Fire-fighting escape self-rescue breathing mask with compressed oxygen bottle for isolated air supply

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of fire-fighting equipment, and discloses a fire-fighting escape self-rescue breathing mask with a compressed oxygen bottle for isolated air supply, which comprises a mask and an oxygen bottle, the oxygen bottle is connected with a press-type air outlet pipe and a shell, an air storage bag is arranged in the shell, and the air storage bag is connected with a pressure-type air outlet pipe. The pressing type air outlet pipe is communicated with the interior of the air storage bag through a hose, the air storage bag is connected with the air inlet end of a carbon dioxide filter through a hose, the air outlet end of the carbon dioxide filter is connected with an oxygen supply pipe, and the end, away from the carbon dioxide filter, of the oxygen supply pipe is connected with an inspiration nasal plug. And a one-way air inlet valve is arranged on the carbon dioxide filter. The oxygen bottle releases oxygen to be inhaled by trapped persons, the trapped persons do not need to inhale air in the environment, the problem that an existing filter material cannot completely filter all poisonous and harmful ingredients is fundamentally solved, and breathing of the trapped persons is isolated from the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fire fighting equipment, in particular to a fire fighting escape self-rescue breathing mask with a compressed oxygen cylinder isolated gas supply. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the acceleration of urbanization, high-rise buildings and large building complexes have sprung up like mushrooms after a rain. The safety issues of these buildings, especially fire safety issues, have become the focus of social attention. When a fire occurs, people inside the building need to evacuate quickly, and smoke is one of the main causes of escape difficulties and casualties. Smoke can not only quickly fill up the space and reduce visibility, but also contain a variety of toxic and harmful gases, such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide, which pose a serious threat to human health.

[0003] Traditional filtering smoke masks mainly rely on filter materials to absorb or filter toxic gases and particulate matter in the air. However, these masks have several significant limitations:

[0004] In a closed or low-oxygen environment, a filtering smoke mask cannot provide additional oxygen, which limits the survival time of trapped persons in a dense smoke and low-oxygen environment. There is a problem that the survival time of trapped persons in a dense smoke and low-oxygen environment is short.

[0005] In a high-concentration toxic smoke environment, existing filter materials cannot completely filter out all toxic and harmful components, especially under long-term exposure or extreme conditions. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with its own compressed oxygen cylinder isolated air supply, which aims to solve the problem that when escaping from a fire in a high-rise building or a large building complex, trapped people have to pass through a thick smoke area, and the traditional filtering smoke mask cannot effectively provide the user with the oxygen supply required for the evacuation process, and cannot completely and effectively isolate and filter toxic and harmful smoke in a high-concentration toxic smoke environment.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the utility model is implemented through the following technical solutions: a fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with a compressed oxygen cylinder isolated air supply, comprising a mask and an oxygen cylinder, the oxygen cylinder is connected to a push-type air outlet pipe, the oxygen cylinder is connected to a shell, an air storage bag is arranged inside the shell, the push-type air outlet pipe is communicated with the interior of the air storage bag through a hose, the air storage bag is connected to the air inlet end of a carbon dioxide filter through a hose, the air outlet end of the carbon dioxide filter is connected to an oxygen supply pipe, the end of the oxygen supply pipe away from the carbon dioxide filter is connected to an inhalation nasal plug, a one-way air inlet valve is arranged on the carbon dioxide filter, a side wall of the shell is connected to the mask, a side of the shell close to the mask is open, and the interior of the mask is communicated with the interior of the shell.

[0008] Preferably, the oxygen cylinder is connected to a threaded seat surrounding the push-type air outlet pipe, a pressing plate is fixedly connected to the push-type air outlet pipe, and a threaded sleeve threadedly connected to the threaded seat is provided on the shell, and the threaded sleeve is located outside the push-type air outlet pipe and inside the threaded seat.

[0009] Preferably, the air storage bag is annular.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the oxygen supply tube away from the carbon dioxide filter is connected to the inhalation nasal plug through a U-shaped metal clip.

[0011] Preferably, a cover is provided on the shell, and a vent hole is provided on the cover.

[0012] Preferably, a one-way exhaust valve is provided on the mask.

[0013] Preferably, the mask is provided with at least one head strap and at least one neck strap, and both the head strap and the neck strap are elastic bands.

[0014] Preferably, the mask is provided with an eyepiece.

[0015] Beneficial Effects

[0016] The utility model provides a fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with a compressed oxygen cylinder and an isolated gas supply. The utility model provides an isolated gas supply system that does not rely on external gas components, and the system is safer and more reliable. Compared with traditional chemical oxygen self-rescue respirators, this system is more economical, lightweight and flexible, and more suitable for large-scale popularization and application. By protecting the lives of people trapped in the fire scene and reducing the risks of poisoning and suffocation, this design significantly improves the success rate of self-rescue and escape from the fire scene. During use, oxygen cylinders are used to provide new oxygen, and carbon dioxide filters are used to generate oxygen for users to inhale, so that the survival time of trapped people in dense smoke and low oxygen environments can be extended. In addition, the utility model releases oxygen through oxygen cylinders for trapped people to inhale, and there is no need for trapped people to inhale air in the environment, thereby solving the problem that the existing filter material cannot completely filter all toxic and harmful components at the root, so that the breathing of the trapped people is isolated from the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 The utility model is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with its own compressed oxygen cylinder isolated gas supply.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with its own compressed oxygen cylinder isolated gas supply, excluding the mask, as described in the utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 The utility model discloses an exploded view of a fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with its own compressed oxygen cylinder isolated gas supply, excluding the mask.

[0020] Figure 4 The utility model is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of a carbon dioxide filter and an oxygen supply pipe of a fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with its own compressed oxygen cylinder isolated gas supply.

[0021] Figure 5 The utility model is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the object of a fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with a compressed oxygen cylinder isolated gas supply. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0023] See also Figure 1-5The utility model provides a fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with a compressed oxygen cylinder isolated gas supply, comprising a mask 1 and an oxygen cylinder 2, the oxygen cylinder 2 is connected to a push-type air outlet pipe 3, the oxygen cylinder 2 is connected to a shell 6, an air storage bag 7 is arranged inside the shell 6, the push-type air outlet pipe 3 is communicated with the interior of the air storage bag 7 through a hose, the air storage bag 7 is connected to the air inlet end of a carbon dioxide filter 8 through a hose, the air outlet end of the carbon dioxide filter 8 is connected to an oxygen supply pipe 9, the end of the oxygen supply pipe 9 away from the carbon dioxide filter 8 is connected to an inhalation nasal plug 10, a one-way air inlet valve 14 is arranged on the carbon dioxide filter 8, the side wall of the shell 6 is connected to the mask 1, the side of the shell 6 close to the mask 1 is open, and the interior of the mask 1 is communicated with the interior of the shell 6.

[0024] When a fire occurs, the user wears the mask 1, inserts the inhalation nasal plug 10 into the nostrils, and turns on the oxygen cylinder 2. The oxygen in the oxygen cylinder 2 enters the air storage bag 7 through the push-type air outlet pipe 3 and the hose. When the user inhales through the nose, the oxygen in the air storage bag 7 passes through the carbon dioxide filter 8 and the oxygen supply pipe 9 and enters the user's nasal cavity. At the same time, the air storage bag 7 shrinks, and then the oxygen in the oxygen cylinder 2 fills the air storage bag 7 again, and the air storage bag 7 expands. When the user exhales through the mouth, part of the exhaled gas will be discharged through the mask 1, and part will remain in the mask 1 or the shell 6. When the user inhales again, the air remaining in the mask 1 enters the carbon dioxide filter 8 through the one-way air inlet valve 14, and the carbon dioxide filter 8 filters the carbon dioxide for the user to inhale.

[0025] In the present invention, the carbon dioxide filter 8 is designed to contain a reaction material containing sodium peroxide or potassium peroxide, which can react chemically with the carbon dioxide exhaled by the user to generate new oxygen. This design does not completely rely on the oxygen provided by the oxygen cylinder 2, but rather improves the overall utilization rate of oxygen by maximizing the use of unabsorbed oxygen in the user's exhaled gas and supplementing the oxygen generated by chemical reactions in the filter. In this process, although most of the exhaled gas will be re-inhaled, the carbon dioxide concentration in the exhaled gas can be effectively reduced through the action of the carbon dioxide filter 8, preventing confusion or coma caused by inhaling too high a concentration of carbon dioxide.

[0026] Considering that the oxygen concentration in the air is usually about 21%, and the human body does not absorb all the inhaled oxygen each time it breathes, and the exhaled gas still contains a certain proportion of oxygen, the design adopted by the utility model can make full use of this part of the remaining oxygen, and replenish fresh oxygen through the oxygen cylinder 2. At the same time, the filter provided can effectively filter the exhaled carbon dioxide, so that the mixed gas can meet the oxygen content required for human breathing again, and provide the required oxygen for the user when escaping from a fire.

[0027] The utility model provides an isolated gas supply system that does not rely on external gas components, and the system is safer and more reliable. Compared with traditional chemical oxygen self-rescue respirators, this system is more economical, lightweight and flexible, and more suitable for large-scale popularization and application. By protecting the lives of people trapped in the fire and reducing the risks of poisoning and suffocation, this design significantly improves the success rate of self-rescue and escape from the fire. During use, the oxygen cylinder 2 is used to provide new oxygen, and the carbon dioxide filter 8 is used to generate oxygen for the user to inhale, so that the survival time of the trapped person in the dense smoke and low oxygen environment can be extended. In addition, the utility model releases oxygen through the oxygen cylinder 1 for the trapped person to inhale, and the trapped person does not need to inhale the air in the environment, thereby solving the problem that the existing filter material cannot completely filter all toxic and harmful components at the root, so that the breathing of the trapped person is isolated from the environment.

[0028] Specifically, the oxygen cylinder 2 is connected with a threaded seat 4 surrounding the push-type air outlet pipe 3, a pressing sheet 5 is fixedly connected to the push-type air outlet pipe 3, and a threaded sleeve 20 threadedly connected to the threaded seat 4 is provided on the housing 6, and the threaded sleeve 20 is located outside the push-type air outlet pipe 3 and inside the threaded seat 4. When in use, the housing 6 is rotated, and the housing 6 drives the threaded sleeve 20 to rotate, and the threaded sleeve 20 performs a linear motion relative to the threaded seat 4. The movement of the threaded sleeve 20 directly squeezes the pressing sheet 5, and the pressing sheet 5 drives the push-type air outlet pipe 3 to move. By adjusting the tightness of the threaded connection between the threaded sleeve 20 and the threaded seat 4, the degree of pressing of the threaded sleeve 20 on the pressing sheet 5 can be adjusted, thereby realizing the adjustment of the pressing degree of the push-type air outlet pipe 3, and realizing the adjustment of the oxygen release flow rate in the oxygen cylinder 2. The configuration of the oxygen cylinder 2 and the push-type air outlet pipe 3 is a common structure of a portable oxygen cylinder at present. The push-type air outlet pipe 3 is a release mechanism connected to the oxygen cylinder interface, which allows the user to control the release of oxygen by a simple pressing operation. This air outlet pipe usually includes an operable valve. When the user presses, the valve opens, allowing oxygen to flow out of the oxygen cylinder. By releasing the pressure, the valve closes and stops the flow of oxygen. This design allows the user to easily adjust the flow of oxygen as needed. For example, the push-type air outlet pipe 3 can be, but is not limited to, a push-type air outlet pipe of a portable oxygen cylinder flow regulating device disclosed in the utility model patent with publication number CN210873534U.

[0029] Specifically, the air storage bag 7 is annular in shape. The air storage bag 7 is designed to be annular in shape to adapt to the shape of the housing 6 and to maximize the utilization of the internal space of the housing 6.

[0030] Specifically, one end of the oxygen supply tube 9 away from the carbon dioxide filter 8 is connected to the inhalation nasal plug 10 through a U-shaped metal clip 11. The U-shaped metal clip 11 can be clamped on the nasal septum and keep the inhalation nasal plug 10 stably in the nostril. The reason for choosing nasal inhalation instead of oral inhalation is that the user can maintain normal shouting and language communication capabilities during the evacuation process.

[0031] Specifically, the housing 6 is provided with a cover 12, and the cover 12 is provided with an air vent 13. The cover 12 is set to limit the air storage bag 7 and the carbon dioxide filter 8 so that the air storage bag 7 and the carbon dioxide filter 8 are in the housing 6. In addition, since the volume of the air storage bag 7 changes with the user's breathing during use, the air vent 13 is designed to balance the air pressure in the housing 6 to avoid negative pressure in the housing 6 and affect the user's breathing.

[0032] Specifically, the mask 1 is provided with a one-way exhaust valve 15, which is used to exhaust the gas exhaled by the person and prevent the external gas from entering the mask 1. Furthermore, a circulating air storage bag 19 is provided on the side of the mask 1, and the mask 1 is connected to the one-way exhaust valve 15 through the circulating air storage bag 19. The circulating air storage bag 19 is a soft elastic air bag used to store the gas exhaled by the human body. During each exhalation, the exhaled gas enters the circulating air storage bag 19 from the inhalation mask, and the circulating air storage bag 19 expands to the maximum volume. A small part of the gas that cannot be accommodated by the circulating air storage bag is discharged to the outside of the mask 1 through the one-way exhaust valve 15, and most of it is still stored in the circulating air storage bag 19. When the user inhales, the air in the circulating air storage bag 19 will be filtered through the carbon dioxide filter 8 for re-breathing. When inhaling again, the gas in the circulating air storage bag 19 is inhaled by the human body again, and the circulating air storage bag 19 shrinks.

[0033] Specifically, the mask 1 is provided with at least one head strap 16 and at least one neck strap 17, and both the head strap 16 and the neck strap 17 are elastic bands. The head strap 16 adjusts the tightness of wearing to ensure that it will not loosen or fall off during the escape process. The neck strap 17 can prevent air leakage and improve the airtightness inside the smoke mask. After the mask 1 is worn through the head strap 16 and the neck strap 17, the mask 1 fits tightly against the patient's face to prevent the thick smoke from the outside from entering the inside of the mask 1. Furthermore, the user can adjust the tightness of the binding of the head strap 16 and the neck strap 17 according to his or her head shape and needs to ensure that the mask can fit tightly against the face during emergency escape and will not loosen or slip due to movement. A rubber strip can also be provided at the joint between the mask 1 and the human face to improve the tightness of the mask 1, thereby isolating the human face from the outside. Among them, Figure 1Only a schematic diagram of the mask 1 is shown, and the product is not limited to this. The mask 1 can also be designed to completely wrap the patient's head. Due to the wide variety of masks currently available, they will not be described in detail here.

[0034] Specifically, the mask 1 is provided with an eyepiece 18. The eyepiece 18 provides a good field of vision for the user during escape, and blocks the damage to the eyes caused by dense smoke and toxic gases in the fire scene.

[0035] In order to verify the feasibility of this solution, the gas supply flow rate and oxygen content were calculated to accurately calculate the gas supply time of a single oxygen cylinder and reduce unnecessary waste of oxygen. The following calculation results are only used as supporting data for design feasibility and are not standard parameters for the final mass production of the product.

[0036] Known conditions:

[0037] Oxygen cylinder specifications: volume is 1L, the purity of the filled oxygen is 99.6%, and the filling pressure is 1.2Mpa. Under standard atmospheric pressure, it is equivalent to about 12L of oxygen.

[0038] Human breathing requirements: Oxygen content must not be less than 19.5% to avoid hypoxia. At the same time, if the concentration of inhaled carbon dioxide is too high, it may cause confusion or even coma.

[0039] Adult respiratory rate and oxygen consumption: When exercising (such as running fast), an adult breathes 15 to 20 liters per minute, consumes about 1.02 to 1.36 L of oxygen, exhales about 14.2% of oxygen, inhales about 0.037% of carbon dioxide, and exhales about 4% of carbon dioxide. The normal respiratory rate is 12 to 20 times per minute, and the tidal volume is 400 to 500 ml.

[0040] Calculation process:

[0041] Single bottle oxygen supply time: Based on the supply of a 12L oxygen bottle and a consumption rate of 1.02 to 1.36L per minute, the gas supply time is approximately 8.8 to 11.7 minutes.

[0042] Required gas flow rate: Assuming that a single bottle of oxygen can supply gas for 10 minutes, the calculated oxygen release per minute is 1.2L. Considering that the normal breathing rate is 20 times per minute, 60ml of oxygen needs to be released into the air reservoir every 3 seconds.

[0043] Oxygen content achieved in a single inhalation: Considering that the normal tidal volume is 500 ml, the oxygen content achieved in a single inhalation is calculated to be [60 ml + (500 ml - 60 ml) * 14.2%] ÷ 500 ml = 24.4%, which exceeds the 19.5% oxygen content standard required for human breathing.

[0044] Calculation results:

[0045] At a gas supply flow rate of 1.2L / min, a single 1L oxygen cylinder is expected to supply gas for 10 minutes, and the oxygen content of a single inhalation is 24.4%, which meets the oxygen content requirement of human breathing. It should be noted that the carbon dioxide concentration may increase during cyclic breathing. Therefore, a carbon dioxide filter is used to reduce the carbon dioxide concentration in the inhaled gas. The oxygen supply concentration after filtration will be further increased, which is conducive to ensuring the evacuation of people trapped in the fire.

[0046] Additional Notes:

[0047] This calculation takes into account a variety of factors in actual usage scenarios, including the filling conditions of oxygen cylinders, human respiratory needs and carbon dioxide filtration efficiency, ensuring the feasibility and safety of the design.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

Claims

1. A fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with its own compressed oxygen cylinder isolated gas supply, comprising a mask (1) and an oxygen cylinder (2), characterized in that: The oxygen cylinder (2) is connected to a push-type air outlet pipe (3), the oxygen cylinder (2) is connected to a shell (6), an air storage bag (7) is arranged inside the shell (6), the air storage bag (7) passes through, the push-type air outlet pipe (3) is communicated with the inside of the air storage bag (7) through a hose, the air storage bag (7) is connected to the air inlet end of a carbon dioxide filter (8) through a hose, the air outlet end of the carbon dioxide filter (8) is connected to an oxygen supply pipe (9), the end of the oxygen supply pipe (9) away from the carbon dioxide filter (8) is connected to an inhalation nasal plug (10), the carbon dioxide filter (8) is provided with a one-way air inlet valve (14), the side wall of the shell (6) is connected to the mask (1), the side of the shell (6) close to the mask (1) is open, and the inside of the mask (1) is communicated with the inside of the shell (6).

2. A fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with its own compressed oxygen cylinder isolated gas supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen cylinder (2) is connected to a threaded seat (4) surrounding the push-type air outlet pipe (3); a pressing plate (5) is fixedly connected to the push-type air outlet pipe (3); a threaded sleeve (20) threadedly connected to the threaded seat (4) is provided on the shell (6); the threaded sleeve (20) is located outside the push-type air outlet pipe (3) and inside the threaded seat (4).

3. A fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with its own compressed oxygen cylinder isolated gas supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air storage bag (7) is annular.

4. A fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with its own compressed oxygen cylinder isolated gas supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the oxygen supply tube (9) away from the carbon dioxide filter (8) is connected to the inhalation nasal plug (10) via a U-shaped metal clip (11).

5. A fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with its own compressed oxygen cylinder isolated gas supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell (6) is provided with a cover body (12), and the cover body (12) is provided with a vent hole (13).

6. A fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with its own compressed oxygen cylinder isolated gas supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mask (1) is provided with a one-way exhaust valve (15).

7. A fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with its own compressed oxygen cylinder isolated gas supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mask (1) is provided with at least one head strap (16) and at least one neck strap (17), and both the head strap (16) and the neck strap (17) are elastic bands.

8. The fire escape self-rescue breathing mask with its own compressed oxygen cylinder isolated gas supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mask (1) is provided with an eyepiece (18).

Images