Water body micro-plastic collection assembly and quantitative collection system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a water body micro-plastic collecting component and a quantitative collecting system, which comprise a sample barrel, a sampling barrel, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a water pump, a flow meter and a valve, a filter screen is arranged in the sample barrel, the sample barrel is assembled in the sampling barrel, a water inlet of the sample barrel is positioned in a water inlet connecting end of the sampling barrel, and a water outlet of the sampling barrel is positioned in a water outlet connecting end of the sampling barrel. The water outlet of the sample barrel is located in the water outlet connecting end of the sampling barrel, the water inlet connecting end is detachably connected with the water inlet pipe, and the water outlet connecting end is detachably connected with the water outlet pipe. The device is simple in structure, enables particles deposited on the filter screen and particles adhered in the sample barrel to be completely brought back to a test room, is simple and convenient to operate, obtains accurate sample amount, is combined with a water pump, a flow meter, a valve and the like to form a collection system, can calculate the water sample amount, and is beneficial to overall estimation of the content of micro-plastics in a water body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water sample collection, in particular to a water microplastic collection component and a quantitative collection system. Background Art

[0002] Microplastics are a major carrier of pollution. Plastic fragments and particles. In fact, the particle size of microplastics ranges from a few microns to a few millimeters. It is a mixture of non-uniform plastic particles with various shapes. It is often difficult to distinguish with the naked eye and is vividly called "PM2.5 in the sea". It is small in size and has a high specific surface area. The specific surface area refers to the surface area per unit mass of porous solid materials. The larger the specific surface area, the stronger the ability to adsorb pollutants. Therefore, microplastic particles that adsorb more pollutants will affect the nutritional diet, growth and development, reproduction and survival of organisms as they are passed through the food chain. In order to protect and repair the aquatic environment, it is particularly important to collect, detect and remove microplastics in water bodies.

[0003] Microplastics are widely distributed in water bodies, but their abundance is low. Commonly used collection devices are trawl nets and filter pumps.

[0004] The trawl method is currently the most commonly used method for collecting microplastics. To collect microplastics, a plankton net with an aperture range of 333μm-335μm is usually used. The net is dragged in the water for a certain distance, and the amount of enriched water is quantitatively calculated based on the size of the net mouth and the distance of the towing. The collected substances are then transferred to glass bottles for subsequent analysis. It has the following disadvantages: it is only a rough estimate of the volume of the collected water, and can only collect microplastics on the surface of the water, and cannot measure the microplastic content in water at different depths. Due to the low abundance of microplastics and the rough trawl net, when the trawl net is set up to collect microplastics on the trawl net, there is a risk of microplastics adhering to the trawl net and shaking off, which can easily cause errors. In particular, the water in the Yellow River contains a large amount of tiny sediment mixed in the trawl net. The microplastic data collected by the trawl method is very inaccurate.

[0005] For the filter pump method, the current filter pump, such as the Chinese patent document with authorization announcement number CN207689188U, discloses a microplastic collection system in seawater, including a flow meter and a filter connected to the flow meter, the filter is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet and an ultrasonic vibrator, the filter water inlet is connected to the flow meter, a detachable filter screen is provided between the filter housing and the ultrasonic vibrator, the channel between the housing and the filter screen is connected to the water inlet, the channel between the filter screen and the ultrasonic vibrator leads to the water outlet, and a valve is provided at the bottom of the housing. The filter outlet is connected to the backwash liquid container and the filtered water sample container. The water sample enters the shell through the water inlet, and then flows out from the water outlet after passing through the filter. The microplastics in the water sample will adhere to the shell. Although the method of use describes that it is necessary to wait until the required amount of water sample is filtered, open the valve, collect the sample, and at the same time, pour backwashing liquid from the water outlet, turn on the ultrasound, and the particles deposited on the filter can be cleaned. The backwashing liquid is collected in the sample storage bottle. In order to prevent the particles deposited on the filter from being unable to completely detach from the filter, after completing one collection, the filter can be saved and taken back to the laboratory for analysis. At the same time, the filter is replaced for the next collection. This operation is more complicated. After flushing, the backwashing liquid containing microplastic particles is put into the storage bottle and taken away. The filter also needs to be disassembled and taken away with the corresponding sample storage device. After arriving at the laboratory, the two samples of the backwashing liquid and the filter need to be processed to obtain more accurate test results. This operation is complicated, which increases the labor intensity of the sampling personnel, and it is easy to introduce new factors affecting the determination of microplastic particles during the disassembly process. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a water microplastic collection component and a quantitative collection system.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is: a water body microplastic collection component, including a sample barrel, a sampling barrel, a water inlet pipe, and a water outlet pipe. A filter screen is provided in the sample barrel, a filter limit platform is provided at the water inlet of the sample barrel, a fixing ring is provided at the water inlet end of the filter screen, the fixing ring is assembled in the water inlet of the sample barrel and is located at the filter limit platform, the sample barrel is assembled in the sampling barrel, the water inlet of the sample barrel is located in the water inlet connecting end of the sampling barrel, the water outlet of the sample barrel is located in the water outlet connecting end of the sampling barrel, the water inlet connecting end is detachably connected to the water inlet pipe, and the water outlet connecting end is detachably connected to the water outlet pipe.

[0008] Specifically, the water inlet of the sample barrel is detachably connected to the water inlet sealing cover, and the water outlet of the sample barrel is detachably connected to the water outlet connector.

[0009] Specifically, a water inlet connector is provided at the tail of the water inlet pipe, and the water inlet connector is detachably connected to the water inlet connecting end through a threaded structure. A water outlet connector is provided at the head of the water outlet pipe, and the water outlet connector is detachably connected to the water outlet connecting end through a threaded structure.

[0010] Specifically, a first pressing platform and a second pressing platform are provided in the water inlet connecting head. When the water inlet connecting head is installed in the water inlet connecting end, the first pressing platform contacts the water inlet end face of the sample barrel to limit the water inlet end face of the sample barrel, and the second pressing platform contacts the fixing ring to fix the fixing ring between the second pressing platform and the filter limit platform.

[0011] Specifically, a sampling limit ring is provided on the outer side of the sample barrel, and a sampling limit platform is provided on the inner side of the water inlet connection end of the sampling barrel. The sampling limit ring cooperates with the sampling limit platform, and the sampling limit ring of the sample barrel is fixed between the first pressure platform and the sampling limit platform by utilizing the first pressure platform of the water inlet connection head.

[0012] Specifically, a through hole is provided in the middle of the water inlet connector, a water inlet fixing block is fixedly provided at the tail of the water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe passes through the through hole of the water inlet connector, the water inlet fixing block is located between the water inlet connector and the fixing ring, a through hole is provided in the middle of the water outlet connector, a water outlet fixing block is provided at the head of the water outlet pipe, an outer protruding ring is provided on the outer side surface of the water outlet fixing block, the outer protruding ring is nested in the through hole of the water outlet connector, a positioning protruding ring is provided on the circumferential outer side of the water outlet fixing block, the positioning protruding ring is located between the water outlet connector and the end face of the water outlet connecting end of the sampling barrel, an inner protruding ring is provided on the inner side of the water outlet fixing block, and the inner side surface of the inner protruding ring contacts with the water outlet end face of the sample barrel.

[0013] Specifically, the water inlet of the sample barrel is larger than the water outlet, and the inner diameter of the water inlet connection end of the sampling barrel is larger than the inner diameter of the water outlet connection end.

[0014] A quantitative collection system using the collection component includes a collection component, a water pump, a flow meter, and a valve. The head of the water inlet pipe is provided with a water inlet plumb head, and a pre-filter is provided in the water inlet plumb head. The water outlet pipe is connected to the water inlet end of the water pump, and the water outlet end of the water pump is connected to a drain pipe. The drain pipe is provided with a flow meter and a valve.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model has a simple structure, and the collection barrel serves as a protection and connection barrel, which can protect the sample barrel from being relatively clean and contaminated. After the sample barrel collects microplastics in the water sample, the water inlet connector is directly removed, and then the water inlet sealing cover is used to seal the water inlet of the sample barrel. After the sample barrel is taken out of the collection barrel, the water outlet of the sample barrel is sealed with the water outlet sealing cover, so that the filter screen is sealed in the sample barrel, and the sample barrel is wrapped with a sealing bag, etc., so that the particles deposited on the filter screen and the particles adhered to the sample barrel are completely brought back to the laboratory for the next step of processing in the experimental environment, or the sample barrel is directly placed in a suitable instrument for analysis. The operation is simple and convenient, and an accurate sample amount can be obtained; at the same time, the collection component can be adapted to different collection systems, and combined with a water pump, a flow meter, a valve, etc. into a collection system, which can calculate the amount of water samples, which is conducive to the overall estimation of the microplastic content in the water body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the sample barrel structure of Example 1 of the utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the collection component of Example 1 of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the collection component of Example 1 of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water inlet structure of the collection component of Example 1 of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the collection component of Example 2 of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the water outlet structure of the collection component of Example 2 of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the water inlet structure of the collection component of Example 2 of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water inlet fixing block in the collection component of Example 2 of the utility model.

[0024] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a quantitative collection system using the collection component in Example 3 of the utility model.

[0025] Fig.10 This is a structural schematic diagram of a quantitative collection system using the collection component in Example 3 of the utility model when multiple groups of collection components are connected in series.

[0026] In the figure, 1 is a sampling barrel, 101 is a water inlet connection end, 102 is a water outlet connection end, 103 is a first limiting platform, 2 is a sample barrel, 201 is a water inlet, 202 is a water outlet, 203 is a water inlet sealing cover, 204 is a water outlet sealing cover, 205 is a sampling limiting ring, 206 is a filtering limiting platform, 3 is a filter screen, 301 is a fixing ring, 4 is a water inlet pipe, 401 is a water inlet connector, 402 is a first pressing platform, 403 is a second pressing platform, 404 is a water inlet fixing block, 5 is a water outlet pipe, 501 is a water outlet connector, 502 is a water outlet fixing block, 5021 is an outer raised ring, 5022 is a positioning raised ring, 5023 is an inner raised ring, 10 is a water inlet vertical head, 11 is a water pump, 12 is a flow meter, 13 is a valve, and 14 is a drain pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The utility model will now be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figures 1 to 4 The water microplastic collection assembly shown includes a sample barrel 2, a sampling barrel 1, a water inlet pipe 4, and a water outlet pipe 5. A filter screen 3 is provided in the sample barrel 2, and a filter limiter 206 is provided at the water inlet of the sample barrel 2. A fixing ring 301 is provided at the water inlet end of the filter screen 3. The fixing ring 301 is assembled in the water inlet 201 of the sample barrel 2 and is located at the filter limiter 206. The filter screen adopts a filter membrane with an aperture of less than 5 mm, and filters with different apertures can be used according to the actual size of the microplastics to be analyzed. , such as 1-5mm, 500-1000μm, 300μm-500μm, 10μm-300μm filter membrane, or even a smaller filter membrane, the sample barrel 2 is assembled in the sampling barrel 1, the water inlet of the sample barrel 2 is located in the water inlet connection end 101 of the sampling barrel 1, the water outlet 202 of the sample barrel 2 is located in the water outlet connection end 102 of the sampling barrel 1, the water inlet connection end 101 is detachably connected to the water inlet pipe 4, and the water outlet connection end 102 is detachably connected to the water outlet pipe 5.

[0030] Specifically, an internal thread is provided on the inner side of the water inlet 201 of the sample barrel 2, and the water inlet 201 of the sample barrel is detachably connected to the external thread of the water inlet sealing cover through the internal thread. An external thread is provided on the outer side of the water outlet 202 of the sample barrel, and the water outlet 202 is detachably connected to the water outlet connector through the external thread.

[0031] Specifically, the tail of the water inlet pipe 4 is provided with a water inlet connector 401, and the water inlet connector 401 is detachably connected to the water inlet connecting end 101 through a threaded structure. The head of the water outlet pipe 5 is provided with a water outlet connector 501, and the water outlet connector 501 is detachably connected to the water outlet connecting end 102 through a threaded structure.

[0032] Specifically, a first pressing platform 402 and a second pressing platform 403 are provided in the water inlet connector 4. When the water inlet connector 401 is installed in the water inlet connection end 101, the first pressing platform 402 contacts the end face of the water inlet 201 of the sample barrel 2 to limit the end face of the water inlet 201 of the sample barrel 2. The second pressing platform 403 contacts the fixing ring 301 to fix the fixing ring 301 between the second pressing platform 403 and the filter limiting platform 206. Furthermore, the fixing ring 301 adopts common sealing materials, such as elastic silicone or rubber material, to achieve better sealing effect, or a sealing ring is provided between the fixing ring 301 and the second pressing platform 403. The water outlet connector 501 is against the end face of the water outlet 202 of the sample barrel 2. After being fixed, the water coming in from the water inlet pipe 4 directly rushes towards the filter net 3 and enters the sample barrel 2, and then is discharged from the water outlet 202 of the sample barrel 2. The filter net 3 retains the microplastics in the sample barrel 2.

[0033] Specifically, a sampling limit ring 203 is provided on the outer side of the sample barrel 2, and a sampling limit platform 103 is provided on the inner side of the water inlet connection end 101 of the sampling barrel 1. The sampling limit ring 203 cooperates with the sampling limit platform 103, and the sampling limit ring 203 of the sample barrel 2 is fixed between the first pressure platform 402 and the sampling limit platform 103 by utilizing the first pressure platform 402 of the water inlet connection head 101.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] like Figures 5 to 8 A water body microplastic collection component is shown, wherein a through hole is provided in the middle of the water inlet connector 401, a water inlet fixing block 404 is fixedly provided at the tail of the water inlet pipe 4, the water inlet pipe 4 passes through the through hole of the water inlet connector 401, the water inlet fixing block 404 is located between the water inlet connector 401 and the fixing ring 301, and the water inlet connector 401 is used to press the water inlet fixing block 404 onto the fixing ring 301 to fix the water inlet pipe 4, a through hole is provided in the middle of the water outlet connector 501, a water outlet fixing block 502 is provided at the head of the water outlet pipe 5, and an outer convex ring 5021 is provided on the outer side of the water outlet fixing block 502, and the outer convex ring 5021 is nested in the outlet In the through hole of the water connecting head 5001, a positioning protrusion ring 5022 is provided on the outer side of the circumference of the water outlet fixing block 502, and the positioning protrusion ring 5022 is located between the water outlet connecting head 501 and the end face of the water outlet connecting end 202 of the sampling barrel 2. An inner protrusion ring 5023 is provided on the inner side of the water outlet fixing block 502, and the inner side surface of the inner protrusion ring 5023 contacts the end face of the water outlet 201 of the sample barrel 2. In the best case, the water inlet fixing block 404 and the water outlet fixing block 502 are made of elastic silicone or rubber to play a sealing role. The water inlet fixing block 404 and the water outlet fixing block 502 can be fixedly connected by hot melt adhesive, etc., which is the existing technology and will not be repeated here.

[0036] When in use, place the sample barrel 2 into the sampling barrel 1, place the water inlet fixing block 404 of the water inlet pipe 4 between the water inlet connector 401 and the fixing ring 301, rotate the water inlet connector 401, and press the water inlet fixing block 404 to fix the water inlet pipe 4. When the water inlet connector 401 is installed in the water inlet connection end 101 of the sampling barrel 1, it is only necessary to place the water outlet fixing block 502, rotate the water outlet connector 501, and tighten it on the water outlet connection end 101 of the sampling barrel 1. , the water inlet pipe 4, the sampling barrel 1, and the water outlet pipe 5 do not need to be rotated. When disassembling, you can also directly rotate the water inlet connector 401, remove the water inlet pipe 4, and then directly close it with the water inlet sealing cover 203, and then remove the water outlet connector, and then take out the sample barrel 2 from the water inlet connection end 101 of the sampling barrel 1. At this time, please note that the water outlet connection end of the sampling barrel 1 is facing upwards, and the sample barrel 2 automatically falls out of the sampling barrel 1, and then the water outlet sealing cover 204 is used to seal the water outlet 202 of the sample barrel 2. Figure 1 As shown, the sample barrel 2 can be brought back to the laboratory for testing. During transportation, the filter 3 does not need to be taken out. After arriving at the laboratory, it can be decided whether to take out the filter according to the situation, which effectively avoids the situation where the filter 3 is contaminated by taking out the filter after sampling in the field.

[0037] Specifically, the water inlet 201 of the sample barrel 2 is larger than the water outlet 202, and the inner diameter of the water inlet connection end 101 of the sampling barrel 1 is larger than the inner diameter of the water outlet connection end 102. In this way, the sample barrel 2 can be placed in the sampling barrel 1 to achieve semi-fixation before the water inlet connector 401 and the water outlet connector 501 are installed, and then the water inlet connector 401 is used to fix it in the sampling barrel 1, and then cooperate with the water outlet connector 501 to achieve sealing.

[0038] Example 3

[0039] like Fig. 9 A quantitative collection system using the collection component shown in the figure includes multiple groups of collection components, a water pump 11, a flow meter 12, and a valve 13. The head of the water inlet pipe 4 is provided with a water inlet plumb 10, and the water inlet plumb 10 is provided with a pre-filter to filter large floating objects. The water outlet pipe 5 is connected to the water inlet end of the water pump 11, and the water outlet end of the water pump 11 is connected to the drain pipe 14. The flow meter 12 and the valve 13 are provided on the drain pipe 14 to calculate the amount of sampled water and more accurately evaluate the microplastic content in the water body.

[0040] Specifically, during the sampling process, filters with different apertures can be placed in the sample barrel, and multiple sets of collection components can be connected in series. Starting from the water inlet, the filter mesh becomes smaller step by step, so that microplastic particles can be collected in stages, such as Fig.10As shown in the figure, the filter mesh uses a filter membrane with a pore size less than 5㎜. Filter meshes with different pore sizes can be used according to the actual size of the microplastics to be analyzed, such as 1-5mm, 500-1000μm, 300μm-500μm, 10μm-300μm filter membranes, or even smaller filter membranes.

[0041] The present invention is not limited to the described implementation modes, and anyone should be aware of the structural changes made under the inspiration of the present invention. Any technical solutions that are the same or similar to the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] The technology, shape and structure parts not described in detail in the present invention are all known technologies.

Claims

1. A water microplastic collection component, characterized in that: It includes a sample barrel, a sampling barrel, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe. A filter screen is arranged in the sample barrel, a filter limit platform is arranged at the water inlet of the sample barrel, a fixing ring is arranged at the water inlet end of the filter screen, the fixing ring is assembled in the water inlet of the sample barrel and is located at the filter limit platform, the sample barrel is assembled in the sampling barrel, the water inlet of the sample barrel is located in the water inlet connecting end of the sampling barrel, the water outlet of the sample barrel is located in the water outlet connecting end of the sampling barrel, the water inlet connecting end is detachably connected to the water inlet pipe, and the water outlet connecting end is detachably connected to the water outlet pipe.

2. The water microplastic collection assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet of the sample barrel is detachably connected to the water inlet sealing cover, and the water outlet of the sample barrel is detachably connected to the water outlet connector.

3. The water microplastic collection assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail of the water inlet pipe is provided with a water inlet connector, which is detachably connected to the water inlet connection end through a threaded structure. The head of the water outlet pipe is provided with a water outlet connector, which is detachably connected to the water outlet connection end through a threaded structure.

4. The water microplastic collection assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first pressing platform and a second pressing platform are provided in the water inlet connector. When the water inlet connector is installed in the water inlet connection end, the first pressing platform contacts the water inlet end face of the sample barrel to limit the water inlet end face of the sample barrel, and the second pressing platform contacts the fixing ring to fix the fixing ring between the second pressing platform and the filter limiting platform.

5. The water microplastic collection assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sampling limit ring is provided on the outer side of the sample barrel, and a sampling limit platform is provided on the inner side of the water inlet connection end of the sampling barrel, and the sampling limit ring cooperates with the sampling limit platform.

6. The water microplastic collection assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: A through hole is arranged in the middle of the water inlet connector, a water inlet fixing block is fixedly arranged at the tail of the water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe passes through the through hole of the water inlet connector, and the water inlet fixing block is located between the water inlet connector and the fixing ring.

7. The water microplastic collection assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: A through hole is provided in the middle of the water outlet connector, a water outlet fixing block is provided at the head of the water outlet pipe, an outer convex ring is provided on the outer side of the water outlet fixing block, the outer convex ring is nested in the through hole of the water outlet connector, a positioning convex ring is provided on the circumferential outer side of the water outlet fixing block, the positioning convex ring is located between the water outlet connector and the end face of the water outlet connecting end of the sampling barrel, an inner convex ring is provided on the inner side of the water outlet fixing block, and the inner side face of the inner convex ring contacts with the water outlet end face of the sample barrel.

8. The water microplastic collection assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet of the sample barrel is larger than the water outlet, and the inner diameter of the water inlet connection end of the sampling barrel is larger than the inner diameter of the water outlet connection end.

9. A quantitative collection system for microplastics in water, characterized by: It comprises one or more groups of a collection component as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, and also comprises a water pump, a flow meter, and a valve, wherein the outlet pipe is connected to the water inlet end of the water pump, the water outlet end of the water pump is connected to a drain pipe, and the drain pipe is provided with a flow meter and a valve.

10. A system for quantitatively collecting microplastics in water according to claim 9, characterized in that: The head of the water inlet pipe is provided with a water inlet tap, and a pre-filter is arranged in the water inlet tap.

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