Multi-dimensional explosion effect evaluation sensor
By integrating 5 pressure cores into a hexahedral structure and equipped with a multi-dimensional explosion effect evaluation sensor, the problems of low integration, poor signal synchronization and high cost of explosion effect evaluation methods in closed environments are solved, and data acquisition with high integration, low cost and high accuracy are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202323555474.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-12-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-28
- Estimated Expiration
- 2033-12-26
AI Technical Summary
The existing methods for evaluating explosion effect in closed environments have problems such as low integration, poor signal synchronization and high cost, resulting in wasted space, difficulty in wiring, inaccurate or lost data acquisition, and high cost per test.
A multi-dimensional explosion effect evaluation sensor was designed. By integrating five pressure cores on five surfaces of the hexahedral structure and equipped with an independent master chip for data acquisition, the sensor is achieved with high integration and synchronous data acquisition.
It realizes high integration of sensors, reduces installation and wiring difficulty, reduces cost, and improves the synchronization and accuracy of data acquisition, and can more effectively evaluate the multi-dimensional explosion effect.
Smart Images
Figure CN222544893U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to a multi-dimensional explosion effect evaluation sensor, in particular to a sensor device used for explosion effect evaluation in a closed environment. Background Art
[0002] When an explosion occurs in a closed environment, the shock wave of the explosion spreads rapidly from the explosion source to the surrounding space. During the diffusion process, the shock pressure gradually weakens. In the test of armor-piercing projectile penetration, fire extinguishing and explosion suppression, the explosion effect in the cabin needs to be accurately evaluated. The current evaluation method is to place a total of 20 pressure sensors in all directions to collect the pressure generated by the shock waves coming from their respective directions through the measurement and control system. At present, this method can complete the evaluation of the explosion effect, but it has obvious shortcomings: first, the integration is not high, and the direct impact of this is the waste of space inside the cabin. More pressure sensors need to occupy the installation position, which invisibly squeezes the space of other key sensors. At the same time, due to the scattered installation, there are more and more scattered cables, which brings great difficulties to wiring; second, the signal synchronization is poor: because it is necessary to collect the data of each pressure sensor at an interval of 0.5 milliseconds within 200 milliseconds, at a uniform speed and synchronously, it brings great time overhead to the measurement and control device, resulting in inaccurate or lost data collection of some pressure sensors; third, the cost is high: because all cabin components in this test are consumables, the cost of 20 dispersed pressure transmitters in each test is quite high.
[0003] Based on the above reasons, there is an urgent need to develop a highly integrated, low-cost, multi-dimensional explosion effect assessment sensor. Utility Model Content
[0004] The multi-dimensional explosion effect evaluation sensor of the utility model integrates 5 pressure cores into five faces of the hexahedral structure, and has an independent main control chip inside to complete data collection. In this way, a set of fire extinguishing and explosion suppression test system only needs 4 of the sensors to complete the work of the original 20 separate pressure sensors. Due to the high integration, its installation and wiring are relatively convenient, and the cost is greatly reduced. At the same time, since the 5 pressure cores complete data collection by one main control chip, the time overhead of its measurement and control system is greatly reduced.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is: the multi-dimensional explosion effect evaluation sensor includes a housing, a terminal block, a pressure core, a main control circuit board, a pressure core circuit board, a lithium-ion rechargeable battery, a switch indication module, and a charging port. The main control circuit board integrates the main control chip and the peripheral storage module, the communication module, the battery module, and the power conversion circuit; the switch indication module integrates the switch and the indicator light; the pressure core circuit board integrates the constant current source circuit and the signal amplification circuit for driving the pressure core; the terminal block is a seven-core head, with RS485 communication occupying two cores, the synchronization signal occupying two cores, the common ground line occupying one core, and the remaining two cores being reserved. After the switch is turned on, the indicator light flashes, and the main control chip inside the sensor housing runs the program autonomously, collecting the power data of the 5 pressure cores and the lithium-ion rechargeable battery in rotation, completing the communication between the measurement and control system and it. When the synchronization signal arrives, the main control chip immediately starts data collection, and autonomously completes the collection of 400 sets of data within 200 milliseconds at a speed of 0.5 milliseconds. These 400 sets of data include 400 data sensed by each pressure core, a total of 2000 data. After the collection is completed, these 2000 data are stored and wait until the measurement and control system reads these data through the RS485 terminal, after which the main control chip stops working.
[0006] Beneficial effects of the utility model:
[0007] The sensor device provided by the utility model has low cost, simple structure, stable performance, easy installation and wiring, convenient data acquisition and synchronization, and can provide more accurate data for multi-dimensional explosion effect evaluation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0009] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the shell of the utility model.
[0010] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the pressure core structure of the utility model.
[0011] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of a pressure core of the utility model.
[0012] Figure 5 It is the main control circuit diagram of the utility model.
[0013] Figure 6 This is a negative power supply generation circuit diagram of the utility model.
[0014] Figure 7 This is a power conversion circuit diagram of the utility model.
[0015] Figure 8 The utility model discloses a lithium ion rechargeable battery power collection circuit diagram.
[0016] Fig. 9 It is the RS485 communication circuit diagram of the utility model.
[0017] Fig.10 The utility model is a data storage circuit diagram.
[0018] Fig.11 The utility model is a program downloading circuit diagram.
[0019] Fig.12 It is an interface circuit diagram for communicating with the outside world of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
[0021] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The utility model is composed of five major components, namely, a cover plate 1, a shell 2, a main control circuit board 3, a lithium-ion rechargeable battery 4, and a pressure core circuit board 5. The cover plate 1 is provided with a charging port 11, a seven-core head 12, a mounting thread 13, a switch indication module 14, and a bolt 15. The shell 2 is provided with a pressure core 21 and connecting threaded holes 22 corresponding to the bolts 15 on the cover plate 1. There are five pressure cores 21 in total, which are respectively installed on five surfaces of the shell 2. The main control circuit board 3 and the lithium-ion rechargeable battery 4 are installed inside the shell 2. The pressure core circuit board 5 is installed on the pressure core 21. The capacity of the lithium-ion rechargeable battery is 2500mah, and the output voltage is +3.7V, which can maintain the continuous operation of the sensor for 15 hours. On the one hand, the main control circuit board 3 can collect data from the pressure core 21 and battery power data, and on the other hand, it can communicate with the measurement and control device to transmit data; the pressure core circuit board 5 can provide a driving signal for the pressure core 2); the switch indication module 14 is used to start or shut down the entire sensor device and give an indication of the working status; the charging port 11 can charge the lithium-ion rechargeable battery 4; the wiring terminals enable the main control circuit board 3 to communicate with other devices.
[0022] See also Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 :
[0023] like Figure 4 As shown, the pressure core circuit board 5 integrates 5 constant current sources ( Figure 4 I1, I2, I3, I4, I5) and 5 instrument amplifiers AD620 ( Figure 4 The constant current sources I1, I2, I3, I4, and I5 are respectively loaded on the bridges Ry1, Ry2, Ry3, Ry4, and Ry5 of the five pressure cores 21 (the pressure core adopts PC10), and the differential voltage output by the bridges enters the ports 2 and 3 of the instrument amplifiers U551, U552, U553, U554, and U555 respectively. The port 5 of the instrument amplifiers U551, U552, U553, U554, and U555 is grounded, the port 7 is connected to +3V, and the port 4 is connected to The negative power supply -3V, ports 1 and 8 are respectively connected to the two ends of resistors R511, R521, R531, R541, and R551 for setting the amplification factor of the instrument amplifier. Port 6 outputs voltages V1, V2, V3, V4, and V5 respectively. The voltage range of the output voltages V1, V2, V3, V4, and V5 is 0 to 2.5V. These five voltage signals are respectively connected to ports 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 of the main control chip U0 on the main control circuit board 3, and are converted into digital signals by the A / D converter inside the main control chip U0 to complete the pressure signal acquisition.
[0024] like Figure 5 As shown, the main control circuit board 3 integrates a main control circuit, a negative power generation circuit, a storage circuit, an RS485 communication circuit, a lithium-ion rechargeable battery power collection circuit, and a power conversion circuit.
[0025] U0 in the main control circuit is the main control chip, using STM32F103C6T6, its ports 1, 9, 24, 36, 48 are connected to +3V, ports 23, 35, 47 are connected to ground, port 44 is connected to ground through resistor R03, ports 5 and 6 are connected to the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1 respectively, the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1 are connected across resistor R01, and the two ends of crystal oscillator Y1 are also connected to one end of capacitor C01 and C02 respectively, and the other end of capacitor C01 and C02 is grounded, ports 18 and 19 of U0 are connected to the synchronization signals IN1 and IN2 input from the 3rd and 4th terminals of the seven-core head 12 respectively, ports 34 and 37 of U0 are connected to ports 2 and 3 of the program download interface JP10 respectively, to complete the program download work, port 1 of JP10 is connected to +3V, and port 4 is grounded, such as Fig.11 , 12 As shown. For other ports of the main control chip U0, see the connection instructions of each circuit below.
[0026] Figure 6 As shown, the negative power supply generating circuit is composed of chip U3 (using ICL7660), capacitor C30 and capacitor C31. Port 3 of chip U3 is grounded, port 8 is connected to +3V, and port 5 outputs negative power supply -3V. At the same time, this port is connected to the negative end of capacitor C31, the positive end of capacitor C31 is grounded, and the positive end of capacitor C30 is connected to port 2 of chip U3 and the negative end is connected to port 4.
[0027] Fig.10 As shown, the storage circuit is composed of chip U2 (using AT24C64) and resistors R21 and R22. Ports 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 of chip U2 are grounded, port 8 is connected to the power supply, port 6 is connected to one end of resistor R21, port 5 is connected to one end of resistor R22, and the other ends of resistors R21 and R22 are connected to +3V. Ports 5 and 6 are respectively connected to ports 26 and 27 of chip U0 on the main control circuit.
[0028] Fig. 9 As shown, the RS485 communication circuit is composed of chip U1 (using MAX3485), resistors R10, R11, R13, and R14. Port 5 of chip U1 is grounded, port 8 is connected to +3V, port 1 and port 4 are respectively connected to ports 31 and 30 of chip U0 on the main control circuit, ports 2 and 3 are short-circuited and connected to port 29 of the main control chip U0 on the main control circuit board 3, port 6 is pulled up to +3V through resistor R10 and connected to port 1 of the seven-core head through resistor R14, and port 7 is pulled down to ground through resistor R11 and connected to port 6 of the seven-core head through resistor R13.
[0029] Figure 8 As shown, the lithium-ion battery power acquisition circuit is composed of a chip U4 (using TLV2211), resistors R40, R41, R42, R43 and a capacitor C40. The resistors R41, R42 and R43 step down the power supply voltage VE, and after the step-down, the power supply voltage enters port 1 of the chip U4. A filter capacitor C40 is connected between ports 1 and 2 of the chip U4. Port 2 of the chip U4 is grounded, port 5 is connected to +3V, ports 3 and 4 are short-circuited to form a follower circuit, and port 4 outputs a voltage Vbat reflecting the power of the lithium-ion rechargeable battery (4) through resistor R40 and is connected to port 11 of the main control chip U0 of the main control circuit board 3. The power data acquisition is completed through the internal A / D converter of U0. The voltage range of Vbat is 0 to 2.5V.
[0030] like Figure 7As shown, the power conversion circuit is composed of a charging port 11, a lithium-ion rechargeable battery 4, a self-recovery PTC, capacitors C90, C91, CP0, CP1, a switch indicator 14, a chip Up (using XC6206), and a resistor RL. The switch indicator module 14 internally integrates a light-emitting diode D1 and a switch KEY, that is, the switch indication mode adopts a switch with a light-emitting diode. The positive electrode of the lithium-ion rechargeable battery 4 is connected to the positive electrode of the charging port 11 and one end of the self-recovery PTC, the negative electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the charging port 11 and grounded, and the other end of the self-recovery PTC is grounded. Connected to the positive end of filter capacitors C90 and C91 and connected to port 1 of switch indicator 14, port 2 of switch indicator 14 is connected to one end of resistor RL, the other end of resistor RL is connected to +3V, RL is the current limiting resistor of the indicator light, port 3 of switch indicator 14 is connected to port 20 of main control chip U0 for lighting the indicator light, port 4 of switch indicator 14 is connected to port 3 of chip Up, port 2 of chip Up is +3V power output end, port 1 is grounded, filter capacitors CP0 and CP1 are connected across ports 2 and 1 of chip Up, +3V is used to power main control chip U0 and peripheral components. Seven-core head 12 is used for main control circuit board 3 to communicate with the outside world, its RA and RB are RS485 signals, IN1 and IN2 are synchronization signals for measuring and controlling device to start data acquisition.
[0031] The working process of the utility model sensor device is as follows:
[0032] After the switch is pressed, the indicator light flashes, the main control circuit board 3 and the pressure core circuit board 5 start working, the internal program of the main control chip U0 runs, and the five pressure core 21 output voltage signals V1, V2, V3, V4, V5, the battery power Vbat are collected in time, and the measurement and control device is communicated. During the program running process, the status of the synchronization signals IN1 and IN2 sent from the outside is monitored in time. When both of them change from low level to high level at the same time, the single-chip microcomputer can start the collection of the five pressure core 21 output voltage signals V1, V2, V3, V4, V5 for a total of 200 milliseconds at an interval of 0.5 milliseconds. After the collection is completed, a total of 2000 data are stored in the storage chip U2, and then the measurement and control device is waited to read the 2000 data through the RS485 ports RA and RB. After the data upload is completed, the main control chip U0 can indicate that the established task has been completed and stop working.
[0033] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible implementation methods of the utility model. They are not intended to limit the protection scope of the utility model. All equivalent methods or changes that do not deviate from the technology of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. Multi-dimensional explosion effect assessment sensor, characterized in that: include: A cover plate (1) and a shell (2), a wiring terminal, a pressure core (21), a main control circuit board (3), a pressure core circuit board (5), a lithium ion rechargeable battery (4), a switch indication module (14), and a charging port (11); the shell (2) comprises five surfaces, and can be installed with the cover plate (1) to form a closed integrated structure; the pressure core (21) is installed on the five surfaces of the shell (2) respectively; the main control circuit board (3) and the lithium ion rechargeable battery (4) are installed inside the shell (2); the wiring terminal, the switch indication module (14) and the charging port (11) are all arranged on the cover plate ( 1); the pressure core circuit board (5) is installed on the pressure core (21); the main control circuit board (3) can collect data of the pressure core (21) and battery power data on the one hand, and can communicate with the measurement and control device to transmit data on the other hand; the pressure core circuit board (5) can provide a driving signal for the pressure core (21); the switch indication module (14) is used to start or shut down the entire sensor device and give an indication of the working status; the charging port (11) can charge the lithium-ion rechargeable battery (4); the wiring terminal enables the main control circuit board (3) to communicate with other devices.
2. The multi-dimensional explosion effect assessment sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate (1) and the shell (2) are packaged into a hexahedral structure, and the cover plate (1) and the shell (2) are fixed by bolts and threads.
3. The multi-dimensional explosion effect assessment sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wiring terminal is a seven-core head (12), two cores are occupied by RS485 communication, two cores are occupied by synchronization signals, one core is occupied by a common ground line, and the remaining two cores are reserved.
4. The multi-dimensional explosion effect assessment sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main control circuit board (3) integrates a main control chip, a negative power generation circuit, a storage circuit, an RS485 communication circuit, a lithium-ion rechargeable battery power collection circuit, and a power conversion circuit; The main control chip adopts STM32F103C6T6, and its ports 1, 9, 24, 36, and 48 are connected to +3V, ports 23, 35, and 47 are connected to the ground, and port 44 is connected to the ground through a resistor R03. Ports 5 and 6 are respectively connected to the two ends of the crystal oscillator Y1, and the two ends of the crystal oscillator Y1 are bridged by a resistor R01. At the same time, the two ends of the crystal oscillator Y1 are also respectively connected to one end of the capacitors C01 and C02, and the other ends of the capacitors C01 and C02 are grounded. Ports 18 and 19 of the main control chip U0 are respectively connected to the synchronization signals IN1 and IN2 input by the 3rd and 4th terminals of the seven-core head 12, and ports 34 and 37 of the main control chip U0 are respectively connected to ports 2 and 3 of the program download interface JP10 to complete the program download work. Port 1 of JP10 is connected to +3V, and port 4 is grounded; The negative power generation circuit is composed of chip U3, capacitor C30 and capacitor C31. Port 3 of chip U3 is grounded, port 8 is connected to +3V, port 5 outputs negative power -3V, and this port is connected to the negative end of capacitor C31, the positive end of capacitor C31 is grounded, the positive end of capacitor C30 is connected to port 2 of chip U3 and the negative end is connected to port 4; The storage circuit is composed of chip U2 and resistors R21 and R22. Ports 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 of chip U2 are grounded, port 8 is connected to the power supply, port 6 is connected to one end of resistor R21, port 5 is connected to one end of resistor R22, the other ends of resistors R21 and R22 are connected to +3V, and ports 5 and 6 are respectively connected to ports 26 and 27 of chip U0 on the main control circuit; The RS485 communication circuit is composed of a chip U1, resistors R10, R11, R13, and R14. Port 5 of the chip U1 is grounded, port 8 is connected to +3V, port 1 and port 4 are respectively connected to ports 31 and 30 of the main control chip U0, ports 2 and 3 are short-circuited and connected to port 29 of the main control chip U0 on the main control circuit board (3), port 6 is pulled up to +3V through resistor R10 and connected to port 1 of the seven-core connector through resistor R14, port 7 is pulled down to ground through resistor R11 and connected to port 6 of the seven-core connector through resistor R13; The lithium-ion battery power acquisition circuit is composed of a chip U4, resistors R40, R41, R42, R43 and a capacitor C40. The resistors R41, R42 and R43 step down the power supply voltage VE, and after the step down, the power supply voltage enters port 1 of the chip U4. A filter capacitor C40 is connected between ports 1 and 2 of the chip U4. Port 2 of the chip U4 is grounded, port 5 is connected to +3V, ports 3 and 4 are short-circuited to form a follower circuit, and port 4 outputs a voltage Vbat reflecting the power of the lithium-ion rechargeable battery (4) through resistor R40 and is connected to port 11 of the main control chip U0 of the main control circuit board (3). The power data acquisition is completed through the internal A / D converter of the main control chip U0, and the voltage range of Vbat is 0 to 2.5V. The power conversion circuit is composed of a charging port (11), a lithium-ion rechargeable battery (4), a resettable PTC, capacitors C90, C91, CP0, CP1, a switch indication module (14), a chip Up, and a resistor RL. The positive electrode of the lithium-ion rechargeable battery (4) is connected to the positive electrode of the charging port (11) and one end of the resettable PTC, the negative electrode is connected to the negative electrode of the charging port (11) and is grounded, and the other end of the resettable PTC is connected to the positive ends of the filter capacitors C90 and C91 and is connected to the positive end of the switch indication module (14). Port 1, port 2 of the switch indication (14) is connected to one end of the resistor RL, the other end of the resistor RL is connected to +3V, RL is the current limiting resistor of the indicator light, port 3 of the switch indication (14) is connected to port 20 of the main control chip U0 for lighting the indicator light, port 4 of the switch indication (14) is connected to port 3 of the chip Up, port 2 of the chip Up is the +3V power output terminal, port 1 is grounded, filter capacitors CP0 and CP1 are connected across port 2 and port 1 of the chip Up, and +3V is used to power the main control chip U0 and peripheral components; Among them, U1 adopts the MAX3485 model, U2 adopts the AT24C64 model, U3 adopts the ICL7660 model, and U4 adopts the TLV2211 model.
5. The multi-dimensional explosion effect assessment sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The seven-core head (12) is used for the main control circuit board (3) to communicate with the outside world, wherein RA and RB are RS485 signals, and IN1 and IN2 are synchronization signals for the measurement and control device to start data collection.
6. The multi-dimensional explosion effect assessment sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure core circuit board (5) integrates constant current sources I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 and instrument amplifiers U551, U552, U553, U554, U555. The constant current sources I1, I2, I3, I4, I5 are respectively loaded on the bridges Ry1, Ry2, Ry3, Ry4, Ry5 of the five pressure cores 21. The differential voltage output by the bridges enters ports 2 and 3 of the instrument amplifiers U551, U552, U553, U554, U555 respectively. Ports 5 and 6 of the instrument amplifiers U551, U552, U553, U554, U555 are grounded. Port 7 is connected to +3V, port 4 is connected to a negative power supply -3V, ports 1 and 8 are respectively connected to the two ends of resistors R511, R521, R531, R541, and R551 for setting the amplification factor of the instrument amplifier, and port 6 outputs voltages V1, V2, V3, V4, and V5 respectively. The voltage range of the output voltages V1, V2, V3, V4, and V5 is 0 to 2.5V. These five voltage signals are respectively connected to ports 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 of the main control chip U0 on the main control circuit board (3), and are converted into digital signals by an A / D converter inside the main control chip U0 to complete the pressure signal acquisition.
7. The multi-dimensional explosion effect assessment sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring and controlling device receives the pressure data sent by the main control circuit board (3) and evaluates the explosion effect.
8. The multi-dimensional explosion effect assessment sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main control chip can complete the collection of 400 data for each pressure core within 200 milliseconds at a speed of 0.5 milliseconds, for a total of 2000 data.
9. The multi-dimensional explosion effect assessment sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The sensor device can use 4 sensors as a set during the fire extinguishing and explosion suppression test.