Bumper middle reinforcing plate mounting structure and vehicle

By providing a connecting portion protruding to the body on the bumper on the middle reinforcement plate body, an avoidance gap is formed, and the bumper bulging phenomenon caused by the reduction of the installation point position is solved, and the structural stability and exquisiteness of the vehicle are improved.

CN222538770UActive Publication Date: 2025-02-28GREAT WALL MOTOR CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202420613656.X
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Utility models(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2024-03-27
Publication Date
2025-02-28
Estimated Expiration
2034-03-27

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

In the bumper design of a vehicle, since different configurations may lack a lidar bracket, the installation position of the middle area of ​​the bumper is reduced, which makes the installation point position of the mid-reinforcement plate body easily bulge toward the outside of the vehicle body, causing the phenomenon of bulging, affecting the overall structure of the bumper and the exquisiteness of the vehicle.

Method used

By providing a connecting portion protruding to one side of the bumper body on the middle reinforcement plate body, a reliable connection between the middle reinforcement plate body and the bumper body is achieved, and a gap is formed between the two to avoid deformation when the mounting seat is subjected to a large gravity.

Benefits of technology

It effectively avoids the drumming phenomenon of the body on the bumper, ensures the structural stability of the body on the bumper, and improves the exquisiteness of the whole vehicle.

✦ Generated by Eureka AI based on patent content.

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Patent Text Reader

Abstract

The utility model provides a bumper middle reinforcing plate installation structure and a vehicle, the bumper middle reinforcing plate installation structure comprises a middle reinforcing plate body, the middle reinforcing plate body is provided with an installation seat and a connecting part, the installation seat extends towards the inner side of a vehicle body and is connected with an anti-collision beam, and the connecting part protrudes towards one side of a bumper upper body and is located on the periphery of the installation seat. The connecting part is connected with the bumper upper body and used for forming an avoiding gap between the middle reinforcing plate body and the bumper upper body. According to the installation structure of the middle reinforcing plate of the bumper, the middle reinforcing plate body is provided with the connecting part protruding towards one side of the upper body of the bumper, so that reliable connection between the middle reinforcing plate body and the upper body of the bumper is achieved, and the avoiding gap is formed between the middle reinforcing plate body and the upper body of the bumper; and bulking of the bumper upper body caused by deformation when the mounting base bears large gravity is avoided, the structural stability of the bumper upper body is guaranteed, and the delicate feeling of the whole vehicle is improved.
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Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of bumper installation structures, and more specifically, relates to a reinforcement plate installation structure in a bumper and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] At present, in the design of vehicle bumpers, the connection between the bumper and the anti-collision beam is often achieved through the middle reinforcement plate body and the installation points on the laser radar bracket. Due to the different configurations of the same model, some models are not equipped with laser radars, so the laser radar brackets of such models are cancelled, reducing the installation positions in the middle area of ​​the front bumper.

[0003] When the center reinforcement plate body is connected to the sheet metal bracket on the anti-collision beam only through the mounting points on the center reinforcement plate body, since the mounting points need to bear most of the weight of the middle area of ​​the bumper, the position where the mounting points are set is prone to bulge toward the outside of the vehicle body, causing bulging on the bumper body, affecting the overall structure of the bumper and the refinement of the vehicle. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a bumper middle reinforcement plate installation structure and a vehicle, which can form an avoidance gap between the middle reinforcement plate body and the bumper upper body to avoid bulging of the bumper upper body and improve the refinement of the vehicle.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: to provide a bumper center reinforcement plate installation structure, including a center reinforcement plate body, a mounting seat and a connecting portion are provided on the center reinforcement plate body, the mounting seat extends toward the inner side of the vehicle body and is connected to the anti-collision beam, the connecting portion is protruded toward one side of the bumper upper body and is located at the periphery of the mounting seat, the connecting portion is connected to the bumper upper body, and is used to form an avoidance gap between the center reinforcement plate body and the bumper upper body.

[0006] In a possible implementation, a lower supporting seat supported below the mounting seat is provided on the middle reinforcing plate body, and a plurality of lower supporting seats are provided below the mounting seat, and the plurality of lower supporting seats are spaced apart along the width direction of the vehicle body.

[0007] In some embodiments, the middle reinforcing plate body is further provided with two side reinforcing seats corresponding to each other and located on both sides of the mounting seat. The side reinforcing seats extend toward the inside of the vehicle body, and the height of the extended ends of the side reinforcing seats gradually decreases.

[0008] In a possible implementation, a top reinforcing platform located above the mounting seat is further provided on the middle reinforcing plate body, and the top reinforcing platform is protruded toward a side close to the mounting seat.

[0009] In a possible implementation, a plurality of upper connecting seats connected to the bumper upper body are provided on the upper edge of the middle reinforcing plate body, the upper connecting seats are used to form a connecting portion, and the upper connecting seats are connected to the bumper upper body through a first connecting member.

[0010] In some embodiments, the lower portion of the middle reinforcing plate body is provided with a connecting ridge that protrudes toward one side of the bumper upper body and extends along the width direction of the vehicle body. The connecting ridge is used to form a connecting portion. The connecting ridge is provided with an inner connecting seat that protrudes toward the inner side of the vehicle body. The inner connecting seat is connected to the air intake grille through a second connecting member.

[0011] In some embodiments, a plurality of reinforcing ribs are provided on a side of the connecting ridge close to the inner side of the vehicle body, the upper edge of the reinforcing ribs is connected to the top wall of the cavity of the connecting ridge, and the lower edge of the reinforcing ribs is connected to the side wall of the cavity of the connecting ridge.

[0012] In a possible implementation, a middle portion of the middle reinforcing plate body is provided with a middle reinforcing convex strip protruding toward the inner side of the vehicle body, and a plurality of middle reinforcing convex strips are provided and extend in the up-down direction respectively.

[0013] In some embodiments, the center reinforcement plate body is further provided with two groups of side reinforcement ridges which are respectively located on the outer sides of the mounting seat in a one-to-one correspondence, and the two groups of side reinforcement ridges are symmetrically located on both sides of the center axis of the vehicle body.

[0014] The utility model also provides a vehicle, which comprises a reinforcement plate installation structure in a bumper.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the scheme shown in the embodiment of the present application provides a bumper middle reinforcement plate mounting structure, which realizes a reliable connection between the middle reinforcement plate body and the bumper upper body by providing a connecting portion protruding toward one side of the bumper upper body on the middle reinforcement plate body, and forms an avoidance gap between the two, thereby preventing the bumper upper body from bulging due to deformation when the mounting seat is subjected to a large gravity, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the bumper upper body and improving the refinement of the entire vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the reinforcement plate installation structure in the bumper provided by the embodiment of the utility model (including the bumper upper body and the air intake grille);

[0018] Figure 2For the utility model embodiment Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure from another angle;

[0019] Figure 3 For the utility model embodiment Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of the center bumper upper body and the center reinforcement plate body;

[0020] Figure 4 For the utility model embodiment Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle reinforcing plate body at another angle;

[0021] Figure 5 For the utility model embodiment Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle reinforcing plate body at another angle.

[0022] Among them, the reference numerals in the figure are:

[0023] 1. Middle reinforcement plate body; 11. Avoidance gap; 12. Middle reinforcement rib; 13. Side reinforcement rib; 2. Mounting seat; 21. Lower support seat; 22. Side reinforcement seat; 3. Bumper upper body; 4. Top reinforcement platform; 5. Upper connecting seat; 6. Connecting rib; 61. Reinforcement rib; 7. Inner connecting seat; 8. Air intake grille; 81. Matching seat. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0025] In the claims, specification and the above-mentioned drawings of the present utility model, the terms "front" and "rear" are the same as the front-to-back direction of the vehicle body, "left" and "right" are the same as the left-to-right direction of the vehicle body, and "up" and "down" are the same as the up-down direction of the vehicle body; the term "inside" refers to the direction toward the central axis of the vehicle body, and the term "outside" refers to the direction away from the central axis of the vehicle body, wherein the central axis of the vehicle body is parallel to the front-to-back direction of the vehicle body. The remaining directional words, unless otherwise clearly defined, such as the use of the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "horizontal", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "high", "low" and the like to indicate the direction or position relationship are based on the direction and position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction, so they cannot be understood as limiting the specific protection scope of the present utility model.

[0026] Please also read Figures 1 to 5The bumper middle reinforcement plate installation structure and the vehicle provided by the utility model are now described. The bumper middle reinforcement plate installation structure includes a middle reinforcement plate body 1, on which a mounting seat 2 and a connecting portion are provided. The mounting seat 2 extends toward the inner side of the vehicle body and is connected to the anti-collision beam. The connecting portion is protruded toward one side of the bumper upper body 3 and is located at the periphery of the mounting seat 2. The connecting portion is connected to the bumper upper body 3 and is used to form an avoidance gap 11 between the middle reinforcement plate body 1 and the bumper upper body 3.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the bumper middle reinforcement plate installation structure provided in the present embodiment realizes a reliable connection between the middle reinforcement plate body 1 and the bumper upper body 3 by providing a connecting portion protruding toward one side of the bumper upper body 3 on the middle reinforcement plate body 1, and forms an avoidance gap 11 therebetween to avoid bulging of the bumper upper body 3 caused by deformation when the mounting seat 2 is subjected to a large gravity, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the bumper upper body 3 and improving the refinement of the entire vehicle.

[0028] In this embodiment, one or more mounting seats 2 are provided on the center reinforcement plate body 1, which are used to connect with the sheet metal bracket on the anti-collision beam. Specifically, two mounting seats 2 are provided, and the two mounting seats 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the center axis of the vehicle body, so as to effectively disperse the gravity of the bumper upper body 3 and reduce the gravity on a single mounting seat 2.

[0029] In actual installation, the avoidance gap 11 is set to 8mm-12mm. Correspondingly, the height of the protrusion of the connection part should meet the setting requirements of the avoidance gap 11 to ensure the formation effect of the avoidance gap 11, so as to meet the overall modal requirements of the bumper. The above structural setting method can solve the problem of reduced installation points caused by different configurations of the same model (the vehicle has two forms of laser radar bracket and no laser radar bracket due to whether it is equipped with laser radar), realize the universality of the structure, and avoid the increase of R&D costs caused by newly developed parts.

[0030] Specifically, the connecting portion can be in the form of multiple strip-shaped or seat-shaped protrusion structures distributed on the periphery of the mounting seat 2, or in the form of a ring-shaped extending protrusion structure arranged on the periphery of the mounting seat 2, or in the form of strip-shaped or seat-shaped protrusion structures arranged on the left and right sides or the upper and lower sides of the mounting seat 2, or in other forms that can form an avoidance gap 11.

[0031] In some possible implementations, the reinforcing plate body 1 in the above features is adopted as follows Figures 4 to 5 See the structure shown. Figures 1 to 5 A lower support seat 21 supported under the mounting seat 2 is provided on the middle reinforcing plate body 1. A plurality of lower support seats 21 are provided under the mounting seat 2, and the plurality of lower support seats 21 are spaced apart in the width direction of the vehicle body.

[0032] In this embodiment, the lower support seat 21 arranged below the middle reinforcing plate body 1 can provide support for the mounting seat 2. When the mounting seat 2 is subjected to gravity, the lower support seat 21 can disperse the above gravity, which is convenient for assisting the mounting seat 2 to provide support and realize effective dispersion of gravity. It effectively avoids structural deformation caused by excessive local force on the mounting seat 2, forms effective protection for the mounting seat 2, avoids the middle reinforcing plate body 1 from bulging toward the side of the bumper upper body 3, and ensures the structural stability of the bumper upper body 3.

[0033] Specifically, the number of lower supporting seats 21 disposed under the same mounting seat 2 is set according to the width dimension of the mounting seat 2, and can be one or more, and two are provided in the figure.

[0034] On this basis, see Figures 4 to 5 The middle reinforcing plate body 1 is also provided with two side reinforcing seats 22 corresponding to each other on both sides of the mounting seat 2. The side reinforcing seats 22 extend toward the inside of the vehicle body, and the height of the extended ends of the side reinforcing seats 22 gradually decreases. The side reinforcing seats 22 are located on the side of the mounting seat 2, and can form a structural reinforcement effect on both sides of the mounting seat 2, so that the mounting seat 2 has good structural stability.

[0035] The mounting seat 2 protrudes forward from the side reinforcement seat 22, ensuring that the front end of the mounting seat 2 can be connected to the sheet metal bracket on the anti-collision beam to ensure the reliability of the connection. The height of the extended end of the side reinforcement seat 22 gradually decreases, which is convenient for structural molding, and helps to reduce material consumption while meeting the requirements of structural reinforcement.

[0036] The lower support seat 21 and the side reinforcement seat 22 are respectively integrally formed on the middle reinforcement plate body 1, and a concave cavity structure is formed on one side of the middle reinforcement plate body 1 close to the bumper upper body 3, which improves the structural strength of the middle reinforcement plate body 1 and the adjacent position of the mounting seat 2 without increasing material consumption.

[0037] In some possible implementations, the reinforcing plate body 1 in the above features is adopted as follows Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 See the structure shown. Figure 1 , Figures 2 to 4 A top reinforcing platform 4 is also provided on the middle reinforcing plate body 1 and is located above the mounting seat 2 . The top reinforcing platform 4 is protruded toward a side close to the mounting seat 2 .

[0038] In this embodiment, a top reinforcement platform 4 is provided above the mounting seat 2 to achieve structural reinforcement of the top position of the center reinforcement plate body 1, thereby improving the ability of the center reinforcement plate body 1 to resist deformation when the mounting seat 2 is subjected to gravity, thereby minimizing deformation of the center reinforcement plate body 1 and preventing it from affecting the bumper upper body 3.

[0039] Specifically, the top reinforcement platform 4 is protruded toward the side close to the mounting seat 2, that is, it is protruded downward. The top reinforcement platform 4 is integrally formed on the middle reinforcement plate body 1, and a concave cavity structure is formed on the side of the middle reinforcement plate body 1 close to the bumper upper body 3. Under the premise of not increasing material consumption, the top structural strength of the middle reinforcement plate body 1 is improved.

[0040] In some possible implementations, the reinforcing plate body 1 in the above features is adopted as follows Figures 1 to 5 See the structure shown. Figures 1 to 5 A plurality of upper connecting seats 5 connected to the upper body 3 of the bumper are provided on the upper edge of the middle reinforcing plate body 1. The upper connecting seats 5 are used to form a connecting portion. The upper connecting seats 5 are connected to the upper body 3 of the bumper through a first connecting member.

[0041] In this embodiment, a connection portion is formed by setting an upper connection seat 5 protruding upward at the upper edge of the middle reinforcing plate body 1, and the top surface of the upper connection seat 5 is in contact with the inner top surface of the bumper upper body 3, and a reliable connection is made through a first connection member. The first connection member is a bolt, a screw or other connection member. The rear edge of the bumper upper body 3 is provided with a plate-shaped or table-shaped connection structure corresponding to the upper connection seat 5, which can be connected and locked through the first connection member.

[0042] In some embodiments, the reinforcing plate body 1 in the above-mentioned features can be adopted as follows Figure 2 See the structure shown. Figure 2 The lower part of the middle reinforcing plate body 1 is provided with a connecting ridge 6 which is protruded toward one side of the bumper upper body 3 and extends along the width direction of the vehicle body. The connecting ridge 6 is used to form a connecting portion. The connecting ridge 6 is provided with an inner connecting seat 7 which protrudes toward the inner side of the vehicle body. The inner connecting seat 7 is connected to the air intake grille 8 through a second connecting member.

[0043] In the present embodiment, the middle reinforcing plate body 1 is connected to the bumper upper body 3 through the upper connecting seat 5 at the upper part, and a connecting ridge 6 is further provided at the lower part. The connecting ridge 6 can form a connecting portion in contact with the bumper upper body 3. The connecting ridge 6 is effectively fitted with the inner wall of the bumper upper body 3 to effectively define the position of the middle reinforcing plate body 1, thereby forming an avoidance gap 11 between the middle reinforcing plate body 1 and the bumper upper body 3, thereby preventing the structural deformation of the middle reinforcing plate body 1 from affecting the bumper upper body 3, thereby ensuring the aesthetic appearance of the bumper upper body 3.

[0044] Specifically, the connecting convex strip 6 extends in the width direction of the vehicle body, which helps to increase the contact area with the inner wall of the bumper upper body 3, ensures that the size of the avoidance gap 11 remains stable, and improves the structural stability of the bumper upper body 3.

[0045] On this basis, an inner connecting seat 7 is provided on the connecting ridge 6, and a matching seat 81 corresponding to the inner connecting seat 7 and used to accommodate the inner connecting seat 7 is provided on the air inlet grille 8. The inner connecting seat 7 is connected to the air inlet grille 8 through a second connecting member, so that the bumper upper body 3 and the air inlet grille 8 form a reliable connection.

[0046] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned characteristic connecting ridge 6 can be adopted as follows Figure 2 and Figure 4 See the structure shown. Figure 2 and Figure 4 A plurality of reinforcing ribs 61 are provided on the side of the connecting convex strip 6 close to the inner side of the vehicle body, the upper edge of the reinforcing rib 61 is connected to the top wall of the cavity of the connecting convex strip 6, and the lower edge of the reinforcing rib 61 is connected to the side wall of the cavity of the connecting convex strip 6. The reinforcing rib 61 can enhance the structural strength of the connecting convex strip 6, form a supporting effect on the inner cavity area of ​​the connecting convex strip 6, improve the ability of the middle reinforcing plate body 1 to resist deformation, and help to improve the force bearing capacity of the mounting seat 2.

[0047] In some possible implementations, the reinforcing plate body 1 in the above features is adopted as follows Figures 4 to 5 See the structure shown. Figures 4 to 5 The middle part of the middle reinforcing plate body 1 is provided with a middle reinforcing convex strip 12 protruding toward the inner side of the vehicle body. The middle reinforcing convex strips 12 are provided in a plurality and extend in the up and down directions respectively. The middle reinforcing convex strips 12 provided on the middle reinforcing plate body 1 can form a structural reinforcement effect on the middle reinforcing plate body 1, and prevent the mounting seat 2 from bearing gravity and causing the structural deformation of the middle reinforcing body.

[0048] The width of the middle reinforcing ridge 12 varies according to the width of the vehicle body, and the width of the middle reinforcing ridge 12 gradually decreases from bottom to top to adapt to the trend of the width of the upper part of the vehicle gradually decreasing.

[0049] On the basis of the above structure, the middle reinforcing plate body 1 is further provided with two groups of side reinforcing ridges 13 respectively corresponding to each other on the outside of the mounting seat 2, and the two groups of side reinforcing ridges 13 are symmetrically located on both sides of the center axis of the vehicle body. The side reinforcing ridges 13 can structurally reinforce the two sides of the middle reinforcing plate body 1, so as to improve the load-bearing capacity of the mounting seat 2 and avoid structural deformation of the middle reinforcing plate body 1.

[0050] Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the present application further provides a vehicle, which includes a bumper middle reinforcement plate mounting structure. The vehicle achieves a reliable connection between the middle reinforcement plate body 1 and the bumper upper body 3 by providing a connecting portion protruding toward one side of the bumper upper body 3 on the middle reinforcement plate body 1, and forms an avoidance gap 11 between the two, thereby preventing the bumper upper body 3 from bulging due to deformation when the mounting seat 2 is subjected to a large gravity, thereby ensuring the structural stability of the bumper upper body 3 and improving the refinement of the entire vehicle.

[0051] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The reinforcement plate installation structure in the bumper is characterized by: The invention comprises a middle reinforcing plate body (1), wherein a mounting seat (2) and a connecting portion are provided on the middle reinforcing plate body (1), wherein the mounting seat (2) extends toward the inner side of the vehicle body and is connected to the anti-collision beam, wherein the connecting portion is protruded toward one side of the bumper upper body (3) and is located at the periphery of the mounting seat (2), wherein the connecting portion is connected to the bumper upper body (3) and is used to form an avoidance gap (11) between the middle reinforcing plate body (1) and the bumper upper body (3).

2. The bumper reinforcement plate mounting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle reinforcing plate body (1) is provided with a lower support seat (21) supported below the mounting seat (2), and a plurality of the lower support seats (21) are provided below the mounting seat (2), and the plurality of the lower support seats (21) are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the vehicle body.

3. The bumper reinforcement plate mounting structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The middle reinforcing plate body (1) is also provided with two side reinforcing seats (22) which are located on both sides of the mounting seat (2) in a one-to-one correspondence. The side reinforcing seats (22) extend toward the inside of the vehicle body, and the height of the extended ends of the side reinforcing seats (22) gradually decreases.

4. The bumper reinforcement plate mounting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle reinforcing plate body (1) is also provided with a top reinforcing platform (4) located above the mounting seat (2), and the top reinforcing platform (4) is protruding toward a side close to the mounting seat (2).

5. The bumper reinforcement plate mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The upper edge of the middle reinforcing plate body (1) is provided with a plurality of upper connecting seats (5) connected to the bumper upper body (3); the upper connecting seats (5) are used to form the connecting portion; the upper connecting seats (5) are connected to the bumper upper body (3) via a first connecting member.

6. The bumper reinforcement plate mounting structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower part of the middle reinforcing plate body (1) is provided with a connecting convex strip (6) protruding toward one side of the bumper upper body (3) and extending in the width direction of the vehicle body. The connecting convex strip (6) is used to form the connecting portion. The connecting convex strip (6) is provided with an inner connecting seat (7) protruding toward the inner side of the vehicle body. The inner connecting seat (7) is connected to the air intake grille (8) via a second connecting member.

7. The bumper reinforcement plate mounting structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of reinforcing ribs (61) are provided on a side of the connecting convex strip (6) close to the inner side of the vehicle body, the upper edge of the reinforcing rib (61) is connected to the top wall of the cavity of the connecting convex strip (6), and the lower edge of the reinforcing rib (61) is connected to the side wall of the cavity of the connecting convex strip (6).

8. The bumper reinforcement plate mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: A middle reinforcing convex strip (12) protruding toward the inside of the vehicle body is provided in the middle of the middle reinforcing plate body (1), and a plurality of the middle reinforcing convex strips (12) are provided and extend in the up-down direction respectively.

9. The bumper reinforcement plate mounting structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The middle reinforcing plate body (1) is also provided with two groups of side reinforcing convex strips (13) which are respectively located on the outside of the mounting seat (2) in a one-to-one correspondence, and the two groups of side reinforcing convex strips (13) are symmetrically located on both sides of the center axis of the vehicle body.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises the bumper reinforcement plate mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.