Power divider and electronic equipment
By using RCR series network and multi-stage LC unit cascade technology in millimeter wave power divider, the problem of insufficient isolation in the existing technology is solved, higher isolation and working bandwidth are achieved, and the cost is reduced. in high-performance millimeter wave phased array system.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421053639.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-07
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-15
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to design a higher isolation power divider suitable for millimeter waves, especially in terms of area, bandwidth, isolation and channel balance.
The RCR series network is used for isolation. Compared with the use of resistor isolation only, the RCR series network can significantly improve the isolation of the millimeter wave differential power divider. At the same time, through multi-stage LC unit cascade and inductive coupling to form a transformer, the working bandwidth is increased and the layout area is controlled.
It effectively improves the isolation and working bandwidth of the millimeter wave power divider, reduces the layout area and cost, and meets the needs of high-performance ultra-large-scale integrated phased array system.
Smart Images
Figure CN222441676U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a power divider and electronic equipment. Background Art
[0002] In recent years, with the continuous development of phased array technology, applications in the millimeter-wave band have garnered increasing attention. Power dividers, also known as power splitters, are a crucial component of millimeter-wave phased array systems, primarily responsible for combining and distributing power between submodules within the system. Therefore, the power divider's area, bandwidth, isolation, and channel balance directly impact the performance and cost of the phased array system.
[0003] At present, with the emergence of high-performance ultra-large-scale integrated phased arrays, higher requirements are placed on indicators such as area, bandwidth, isolation, and channel balance of millimeter-wave power dividers.
[0004] How to design a power divider with better isolation suitable for millimeter waves is the technical problem to be solved in this application. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a power divider and an electronic device to solve the technical problem in the prior art of how to design a power divider with better isolation suitable for millimeter waves.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions.
[0007] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a power divider including a first branch, a second branch, a third branch, and a fourth branch.
[0008] The first end of the first branch is connected to the first end of the third branch and is used to transmit one path in the first group of differential signals; the first end of the second branch is connected to the first end of the fourth branch and is used to transmit the other path in the first group of differential signals.
[0009] The second end of the first branch and the second end of the second branch are used to transmit a second group of differential signals; the second end of the third branch and the second end of the fourth branch are used to output a third group of differential signals.
[0010] The power divider is used to divide the first group of differential signals into the second group of differential signals and the third group of differential signals, or to combine the second group of differential signals and the third group of differential signals into the first group of differential signals.
[0011] The first branch and the third branch are isolated by a first RCR series network; the second branch and the fourth branch are isolated by a second RCR series network.
[0012] Existing technologies use only isolation resistors to achieve isolation. Specifically, the isolation degree is improved by optimizing the size of the isolation resistors. However, in millimeter-wave broadband differential power splitters, the isolation effect achieved by using only isolation resistors is limited.
[0013] Compared with using only resistor isolation, the RCR series network isolation is used between different branches of the power divider provided in the embodiment of the present application, which can effectively improve the isolation of the millimeter wave differential power divider.
[0014] Optionally, the first RCR series network and the second RCR series network have the same structure, both including a structure in which a resistor, a capacitor, and a resistor are sequentially connected in series. This series structure is easy to implement, has controllable cost, and can provide better isolation than a single resistor.
[0015] Optionally, the first branch, the second branch, the third branch, and the fourth branch each include at least two cascaded LC units. The multi-stage cascaded LC unit structure can increase the operating bandwidth of the power divider to form a broadband millimeter wave power divider.
[0016] Optionally, a connection point of adjacent LC cell cascades in the first branch is connected to a first end of the first RCR series network, and a second end of the first RCR series network is connected to a connection point of adjacent LC cell cascades in the third branch.
[0017] The connection point of the adjacent LC cell cascades in the second branch is connected to the first end of the second RCR series network, and the second end of the second RCR series network is connected to the connection point of the adjacent LC cell cascades in the fourth branch.
[0018] Optionally, the power divider further includes a first RCR series unit and a second RCR series unit.
[0019] The second end of the first branch is connected to the first end of the first RCR series unit, and the second end of the first RCR series unit is connected to the second end of the third branch.
[0020] The second end of the second branch is connected to the first end of the second RCR series unit, and the second end of the second RCR series unit is connected to the second end of the fourth branch.
[0021] Optionally, the inductance of the first branch and the inductance of the second branch are coupled to form a transformer, and the inductance of the third branch and the inductance of the fourth branch are coupled to form a transformer.
[0022] The method of coupling a section of LC units corresponding to adjacent branches into a transformer can control the layout area to be relatively small, thereby controlling cost issues such as wafer production cost.
[0023] Optionally, the first branch, the second branch, the third branch and the fourth branch each include at least two cascaded LC units, each inductor of the first branch is coupled one-to-one with the inductor of the second branch to form a transformer, and each inductor of the third branch is coupled one-to-one with the inductor of the fourth branch to form a transformer.
[0024] Optionally, the first end of all the inductors is topologically close to the first group of differential signals, and the second end is topologically far from the first group of differential signals.
[0025] The first end of the inductor of the first branch and the second end of the inductor of the second branch are mutually identical ends;
[0026] The first end of the inductor of the third branch and the second end of the inductor of the fourth branch are the same-named ends.
[0027] Optionally, the first branch, the second branch, the third branch and the fourth branch have the same structure.
[0028] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a multi-stage power divider, wherein the multi-stage power divider includes at least two stages of one-to-two power dividers, and the one-to-two power dividers are the power dividers of the first aspect.
[0029] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising the power distributor of the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a power distributor provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0032] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an RCR connected in series at the end of a branch circuit for isolation is provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0033] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present application in which each branch includes two LC units;
[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a power divider composed of an inductor, a capacitor, and a resistor provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0035] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a multi-stage power distributor provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0036] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a multi-stage power divider composed of inductors, capacitors, and resistors provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0037] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A simplified schematic diagram of a multi-stage power divider is shown.
[0038] Description of reference numerals:
[0039] 10 First Branch Road
[0040] 20 Second Branch Road
[0041] 30 Third Branch Road
[0042] 40 Fourth Branch Road
[0043] 50 First RCR series network
[0044] 60 Second RCR series network
[0045] 70 First RCR series unit
[0046] 80 Second RCR series unit DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present application described in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0048] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this application without creative effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of this application. The following embodiments and features therein may be combined with each other unless there is a conflict.
[0049] In the description of this application, it should be noted that relational terms such as first and second are used solely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. The term "connected" should be understood broadly, for example, it can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium.
[0050] Existing technologies use only isolation resistors to achieve isolation. Specifically, the isolation degree is improved by optimizing the size of the isolation resistors. However, in millimeter-wave broadband differential power splitters, the isolation effect achieved by using only isolation resistors is limited.
[0051] See Figure 1 An embodiment of the present application provides a power divider, which includes a first branch 10, a second branch 20, a third branch 30 and a fourth branch 40.
[0052] Figure 1 On the left side is the first group of differential signals, which consists of two signals, and the two signals are represented by RF11 and RF12 respectively.
[0053] Figure 1 On the right side, there are the second and third groups of differential signals. Both differential signals are composed of two signals. The second group of differential signals are represented by RF21 and RF22, and the third group of differential signals are represented by RF31 and RF32.
[0054] The entire power divider can be used to divide the first group of differential signals into the second group of differential signals and the third group of differential signals, and can also be used to combine the second group of differential signals and the third group of differential signals into the first group of differential signals.
[0055] In order to facilitate the description of the connection relationship between the first branch 10, the second branch 20, the third branch 30 and the fourth branch 40, the left end in the figure is named the first end and the right end is named the second end, that is, the end that is topologically close to the first group of differential signals is the first end, and the end that is topologically far away from the first group of differential signals is the second end.
[0056] The connection relationship is as follows:
[0057] The first end of the first branch 10 is connected to the first end of the third branch 30 and is used to transmit the RF11 signal in the first group of differential signals;
[0058] The first end of the second branch 20 is connected to the first end of the fourth branch 40 and is used to transmit the RF12 signal in the first group of differential signals;
[0059] The second end of the first branch 10 is used to transmit RF21 of the second group of differential signals, and the second end of the second branch 20 is used to transmit RF22 of the second group of differential signals; the second end of the third branch 30 is used to output RF31 of the third group of differential signals, and the second end of the fourth branch 40 is used to output RF32 of the third group of differential signals.
[0060] The first branch 10 and the third branch 30 are isolated by a first RCR series network 50, and the second branch 20 and the fourth branch 40 are isolated by a second RCR series network 60. The RCR series network can be composed of a resistor, a capacitor, and a resistor in series. Compared to the prior art that uses only resistor isolation, the power divider provided in the embodiment of the present application uses an RCR series network to isolate different branches, which can effectively improve the isolation of the millimeter-wave differential power divider.
[0061] RCR series network isolation can be set in the middle of the branch or at one end of the branch. Figure 2 , Figure 2 It is shown that an RCR series unit is isolated at the second end of the branch, wherein there are a first RCR series unit 70 and a second RCR series unit 80.
[0062] according to Figure 2 , the upper end of the RCR series unit is named the first end, and the lower end of the RCR series unit is named the second end, with the following connection relationship:
[0063] The second end of the first branch 10 is connected to the first end of the first RCR series unit 70, and the second end of the first RCR series unit 70 is connected to the second end of the third branch 30;
[0064] The second end of the second branch 20 is connected to the first end of the second RCR series unit 80 , and the second end of the second RCR series unit 80 is connected to the second end of the fourth branch 40 .
[0065] The structures of the first branch 10 , the second branch 20 , the third branch 30 and the fourth branch 40 may be the same, so that balanced power distribution can be achieved more simply.
[0066] As for the structure of the branch, each branch can be composed of a cascade of LC units, and can be designed as at least two cascades of LC units, such as Figure 3 The first branch 10, the second branch 20, the third branch 30 and the fourth branch 40 all include two-stage LC units 11. The cascade connection of multiple-stage LC units can increase the bandwidth and realize the broadband characteristics of the power divider.
[0067] Corresponding to the structure of multi-stage LC unit cascade, the connection points of adjacent LC unit cascades can be connected to the RCR series network, such as Figure 3, name the upper end of the RCR series network the first end, and the lower end of the RCR series network the second end. The connection relationship is as follows:
[0068] The connection point of the adjacent LC cell cascades in the first branch 10 is connected to the first end of the first RCR series network 50, and the second end of the first RCR series network 50 is connected to the connection point of the adjacent LC cell cascades in the third branch 30;
[0069] The connection point of the adjacent LC cell cascades in the second branch 20 is connected to a first end of the second RCR series network 60 , and the second end of the second RCR series network 60 is connected to a connection point of the adjacent LC cell cascades in the fourth branch 40 .
[0070] Figure 4 An implementation scheme of a power divider composed of capacitors, inductors, and resistors is shown. The power divider can be used to divide differential signals RF11 and RF12 into differential signals RF21 and RF22 and differential signals RF31 and RF32, and can also be used to combine differential signals RF21 and RF22 and differential signals RF31 and RF32 into differential signals RF11 and RF12.
[0071] The capacitors of different branches can share the same capacitor, and the capacitors of different LC units can share the same capacitor, such as Figure 4 :
[0072] a first LC unit of a first branch consisting of an inductor L1, a capacitor C1, and a capacitor C3;
[0073] The second LC unit of the first branch composed of inductor L5, capacitor C3 and capacitor C9;
[0074] a first LC unit of the second branch consisting of inductor L2, capacitor C2, and capacitor C4;
[0075] a second LC unit of the second branch consisting of inductor L6, capacitor C4, and capacitor C10;
[0076] a first LC unit of the third branch consisting of inductor L3, capacitor C1, and capacitor C5;
[0077] The second LC unit of the third branch composed of inductor L7, capacitor C5 and capacitor C11;
[0078] a first LC unit of a fourth branch consisting of an inductor L4, a capacitor C2, and a capacitor C6;
[0079] The second LC unit of the fourth branch is composed of the inductor L8, the capacitor C6, and the capacitor C12.
[0080] The cascade connection of LC units can be understood as follows: the inductor of one LC unit is connected to the inductor of an adjacent LC unit, and both ends of each inductor are grounded via a capacitor.
[0081] Setting up a multi-stage LC unit cascade will increase the area of the power divider, resulting in an increase in chip cost.
[0082] The inductors of two adjacent LC units corresponding to different branches can be coupled into a transformer to reduce the layout area and control the chip cost.
[0083] In terms of layout design, the first branch can be adjacent to the second branch, the second branch can be adjacent to the third branch, and the third branch can be adjacent to the fourth branch. The inductance of the first branch and the inductance of the second branch can be coupled into a transformer, and the inductance of the third branch and the inductance of the fourth branch can be coupled into a transformer.
[0084] like Figure 4 To facilitate the description of the coupling relationship, the two ends of the inductor in the LC unit are named. The end topologically close to the first group of differential signals is the first end of the inductor, and the end topologically far from the first group of differential signals is the second end of the inductor. The coupling relationship is as follows:
[0085] The first end of the inductor of the first branch and the second end of a corresponding section of the inductor of the second branch are the same-named ends;
[0086] The first end of the inductor of the third branch and the second end of a section of inductor corresponding to the fourth branch are the same-named ends.
[0087] Based on the above embodiments, the present application also provides a multi-stage power divider, which includes at least two stages of one-to-two power dividers, such as Figure 5 The left-stage power divider can input differential signals RF11 and RF12. The differential signals RF21 and RF22 output by the left-stage one-to-two power divider are further divided into differential signals RF211 and RF212 and differential signals RF221 and RF222. The differential signals RF31 and RF32 output by the left-stage one-to-two power divider are further divided into differential signals RF311 and RF312 and differential signals RF321 and RF322.
[0088] Two-stage one-to-two power distributors form a one-to-four power distributor. If there are three-stage one-to-two power distributors, a one-to-eight power distributor can be formed.
[0089] The optional implementation manner of each stage of the one-to-two power divider is the same as the implementation manner of the above-mentioned power divider, and the beneficial effects are consistent with the beneficial effects of the corresponding implementation manner of the above-mentioned power divider.
[0090] like Figure 6 , Figure 6 The two-stage power divider shown, Figure 7 As a simplified schematic, the first stage has a one-to-two power splitter that accepts differential signals RFINP and RFINN. The second stage has two one-to-two power splitters. These two-stage power splitters can split the differential signals RFINP and RFINN into four differential signal groups: differential signals RFOUTP1 and RFOUTN1, differential signals RFOUTP2 and RFOUTN2, differential signals RFOUTP3 and RFOUTN3, and differential signals RFOUTP4 and RFOUTN4. The three one-to-two power splitters can use the same structure, thereby outputting four equal-power differential signals.
[0091] like Figure 6 Each branch in the multi-stage power divider can adopt a multi-stage LC unit cascade structure, which can increase the working bandwidth of the power divider and form a broadband millimeter wave power divider.
[0092] Continue to refer Figure 6 , the inductors of two adjacent LC units corresponding to different branches can be coupled into a transformer, reducing the layout area and controlling the chip cost.
[0093] Based on the above embodiment, the present application also provides an electronic device, which includes the above power divider. The optional implementation manner and beneficial effects are consistent with the implementation manner and beneficial effects of the above power divider.
[0094] In summary, the present application provides a power divider, a multi-stage power divider, and an electronic device. The use of an RCR series network to isolate different branches effectively improves the isolation of the millimeter-wave differential power divider. The cascaded connection of multiple LC units can address the narrow bandwidth issue of the millimeter-wave power divider. The inductive coupling between the LC units into a transformer can address the large area issue of the millimeter-wave power divider.
[0095] The above-described device and system embodiments are merely illustrative, and some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment. Those skilled in the art may understand and implement the present invention without inventive effort.
[0096] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.
Claims
1. A power distributor, characterized in that: It includes the first branch, the second branch, the third branch and the fourth branch; The first end of the first branch is connected to the first end of the third branch and is used to transmit one path of the first group of differential signals; the first end of the second branch is connected to the first end of the fourth branch and is used to transmit another path of the first group of differential signals; The second end of the first branch and the second end of the second branch are used to transmit a second group of differential signals; the second end of the third branch and the second end of the fourth branch are used to output a third group of differential signals; The power distributor is used to distribute the first group of differential signals into the second group of differential signals and the third group of differential signals, or to combine the second group of differential signals and the third group of differential signals into the first group of differential signals; The first branch and the third branch are isolated by a first RCR series network; the second branch and the fourth branch are isolated by a second RCR series network.
2. The power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that The first branch, the second branch, the third branch and the fourth branch each include at least two cascaded LC units.
3. The power divider according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connection point of the adjacent LC unit cascades in the first branch is connected to the first end of the first RCR series network, and the second end of the first RCR series network is connected to the connection point of the adjacent LC unit cascades in the third branch; The connection point of the adjacent LC unit cascades in the second branch is connected to the first end of the second RCR series network, and the second end of the second RCR series network is connected to the connection point of the adjacent LC unit cascades in the fourth branch.
4. The power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power distributor also includes a first RCR series unit and a second RCR series unit; The second end of the first branch is connected to the first end of the first RCR series unit, and the second end of the first RCR series unit is connected to the second end of the third branch; The second end of the second branch is connected to the first end of the second RCR series unit, and the second end of the second RCR series unit is connected to the second end of the fourth branch.
5. The power divider according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inductance of the first branch is coupled with the inductance of the second branch to form a transformer, and the inductance of the third branch is coupled with the inductance of the fourth branch to form a transformer.
6. The power divider according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first branch, the second branch, the third branch and the fourth branch each include at least two cascaded LC units; Each inductor of the first branch is coupled with the inductor of the second branch in a one-to-one correspondence to form a transformer, and each inductor of the third branch is coupled with the inductor of the fourth branch in a one-to-one correspondence to form a transformer.
7. The power divider according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first end of the inductor of the first branch and the second end of the inductor of the second branch are the same end; The first end of the inductor of the third branch and the second end of the inductor of the fourth branch are the same end; The first end of all the inductors is an end close to the first group of differential signals in a topological relationship, and the second end is an end far away from the first group of differential signals in a topological relationship.
8. The power divider according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The first branch, the second branch, the third branch and the fourth branch have the same structure.
9. A multi-stage power distributor, characterized in that: The multi-stage power distributor comprises at least two stages of one-to-two power distributors, and the one-to-two power distributor is the power distributor according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises the power divider according to any one of claims 1 to 8.