Digging and harvesting machine for cyperus esculentus

Abstract

The utility model relates to a mandulapalka excavating and harvesting machine which comprises a machine frame, and a depth limiting wheel, a barrier removing device, a vibration excavating device, a rotary tillage excavating device, a scattering device, a conveying device and a transmission system are sequentially installed on the machine frame in the direction from the front end to the rear end of the machine frame. The machine frame is used for supporting and fixing other devices, the depth limiting wheel is used for limiting the digging depth, the obstacle removing device is used for stripping obstacles large in size and protecting the digging part device, and the vibration digging device and the rotary tillage digging device have the digging, scattering, throwing and swallowing effects on cyperus esculentus. The conveying device conveys cyperus esculentus aggregate backwards, and the transmission system is installed on one side of the outer portion of the machine frame and provides proper rotating speed and torque for all moving devices. According to the cyperus esculentus digging and conveying device, mechanical operation such as digging, impurity removal and conveying of cyperus esculentus is achieved, the damage rate of cyperus esculentus in the operation process is reduced, and labor efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a cyperus rotundus digging and harvesting machine. Background Art

[0002] As an economic crop that integrates grain, oil, and feed, cyperus rotundus has strong adaptability, and its underground root system is well developed, which has the function of preventing wind and fixing sand. The difficulty of harvesting is a bottleneck problem restricting the development of the cyperus rotundus industry. When harvesting manually, the plants must be pulled up first, the sand and soil at the roots must be removed, and then screened, which is inefficient and labor-intensive. At present, the existing machinery has problems such as relatively single mechanization function in the cyperus rotundus process, poor separation effect of cyperus rotundus and soil, and cyperus rotundus is easy to break. Therefore, efficiently completing the cyperus rotundus harvest in a short time is of great significance to promoting the development of the cyperus rotundus industry. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a cyperus rotundus digging and harvesting machine, aiming at realizing efficient harvesting of cyperus rotundus.

[0004] A cyperus chinensis digging and harvesting machine comprises a frame. From the front end to the rear end of the frame, a limited depth wheel, an obstacle removal device, a vibration digging device, a rotary tillage digging device, a scattering device, a conveying device, and a transmission system are sequentially installed on the frame. Travel wheels are installed at both ends of the frame to facilitate the movement of the entire frame.

[0005] The main structure of the frame is left and right main beams, the above-mentioned device is installed between the left and right beams, the transmission system is fixed on the outer edge of the left beam, a connecting rod is arranged at the rear of the frame and is hinged with the traction device, the power source of the excavating device is provided by the traction device, and the power is transmitted to the transmission system through the transmission shaft.

[0006] The depth limiting wheel is installed at the front of the frame and in front of the vibrating excavation device, and is connected to the frame to form a rotating pair, so as to adjust the excavation depth and maintain the stability of the working depth of the machine.

[0007] Furthermore, the depth limiting wheel is in the shape of a cylindrical drum, and square teeth are evenly arranged on the surface to increase the friction between the soil and the depth limiting wheel.

[0008] The obstacle removal device includes a main beam, a top plate, and a curved earth-turning plate. The main beam is in a herringbone shape with a middle angle of 168° and both sides are fixed to the frame by bolts. There are 7 top plates in total, which are evenly welded to the lower end of the main beam, with their front edges tilted upward and rounded corners on the bottom of the front end. There are two curved earth-turning plates, which are symmetrically welded along the herringbone main beam and are in an arc shape. A 5 cm straight plate is welded at the lower end, and the straight plate is close to the front edge of the vertical plate.

[0009] The vibrating excavation device includes a camshaft, an excavating shovel, and a return spring mechanism. The camshaft is installed between the frames and forms a rotating pair connection therewith, and is used to drive the shovel body to produce high-frequency vibrations. Both sides of the excavating shovel are designed with protruding push rods to cooperate with the cams. In addition, return spring mechanisms are installed on both sides of the excavating shovel to assist the cam mechanism in completing high-frequency vibrations.

[0010] Furthermore, by analyzing the factors that affect the digging resistance, the entry angle of the digging shovel is designed to be 20°.

[0011] The rotary tillage excavation device comprises a rotary tillage blade seat and a rotary tillage blade. The rotary tillage blade seat is mounted on a frame and connected to the frame via a bearing to form a rotary pair. An array of rotary tillage blades are evenly fixedly mounted on the rotary tillage blade seat for excavation of cyperus oleifera.

[0012] Furthermore, the rotary tiller seat is also designed with a throwing guide blade in a U shape, which reduces blade wear as the rotary tiller rotates at high speed, thereby ensuring accurate throwing position.

[0013] Furthermore, the rotary tiller adopts reverse rotation excavation, which reduces the wear and working resistance of the rotary tiller and improves the quality of excavating and harvesting cyperus oleifera.

[0014] Furthermore, the rotary tillage and excavation device is arranged above the digging shovel, the rotary tillage blade cuts, scatters and throws the mixture of cyperus oleifera, roots and sand, and the digging shovel feeds the mixture being cut as a whole.

[0015] The breaking device includes a transmission roller, a vibrating screen, and a cam. The cam is installed in one side of a frame, located at the lower left side of the vibrating screen and drives the vibrating screen to vibrate at high frequency. The vibrating screen is designed with dense grid holes for screening sand and other impurities. A transmission roller is arranged above the vibrating screen. The transmission roller is installed between the frames through a bearing and is used to break up and throw the cyperus oleifera aggregates.

[0016] Furthermore, the roller is designed with five evenly arranged discs on an optical axis and is evenly surrounded by ten horizontal bars, and two tooth nails are staggered and welded on each horizontal bar.

[0017] The conveying device comprises a conveyor belt mechanism and an auger conveying mechanism. The conveyor belt mechanism is installed behind the breaking device and is used to convey the cyperus oleifera aggregates upwards. The auger mechanism is installed behind the conveyor belt mechanism and is used to convey the cyperus oleifera aggregates to the left side in a centralized and horizontal manner.

[0018] Furthermore, the conveyor belt mechanism has two sets, which are closely symmetrically arranged and at an angle of 40° to the ground, and are installed on the frame through a central axis. The conveyor belt mechanism includes an upper central axis, a lower central axis, a sprocket, a chain, and a scraper. The upper central axis is fixed to the frame on both sides through bearings, and the lower central axis is fixed to the frame on both sides through bearings. The scraper is an L-shaped structure, and its two ends are fixed to the chain links and distributed along the chain link array; the chain is sleeved on the sprocket, and the sprocket is fixed to the central axis by a key.

[0019] Furthermore, the auger conveying mechanism is installed on the rear side of the conveyor belt mechanism, which includes an auger and a machine slot. The auger is installed on the frame through a bearing, and the machine slot is installed in a U shape under the auger to cover the auger and enclose the material in a certain space for easy auger conveying.

[0020] The transmission system includes a transmission cover, a bevel gear reducer, and a transmission long shaft. The transmission cover is fixedly installed on one side of the frame. The bevel gear reducer is fixedly installed on the left beam of the frame by bolts, and outputs power to the transmission long shaft. The transmission long shaft can drive a rotary tillage excavation device, a vibrating excavation device, a scattering device, and a conveying device through gears, belts, chains, etc. This is a prior art well known to those skilled in the art and will not be repeated here.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0022] 1. The cyperus rotundus digging and harvesting machine described in the utility model adopts a combined operation mode of rotary tillage and vibration digging to improve the digging efficiency of cyperus rotundus and reduce the breakage rate during the digging process;

[0023] 2. The obstacle removal device of the utility model can push large debris to both sides when encountering it, so as to prevent the rotary tiller blade from colliding with the debris and being damaged;

[0024] 3. The rotary tillage excavation device described in the utility model is designed with a throwing guide blade on the rotary tillage blade seat, which is U-shaped, arranged on the rotary tillage blade base and fixed as a whole, and cooperates with the rotary tillage blade to throw, thereby reducing the wear of the rotary tillage blade, achieving accurate throwing of the mixture, and subsequent continuous transportation;

[0025] 4. The scraper of the conveyor belt mechanism of the utility model is designed with an L-shaped scraper, which can reduce the phenomenon of the cyperus oleifera aggregates falling back and blocking during the conveying process;

[0026] 5. The conveyor belt mechanism described in the utility model adopts a multi-channel conveying device, which can reduce the conveying pressure of a single scraper, which is beneficial to improving the conveying efficiency and cleaning rate of cyperus rotundus. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1This is a structural schematic diagram of the cyperus oleifera digging and harvesting machine of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the obstacle removal device of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vibrating excavation device and the rotary tillage excavation device of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model's breaking device;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the transmission system of the utility model.

[0033] In the figure, 1. frame, 2. depth limiting wheel, 3. obstacle removal device, 4. vibrating excavation device, 5. rotary tillage excavation device, 6. breaking device, 7. conveying device, 8 transmission system, 9. walking wheel, 10. main beam frame, 11. top plate, 12. curved surface turning plate, 13. camshaft, 14. digging shovel, 15. return spring mechanism, 16. rotary tillage blade seat, 17. rotary tillage blade, 18. throwing guide, 19. transmission roller, 20. vibrating screen, 21. cam, 22. conveyor belt mechanism, 23. auger conveying mechanism, 24. upper center shaft, 25. lower center shaft, 26. sprocket, 27. chain, 28. scraper, 29. auger, 30. machine slot, 31. transmission cover, 32. bevel gear reducer, 33. transmission long shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following is a further description of the drawings of the utility model patent in conjunction with the drawings. Figure 1 , 2 , 3, 4, 5, and 6.

[0035] A cyperus oleifera digging and harvesting machine comprises a frame 1. Along the direction from the front end to the rear end of the frame 1, a limited depth wheel 2, an obstacle removal device 3, a vibration digging device 4, a rotary tillage digging device 5, a scattering device 6, a conveying device 7, and a transmission system 8 are sequentially installed on the frame. Traveling wheels 9 are installed at both ends of the frame to facilitate the movement of the entire frame.

[0036] In this embodiment, the main structure of the frame 1 is the left and right main beams, the above-mentioned device is installed between the left and right beams, the transmission system 8 is fixed on the outer edge of the left beam, and a connecting rod is provided at the rear of the frame to be hinged with the traction device. The power source of the whole machine is provided by the traction device, and the power is transmitted to the transmission system 8 through the transmission shaft.

[0037] In this embodiment, in order to solve the problem that the front end excavating device is easy to sink into depth when walking, a depth limiting wheel 2 is set at the front end of the frame 1 to control the excavation depth. The depth limiting wheel 2 is installed at the frontmost part of the frame 9 and forms a rotating pair connection with the frame 9.

[0038] Furthermore, the depth limiting wheel 2 is in the shape of a cylindrical drum, and square teeth are evenly arranged on the surface to increase the friction between the soil and the depth limiting wheel 2 .

[0039] In this embodiment, the working environment of the cyperus rotundus excavation and harvesting machinery is usually more complicated. It is inevitable that there are some large stones, wood piles and other debris in the sandy soil, which will cause serious damage to the high-speed rotating rotary blade. The obstacle removal device 3 is set in front of the excavation device to effectively avoid the above problems. The obstacle removal device 3 includes a main beam frame 10, a top plate 11, and a curved surface soil turning plate 12. The main beam frame is in a herringbone shape, with a middle angle of 168°, and both sides are fixed to the frame by bolts; there are 7 top plates 11, which are evenly welded at the lower end of the main beam frame 10, and its front edge is tilted upward, and the bottom of the front end has a rounded corner; there are two curved surface soil turning plates 12, which are symmetrically welded along the herringbone main beam frame 10, and are in an arc shape. A 5cm straight plate is welded at the lower end, and the straight plate is close to the front edge of the vertical plate. When working, the top plate 11 goes deep into the soil, and the obstacles in the soil will be forced to move upward along the inclined front edge of the vertical plate into the curved surface soil turning plate 12, and the soil turned up will overflow to both sides of the herringbone.

[0040] In this embodiment, in order to achieve efficient excavation of cyperus oleifera and reduce the breakage rate during the excavation process, a combination of vibration excavation and rotary tillage excavation is used.

[0041] The vibrating excavation device 4 includes a camshaft 13, an excavating shovel 14, and a return spring mechanism 15. The camshaft 13 is installed between the frame 1 and forms a rotating pair connection therewith, and is used to drive the shovel body to generate high-frequency vibration. The two sides of the excavating shovel 14 are designed with protruding push rods to cooperate with the cam. In addition, the two sides of the excavating shovel 14 are also installed with a return spring mechanism 15 to assist the excavating shovel 14 in completing high-frequency vibration.

[0042] Furthermore, by analyzing the factors that affect the digging resistance, the entry angle of the digging shovel 14 is designed to be 20°.

[0043] The rotary tillage excavation device 5 comprises a rotary tillage blade seat 16 and a rotary tillage blade 17. The rotary tillage blade seat is mounted on a frame and connected to the frame via a bearing to form a rotary pair. An array of rotary tillage blades are evenly fixedly mounted thereon for excavation of cyperus oleifera.

[0044] Furthermore, the rotary tiller seat is also designed with a throwing guide 18 in a U shape, which reduces the wear of the blade as the rotary tiller 17 rotates at a high speed, so that the throwing position is accurate.

[0045] Furthermore, the rotary tiller 17 adopts reverse rotation excavation, which reduces the wear and working resistance of the rotary tiller 17 and improves the quality of excavated and harvested cyperus oleifera.

[0046] Furthermore, the rotary tillage and excavation device is arranged above the digging shovel 14, and the rotary tillage blade 17 cuts, scatters and throws the mixture of cyperus oleifera, roots and sand, and the digging shovel feeds the mixture being cut as a whole.

[0047] In this embodiment, in order to achieve preliminary impurity removal of cyperus oleifera, a breaking device 6 is provided in front of the conveying device 7. In particular, tooth nails are provided on the roller to break up the cyperus oleifera aggregates, which is beneficial to improve the impurity removal effect and reduce the power consumption of the conveying device.

[0048] The breaking device 6 includes a transmission roller 19, a vibrating screen 20, and a cam 21. The cam 21 is installed in one side of the frame 1, located at the lower right side of the vibrating screen 20 and drives the vibrating screen 20 to vibrate at high frequency. The vibrating screen 20 is designed with dense grid holes for screening sand and other impurities. A transmission roller 19 is arranged above the vibrating screen 20. The transmission roller 19 is installed in the frame 1 through a bearing to achieve the breaking and throwing of the cyperus oleifera aggregates.

[0049] Furthermore, the transmission roller 19 is designed with five evenly arranged discs on an optical axis and is evenly surrounded by ten horizontal bars, and two tooth nails are staggered and welded on each horizontal bar.

[0050] In this embodiment, in order to further remove impurities and thresh the cyperus juncea aggregates, a conveying device 7 is arranged behind the scattering device 6 to transport the cyperus juncea aggregates to the impurity removal device loaded by the traction device.

[0051] The conveying device 7 includes a conveyor belt mechanism 22 and an auger conveying mechanism 23. The conveyor belt mechanism 22 is installed behind the breaking device 6 and is used to convey the cyperus oleifera aggregates upward; the auger conveying mechanism 23 is installed behind the conveyor belt mechanism 22 and is used to convey the cyperus oleifera aggregates horizontally to the left side.

[0052] Furthermore, the conveyor belt mechanism 22 has two sets, which are closely symmetrically arranged and at an angle of 40° to the ground, and are installed on the frame through a central axis. The conveyor belt mechanism 22 includes an upper central axis 24, a lower central axis 25, a sprocket 26, a chain 27, and a scraper 28. The upper central axis 24 is fixed to the frame 1 on both sides through bearings, and the lower central axis 25 is fixed to the frame 1 on both sides through bearings. The scraper is an L-shaped structure, and its two ends are fixed to the chain links of the chain 27 and distributed along the chain 27 array; the chain 27 is sleeved on the sprocket 26, and the sprocket 26 is fixed to the upper and lower central axes by keys.

[0053] The auger conveying mechanism 23 includes an auger 29 and a machine slot 30. The auger 29 is mounted on the frame 1 through a bearing. The machine slot 29 is U-shaped and installed below the auger 29 to cover the auger 29 and enclose the material in a certain space for easy transportation by the auger 29.

[0054] In this embodiment, the transmission system is used to provide power for the mechanical devices involved above, and the transmission system includes a transmission cover 31, a bevel gear reducer 32, and a transmission long shaft 33. The transmission cover 31 is fixedly installed on one side of the frame 1 to provide sealing for the transmission components and increase the service life. The bevel gear reducer 32 is fixedly installed on the support beam on the rear side of the frame 1 by bolts, and the spline shaft is driven by the tractor or its traction device to input power to it, and the power is output to the transmission long shaft 33 after the direction is changed. The transmission long shaft 33 can distribute the speed and torque through a combination of gears, belts, chains, etc., to drive the vibration excavation device 4, the rotary tillage excavation device 5, the roller conveyor 6 and the auger conveyor 7, and specifically includes: a camshaft 13, a rotary tillage blade seat 16, a transmission roller 19, a cam 21, a conveyor belt mechanism 22, and an auger 29. This is a prior art well known to those skilled in the art and will not be repeated here.

[0055] The operation process of the utility model is as follows: before work, check the installation, lubrication and damage of each component; when working, the tractor or traction device is hinged with the connecting rod at the rear of the frame 1 to push the entire cyperus chinensis digging and harvesting device to move; in addition, the traction device of the operation also needs to provide power input, distribute and transmit power through the transmission system 8, and the speed and torque input from the spline shaft are output to the transmission long shaft 33 through the bevel gear reducer 32. The transmission long shaft 33 can distribute power through typical transmission methods such as gears, belts, chains, etc., to realize the movement of the vibration excavation device 4, the rotary tillage excavation device 5, the scattering device 6 and the conveying device 7; the rotary tillage blade 17 digs out the cyperus chinensis crop and the sand and soil of its roots and scatters it. At the same time, the camshaft 13 at the bottom of the digging shovel 14 rotates at a high speed, causing the shovel body to vibrate at a high frequency, and together throws the material to the vibrating screen 20 of the roller conveying device 6; the scattered material contains a large amount of sand, The stems, weeds, roots and cyperus rotundus are conveyed to the subsequent device by the rotating transmission roller 19 of the scattering device 6. Most of the cyperus rotundus are thrown backward by the teeth and nails welded by the transmission roller 19, and a small part of the cyperus rotundus is thrown forward under the action of centrifugal force. At the same time, the cam 21 at the bottom of the vibrating screen 20 rotates at a high speed, causing the vibrating screen 20 to vibrate at a high frequency. Large pieces of sand and soil are squeezed and broken up under the high-frequency vibration of the vibrating screen 20 and the action of the teeth and nails, and are sieved from the gaps between the screen bars of the vibrating screen 20. The material after the sand and soil are separated is thrown onto the scraper 28 of the conveyor belt mechanism and transported to the auger conveying mechanism 23 at an angle of 40° upward. The material is conveyed to one side under the action of the spiral blades of the auger 29 of the auger conveying mechanism 23, and is fully contacted with the screen holes of the machine slot 30, so as to further separate the cyperus rotundus from impurities. Finally, the separated cyperus rotundus enters an external tractor or other traction device for further impurity removal and threshing.

Claims

1. A cyperus oleifera digging and harvesting machine, comprising a frame, characterized in that: From the front end to the rear end of the frame, the frame is installed with limited depth wheels, obstacle removal devices, vibration excavation devices, rotary tillage excavation devices, breaking up devices, conveying devices, and transmission systems in sequence. Travel wheels are installed at both ends of the frame to facilitate the movement of the entire frame.

2. The cyperus oleifera digging and harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The obstacle removal device includes a main beam, a top plate, and a curved earth-turning plate. The main beam is in a herringbone shape with a middle angle of 168° and both sides are fixed to the frame by bolts. There are 7 top plates in total, which are evenly welded to the lower end of the main beam, with their front edges tilted upward and rounded corners on the bottom of the front end. There are two curved earth-turning plates, which are symmetrically welded along the herringbone main beam and are in an arc shape. A 5 cm straight plate is welded at the lower end, and the straight plate is close to the front edge of the vertical plate.

3. The cyperus oleifera digging and harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrating excavation device includes a camshaft, an excavating shovel, and a return spring mechanism. The camshaft is installed between the frames and forms a rotating pair connection therewith, and is used to drive the shovel body to produce high-frequency vibrations. Both sides of the excavating shovel are designed with protruding push rods to cooperate with the cams. In addition, return spring mechanisms are installed on both sides of the excavating shovel to assist the cam mechanism in completing high-frequency vibrations.

4. The cyperus oleifera digging and harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary tillage and excavation device includes a rotary tillage blade seat and a rotary tillage blade. The rotary tillage blade seat is installed on a frame and is connected to the frame through a bearing to form a rotating pair. An array of rotary tillage blades are evenly fixedly installed on the rotary tillage blade. The rotary tillage blade adopts reverse rotation excavation. In addition, a throwing guide blade is designed on the rotary tillage blade seat in a U shape for throwing cyperus oleifera to reduce the wear of the rotary tillage blade.

5. The cyperus oleifera digging and harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersing device comprises a transmission roller, a vibrating screen and a cam. A cam is arranged on the lower left side of the vibrating screen to drive the vibrating screen. A transmission roller is also arranged above the vibrating screen. A transmission roller tooth nail is welded on each horizontal bar of the transmission roller.

6. The cyperus oleifera digging and harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying device comprises a conveyor belt mechanism and an auger conveying mechanism. The conveyor belt mechanism is installed behind the breaking device and is used to convey the cyperus oleifera aggregates upwards. The auger mechanism is installed behind the conveyor belt mechanism and is used to convey the cyperus oleifera aggregates to the left side in a centralized and horizontal manner.

7. The cyperus oleifera digging and harvesting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The conveyor belt mechanism has two sets, which are closely symmetrically arranged and at an angle of 40° to the ground, and are installed on the frame through a central axis. The conveyor belt mechanism includes an upper central axis, a lower central axis, a sprocket, a chain, and a scraper. The upper central axis is fixed to the frame on both sides through bearings, and the lower central axis is fixed to the frame on both sides through bearings. The scraper is an L-shaped structure, and its two ends are fixed to the chain links and distributed along the chain link array; the chain is sleeved on the sprocket, and the sprocket is fixed to the central axis through a key.

8. The cyperus oleifera digging and harvesting machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The auger conveying mechanism is installed at the rear side of the conveyor belt mechanism, and includes an auger and a machine slot. The auger is installed on the frame through a bearing, and the machine slot is U-shaped and installed below the auger to cover the auger and enclose the material in a certain space for easy auger conveying.

9. The cyperus oleifera digging and harvesting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission system includes: a transmission cover is fixedly installed on one side of the frame, a reducer is arranged on the support beam at the rear side of the frame, the output end of the reducer is coaxially connected with the transmission long shaft, and the transmission long shaft can drive various devices through gears, belts, chains, etc.

Images