Ram deflection compensation mechanism and machine tool

Abstract

The utility model discloses a ram deflection compensation mechanism, which belongs to the field of machine tools, and comprises a spindle box mechanism, a rotating mechanism, an eccentric mechanism and a driving mechanism, the spindle box mechanism comprises a spindle box body, an adjusting seat and a ram, the adjusting seat is arranged above the spindle box body, the spindle box body is provided with a shaft hole, the rotating mechanism comprises a rotating shaft and a connecting seat, the rotating shaft is arranged in the shaft hole, and the connecting seat is connected with the eccentric mechanism. The eccentric mechanism comprises an eccentric shaft and an adjusting seat, the eccentric shaft is installed in the shaft hole, the axis direction of the rotating shaft and the axis direction of the eccentric shaft are parallel to each other and do not coincide with each other, and the eccentric shaft is sleeved with the adjusting seat which is fixedly connected with the adjusting seat. The driving mechanism drives the eccentric shaft to rotate around the axis direction of the rotating shaft and drives the adjusting base to rotate, and therefore deflection compensation is conducted on the ram. The ram droop amount is dynamically compensated in real time through servo control, the compensation effect is good, and the precision is high. The utility model further relates to a machine tool comprising the ram deflection compensation mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of machine tools, in particular to a ram disturbance compensation mechanism and a machine tool comprising the ram disturbance compensation mechanism. Background Art

[0002] CNC horizontal boring and milling machines with rams include CNC planer-type horizontal boring and milling machines and CNC floor-type boring and milling machines. This type of machine tool greatly increases the processing range of the machine tool spindle because the ram can move axially, so it is widely used in various mechanical processing fields such as engineering machinery, mining machinery, chemical machinery, energy, shipbuilding, aerospace, etc. Due to the structural limitations of the boring and milling machine, the axial direction of the ram is always in the horizontal plane. When the ram is extended, it will produce downward disturbance deformation due to gravity, which will affect the processing accuracy of the machine tool. In order to improve the processing accuracy of the machine tool and overcome the disturbance deformation caused by gravity when the ram is extended, the commonly used methods currently include:

[0003] Method 1: Two oil cylinders are installed at the upper end of the ram. When the ram is extended, the oil cylinders pull the ram, causing the front end of the ram to produce an upward reverse deformation to compensate for the downward disturbance deformation of the ram. The compensation accuracy of this compensation method is greatly affected by the liquid pressure and flow. If the pressure and flow are not properly controlled, the compensation accuracy will be very poor. This method also has the problem of loosening the mounting screws of the pressure plate between the ram and the spindle box.

[0004] Method 2: A set of worm gear mechanism is installed at the upper front end of the spindle box. The servo motor is connected to the turbine shaft. One end of the wire rope crosses the fixed pulley at the top of the column and is connected to the worm. The other end of the wire rope crosses the fixed pulleys at the top and bottom of the column and is connected to the bottom surface of the rear end of the spindle box. When the ram extends to produce disturbance deformation, the servo motor can drive the turbine to rotate, and then drive the worm to move axially, and finally pull the front end of the spindle box up and the rear end down, so that the front end of the ram is tilted upward, thereby compensating for the downward disturbance deformation caused by the ram. The compensation accuracy of this compensation method is greatly affected by the wire rope. The elasticity and rigidity of the wire rope are different in the initial use and after a period of use, which will lead to unstable compensation accuracy. This method also has the problem of loosening the strip between the spindle box and the column. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, one of the objectives of the utility model is to provide a ram disturbance compensation mechanism which realizes ram disturbance compensation and has a compact structure and is easy to install.

[0006] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the second purpose of the utility model is to provide a machine tool which can realize pillow disturbance compensation while having a compact structure and easy installation.

[0007] One of the purposes of the utility model is achieved by the following technical solution:

[0008] 7. The swiftly and minutely adjusting device for a wood-planer working table as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adjusting seat is arranged on the top of the spindle housing, and the adjusting seat is arranged on the top of the spindle housing; the adjusting seat is arranged on the bottom of the spindle housing, and the adjusting seat is arranged on the bottom of the spindle housing to compensate for the disturbance of the ram.

[0009] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a servo motor, a large bevel gear, and a small bevel gear. The servo motor is located outside the spindle box, the large bevel gear is installed on the eccentric shaft, and the small bevel gear is installed in the axial hole of the spindle box. One end of the small bevel gear is transmission connected to the servo motor, and the other end of the small bevel gear is meshed with the large bevel gear.

[0010] Furthermore, the driving mechanism also includes a reducer and a reducer seat, the reducer seat is located in the shaft hole, the reducer is installed on the reducer seat and is located outside the spindle box, the input end of the reducer is connected to the output end of the servo motor, and the output end of the reducer is connected to the small bevel gear.

[0011] Furthermore, the spindle box mechanism also includes a plurality of spring steel plates, some of which are arranged on the adjustment seat along the length direction of the ram, and some of which are arranged on the adjustment seat along a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the ram.

[0012] Furthermore, the spindle box mechanism also includes a plurality of pressure plates, one side of the pressure plate is connected to the spindle box body, and the other side of the pressure plate presses the adjustment seat against the end surface.

[0013] Furthermore, the spindle box mechanism also includes a ram feed mechanism, which is arranged at the bottom of the ram, and both ends of the ram feed mechanism are fixedly connected to the adjustment seat, and the nut on the ram feed mechanism is connected to the ram.

[0014] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism also includes two first bearings, a first spacer sleeve, a first pressure cover, and a first locking member. The two first bearings are respectively arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft. The first spacer sleeve is arranged at the front end of the first bearing and is fixedly connected to the first pressure cover. The first pressure cover is fixedly mounted on the spindle housing through the first locking member.

[0015] Furthermore, the eccentric mechanism also includes two second bearings, a second spacer sleeve, a second pressure cover, and a second locking piece. The two second bearings are respectively arranged at both ends of the eccentric shaft. The second spacer sleeve is arranged at the front end of the second bearing and is fixedly connected to the second pressure cover. The second pressure cover is fixedly mounted on the spindle housing through the second locking piece.

[0016] The second purpose of the utility model is achieved by the following technical solution:

[0017] A machine tool comprises any one of the above-mentioned ram disturbance compensation mechanisms.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the ram disturbance compensation mechanism of the utility model includes a spindle box mechanism, a rotating mechanism, an eccentric mechanism, and a driving mechanism. The spindle box mechanism includes a spindle box body, an adjustment seat, and a ram. The adjustment seat is installed above the spindle box body, and the ram is slidably installed on the adjustment seat. The spindle box body is provided with an axial hole. The rotating mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a connecting seat. The rotating shaft is installed in the axial hole. The connecting seat sleeve is arranged outside the rotating shaft and is fixedly connected to the adjusting seat. The eccentric mechanism includes an eccentric shaft and an adjusting seat. The eccentric shaft is installed in the axial hole. The axial direction of the rotating shaft is parallel to the axial direction of the eccentric shaft and does not overlap. The adjusting seat sleeve is arranged outside the eccentric shaft and is fixedly connected to the adjusting seat. The driving mechanism drives the eccentric shaft to rotate around the axial direction of the rotating shaft and drives the adjusting seat to rotate, thereby compensating the ram for disturbance. The present application dynamically compensates the ram droop in real time through servo control, with good compensation effect and high precision. The present application has a compact structure, is easy to install, and has low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the ram disturbance compensation mechanism of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating mechanism of the ram disturbance compensation mechanism;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the eccentric mechanism of the ram disturbance compensation mechanism;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the drive mechanism of the slide disturbance compensation mechanism.

[0023] In the figure: 10, spindle box mechanism; 11, spindle box body; 12, adjustment seat; 13, spring steel plate; 14, pressure plate; 15, slide; 16, slide feeding mechanism; 20, rotating mechanism; 21, rotating shaft; 22, connecting seat; 23, first bearing; 24, first spacer; 25, first pressure cover; 26, first locking piece; 30, eccentric mechanism; 31, eccentric shaft; 32, adjustment seat; 33, second bearing; 34, second spacer; 35, second pressure cover; 36, second locking piece; 40, driving mechanism; 41, large bevel gear; 42, small bevel gear; 43, reducer seat; 44, reducer; 45, servo motor; 46, locking nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0025] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may be another intermediate component through which it is fixed. When a component is considered to be "connected to" another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be another intermediate component at the same time. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may be another intermediate component at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art in the technical field of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0027] Figure 1-4 The ram disturbance compensation mechanism of the utility model comprises a spindle box mechanism 10 , a rotating mechanism 20 , an eccentric mechanism 30 and a driving mechanism 40 .

[0028] In this embodiment:

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, the spindle box mechanism 10 includes a spindle box body 11 , an adjustment seat 12 , a spring steel plate 13 , a pressure plate 14 , a ram 15 , and a ram feeding mechanism 16 .

[0030] The adjustment seat 12 is installed above the spindle housing 11.

[0031] Part of the spring steel plate 13 is arranged on the adjustment seat 12 along the length direction of the slide 15, and part of the spring steel plate 13 is arranged on the adjustment seat 12 in a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the slide 15, which can ensure the connection strength between the adjustment seat 12 and the spindle housing 11 in the vertical direction and the axial direction of the slide 15. When the adjustment seat 12 and the spindle housing 11 rotate relative to each other during the compensation execution of the slide 15, the spring steel plate 13 can also undergo a slight elastic deformation to ensure the smooth compensation action of the slide 15.

[0032] The pressure plate 14 is arranged in the vertical direction of the joint position between the spindle housing 11 and the adjustment seat 12. One side of the pressure plate 14 is connected to the spindle housing 11, and the other side of the pressure plate 14 presses the adjustment seat 12 against the end surface to prevent the adjustment seat 12 from swinging left and right inside the spindle housing 11.

[0033] The ram feed mechanism 16 is arranged at the bottom of the ram 15, and both ends of the ram feed mechanism 16 are fixedly connected to the adjustment seat 12, and the nut on the ram feed mechanism 16 is connected to the ram 15. This structure makes the ram 15 compensation mechanism and the ram feed mechanism 16 independent of each other, and the feeding of the ram 15 is not affected by the compensation action of the ram 15.

[0034] like Figure 2 As shown, the rotating mechanism 20 includes a rotating shaft 21 , a connecting seat 22 , a first bearing 23 , a first spacer sleeve 24 , a first pressure cover 25 and a first locking member 26 .

[0035] The rotating shaft 21 is installed in the axial hole of the spindle housing 11 through the first bearings 23 at both ends, and is axially fixed on the spindle housing 11 through the first spacer 24, the first pressure cover 25 and the first locking member 26, and can rotate around the axial hole of the spindle housing 11.

[0036] The connecting seat 22 is sleeved on the middle position of the rotating shaft 21. The connecting seat 22 can rotate radially around the rotating shaft 21. The connecting seat 22 is connected to the bottom surface of the adjusting seat 12 through screws. The adjusting seat 12 can rotate with the rotating shaft 21 as the rotating axis.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the eccentric mechanism 30 includes an eccentric shaft 31 , an adjustment seat 32 , a second bearing 33 , a second spacer sleeve 34 , a second pressure cover 35 and a second locking member 36 .

[0038] The eccentric shaft 31 is installed in the axial hole of the spindle housing 11 through the second bearings 33 at both ends, and is fixed to the end of the axial hole of the spindle housing 11 through the second spacer 34, the second gland 35 and the second locking member 36. It can rotate around the axial hole of the spindle housing 11. The middle part of the eccentric shaft 31 cooperates with the adjustment seat 32, and the adjustment seat 32 is fixed to the bottom of the adjustment seat 12 by bolts. The axis direction of the rotating shaft 21 is parallel to the axis direction of the eccentric shaft 31 and does not overlap. When the eccentric shaft 31 rotates around the axial hole of the spindle housing 11, the adjustment seat 12 moves up and down with the adjustment seat 32.

[0039] like Figure 4 As shown, the driving mechanism 40 includes a large bevel gear 41 , a small bevel gear 42 , a reducer base 43 , a reducer 44 , a servo motor 45 , and a locking nut 46 .

[0040] The large bevel gear 41 is fixed to the end of the eccentric shaft 31 through a locking nut 46 and can rotate together with the eccentric shaft 31 .

[0041] The small bevel gear 42, the reducer base 43 and the locking nut 46 are installed in a set and then installed in the shaft hole of the spindle housing 11, and meshed with the large bevel gear 41. After the clearance between the two gears is adjusted, the reducer base 43 is fixed to the rear end of the spindle housing 11 with screws.

[0042] The reducer 44 is fixed on the reducer seat 43, and its output end is matched with the inner hole of the shaft end of the small bevel gear 42, and the torque is transmitted through the flat key.

[0043] The servo motor 45 is fixed at the end of the reducer 44, and the output shaft of the servo motor 45 is connected to the input end of the reducer 44. When the servo motor 45 is running, the motion can be transmitted to the eccentric shaft 31 and drive the eccentric shaft 31 to rotate after being decelerated by the reducer 44, the small bevel gear 42, and the large bevel gear 41. When the eccentric shaft 31 rotates, because the axis center line of the second bearings 33 at both ends is not concentric with the axis center line of the position where the adjustment seat 32 is installed in the middle, the eccentric shaft 31 will move in an elliptical trajectory in the vertical plane on the outer circumferential surface where the adjustment seat 32 is installed, and finally cause the adjustment seat 12 to swing from high to low at this position. By controlling the rotation range of the servo motor 45, the rotation of the eccentric shaft 31 can be limited to 90°, and by setting the zero point and direction, the two axis center lines of the eccentric shaft 31 are in the same horizontal plane.

[0044] In the present application, the rotating mechanism 20 is installed between the spindle housing 11 and the adjusting seat 12 near the front end of the spindle housing 11, and the eccentric mechanism 30 is installed between the spindle housing 11 and the adjusting seat 12 near the rear end of the spindle housing 11. When the ram 15 extends forward and droops, the servo motor 45 can be used to control the eccentric shaft 31 to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft 21, so that the eccentric shaft 31 drives the adjusting seat 12 to rotate clockwise with the rotating shaft 21 as the fulcrum, so as to adjust the state of the adjusting seat 12 to be high in front and low in the back, and finally achieve the purpose of lifting the front end of the ram 15. The present application uses servo control to dynamically compensate for the droop of the ram 15 in real time, with good compensation effect and high precision; the present application has a compact structure, is easy to install, and has low cost.

[0045] The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the utility model, and the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, without departing from the concept of the utility model, several modifications and improvements can be made, which are equivalent modifications and improvements made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the utility model, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A ram disturbance compensation mechanism, comprising a spindle box mechanism, characterized in that: The eccentric mechanism also includes a rotating mechanism, an eccentric mechanism, and a driving mechanism, wherein the spindle box mechanism includes a spindle box body, an adjusting seat, and a sliding block, the adjusting seat is installed above the spindle box body, the sliding block is slidably installed on the adjusting seat, the spindle box body is provided with an axial hole, the rotating mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a connecting seat, the rotating shaft is installed in the axial hole, the connecting seat sleeve is arranged on the outside of the rotating shaft and is fixedly connected to the adjusting seat, the eccentric mechanism includes an eccentric shaft and an adjusting seat, the eccentric shaft is installed in the axial hole, the axial direction of the rotating shaft is parallel to the axial direction of the eccentric shaft and does not overlap, the adjusting seat sleeve is arranged on the outside of the eccentric shaft and is fixedly connected to the adjusting seat, the driving mechanism drives the eccentric shaft to rotate around the axial direction of the rotating shaft and drives the adjusting seat to rotate, thereby compensating for the disturbance of the sliding block.

2. The ram disturbance compensation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism includes a servo motor, a large bevel gear, and a small bevel gear. The servo motor is located outside the spindle box, the large bevel gear is installed on the eccentric shaft, and the small bevel gear is installed in the axial hole of the spindle box. One end of the small bevel gear is transmission connected to the servo motor, and the other end of the small bevel gear is meshed with the large bevel gear.

3. The ram disturbance compensation mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism also includes a reducer and a reducer seat. The reducer seat is located in the shaft hole. The reducer is installed on the reducer seat and is located outside the spindle housing. The input end of the reducer is connected to the output end of the servo motor, and the output end of the reducer is connected to the small bevel gear.

4. The ram disturbance compensation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spindle box mechanism also includes a plurality of spring steel plates, some of which are arranged on the adjustment seat along the length direction of the ram, and some of which are arranged on the adjustment seat along a direction perpendicular to the length direction of the ram.

5. The ram disturbance compensation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spindle box mechanism also includes a plurality of pressing plates, one side of the pressing plate is connected to the spindle box body, and the other side of the pressing plate presses the adjustment seat against the end surface.

6. The ram disturbance compensation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spindle box mechanism also includes a ram feed mechanism, which is arranged at the bottom of the ram, and both ends of the ram feed mechanism are fixedly connected to the adjustment seat, and the nut on the ram feed mechanism is connected to the ram.

7. The ram disturbance compensation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating mechanism also includes two first bearings, a first spacer, a first pressure cover, and a first locking piece. The two first bearings are respectively arranged at both ends of the rotating shaft. The first spacer is arranged at the front end of the first bearing and is fixedly connected to the first pressure cover. The first pressure cover is fixedly installed on the spindle housing through the first locking piece.

8. The ram disturbance compensation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The eccentric mechanism also includes two second bearings, a second spacer sleeve, a second pressure cover, and a second locking piece. The two second bearings are respectively arranged at both ends of the eccentric shaft. The second spacer sleeve is arranged at the front end of the second bearing and is fixedly connected to the second pressure cover. The second pressure cover is fixedly mounted on the spindle housing through the second locking piece.

9. A machine tool, characterized in that: It comprises a ram disturbance compensation mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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