Device for corona discharge phenomenon teaching demonstration and volt-ampere characteristic measurement

Abstract

The utility model discloses a device for corona discharge phenomenon teaching demonstration and volt-ampere characteristic measurement, which comprises an experiment box body, an experiment table is arranged on the experiment box body, a transparent cover and an electrode spacing adjusting mechanism are arranged on the experiment table, and the transparent cover can be selectively opened or buckled on the experiment table. An electrode bracket is arranged on the electrode distance adjusting mechanism, and an electrode is mounted on the electrode bracket; a power supply, a voltmeter and an ammeter are arranged in the experiment box body; an output electrode of the power supply is connected with an electrode on the electrode bracket through a wire; an ampere meter is arranged between the output electrode of the power supply and the electrode on the electrode support, and the ampere meter can be selectively connected to or disconnected from a circuit; the voltmeter is connected in parallel between the two output electrodes of the power supply. The device for corona discharge phenomenon teaching demonstration and volt-ampere characteristic measurement disclosed by the utility model has the advantages of simple experimental device, convenient operation, easy adjustment of experimental parameters, easy observation of experimental phenomena and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of teaching aids, in particular to a device used for teaching demonstration of corona discharge phenomenon and measurement of volt-ampere characteristics thereof. Background Art

[0002] Corona discharge refers to the local self-sustaining discharge of a gas medium in an inhomogeneous electric field, and is the most common form of gas discharge. Near a tip electrode with a very small radius of curvature, the local electric field strength exceeds the ionization field strength of the gas, causing the gas to be ionized and excited, resulting in corona discharge. When corona occurs, light can be seen around the electrode, accompanied by a hissing sound. Corona discharge can be a relatively stable discharge form, or it can be an early development stage in the process of gap breakdown in an inhomogeneous electric field.

[0003] There are many methods to study corona discharge, including current and voltage measurement method, optical measurement method, acoustic measurement method, discharge frequency measurement method and so on.

[0004] However, the existing corona discharge experimental instruments have complex structures, are inconvenient to operate, and are not convenient for teaching experimental demonstrations. Utility Model Content

[0005] Aiming at the above problems, the utility model proposes a device for teaching and demonstrating corona discharge phenomenon and measuring its volt-ampere characteristics.

[0006] The technical means adopted by the utility model are as follows:

[0007] A device for teaching and demonstrating corona discharge phenomena and measuring volt-ampere characteristics thereof, comprising: an experimental box, a transparent cover, an electrode support, an electrode spacing adjustment mechanism, a power supply, a voltmeter and an ammeter;

[0008] The experimental box is provided with an experimental table, the experimental table is provided with the transparent cover and the electrode spacing adjustment mechanism, the transparent cover can be selectively opened or buckled on the experimental table, the electrode spacing adjustment mechanism is provided with two electrode holders arranged opposite to each other, and the electrode holders are equipped with electrodes;

[0009] The power supply, voltmeter and ammeter are arranged in the experimental box;

[0010] The two output electrodes of the power supply are respectively connected to the electrodes on the two electrode brackets through wires;

[0011] Wherein, the ammeter is provided between an output electrode of the power supply and the corresponding electrode on the electrode support, and the ammeter can selectively connect or disconnect between the output electrode of the power supply and the electrode on the electrode support;

[0012] The voltmeter is connected in parallel between two output electrodes of the power supply.

[0013] Furthermore, two connection ends of the ammeter are provided with a single-pole single-throw switch and a single-pole double-throw switch respectively;

[0014] The common end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the electrode on the electrode bracket, and the two connection ends of the single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to a connection end of an ammeter and one end of a first wire connected in parallel with the ammeter;

[0015] The two connection ends of the single-pole single-throw switch are respectively connected to the other connection end of the ammeter and the other end of the first wire.

[0016] Furthermore, the single-pole single-throw switch and the single-pole double-throw switch are both arranged on the experimental platform.

[0017] Furthermore, the electrode spacing adjustment mechanism includes a slide rail, a rack and a slider arranged on the slide rail, the slider is provided with a driving shaft, the driving shaft is provided with driving teeth meshing with the rack, and the driving shaft can drive the slider to move on the slide rail through the driving teeth and the rack.

[0018] Furthermore, the slide rail is also provided with a scale and a cursor.

[0019] Further, the electrode includes an electrode body and an electrode head;

[0020] The electrode body and the electrode head are connected via a threaded structure.

[0021] Furthermore, the transparent cover is connected to the experimental box through a hinge.

[0022] Furthermore, the display dials of the voltmeter and the ammeter are arranged on the front side of the experimental box;

[0023] The regulating area of ​​the power supply is arranged on the front side of the experimental box.

[0024] Furthermore, an ion wind detection device is provided between the two electrode brackets on the electrode spacing adjustment mechanism.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the device for teaching and demonstrating corona discharge phenomena and measuring its volt-ampere characteristics disclosed by the utility model has the advantages of simple experimental device, easy operation, easy adjustment of experimental parameters, easy observation of experimental phenomena, etc., which is conducive to making the experimental teaching device enter the experimental teaching of undergraduates, can broaden students' horizons and cultivate their interest in scientific research. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1It is a front view of the device for teaching and demonstrating corona discharge phenomenon and measuring volt-ampere characteristics disclosed in the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 It is an axial view of the device for teaching and demonstrating the corona discharge phenomenon and measuring its volt-ampere characteristics disclosed in the utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a diagram of the installation structure of the electrode spacing adjustment mechanism and the electrode bracket in the device for teaching and demonstrating the corona discharge phenomenon and measuring the volt-ampere characteristics disclosed by the utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 is the structure of the electrode;

[0030] Figure 5 The utility model discloses a circuit connection diagram of a device for teaching and demonstrating corona discharge phenomenon and measuring volt-ampere characteristics.

[0031] In the figure: 1. experimental box; 10. experimental table; 12. first wire; 2. transparent cover; 3. electrode bracket; 4. electrode spacing adjustment mechanism; 40. slide rail; 41. rack; 42. slide block; 43. drive shaft; 5. power supply; 6. voltmeter; 7. ammeter; 80. single-pole single-throw switch; 81. single-pole double-throw switch; 9. electrode; 90. electrode body; 91. electrode head; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The device disclosed in the utility model for teaching and demonstrating corona discharge phenomenon and measuring volt-ampere characteristics thereof includes: an experimental box 1, a transparent cover 2, an electrode support 3, an electrode spacing adjustment mechanism 4, a power supply 5, a voltmeter 6 and an ammeter 7;

[0033] The experimental box 1 is provided with an experimental table 10, and the experimental table 10 is provided with the transparent cover 2 and the electrode spacing adjustment mechanism 4, the transparent cover 2 can be selectively opened or buckled on the experimental table 10, and the electrode spacing adjustment mechanism 4 is provided with two oppositely arranged electrode holders 3, and the electrode holders 3 are installed with electrodes 9;

[0034] The power supply 5, voltmeter 6 and ammeter 7 are arranged in the experimental box 1;

[0035] The two output electrodes of the power supply 5 are respectively connected to the electrodes 9 on the two electrode holders 3 through wires; in this embodiment, the power supply is a CX-600A high-voltage DC power supply, which inputs 220V AC power and outputs 5-60kV high-voltage DC power. The ammeter is a 200μA DC ammeter, and the voltmeter is a 50kV DC voltmeter.

[0036] The ammeter 7 is provided between an output electrode of the power source 5 and the corresponding electrode 9 on the electrode holder 3, and the ammeter 7 can selectively connect or disconnect between the output electrode of the power source 5 and the electrode 9 on the electrode holder 3;

[0037] The voltmeter 6 is connected in parallel between the two output electrodes of the power source 5 .

[0038] Specifically, in the present embodiment, the experimental box is a square box structure made of acrylic material, and a power supply heat dissipation port and an operation panel port are processed on the experimental box. The operation panel port includes a parameter adjustment knob area and a parameter adjustment observation area, that is, in the present application, the display dials of the voltmeter 6 and the ammeter 7 are arranged on the front side of the experimental box 1; the adjustment area of ​​the power supply 5 is arranged on the front side of the experimental box 1 to form an operation panel area, the upper cover plate of the experimental box is a test bench, and the upper cover plate can be separated from the main body of the experimental box, and an electrode spacing adjustment mechanism is fixedly installed on the upper cover plate, and the electrode spacing adjustment mechanism 4 includes a slide rail 40, a rack 41 and a slider 42 arranged on the slide rail 40, the slider 42 is provided with a drive shaft 43, and the drive shaft 43 is provided with a drive tooth meshing with the rack, and the drive shaft 43 can drive the slider to move on the slide rail through the drive tooth and the rack, and the slider is also provided with a locking knob, and the rotating knob is used to lock the slider with the slide rail. An electrode bracket 3 is provided on the slider. In this embodiment, the electrode bracket 3 is made of PLA material. The electrode bracket 3 includes a bracket base 30 connected to the slider at the bottom and a support column 31 arranged on the bracket base 30. An electrode mounting hole 32 is provided at the upper end of the support column 31, and the electrode is installed in the electrode mounting hole.

[0039] The upper end of the experimental box is connected to the transparent cover 2 through a hinge, and the transparent cover 2 can be buckled on the experimental table or opened; a power supply 5, a voltmeter 6 and an ammeter 7 are arranged in the experimental box 1, and the power supply 5, the voltmeter 6 and the ammeter 7 are connected to the electrodes arranged on the experimental table through wires to form a corona discharge circuit.

[0040] In this embodiment, two connection ends of the ammeter 7 are respectively provided with a single-pole single-throw switch 80 and a single-pole double-throw switch 81; the common end of the single-pole double-throw switch 81 is connected to the electrode 9 on the electrode holder 3, and the two connection ends of the single-pole double-throw switch 81 are respectively connected to one connection end of the ammeter 7 and one end of the first wire 12 connected in parallel with the ammeter 7; the two connection ends of the single-pole single-throw switch 80 are respectively connected to the other connection end of the ammeter 7 and the other end of the first wire 12. The single-pole single-throw switch 80 and the single-pole double-throw switch 81 are both arranged on the experimental table 10.

[0041] The process of conducting a corona discharge phenomenon demonstration experiment using the device for teaching demonstration of corona discharge phenomenon and measuring volt-ampere characteristics disclosed in the utility model is as follows:

[0042] 1. Observe the ion wind: open the transparent cover upwards, install the needle tip electrode and the plate electrode on the two electrode holders respectively. In this embodiment, the needle tip electrode adopts a 0.8 mm needle tip electrode, and needle tip electrodes of other diameters can also be selected according to needs. Loosen the locking knob on the slider, rotate the drive shaft (adjustment knob) so that the distance between the needle and plate electrodes reaches the set value (for example, 60.0 mm), lock the locking knob on the slider, and place the ion wind detection device between the two electrodes. In this embodiment, the ion wind detection device is a windmill. Close one end of the single-pole double-throw switch connected to the first wire with the common end, and keep the single-pole single-throw switch in the open state (the ammeter is disconnected), and close the transparent cover. Turn on the power supply, gradually rotate the voltage adjustment knob to the right to increase the voltage, and feel the ion wind by observing the change in the windmill speed.

[0043] 2. Observe the spark discharge of the electrode needle tip: open the transparent cover upwards, install the needle tip electrodes on the two electrode holders respectively, loosen the locking knob on the slider, rotate the drive shaft (adjustment knob) so that the distance between the needle electrodes reaches the set value, lock the locking knob on the slider, close the connection end of the single-pole double-throw switch connected to the first wire with the common end, and keep the single-pole single-throw switch in the open state (the ammeter is disconnected), and close the transparent cover. Turn on the power supply, gradually turn the voltage adjustment knob to the right to increase the voltage, and observe the luminescence phenomenon of the electrode needle tip. When the air tearing sound in the discharge part is loud, slowly increase the voltage until the spark breakdown, and then stop increasing the voltage and observe the luminescence phenomenon. The spark discharge time should not be too long to prevent damage to the experimental instrument. Replace electrodes with different needle tip diameters, repeat the above experiment and record the spark breakdown voltage under 0.4mm, 0.8mm, and 1.2mm needle tip diameters.

[0044] The process of using the device for teaching demonstration of corona discharge phenomenon and measurement of volt-ampere characteristics disclosed in the utility model to conduct a demonstration experiment on factors affecting corona discharge and measurement of volt-ampere characteristics is as follows:

[0045] 1. Effect of electrode distance on corona discharge: Open the transparent cover upwards, install needle tip electrodes on the two electrode holders respectively. In this embodiment, the needle tip electrode adopts a 0.8 mm needle tip electrode, and needle tip electrodes of other diameters can also be selected according to needs. Loosen the locking knob on the slider, rotate the drive shaft (adjustment knob) so that the distance between the needle plate electrodes reaches the set value (for example, 30.0 mm), lock the locking knob on the slider, close the connection end of the single-pole double-throw switch connected to the ammeter with the common end, and keep the single-pole single-throw switch in a closed state (the ammeter is connected to the circuit), and close the transparent cover. Turn on the power supply, gradually rotate the voltage adjustment knob to the right to increase the voltage, starting from 6.0 kV and gradually increasing the voltage to 28.0 kV at 2.0 kV intervals, and record the relevant current and voltage values, and then turn off the power supply. Change the electrode distance to 40.0 mm and 50.0 mm, and repeat the above experiment.

[0046] 2. Effect of electrode diameter on corona discharge: turn off the power supply, open the transparent cover, disconnect the protection switch (SPDT switch and SPST switch), adjust the inter-electrode distance to 40.0mm, use a 0.4mm needle tip diameter electrode, turn off the protection switch and cover the transparent cover (the specific process is the same as above). Start from 6.0kV and gradually increase the voltage to 28.0kV in 2.0kV intervals, and record the relevant current and voltage values. Turn off the power supply after the end. Change the electrode diameter to 0.8mm and 1.2mm, and repeat the above experiment.

[0047] 3. Effect of electrode style on corona discharge: Use 0.8mm needle tip diameter electrode and plate electrode, adjust the inter-electrode distance to 40.0mm, turn off the protection switch and close the transparent cover. Start from 6.0kV and gradually increase the voltage to 28.0kV in 2.0kV intervals, and record the relevant current and voltage values. Turn off the power after completion.

[0048] Furthermore, the slide rail is also provided with a scale and a cursor.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, a scale is provided on the slide rail, and a cursor is provided on the slider. By providing the scale and the cursor, the distance between the electrodes can be adjusted more conveniently and accurately.

[0050] Furthermore, if Figure 4 As shown, the electrode 9 includes an electrode body 90 and an electrode head 91; the electrode body 90 and the electrode head 91 are connected via a threaded structure.

[0051] Specifically, in this embodiment, an external thread is processed at one end of the electrode body, and a threaded hole is provided at the other end. The end of the electrode body provided with the threaded hole is connected to a wire through a screw or other structure, and the other end of the wire is connected to the output end of a power supply; an internal threaded hole is processed at one end of the electrode head, and the electrode body and the electrode head are connected through threads. By arranging the electrode into a split structure, the replacement of the electrode is facilitated to complete different experiments.

[0052] The utility model discloses a device for teaching and demonstrating corona discharge phenomena and measuring volt-ampere characteristics. It is an experimental teaching instrument that can observe the ion wind and luminescence phenomena of corona discharge in the atmosphere and measure the volt-ampere characteristics of corona discharge under different parameters. According to the phenomenon and principle of corona discharge, the utility model integrates the complex and dangerous circuits of the laboratory into an acrylic box, leaving a power supply heat dissipation port and an operation panel. The upper part of the instrument can be opened, and the internal circuit is visible, breaking through the "black box" instrument.

[0053] This device is mainly used for university physics teaching. The experimental device is small and light, and all instruments are unified in the box. Compared with the traditional corona discharge device, the utility model uses an integrated high-voltage power supply, which is small in size and does not need to be connected to the ground wire, making it easy to carry and use; the two knobs on the power supply can adjust the power supply voltage and power supply frequency of the circuit, so that the discharge parameters of the corona discharge circuit can be measured under different power supply voltages and power supply frequencies; the electrode structure of the experimental device uses threaded quick release, which can quickly replace needle electrodes and plate electrodes of different diameters, and there is no need to reconnect the wires when replacing the electrodes; the positive and negative electrodes are fixed on the optical translation guide rail, and the electrode distance can be quickly adjusted with an accuracy of 0.1mm, so that the volt-ampere characteristics under different parameters can be explored. A transparent acrylic cover is used above the experimental device to isolate the external environment, which can not only ensure the safety of the experimenters, but also facilitate the observation of experimental phenomena; the windmill rotation is used in the experiment to test the ion wind phenomenon, making the phenomenon intuitive and easy to understand, and convenient for teaching and understanding. In the circuit design, a double switch circuit is used to isolate the two ends of the ammeter in the breakdown experiment to protect the experimental instruments.

[0054] Compared with other corona discharge teaching experiment instruments, this instrument is simple and safe to operate, parameters are easy to adjust, and experimental phenomena are easy to observe. The utility model simplifies the complex plasma experiment and allows it to enter the experimental teaching of undergraduates, which can broaden students' horizons and cultivate their interest in scientific research.

[0055] The following are some experimental data realized by using the device for teaching demonstration of corona discharge phenomenon and measurement of volt-ampere characteristics disclosed in the utility model:

[0056] Experimental conditions: Temperature: 22.0℃ Relative humidity: 65%RH Air pressure: 1001hPa

[0057] Experimental data:

[0058] Table 1 Parameters of volt-ampere characteristics under different inter-electrode distances (three groups)

[0059] (a)

[0060]

[0061] (b)

[0062]

[0063] (c)

[0064]

[0065] Table 2 Parameters of volt-ampere characteristics under different needle tip diameters (three groups)

[0066] (a)

[0067]

[0068] (b)

[0069]

[0070] (c)

[0071]

[0072] Table 3 Parameters of volt-ampere characteristics under different geometric configurations (three groups)

[0073] (a)

[0074]

[0075] (b)

[0076]

[0077] (c)

[0078]

[0079] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention according to the technical scheme and the utility model concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for teaching and demonstrating corona discharge phenomena and measuring its volt-ampere characteristics, characterized in that: include: Experimental box, transparent cover, electrode holder, electrode spacing adjustment mechanism, power supply, voltmeter and ammeter; The experimental box is provided with an experimental table, the experimental table is provided with the transparent cover and the electrode spacing adjustment mechanism, the transparent cover can be selectively opened or buckled on the experimental table, the electrode spacing adjustment mechanism is provided with two electrode holders arranged opposite to each other, and the electrode holders are equipped with electrodes; The power supply, voltmeter and ammeter are arranged in the experimental box; The two output electrodes of the power supply are respectively connected to the electrodes on the two electrode brackets through wires; Wherein, the ammeter is provided between an output electrode of the power supply and the corresponding electrode on the electrode support, and the ammeter can selectively connect or disconnect between the output electrode of the power supply and the electrode on the electrode support; The voltmeter is connected in parallel between two output electrodes of the power supply.

2. The device for teaching and demonstrating corona discharge phenomenon and measuring its volt-ampere characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two connection ends of the ammeter are respectively provided with a single-pole single-throw switch and a single-pole double-throw switch; The common end of the single-pole double-throw switch is connected to the electrode on the electrode bracket, and the two connection ends of the single-pole double-throw switch are respectively connected to a connection end of an ammeter and one end of a first wire connected in parallel with the ammeter; The two connection ends of the single-pole single-throw switch are respectively connected to the other connection end of the ammeter and the other end of the first wire.

3. The device for teaching and demonstrating corona discharge phenomenon and measuring its volt-ampere characteristics according to claim 2, characterized in that: The single-pole single-throw switch and the single-pole double-throw switch are both arranged on the experimental platform.

4. The device for teaching and demonstrating corona discharge phenomenon and measuring its volt-ampere characteristics according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The electrode spacing adjustment mechanism includes a slide rail, a rack and a slider arranged on the slide rail, the slider is provided with a driving shaft, the driving shaft is provided with driving teeth meshing with the rack, and the driving shaft can drive the slider to move on the slide rail through the driving teeth and the rack.

5. The device for teaching and demonstrating corona discharge phenomenon and measuring its volt-ampere characteristics according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slide rail is also provided with a scale and a cursor.

6. The device for teaching and demonstrating corona discharge phenomenon and measuring its volt-ampere characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrode comprises an electrode body and an electrode head; The electrode body and the electrode head are connected via a threaded structure.

7. The device for teaching and demonstrating corona discharge phenomenon and measuring its volt-ampere characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent cover is connected to the experimental box through a hinge.

8. The device for teaching and demonstrating corona discharge phenomenon and measuring its volt-ampere characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display dials of the voltmeter and the ammeter are arranged on the front side of the experimental box; The regulating area of ​​the power supply is arranged on the front side of the experimental box.

9. The device for teaching and demonstrating corona discharge phenomenon and measuring its volt-ampere characteristics according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ion wind detection device is also provided between the two electrode brackets on the electrode spacing adjustment mechanism.

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