Methanol reforming and electrolyzed water complementary hydrogen production system for balancing wind-solar power fluctuation

Abstract

The utility model discloses a methanol reforming and electrolyzed water complementary hydrogen production system capable of balancing wind-solar power fluctuation, which relates to the technical field of hydrogen production and comprises a water tank, the water tank is connected with electrolytic bath hydrogen production equipment through a first pipeline, and a first proportional valve and a first flowmeter are arranged on the first pipeline; the methanol fuel tank is connected with the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment through a second pipeline, and a second proportional valve and a second flow meter are arranged on the second pipeline; the two ends of the third pipeline are connected with the first pipeline and the second pipeline respectively, and a third proportional valve, a third flow meter and a first one-way valve are arranged on the third pipeline; and a hydrogen storage tank. According to the methanol reforming and electrolyzed water complementary hydrogen production system capable of balancing the wind-light power fluctuation, the electrolytic bath hydrogen production equipment and the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment are intelligently controlled to work cooperatively according to the input wind-light power fluctuation, so that the stable hydrogen output quantity is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, in particular to a methanol reforming and water electrolysis complementary hydrogen production system. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen is considered to be the most promising energy carrier to replace traditional fossil fuels, and hydrogen energy is gaining more and more attention. Traditional hydrogen production technology consumes a large amount of primary energy or raw materials and produces pollution such as carbon dioxide. If hydrogen is produced using renewable energy such as wind and solar power, it will have huge economic and environmental benefits.

[0003] The inherent randomness, seasonality and anti-peaking characteristics of renewable energy generation make wind power and photovoltaic power unevenly distributed and unstable in power generation, which brings certain difficulties to their grid connection and leads to serious wind and photovoltaic abandonment. Hydrogen energy is an ideal energy storage medium for a large number of wind and photovoltaic abandonment resources with uneven and intermittent characteristics. The use of hydrogen production technology to recover abandoned wind and photovoltaic power can not only effectively solve the problem of renewable energy consumption and grid connection stability in my country, but also use renewable energy to replace fossil fuels to produce hydrogen to reduce carbon emissions, which has huge environmental and economic benefits.

[0004] Since the power of a large amount of abandoned wind and solar power resources is prone to fluctuation and is uneven, the hydrogen production of the abandoned wind and solar power recovered through hydrogen production is also unstable, and a stable hydrogen supply cannot be guaranteed. For large-scale hydrogen-using sites, there is a stable hydrogen usage. If the hydrogen production fluctuates greatly, it cannot meet the usage demand.

[0005] At present, the mainstream hydrogen production process modes include coal gasification, methanol, water electrolysis, natural gas, etc., among which methanol and water electrolysis are convenient for using renewable energy such as wind and solar. Methanol hydrogen production includes methanol steam reforming, methanol cracking and methanol partial oxidation reforming, and methanol steam reforming is the most mature technology.

[0006] Compared with hydrogen production from water electrolysis, the unit hydrogen cost of methanol steam reforming is lower. It has been calculated that a set of 1000m 3 The hydrogen cost of methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment is no more than 2 yuan / m 3 , while the cost of hydrogen production by water electrolysis is about 4-6 yuan / m 3 Therefore, the energy consumption of hydrogen production by water electrolysis is about more than twice that of hydrogen production by methanol reforming.

[0007] Therefore, if only water electrolysis is used to produce hydrogen to absorb the discarded wind and solar power, when the discarded wind and solar power is not enough to supply high-power operation of water electrolysis to produce hydrogen, the amount of hydrogen produced will be small, which makes it difficult to meet the external hydrogen demand.

[0008] For example, the Chinese utility model patent with patent number 202121990680.8 discloses a wind-solar combined stable water electrolysis hydrogen production system, including: a water electrolysis hydrogen production device; a wind power generation unit and a photovoltaic power generation unit; the wind power generation unit is connected in series with the wind turbine side grid rectifier unit, and is electrically connected to the water electrolysis hydrogen production device through a first DC bus; the photovoltaic power generation unit is connected in series with the photovoltaic side grid rectifier unit, and is electrically connected to the water electrolysis hydrogen production device through a second DC bus; the wind power generation unit and the photovoltaic power generation unit are arranged in parallel. The wind-solar combined stable water electrolysis hydrogen production system of the utility model can ensure that the electrolysis hydrogen production device obtains a constant DC bus voltage by adjusting the voltage at both ends of the grid rectifier unit when there is a fluctuation in the DC side output voltage of the wind power generation unit or the photovoltaic power generation unit, thereby maintaining the constant voltage of the water electrolysis hydrogen production device when it is working, and maintaining a constant hydrogen production efficiency.

[0009] In addition, the Chinese invention patent with patent number 202210317616.6 discloses a wind and solar energy storage system that couples water electrolysis hydrogen production with oxygen-enriched combustion power generation, including a water electrolysis hydrogen and oxygen unit, a gas storage unit, and an oxygen-enriched combustion power generation unit. The present invention utilizes the complementarity of wind energy, solar energy, water electrolysis hydrogen production, and oxygen-enriched combustion power generation systems to better meet power supply needs while meeting environmental protection requirements; when the wind power and photovoltaic supply exceed the power supply demand, the present invention converts excess electricity into hydrogen and oxygen and stores them; when there is a power supply demand, hydrogen and oxygen enter the power generation unit to burn and generate electricity. It effectively recovers the abandoned wind and solar power while avoiding the consumption of fossil energy; the present invention can also improve the oxygen-enriched combustion unit by combining it with a cold source to obtain a higher power-to-electricity efficiency. The above patents all use water electrolysis hydrogen production devices to absorb the electricity of wind power generation units and photovoltaic power generation units.

[0010] Therefore, how to balance the fluctuations in wind and solar power and stably produce hydrogen is a technical problem that researchers need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0011] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a methanol reforming and water electrolysis complementary hydrogen production system that balances the fluctuations in wind and solar power to address the technical problem that the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment cannot produce hydrogen stably due to fluctuations in wind and solar power abandonment.

[0012] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0013] The methanol reforming and water electrolysis complementary hydrogen production system that balances the fluctuation of wind and solar power includes:

[0014] A water tank, wherein the water tank is connected to the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment through a first pipeline, and a first proportional valve and a first flow meter are provided on the first pipeline;

[0015] A methanol fuel tank, the methanol fuel tank is connected to the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment through a second pipeline, and a second proportional valve and a second flow meter are arranged on the second pipeline;

[0016] a third pipeline, wherein both ends of the third pipeline are connected to the first pipeline and the second pipeline respectively, and a third proportional valve, a third flow meter and a first check valve are arranged on the third pipeline;

[0017] The hydrogen storage tank, the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through a first hydrogen pipeline, and the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through a second hydrogen pipeline.

[0018] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the wind and solar power are sufficient, the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment is used to prepare hydrogen first, and the water pump and the first proportional valve are turned on at this time; when the wind and solar power are insufficient, the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment and the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment work together, and the water pump, the first proportional valve, the methanol pump, the second proportional valve and the third proportional valve are turned on. According to the level of wind and solar power, the opening of the second proportional valve and the third proportional valve is intelligently controlled to ensure the output of hydrogen; when the wind and solar power is lower, the water pump and the first proportional valve are turned off at this time, and the methanol pump, the second proportional valve and the third proportional valve are turned on, and hydrogen is only produced through the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment, and more hydrogen is produced with the lowest energy consumption. This technical scheme realizes precise control of flow by controlling the water pump, the methanol pump, the first proportional valve, the second proportional valve, the third proportional valve, etc., so as to balance the fluctuation of wind and solar power and output hydrogen stably and quantitatively.

[0019] Preferably, the flow direction of the first one-way valve is from the first pipeline to the second pipeline.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the first one-way valve allows water in the first pipeline to flow only to the second pipeline, while methanol in the second pipeline cannot flow to the first pipeline, thereby protecting the safety of the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment.

[0021] Preferably, a second one-way valve is provided on the first hydrogen pipeline, and the flow direction of the second one-way valve is from the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment to the hydrogen storage tank.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the second one-way valve allows the hydrogen in the first hydrogen pipeline to flow only to the hydrogen storage tank, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank will not flow back to the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment.

[0023] Preferably, a third one-way valve is provided on the second hydrogen pipeline, and the flow direction of the third one-way valve is from the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment to the hydrogen storage tank.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the third one-way valve allows the hydrogen in the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment to flow only to the hydrogen storage tank, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank will not flow back to the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment.

[0025] Preferably, a water pump is further included, and the water tank is connected to the first pipeline via the water pump.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the water pump is used to pump water in the water tank into the first pipeline and accurately control the amount of water input into the first pipeline.

[0027] Preferably, a methanol pump is further included, and the methanol fuel tank is connected to the second pipeline via the methanol pump.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the methanol pump is used to pump the methanol in the methanol fuel tank into the second pipeline and accurately control the amount of methanol input into the second pipeline.

[0029] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a methanol reforming and water electrolysis complementary hydrogen production system that balances the fluctuations in wind and solar power to address the technical problem that the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment cannot produce hydrogen stably due to fluctuations in wind and solar power abandonment.

[0030] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0031] The methanol reforming and water electrolysis complementary hydrogen production system that balances the fluctuation of wind and solar power includes:

[0032] A water tank, wherein the water tank is connected to the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment through a first pipeline, and a first proportional valve and a first flow meter are provided on the first pipeline;

[0033] A methanol fuel tank, the methanol fuel tank is connected to the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment through a second pipeline, and a second proportional valve and a second flow meter are arranged on the second pipeline;

[0034] a third pipeline, wherein both ends of the third pipeline are connected to the first pipeline and the second pipeline respectively, and a third proportional valve, a third flow meter and a first check valve are arranged on the third pipeline;

[0035] The hydrogen storage tank, the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through a first hydrogen pipeline, and the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through a second hydrogen pipeline.

[0036] By adopting the above technical scheme, when the wind and solar power are sufficient, the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment is used to prepare hydrogen first, and the water pump and the first proportional valve are turned on at this time; when the wind and solar power are insufficient, the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment and the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment work together, and the water pump, the first proportional valve, the methanol pump, the second proportional valve and the third proportional valve are turned on. According to the level of wind and solar power, the opening of the second proportional valve and the third proportional valve is intelligently controlled to ensure the output of hydrogen; when the wind and solar power is lower, the water pump and the first proportional valve are turned off at this time, and the methanol pump, the second proportional valve and the third proportional valve are turned on, and hydrogen is only produced through the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment, and more hydrogen is produced with the lowest energy consumption. This technical scheme realizes precise control of flow by controlling the water pump, the methanol pump, the first proportional valve, the second proportional valve, the third proportional valve, etc., so as to balance the fluctuation of wind and solar power and output hydrogen stably and quantitatively.

[0037] Preferably, the flow direction of the first one-way valve is from the first pipeline to the second pipeline.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, the first one-way valve allows water in the first pipeline to flow only to the second pipeline, while methanol in the second pipeline cannot flow to the first pipeline, thereby protecting the safety of the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment.

[0039] Preferably, a second one-way valve is provided on the first hydrogen pipeline, and the flow direction of the second one-way valve is from the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment to the hydrogen storage tank.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solution, the second one-way valve allows the hydrogen in the first hydrogen pipeline to flow only to the hydrogen storage tank, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank will not flow back to the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment.

[0041] Preferably, a third one-way valve is provided on the second hydrogen pipeline, and the flow direction of the third one-way valve is from the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment to the hydrogen storage tank.

[0042] By adopting the above technical solution, the third one-way valve allows the hydrogen in the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment to flow only to the hydrogen storage tank, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank will not flow back to the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment.

[0043] Preferably, a water pump is further included, and the water tank is connected to the first pipeline via the water pump.

[0044] By adopting the above technical solution, the water pump is used to pump water in the water tank into the first pipeline and accurately control the amount of water input into the first pipeline.

[0045] Preferably, a methanol pump is further included, and the methanol fuel tank is connected to the second pipeline via the methanol pump.

[0046] By adopting the above technical solution, the methanol pump is used to pump the methanol in the methanol fuel tank into the second pipeline and accurately control the amount of methanol input into the second pipeline. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 The utility model is a structural block diagram of the methanol reforming and water electrolysis complementary hydrogen production system.

[0048] Figure numerals: 10, water tank; 11, first pipeline; 12, electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment; 13, first proportional valve; 14, first flow meter; 15, water pump; 20, methanol fuel tank; 21, second pipeline; 22, methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment; 23, second proportional valve; 24, second flow meter; 25, methanol pump; 30, third pipeline; 31, third proportional valve; 32, third flow meter; 33, first check valve; 40, hydrogen storage tank; 41, first hydrogen pipeline; 42, second hydrogen pipeline; 43, second check valve; 44, third check valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0050] It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. This is only for the convenience of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0051] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances. Example

[0052] See also Figure 1As shown, the embodiment of the utility model provides a methanol reforming and water electrolysis complementary hydrogen production system for balancing the fluctuation of wind and solar power, including an electrolyzer hydrogen production device 12 and a methanol water vapor reforming hydrogen production device 22. The electrolyzer hydrogen production device 12 is a process of decomposing water into hydrogen and oxygen using electrical energy. When direct current is supplied to the electrolyzer hydrogen production device 12, water molecules undergo an electrochemical reaction on the electrodes and decompose into hydrogen and oxygen. At the anode, oxygen is released, and at the cathode, hydrogen is released. The methanol water vapor reforming hydrogen production device 22 is a process of using electrical energy to chemically react methanol with water vapor under the action of a catalyst to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide.

[0053] The electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment 12 is connected to the water tank 10 through the first pipeline 11. The water tank 10 is used to supply raw water to the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment 12. The first pipeline 11 is provided with a first proportional valve 13 and a first flow meter 14 for regulating the amount of water flowing into the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment 12.

[0054] The methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment 22 is connected to the methanol fuel tank 20 through the second pipeline 21. The methanol fuel tank 20 is used to supply methanol to the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment 22. The second pipeline 21 is provided with a second proportional valve 23 and a second flow meter 24 for regulating the amount of methanol flowing into the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment 22.

[0055] It also includes a third pipeline 30, both ends of which are connected to the first pipeline 11 and the second pipeline 21 respectively. The third pipeline 30 is used to transport the water in the first pipeline 11 to the second pipeline 21 to supply raw water to the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment 22. The third pipeline 30 is provided with a third proportional valve 31, a third flow meter 32 and a first check valve 33 for regulating the amount of water flowing into the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment 22.

[0056] The hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment 12 and the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment 22 is input into the hydrogen storage tank 40 through the hydrogen compressor. The hydrogen storage tank 40 is a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank with a hydrogen storage pressure of 350-700Bar. The electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment 12 is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 40 through the first hydrogen pipeline 41, and the hydrogen is input into the hydrogen storage tank 40 through the first hydrogen pipeline 41; the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment 22 is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 40 through the second hydrogen pipeline 42, and the hydrogen is input into the hydrogen storage tank 40 through the second hydrogen pipeline 42.

[0057] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods and protection scope of the present invention.

[0058] The utility model also has the following implementation methods based on the above:

[0059] In this embodiment, the flow direction of the first one-way valve 33 is from the first pipeline 11 to the second pipeline 21. The first one-way valve 33 allows the water in the first pipeline 11 to flow only to the second pipeline 21, while the methanol in the second pipeline 21 cannot flow to the first pipeline 11, thereby protecting the safety of the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment 12.

[0060] In addition, a second one-way valve 43 is provided on the first hydrogen pipeline 41. The flow direction of the second one-way valve 43 is from the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment 12 to the hydrogen storage tank 40. The second one-way valve 43 allows hydrogen to flow only from the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment 12 to the hydrogen storage tank 40, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 40 will not flow back to the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment 12.

[0061] In addition, a third one-way valve 44 is provided on the second hydrogen pipeline 42. The flow direction of the third one-way valve 44 is from the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment 22 to the hydrogen storage tank 40. The third one-way valve 44 allows hydrogen to flow only from the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment 22 to the hydrogen storage tank 40, and the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank 40 will not flow back to the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment 22.

[0062] It also includes a water pump 15 and a methanol pump 25. The water tank 10 is connected to the first pipeline 11 through the water pump 15. The water pump 15 is used to pump water in the water tank 10 into the first pipeline 11 and accurately control the amount of water input into the first pipeline 11; the methanol fuel tank 20 is connected to the second pipeline 21 through the methanol pump 25. The methanol pump 25 is used to pump methanol in the methanol fuel tank 20 into the second pipeline 21 and accurately control the amount of methanol input into the second pipeline 21.

[0063] Here is how this application works:

[0064] When the available wind and solar power is sufficient, only the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment 12 is used to produce hydrogen, and the water pump 15 and the first proportional valve 13 are turned on.

[0065] When the available wind and solar power is insufficient, the amount of hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment 12 alone is insufficient. At this time, the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment 12 and the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment 22 are started at the same time, and the water pump 15, the first proportional valve 13, the methanol pump 25, the second proportional valve 23 and the third proportional valve 31 are turned on. According to the size of the wind and solar power, the opening of the second proportional valve 23 and the third proportional valve 31 are intelligently controlled. The weaker the wind and solar power, the more electricity is delivered to the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment 22 to ensure the production of hydrogen.

[0066] When the available wind and solar power is very weak, the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment 12 and the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment 22 are started at the same time, and the amount of hydrogen produced is still insufficient. At this time, only the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment 22 is used, the water pump 15 and the first proportional valve 13 are turned off, and the methanol pump 25, the second proportional valve 23 and the third proportional valve 31 are turned on.

[0067] When there is no wind or solar power available, the power grid is used to supply power to the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment 12 and / or the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment 22 to produce hydrogen.

[0068] It should be noted that, in this article, the terms "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or apparatus.

[0069] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A methanol reforming and water electrolysis complementary hydrogen production system that balances wind and solar power fluctuations, characterized in that: include: A water tank (10), the water tank (10) being connected to the electrolyzer hydrogen production equipment (12) via a first pipeline (11), the first pipeline (11) being provided with a first proportional valve (13) and a first flow meter (14); A methanol fuel tank (20), the methanol fuel tank (20) being connected to a methanol steam reforming hydrogen production device (22) via a second pipeline (21), wherein a second proportional valve (23) and a second flow meter (24) are provided on the second pipeline (21); a third pipeline (30), wherein two ends of the third pipeline (30) are respectively connected to the first pipeline (11) and the second pipeline (21), and the third pipeline (30) is provided with a third proportional valve (31), a third flow meter (32) and a first check valve (33); A hydrogen storage tank (40), the electrolytic cell hydrogen production equipment (12) is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank (40) through a first hydrogen pipeline (41), and the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment (22) is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen storage tank (40) through a second hydrogen pipeline (42).

2. The methanol reforming and water electrolysis complementary hydrogen production system for balancing wind and solar power fluctuations according to claim 1 is characterized by: The flow direction of the first one-way valve (33) is from the first pipeline (11) to the second pipeline (21).

3. The methanol reforming and water electrolysis complementary hydrogen production system for balancing wind and solar power fluctuations according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A second one-way valve (43) is provided on the first hydrogen pipeline (41), and the flow direction of the second one-way valve (43) is from the electrolytic cell hydrogen production equipment (12) to the hydrogen storage tank (40).

4. The methanol reforming and water electrolysis complementary hydrogen production system for balancing wind and solar power fluctuations according to claim 1 is characterized by: The second hydrogen pipeline (42) is provided with a third one-way valve (44), and the flow direction of the third one-way valve (44) is from the methanol steam reforming hydrogen production equipment (22) to the hydrogen storage tank (40).

5. The methanol reforming and water electrolysis complementary hydrogen production system for balancing wind and solar power fluctuations according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also comprises a water pump (15), and the water tank (10) is connected to the first pipeline (11) via the water pump (15).

6. The methanol reforming and water electrolysis complementary hydrogen production system for balancing wind and solar power fluctuations according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes a methanol pump (25), and the methanol fuel tank (20) is connected to the second pipeline (21) via the methanol pump (25).

Images