High-performance double-cathode aluminum air battery based on non-noble metal cathode aluminum mesh anode

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-performance double-cathode aluminum air cell based on a non-noble metal cathode aluminum mesh anode, which belongs to the technical field of metal fuel cells, and comprises a first cover plate, a second cover plate and a third cover plate, a first open hole, a second open hole and a third open hole are formed in the middle of the first cover plate, the middle of the second cover plate and the middle of the third cover plate respectively, and a first thin titanium sheet, a first cathode and a first silica gel gasket are sequentially arranged between the first cover plate and the second cover plate; a second thin titanium sheet, a second cathode and a second silica gel gasket are sequentially arranged between the third cover plate and the second cover plate, and an anode is arranged in the middle of the second cover plate. According to the high-performance double-cathode aluminum air battery based on the non-noble metal cathode aluminum mesh anode, the electricity generation performance of the designed double-cathode battery is superior to that of a traditional single-cathode battery, meanwhile, the double-cathode battery has good stability, and the electricity generation performance of the battery is greatly improved on the premise of low cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of metal fuel cells, in particular to a high-performance double-cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of mobile electronic devices and electric vehicles, environmental and energy issues have become increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop green, safe, efficient, cheap, sustainable energy storage devices for large-scale application.

[0003] Aluminum-air battery is a device that converts the chemical energy of aluminum anode directly into electrical energy through electrochemical reaction. Aluminum-air battery has high theoretical voltage, large specific capacity, high specific energy, and metal aluminum is a high-intensity energy carrier with advantages such as abundant resources, low price, and environmental friendliness, which perfectly matches the current form of power supply requirements. However, existing aluminum-air batteries face the economic problem of high cost because the oxygen reduction reaction kinetics of the cathode are slow, requiring the use of expensive precious metal Pt / C as a catalyst.

[0004] The current aluminum-air battery has a single cathode, and the reaction area of ​​the single cathode is small, resulting in a slow reaction rate. The anode aluminum is a highly active metal, which causes the cathode to be unable to match the reaction rate of the anode. In order to increase the cathode reaction rate and improve the battery's power generation performance, a high-performance dual-cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode is urgently needed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a high-performance dual-cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode. The designed dual-cathode battery has better power generation performance than traditional single-cathode batteries and has good stability. It greatly improves the battery power generation performance at low cost, has strong feasibility, and can effectively improve battery performance.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the utility model provides a high-performance dual-cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode, comprising a first cover plate, a second cover plate and a third cover plate, the first cover plate and the second cover plate having the same structure, the first cover plate, the second cover plate and the third cover plate having a first opening, a second opening and a third opening respectively arranged in the middle thereof, a first thin titanium sheet, a first cathode and a first silicone gasket being arranged in sequence between the first cover plate and the second cover plate, a second thin titanium sheet, a second cathode and a second silicone gasket being arranged in sequence between the third cover plate and the second cover plate, an anode being arranged in the middle of the second cover plate, an opening being arranged in a direction perpendicular to the second opening, and a groove being arranged inside the second cover plate opposite to the opening.

[0007] Preferably, the first thin titanium sheet, the first silicone gasket, the second thin titanium sheet and the second silicone gasket are respectively provided with a fourth opening, a fifth opening, a sixth opening and a seventh opening, and the diameters of the first opening, the second opening, the third opening, the fourth opening, the fifth opening, the sixth opening and the seventh opening are equal.

[0008] Preferably, the first thin titanium sheet is arranged on a side close to the first cover plate, the second thin titanium sheet is arranged on a side close to the third cover plate, and the first cathode and the second cathode are both arranged on a side close to the second cover plate.

[0009] Preferably, the first cathode and the second cathode are both carbon cloths with a hydrophobic and breathable layer on one side and a non-precious metal catalytic layer sprayed on the other side, wherein the side sprayed with the non-precious metal catalytic layer faces the second cover plate, and the side with the hydrophobic and breathable layer faces the air.

[0010] Preferably, the anode is an aluminum mesh, and a rubber strip is provided at one end of the anode, and the rubber strip matches the opening.

[0011] Preferably, the anode passes through the opening and is plugged into the groove.

[0012] Preferably, the second opening is filled with electrolyte.

[0013] Preferably, the first cover plate, the second cover plate and the third cover plate are all made of acrylic plates.

[0014] Therefore, the utility model adopts the above-mentioned high-performance double cathode aluminum-air battery based on non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode, and its technical effects are as follows:

[0015] (1) The designed dual cathode battery (using inexpensive non-precious metal nanocarbon materials as cathode catalysts) has better power generation performance than traditional single cathode batteries, effectively increases the cathode reaction area, and has good stability. It greatly improves the battery power generation performance at a low cost, has strong feasibility, and can effectively improve battery performance;

[0016] (2) The battery has a simple structure and uses raw materials from a wide range of sources. It can be changed according to different usage environments and requirements. It has strong adaptability and can be used as both a power battery and a signal battery with a long life and high specific energy.

[0017] The technical solution of the utility model is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-performance double cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a high-performance dual-cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode of the utility model (excluding the third cover plate);

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view from another perspective of a high-performance dual-cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode of the utility model (excluding the first cover plate);

[0021] Figure 4 It is an overall schematic diagram of a high-performance double cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 is the open circuit voltage of the aluminum-air battery of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 The power density of single cathode and dual cathode batteries varies with current.

[0024] Reference numerals

[0025] 1. First cover plate; 2. Second cover plate; 3. Third cover plate; 4. First thin titanium sheet; 5. First cathode; 6. First silicone gasket; 7. Second thin titanium sheet; 8. Second cathode; 9. Second silicone gasket; 10. Anode; 11. Rubber strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the utility model is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" and the like mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" and the like are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0028] Embodiment 1

[0029] like Figure 1-4The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a high-performance dual cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode of the utility model, which includes a first cover plate 1, a second cover plate 2 and a third cover plate 3, and the first cover plate 1 and the third cover plate 3 have the same structure. Threaded holes are provided at the four corners of the first cover plate 1, the second cover plate 2 and the third cover plate 3, and the first cover plate 1, the second cover plate 2 and the third cover plate 3 are tightly connected by bolts passing through the threaded holes.

[0030] The first cover plate 1 , the second cover plate 2 and the third cover plate 3 are all made of acrylic plates.

[0031] The first cover plate 1, the second cover plate 2 and the third cover plate 3 are respectively provided with a first opening, a second opening and a third opening in the middle. The second opening is an electrolyte cavity, which is filled with electrolyte, and the electrolyte is usually a sodium hydroxide solution or a potassium hydroxide solution.

[0032] A first thin titanium sheet 4, a first cathode 5 and a first silicone gasket 6 are sequentially arranged between the first cover plate 1 and the second cover plate 2, and a second thin titanium sheet 7, a second cathode 8 and a second silicone gasket 9 are sequentially arranged between the third cover plate 3 and the second cover plate 2. The silicone gasket can prevent the cathode and the thin titanium sheet inside the battery from moving and dislocating due to loose compression, and can effectively support the electrodes to ensure the stability of the battery structure.

[0033] The first thin titanium sheet 4 is arranged on a side close to the first cover plate 1 , the second thin titanium sheet 7 is arranged on a side close to the third cover plate 3 , and the first cathode 5 and the second cathode 8 are both arranged on a side close to the second cover plate 2 .

[0034] The first thin titanium sheet 4, the first silicone gasket 6, the second thin titanium sheet 7 and the second silicone gasket 9 are respectively provided with a fourth opening, a fifth opening, a sixth opening and a seventh opening, and the diameters of the first opening, the second opening, the third opening, the fourth opening, the fifth opening, the sixth opening and the seventh opening are equal.

[0035] An anode 10 is disposed in the middle of the second cover plate 2. The second cover plate 2 is provided with an opening in a direction perpendicular to the second opening, and a groove can be disposed inside the second cover plate 2 on the opposite side of the opening. The anode 10 is plugged into the groove through the opening. The groove makes the anode 10 more firmly fixed.

[0036] The anode 10 is an aluminum mesh. The mesh aluminum plate can increase the specific surface area of ​​the anode reaction. The mesh aluminum is used instead of the solid aluminum plate. The anode is inserted into the middle groove and immersed in the electrolyte. After the discharge is completed, the aluminum plate can be replaced to achieve continuous discharge.

[0037] The first cathode 5 and the second cathode 8 are both carbon cloths with a hydrophobic and breathable layer on one side and a non-precious metal catalytic layer sprayed on the other side, wherein the side sprayed with the non-precious metal catalytic layer faces the second cover plate 2, and the side with the hydrophobic and breathable layer faces the air.

[0038] The hydrophobic breathable layer is formed by pressing activated carbon polyolefin or polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0039] The cathode is made by mixing the catalyst with the membrane.

[0040] The catalyst was prepared as follows:

[0041] Step 1: Place anhydrous sodium citrate (Na3C6H5O7) in a porcelain ark and heat at 5℃min under nitrogen atmosphere. -1 The carbonization was carried out in a tube furnace at a heating rate of 800°C for 1 hour and then cooled to room temperature. The carbonized product was fully washed to remove impurities and dried to obtain a black powder, which was hollow nanocarbon.

[0042] Step 2: Mix the hollow nanocarbon and iron phthalocyanine (FePc) powder and disperse them in anhydrous ethanol by ultrasonication, and then perform solvent thermal treatment at 180°C for 12 hours. After the treatment, dry the anhydrous ethanol to obtain a nanocarbon catalyst doped with Fe and N elements.

[0043] The cathode was prepared as follows:

[0044] The synthesized nanocarbon catalyst was mixed with membrane solution (Nafion solution) and anhydrous ethanol to form a slurry, and then the slurry was evenly sprayed on the other side of the carbon cloth with a waterproof layer on one side to make the catalyst loading 1 mg cm -2 , and then fully dried to obtain the desired cathode.

[0045] A rubber strip 11 is provided at one end of the anode 10, and the rubber strip 11 matches the opening. The rubber strip 11 has a sealing function, and the rubber strip 11 is provided on the aluminum mesh, so that the aluminum mesh can be replaced conveniently.

[0046] When the electrolyte chamber is filled with KOH electrolyte, the two electrodes are connected to an external circuit and a load to form a circuit discharge. During the discharge process, the metal aluminum anode generates electrons and is oxidized to Al 3+ , and combined with OH in the electrolyte - Al(OH)3 is generated. The cathode is a porous gas diffusion electrode. Oxygen enters the air electrode and obtains electrons to be reduced to OH - In this process, the chemical energy of aluminum metal is converted into electrical energy. When the battery is working, electrons flow from the anode to the cathode through the external circuit to generate current, OH - Ions flow from the cathode to the anode through the internal electrolyte, thus forming a current loop. The electrode reaction equation is as follows:

[0047] Anodic reaction: 4Al-12e-→4Al3+

[0048] Cathode reaction: 3O2+6H2O+12e-→2OH -

[0049] Total battery reaction: 4Al+3O2+6H2O→4Al(OH)3

[0050] The following specific experiments will illustrate the effect of high-performance aluminum batteries.

[0051] The cost of nanocarbon catalyst is 1 / 22 of that of precious metal Pt, which greatly improves the battery's power generation performance at a low cost. After the battery is assembled, the battery is tested at 22 degrees Celsius by an electrochemical workstation for the battery's discharge curve and power density curve. A cheap non-precious metal nanocarbon catalyst is used for the aluminum-air battery cathode. At the same time, an aluminum-air battery structure with two non-precious metal cathodes is designed to increase the reaction contact area and greatly improve the cathode's power generation performance; the battery performance is tested by experimental methods, and the results show that the battery open circuit voltage is as high as 1.38V (such as Figure 5 The peak power density of the dual cathode battery is 26.61 W / L, which is 1.42 times that of the single cathode battery (18.72 W / L) (as shown in Figure 6 As shown), this shows that the power generation performance of the dual cathode battery is better than that of the traditional single cathode battery, and it has good stability, which greatly improves the power generation performance of the battery at a low cost, has strong feasibility, and can effectively improve the battery performance. In this embodiment, the electrolyte chamber: the bottom is a circle with a diameter of 3cm, the height is 1cm, and the volume is 7.065cm 3

[0052] Therefore, the utility model adopts the above-mentioned high-performance dual-cathode aluminum-air battery based on the non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode. The designed dual-cathode battery has better power generation performance than the traditional single-cathode battery, and at the same time has good stability. It greatly improves the battery's power generation performance at a low cost, has strong feasibility, and can effectively improve battery performance. The battery has a simple structure, uses raw materials from a wide range of sources, and can be changed according to different usage environments and requirements. It has strong adaptability and can be used as a power battery as well as a long-life, high-energy-density signal battery.

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the utility model with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims

1. A high-performance dual cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first cover plate, a second cover plate and a third cover plate, wherein the first cover plate and the second cover plate have the same structure, a first opening, a second opening and a third opening are respectively arranged in the middle of the first cover plate, the second cover plate and the third cover plate, a first thin titanium sheet, a first cathode and a first silicone gasket are arranged in sequence between the first cover plate and the second cover plate, a second thin titanium sheet, a second cathode and a second silicone gasket are arranged in sequence between the third cover plate and the second cover plate, an anode is arranged in the middle of the second cover plate, an opening is arranged in the second cover plate in a direction perpendicular to the second opening, and a groove is arranged inside the second cover plate on the opposite side of the opening.

2. A high-performance dual cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first thin titanium sheet, the first silicone gasket, the second thin titanium sheet and the second silicone gasket are respectively provided with a fourth opening, a fifth opening, a sixth opening and a seventh opening, and the diameters of the first opening, the second opening, the third opening, the fourth opening, the fifth opening, the sixth opening and the seventh opening are equal.

3. A high-performance dual cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first thin titanium sheet is arranged on a side close to the first cover plate, the second thin titanium sheet is arranged on a side close to the third cover plate, and the first cathode and the second cathode are both arranged on a side close to the second cover plate.

4. A high-performance dual cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first cathode and the second cathode are both carbon cloths with a hydrophobic and breathable layer on one side and a non-precious metal catalytic layer sprayed on the other side, wherein the side sprayed with the non-precious metal catalytic layer faces the second cover plate, and the side with the hydrophobic and breathable layer faces the air.

5. A high-performance dual cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode according to claim 4, characterized in that: The anode is an aluminum mesh, and a rubber strip is arranged at one end of the anode, and the rubber strip matches the opening.

6. A high-performance dual cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode according to claim 5, characterized in that: The anode passes through the opening and is plugged into the groove.

7. A high-performance dual cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second opening is filled with electrolyte.

8. A high-performance dual cathode aluminum-air battery based on a non-precious metal cathode aluminum mesh anode according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first cover plate, the second cover plate and the third cover plate are all made of acrylic plates.

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