Air layer drag reduction ship

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of marine gas layer resistance reduction and discloses a gas layer resistance reduction ship which comprises a ship body, a gas layer resistance reduction device and a gas dredging device, the gas layer resistance reduction device is used for forming a resistance reduction gas layer on the bottom face of the ship body, and a gas dredging opening is formed in the end, close to a stern, of the bottom face of the ship body. The gas dredging device comprises a gas dredging cavity and an exhaust channel, and the gas dredging cavity is formed in the ship body and communicates with the gas dredging opening; one end of the exhaust channel is communicated with the air dredging cavity, and the other end of the exhaust channel penetrates through a deck of the ship body. The gas dredging device drains overflow gas of the drag reduction gas layer at the stern end of the ship body, so that the part of overflow gas passes through the gas dredging opening, the gas dredging cavity and the exhaust channel and then is guided to the deck to be exhausted, and the phenomenon that the overflow gas enters a propeller area to affect the performance of the propeller is avoided. The air dredging cavity and the exhaust channel are both arranged in the ship body, and resistance borne by the ship body in the sailing process cannot be increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of air layer drag reduction for ships, in particular to an air layer drag reduction ship. Background Art

[0002] Marine air layer drag reduction technology refers to the use of specially designed devices to ventilate the bottom of the ship to form and maintain an air layer at the bottom of the ship, isolating the bottom of the ship from the water, reducing the wet surface area, and significantly reducing ship resistance and fuel consumption. This technology is different from other more mature energy-saving devices in terms of mechanism and location, so it can be used in conjunction with other energy-saving devices. It is a new type of ship energy-saving and emission reduction technology with great potential.

[0003] When the ship is sailing forward, the air layer at the bottom of the ship moves relatively toward the stern. Due to the suction effect of the propeller, the gas may be sucked into the propeller area, reducing the propeller thrust. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide an air layer drag reduction ship, which can prevent the airflow at the bottom of the ship from being sucked into the propeller area to reduce the thrust of the propeller without increasing the movement resistance of the ship.

[0005] To achieve this purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] An air layer drag reduction ship comprises a hull and an air layer drag reduction device, wherein the air layer drag reduction device is arranged on the hull and is used to form a drag reduction air layer on the bottom surface of the hull, and an air outlet is arranged at one end of the bottom surface of the hull close to the stern;

[0007] The air layer drag reduction ship also includes a gas dredging device, and the gas dredging device includes:

[0008] An air vent cavity is provided in the hull, and the air vent cavity is communicated with the air vent port;

[0009] An exhaust passage is arranged in the hull, one end of the exhaust passage is communicated with the air vent cavity, and the other end passes through the deck of the hull.

[0010] As an optional solution of the above-mentioned air layer drag reduction ship, the hull includes:

[0011] bottom plate;

[0012] A skirt plate, the skirt plate is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom plate of the ship and connected end to end to form an air cavity;

[0013] The wedge-shaped flow guide is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom plate of the ship and is located in the air cavity at one end close to the stern of the ship. The wedge-shaped flow guide extends along the width direction of the hull, and the wedge-shaped surface of the wedge-shaped flow guide is arranged toward the bow of the ship.

[0014] As an optional solution for the above-mentioned air layer drag reduction ship, the wedge-shaped guide member is spaced apart from the skirt plate at at least one end along the width direction of the hull to form an air vent gap, and the air vent is located outside the air cavity and is arranged close to the air vent gap.

[0015] As an optional solution for the above-mentioned air layer drag reduction ship, the hull includes a bottom plate and an inner bottom plate located above the bottom plate, the air vent cavity is formed between the bottom plate and the inner bottom plate, and the air vent is arranged on the bottom plate.

[0016] As an optional solution for the above-mentioned air layer drag reduction ship, the gas clearing device also includes a gas venting box, and the gas venting box is arranged between the bottom plate and the inner bottom plate. The gas venting box and the bottom plate form the gas venting cavity.

[0017] As an optional solution for the above-mentioned air layer drag reduction ship, the exhaust channel is connected to the top of the air venting cavity.

[0018] As an optional solution for the above-mentioned air layer drag reduction ship, a ventilation grille is provided in the air vent.

[0019] As an optional solution for the above-mentioned air layer drag reduction ship, the gas clearing device also includes an air blowing pipe, one end of which is used to connect to the air source, and the other end is located in the air clearing cavity and faces the air permeable grille.

[0020] As an optional solution for the above-mentioned air layer drag reduction ship, an anti-marine organism electrode is provided on the inner wall of the air-relief cavity;

[0021] And / or, a sacrificial anode protection device is provided on the inner wall of the gas-venting cavity.

[0022] As an optional solution for the above-mentioned air layer drag reduction ship, a sand leakage hole connected to the air release cavity is provided on the bottom surface of the hull.

[0023] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0024] The air layer drag reduction ship provided by the utility model comprises a hull, an air layer drag reduction device and a gas dredging device. The air layer drag reduction device is used to form a drag reduction air layer on the bottom surface of the hull. An air vent is provided at one end of the bottom surface of the hull close to the stern. The gas dredging device comprises an air vent cavity and an exhaust channel. The air vent cavity is provided in the hull and is connected with the air vent. The exhaust channel is provided in the hull, one end of the exhaust channel is connected with the air vent cavity, and the other end passes through the deck of the hull. The gas dredging device guides the overflow gas of the drag reduction air layer at the stern end of the hull, so that the overflow gas passes through the air vent, the air vent cavity and the exhaust channel, and then is guided to the deck for discharge, so as to avoid the overflow gas from entering the propeller area and affecting the propeller performance, thereby increasing the energy-saving and drag reduction effect of the air layer drag reduction device as a whole.

[0025] The air vent cavity and the exhaust channel are both arranged inside the hull. No accessories will be added to the outer wall of the hull, and the resistance encountered by the hull during navigation will not be increased, thereby avoiding affecting the energy-saving and drag-reducing effect of the drag-reducing air layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the air layer drag reduction ship provided by the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a bottom view of the air layer drag reduction ship provided by the utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the air layer drag reduction ship provided by the utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the gas dredging device provided by the utility model.

[0030] In the figure:

[0031] 10. Hull; 11. Bottom plate; 111. Sand leakage hole; 12. Inner bottom plate; 13. Skirt plate; 14. Wedge-shaped guide piece; 20. Propeller; 30. Gas dredging device; 31. Air dredging box; 32. Exhaust channel; 33. Switch valve; 34. Air grille; 35. Anti-marine organism electrode; 36. Sacrificial anode protection device; 37. Air blowing pipe; 38. Pipe joint; 40. Air layer drag reduction device; 41. Pressure stabilizing chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0034] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0035] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc., are based on the directions or positions shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplified operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an air layer drag reduction ship, including a hull 10, a propeller 20 and an air layer drag reduction device 40. The air layer drag reduction device 40 is arranged on the hull 10, and the air layer drag reduction device 40 can form an air layer on the bottom surface of the hull 10, and the bottom surface of the ship is isolated from the water through the air layer, thereby reducing the wet surface area, and can significantly reduce the resistance of the ship and reduce fuel consumption. The propeller 20 is arranged at the stern end of the hull 10, and the propeller 20 can rotate under the drive of the power device to provide power for the movement of the ship.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, the air layer drag reduction device 40 includes a pressure stabilizing chamber 41, which is arranged at the bottom of the hull 10. The pressure stabilizing chamber 41 is connected to a jet hole, and the pressure stabilizing chamber 41 is used to connect to an air source. After the airflow provided by the air source enters the pressure stabilizing chamber 41, it flows steadily toward the bottom of the hull 10 through the jet hole to form and maintain a drag reduction air layer on the bottom surface of the hull 10.

[0038] Optionally, a plurality of pressure stabilizing chambers 41 may be provided, and the plurality of pressure stabilizing chambers 41 are arranged along the length direction of the hull 10 ( Figure 2 X direction), each pressure stabilizing chamber 41 is arranged along the width direction of the hull 10 ( Figure 2 This arrangement can increase the jetting position of the air layer drag reduction device 40, so that the air flow distribution at the bottom of the hull 10 is uniform, which is conducive to maintaining a stable drag reduction air layer.

[0039] In order to prevent the airflow diffusion at the bottom of the ship from causing unstable air layer, the hull 10 includes a bottom plate 11 and a skirt plate 13 arranged on the outer wall of the bottom plate 11. The skirt plates 13 are connected end to end to form an air pocket, and the pressure stabilizing chamber 41 is located in the area surrounded by the air pocket. The skirt plates 13 are arranged to form an air pocket, which is conducive to the airflow ejected from the jet hole to gather in the air pocket, slowing down the diffusion of the air layer, and maintaining the stability of the drag reduction air layer.

[0040] When the ship is sailing forward, the air layer at the bottom of the hull 10 moves toward the stern relative to the hull 10. Since the propeller 20 is arranged at the stern end of the hull 10, the gas may be sucked into the propeller area under the action of the propeller 20, reducing the thrust of the propeller 20.

[0041] To avoid such situations, the ship in this embodiment also includes a gas clearing device 30, which can guide the airflow at the bottom of the hull 10 near the stern to a designated position, thereby reducing the airflow sucked by the propeller 20 to increase the thrust of the propeller 20 and increase the efficiency of the air layer drag reduction device 40.

[0042] Specifically, a vent is provided at one end of the bottom surface of the hull 10 near the stern. The gas dredging device 30 includes a vent cavity and an exhaust channel 32. The vent cavity is provided in the hull 10 and is connected to the vent cavity; the exhaust channel 32 is provided in the hull 10, one end of the exhaust channel 32 is connected to the vent cavity, and the other end passes through the deck of the hull 10. By providing the gas dredging device 30, the overflow gas of the drag reduction gas layer at the stern end of the hull 10 is drained, so that the overflow gas passes through the vent, the vent cavity and the exhaust channel 32, and is then diverted to the deck for discharge, so as to avoid the overflow gas from entering the propeller area and affecting the performance of the propeller 20, thereby increasing the energy-saving and drag-reducing effect of the air layer drag reduction device 40 as a whole.

[0043] In this embodiment, the air vent cavity and the exhaust channel 32 are both arranged in the hull 10. No accessories will be added to the outer wall of the hull 10, and the resistance encountered by the hull 10 during navigation will not be increased, thereby avoiding affecting the energy-saving and drag-reducing effect of the drag-reducing air layer.

[0044] In order to prevent the air layer from flowing toward the propeller 20, a wedge-shaped flow guide 14 is further provided on the outer wall of the bottom plate 11. The wedge-shaped flow guide 14 is located at one end of the air cavity near the stern, and the wedge-shaped flow guide 14 extends along the width direction of the hull 10. The wedge-shaped surface of the wedge-shaped flow guide 14 is arranged toward the bow. By providing the wedge-shaped flow guide 14, the airflow can be blocked from flowing toward the stern to a certain extent, thereby preventing the airflow from being drawn into the propeller area.

[0045] In order to improve the dredging effect of the overflowing air flow and avoid affecting the stability of the air layer, the wedge-shaped guide member 14 is spaced apart from the skirt plate 13 at both ends along the width direction of the hull 10 to form an air venting gap, and the air vent is located outside the air cavity and is arranged close to the air venting gap.

[0046] When the air layer drag reduction device 40 continuously injects gas under the bottom plate 11, the gas will flow over the wedge-shaped guide member 14 toward the stern. At this time, the overflowing airflow will be concentrated and flow out from the air vent gaps at both ends of the wedge-shaped guide member 14, and the overflow area of ​​the airflow is relatively concentrated. By setting the air vent outside the air cavity and close to the air vent gap, the overflowing airflow can be easily passed through the air vent to enter the air vent cavity, and then discharged to the top of the deck through the exhaust channel 32, which avoids the overflowing airflow from affecting the propeller 20, and can also avoid the air vent affecting the stability of the drag reduction air layer.

[0047] like Figure 2 As shown, the air vent can be arranged on a side of the wedge-shaped guide member 14 close to the stern, so as to facilitate the overflow airflow flowing toward the stern to pass through the air vent.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the width of the air cavity gradually decreases near the stern, and the wedge-shaped guide member 14 is located at one end of the air cavity near the stern, which is beneficial to the concentration of the overflow area of ​​the airflow, thereby improving the guiding effect of the gas clearing device 30 on the overflowing airflow.

[0049] It should be noted here that, through experiments or numerical calculation methods, the coverage area and direction of gas overflow from both ends of the wedge-shaped guide member 14 can be clearly determined. The specific position and size of the air vent are designed according to the coverage area and direction, which can improve the dredging effect of the overflowing airflow.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the venting cavities at both ends of the wedge-shaped guide member 14 can be respectively located near the left and right sides of the hull 10. The exhaust passage 32 can extend upward from the venting cavity along the space on both sides of the hull 10 to the deck to avoid interfering with other structures in the hull 10.

[0051] The bottom plate 11 where the air vent is arranged has an upward curvature, which can guide the overflowing airflow to flow to the left and right sides of the hull 10 , and prevent the overflowing airflow that has not entered the air vent from being sucked by the propeller 20 .

[0052] Optionally, a switch valve 33 may be provided at one end of the exhaust channel 32 extending outside the deck, and the switch valve 33 is used to control the connection and disconnection of the exhaust channel 32 with the outside, so as to close the exhaust channel 32 when exhaust is not needed to avoid blockage of the exhaust channel 32.

[0053] In this embodiment, the hull 10 further includes an inner bottom plate 12 located above the bottom plate 11, a vent cavity is formed in the space between the bottom plate 11 and the inner bottom plate 12, and a vent hole is provided on the bottom plate 11. By providing the vent cavity between the inner bottom plate 12 and the bottom plate 11, the space inside the hull 10 can be reasonably utilized.

[0054] like Figure 4 As shown, the gas dredging device 30 also includes a vent box 31, which is arranged between the bottom plate 11 and the inner bottom plate 12, and the vent box 31 is covered on the inner wall of the bottom plate 11, so that the vent box 31 and the bottom plate 11 form a vent cavity. Optionally, a seal can be provided between the vent box 31 and the bottom plate 11 to seal the assembly gap between the vent box 31 and the bottom plate 11, so as to prevent gas or seawater entering the vent cavity from entering the cavity between the inner bottom plate 12 and the bottom plate 11 through the vent port.

[0055] Since the vent is provided on the bottom plate 11, seawater inevitably enters the vent cavity through the vent. In order to prevent seawater from entering the exhaust passage 32, the exhaust passage 32 is connected to the top of the vent cavity. Figure 4 As shown, a pipe joint 38 is provided on the top of the air venting box 31 , and the pipe joint 38 is used to connect with the exhaust passage 32 .

[0056] In order to prevent impurities such as sand in seawater or organisms from entering the vent cavity through the vent opening, a vent grille 34 is provided in the vent opening. The vent grille 34 includes a plurality of bars arranged horizontally and vertically to form a grid structure, which can filter and block impurities or organisms from entering the vent cavity.

[0057] In order to prevent the air grille 34 from being blocked by impurities such as sand, the gas dredging device 30 further includes an air blowing pipe 37, one end of which is used to connect to the air source, and the other end is located in the air dredging cavity and faces the air grille 34. By providing the air blowing pipe 37, air can be blown toward the air grille 34, so as to blow off the impurities such as sand attached to the air grille 34, thereby cleaning the air grille 34 and preventing the air grille 34 from being blocked, thereby ensuring the dredging effect of the overflowing airflow.

[0058] Optionally, the air blowing pipe 37 includes two pipe sections set at an angle. For the convenience of introduction, along the direction of air flow in the air blowing pipe 37, the two pipe sections are respectively the first pipe section and the second pipe section. The air blowing pipe 37 can rotate around the axis of the first pipe section to adjust the relative position of the pipe opening of the second pipe section and the air grille 34 to improve the cleaning effect of the air grille 34.

[0059] In some embodiments, the nozzle of the air blowing pipe 37 facing the air-permeable grille 34 can be a flat nozzle, which is beneficial to increase the pressure of the ejected gas and improve the cleaning effect on the one hand; on the other hand, it can increase the spray range, and cooperate with the rotation of the air blowing pipe 37 around the first pipe section to expand the cleaning area of ​​the air-permeable grille 34.

[0060] When the larvae of marine organisms enter the venting cavity through the air-permeable grille 34, they are likely to attach and grow on the inner wall of the venting cavity, which will affect the bulkhead. To solve the above problem, an anti-marine organism electrode 35 is provided on the inner wall of the venting cavity. The anti-marine organism electrode 35 can electrolyze seawater using a platinum-plated titanium electrode or a special electrode. Since seawater contains a large amount of salts mainly composed of sodium chloride, the sodium chloride content is the highest at about 2.7%, accounting for 10.9% of the total salinity. Among the composition of seawater, the chloride ion content is the highest, with a chlorine concentration of about 19%, accounting for 55% of the total ion content. After seawater is electrolyzed, sodium hypochlorite, hypochlorous acid and chlorine gas will be produced. These effective chlorines are strong oxidants that can kill the larvae and spores of marine organisms, thereby achieving the purpose of anti-pollution.

[0061] In order to prevent the degassing box 31 and the bottom plate 11 from being corroded by seawater, a sacrificial anode protection device 36 is provided on the inner wall of the degassing cavity. A metal with strong reducing property is used as a protective electrode to form a primary battery with the inner wall of the degassing cavity. The metal with strong reducing property will act as a negative electrode and undergo an oxidation reaction, thereby achieving the effect of protecting the inner wall of the degassing cavity from corrosion. The sacrificial anode protection device 36 is a conventional structure in the field of metal corrosion protection technology and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0062] In order to allow the impurities such as silt in the vent cavity to be discharged out of the vent cavity, a sand leakage hole 111 connected to the vent cavity is further provided on the bottom plate 11, and the silt in the vent cavity can be discharged through the sand leakage hole 111 under the action of gravity. The sand leakage hole 111 is located at the lowest point of the vent cavity to facilitate the silt to pass through the sand leakage hole 111 under the action of gravity. Optionally, the diameter of the sand leakage hole 111 can be 15-30mm, for example, 15mm, 16mm, 17mm, 18mm, 19mm, 20mm, 21mm, 22mm, 23mm, 24mm, 25mm, 26mm, 27mm, 28mm, 29mm or 30mm.

[0063] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all implementation methods here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air layer drag reduction ship, comprising a hull (10) and an air layer drag reduction device (40), wherein the air layer drag reduction device (40) is arranged on the hull (10) and is used to form a drag reduction air layer on the bottom surface of the hull (10), characterized in that: An air vent is provided at one end of the bottom surface of the hull (10) close to the stern; The air layer drag reduction ship further comprises a gas dredging device (30), wherein the gas dredging device (30) comprises: A vent cavity is provided in the hull (10), and the vent cavity is communicated with the vent port; An exhaust passage (32) is arranged in the hull (10); one end of the exhaust passage (32) is connected to the air vent cavity, and the other end passes through the deck of the hull (10).

2. The air layer drag reduction ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hull (10) comprises: Bottom plate(11); A skirt plate (13), the skirt plate (13) is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom plate (11) and connected end to end to form an air cavity; A wedge-shaped flow guide (14) is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom plate (11) and is located in the air cavity at one end close to the stern. The wedge-shaped flow guide (14) extends along the width direction of the hull (10), and the wedge-shaped surface of the wedge-shaped flow guide (14) is arranged toward the bow.

3. The air layer drag reduction ship according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least one end of the wedge-shaped flow guide (14) along the width direction of the hull (10) is spaced apart from the skirt plate (13) to form an air venting gap, and the air venting port is located outside the air cavity and is arranged close to the air venting gap.

4. The air layer drag reduction ship according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The hull (10) comprises a bottom plate (11) and an inner bottom plate (12) located above the bottom plate (11); the air vent cavity is formed between the bottom plate (11) and the inner bottom plate (12); and the air vent is arranged on the bottom plate (11).

5. The air layer drag reduction ship according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas dredging device (30) further comprises a gas dredging box (31), wherein the gas dredging box (31) is arranged between the bottom plate (11) and the inner bottom plate (12), and the gas dredging box (31) and the bottom plate (11) enclose the gas dredging cavity.

6. The air layer drag reduction ship according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The exhaust channel (32) is communicated with the top of the air release cavity.

7. The air layer drag reduction ship according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A ventilation grille (34) is arranged in the air vent.

8. The air layer drag reduction ship according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gas clearing device (30) further comprises an air blowing pipe (37), one end of which is used to connect to an air source, and the other end of which is located in the air clearing cavity and faces the air permeable grille (34).

9. The air layer drag reduction ship according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: An anti-marine organism electrode (35) is arranged on the inner wall of the gas-repelling cavity; And / or, a sacrificial anode protection device (36) is provided on the inner wall of the gas-venting cavity.

10. The air layer drag reduction ship according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A sand leakage hole (111) communicating with the air release cavity is provided on the bottom surface of the hull (10).

Images