U4, pin 4 of the buck chip U4 outputs a 3.3V power supply, the other end of the capacitor C27 and the other end of the capacitor C29 are connected to the other end of the capacitor C30 and the other end of the capacitor C28; pin 1 of the buck chip U4 is grounded, and pin 2 of the buck chip U4 is connected to pin 4 of the buck chip U4; The parallel capacitors C16 and C18 are respectively connected to pin 1 and pin 2 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5, and the other ends are grounded. The parallel capacitors C17, C19 and one end of the voltage regulator D14 are connected to pin 4 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5, and the other ends are grounded. Pin 4 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5 is connected to the VBAT voltage signal; the two ends of the resistor R27 are respectively connected to pin 4 and pin 5 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5, one end of the resistor R28 is connected to pin 5 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5 and resistor R27, and the other end is grounded; pin 1 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5 is connected to a 5V voltage, and pin 4 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5 is connected to pin 5 of the power supply voltage regulator chip U5 through the resistor R27.

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