Millet ear and stalk separating harvester

Abstract

The utility model discloses a millet ear and stalk separating harvester which comprises a frame (1), wheels (2) are arranged at the bottom of the frame (1), a handrail (3) is arranged at the tail of the frame (1), and the millet ear and stalk separating harvester is characterized in that a harvesting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the frame (1), an engine (4) is arranged in the middle of the frame (1), and the output end of the engine (4) is connected with a driving wheel (6) in the harvesting mechanism through a belt (5). The harvester is simple in structure, ingenious in design, reasonable in layout and capable of automatically cutting, screening and separating millet ears and straw so as to facilitate subsequent collection of the millet ears.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of automatic harvesting of crops, in particular to a millet ear-stalk separating harvester. Background Art

[0002] Grains need to be harvested after they mature, and traditionally they need to be harvested manually, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, consumes a lot of human labor, and has low work efficiency. For this reason, a variety of automatic and semi-automatic grain harvesting devices are currently available on the market.

[0003] Grain harvesters abroad mainly present two main development directions: one is large-scale farm harvesters represented by European and American countries. Such harvesters are expensive, technically difficult, and have high harvesting efficiency, which greatly promotes the development of farm models in European and American countries. The second is small harvesters represented by Japan. Japan is a mountainous and hilly country with a serious aging population. The development of large-scale harvesting machinery cannot be based on the national conditions of the country, so the small harvester industry represented by "Kubota" was born. Most of the main grain producing areas in my country also mainly import and purchase harvesters such as "Kubota" and "Ward".

[0004] The grain harvester studied in China mainly adjusts the parameters of its cutting table, reel, harvested material transmission device, etc., as well as the overall layout, to obtain a complete millet harvester.

[0005] As an important food crop, millet has a wide planting area and consumer market in some regions. However, due to the differences in the growth habits and harvesting characteristics of millet crops from major crops such as wheat and rice, traditional harvesting machinery is not completely applicable, but as far as the current harvesting methods for millet are concerned: 1. The cost is high. The cost of a large harvester ranges from 100,000 to 300,000 yuan. 2. The grain loss is high, and the loss rate caused by machine harvesting remains high. According to survey data, the mechanical harvesting loss rate of one acre of millet is as high as 5%. 3. It has high requirements for infrastructure construction, and there must be special mechanized farming roads in the fields. Harvesters specifically for millet are needed to improve harvesting efficiency and reduce losses.

[0006] Therefore, a method or device capable of solving the above problems is now needed. Summary of the invention

[0007] The utility model aims to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art and proposes a harvester with simple structure, ingenious design, reasonable layout, and capable of realizing automatic cutting and screening and separation operations of millet ears and straws to facilitate subsequent collection of millet ears.

[0008] The technical solution of the utility model is: a millet ear stalk separation harvester, comprising a frame 1, a wheel 2 is arranged at the bottom of the frame 1, and a handrail 3 is arranged at the rear. The utility model is characterized in that: a harvesting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the frame 1, an engine 4 is arranged in the middle, and the output end of the engine 4 is connected to a driving wheel 6 in the harvesting mechanism through a belt 5.

[0009] The harvesting mechanism includes a main shaft 7 rotatably supported on the frame 1, one end of the main shaft 7 is connected to the center of the driving wheel 6, and two sets of symmetrically distributed first bevel gear transmission pairs 8 are arranged on the main shaft 7. The first bevel gear transmission pair 8 is connected to a driving sprocket driving rod 9 rotatably supported on the frame 1, and the other end of the driving sprocket driving rod 9 is connected to a driving sprocket, and the driving sprocket is arranged at the top of an upper gathering frame 10. There are two upper gathering frames 10, which are symmetrically distributed on the upper part of the frame 1. At the same time, the upper gathering frames 10 are tilted and form an angle of 50-60° with the horizontal plane. A passive sprocket is arranged at the bottom end of the upper gathering frame 10, and a transmission chain 11 is wound around the driving sprocket and the passive sprocket together, and a plurality of equally spaced supporting teeth 12 are arranged on the transmission chain 11.

[0010] The end of the main shaft 7 is also connected to a longitudinally distributed secondary shaft 14 through a second bevel gear transmission pair 13. The top and bottom ends of the secondary shaft 14 are respectively connected to the upper cutting assembly and the lower cutting assembly, and the upper cutting assembly and the lower cutting assembly have the same structure.

[0011] The upper cutting assembly includes a fixed tooth plate 15 fixed on the frame 1, a fixed tooth plate slider 16 is provided at the rear end of the fixed tooth plate 15, a movable tooth plate 17 is provided above the fixed tooth plate 15, and a first guide block 18 and a second guide block 19 are provided at the rear end of the movable tooth plate 17. The fixed tooth plate slider 16 is slidably connected in a first guide groove provided on the first guide block 18, a driving disk 20 is provided at the top end of the secondary shaft 14, and an eccentrically distributed driving disk slider 21 is provided on the top end surface of the driving disk 20, and the driving disk slider 21 is slidably connected in a second guide groove provided on the second guide block 19, and the first guide groove and the second guide groove are perpendicular to each other, and a plurality of cutting teeth 22 are provided at the front ends of the fixed tooth plate 15 and the movable tooth plate 17.

[0012] The secondary shaft 14 is also connected to a toothed belt driving wheel 23. The frame 1 is rotatably supported with three toothed belt driven wheels 24. The toothed belt driving wheel 23 and the toothed belt driven wheels 24 are wound with a toothed belt 25.

[0013] Two guide plates 26 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the frame 1. The guide plates 26 form an angle of 50-60° with the horizontal plane support. The guide plates 26 are composed of triangular plates. Two side edges of the two guide plates 26 facing each other form a trumpet-shaped guide channel. A passive roller 27 is rotatably supported on the bottom end surface of the guide plate 26. A plurality of arc-shaped pusher claws 28 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on the outer circumference of the passive roller 27, and the ends of the arc-shaped pusher claws 28 protrude from the outer edge of the guide plate 26.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0015] The millet ear-stalk separation harvester of the utility model embodiment has a simple structure, ingenious design and reasonable layout. It is designed to solve various problems caused by the unsuitability of traditional small-sized harvesters for millet harvesting, and a special structure is designed. It converts a torque output of an engine into multiple torque outputs through a set of ingenious transmission mechanisms, and drives the upper cutting component, the lower cutting component, the transmission chain and the toothed belt to move respectively. The upper cutting component can separate the straw from the ears of grain, and the lower cutting component can separate the straw from the rhizomes of millet. The ear-supporting teeth on the transmission chain can ensure that the ears of grain contact with the upper cutting component and are cut from the straw by it, and the toothed belt can transport the cut straw to one side of the travel route, so as to separate the straw from the ears of grain, and facilitate subsequent operators to pick up and collect the ears of grain. The operator only needs to push the harvester to move along the direction of the ridge to complete the cutting operation of the ears of grain on the millet. Compared with the traditional structure, a large amount of manpower can be saved and the harvesting efficiency can be improved. Moreover, the manufacturing process of this harvester is simple and the manufacturing cost is low, so it can be said that it has multiple advantages and is particularly suitable for promotion and application in this field, and its market prospect is very broad. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model (angle one).

[0017] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model (angle two).

[0018] Figure 3 It is a side view of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 It is a bottom view of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The specific implementation of the present utility model will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 5 As shown: A millet ear stalk separating harvester comprises a frame 1, a wheel 2 is arranged at the bottom of the frame 1, a handrail 3 is arranged at the rear, a harvesting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the frame 1, an engine 4 is arranged in the middle, and the output end of the engine 4 is connected to a driving wheel 6 in the harvesting mechanism through a belt 5.

[0022] The harvesting mechanism includes a main shaft 7 rotatably supported on the frame 1, one end of the main shaft 7 is connected to the center of the driving wheel 6, and two sets of symmetrically distributed first bevel gear transmission pairs 8 are arranged on the main shaft 7. The first bevel gear transmission pair 8 is connected to a driving sprocket driving rod 9 rotatably supported on the frame 1, and the other end of the driving sprocket driving rod 9 is connected to a driving sprocket, and the driving sprocket is arranged at the top of an upper gathering frame 10. There are two upper gathering frames 10, which are symmetrically distributed on the upper part of the frame 1. At the same time, the upper gathering frames 10 are tilted and form an angle of 50-60° with the horizontal plane. A passive sprocket is arranged at the bottom end of the upper gathering frame 10, and a transmission chain 11 is wound around the driving sprocket and the passive sprocket together, and a plurality of equally spaced supporting teeth 12 are arranged on the transmission chain 11.

[0023] The end of the main shaft 7 is also connected to a longitudinally distributed secondary shaft 14 through a second bevel gear transmission pair 13. The top and bottom ends of the secondary shaft 14 are respectively connected to the upper cutting assembly and the lower cutting assembly, and the upper cutting assembly and the lower cutting assembly have the same structure.

[0024] The upper cutting assembly includes a fixed tooth plate 15 fixed on the frame 1, a fixed tooth plate slider 16 is provided at the rear end of the fixed tooth plate 15, a movable tooth plate 17 is provided above the fixed tooth plate 15, and a first guide block 18 and a second guide block 19 are provided at the rear end of the movable tooth plate 17. The fixed tooth plate slider 16 is slidably connected in a first guide groove provided on the first guide block 18, a driving disk 20 is provided at the top end of the secondary shaft 14, and an eccentrically distributed driving disk slider 21 is provided on the top end surface of the driving disk 20, and the driving disk slider 21 is slidably connected in a second guide groove provided on the second guide block 19, and the first guide groove and the second guide groove are perpendicular to each other, and a plurality of cutting teeth 22 are provided at the front ends of the fixed tooth plate 15 and the movable tooth plate 17.

[0025] The secondary shaft 14 is also connected to a toothed belt driving wheel 23. The frame 1 is rotatably supported with three toothed belt driven wheels 24. The toothed belt driving wheel 23 and the toothed belt driven wheels 24 are wound with a toothed belt 25.

[0026] Two guide plates 26 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the frame 1. The guide plates 26 form an angle of 50-60° with the horizontal plane support. The guide plates 26 are composed of triangular plates. Two side edges of the two guide plates 26 facing each other form a trumpet-shaped guide channel. A passive roller 27 is rotatably supported on the bottom end surface of the guide plate 26. A plurality of arc-shaped pusher claws 28 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on the outer circumference of the passive roller 27, and the ends of the arc-shaped pusher claws 28 protrude from the outer edge of the guide plate 26.

[0027] The working process of the millet ear stalk separation harvester of the utility model embodiment is as follows: the operator holds the handrail 3 and pushes the harvester to move along the direction of the ridge. During the movement, the harvesting mechanism arranged in front of the harvester will cut the millet stalks and rhizomes planted on the ground, and cut the rhizomes and ears of grain apart, and at the same time, the stalks will be transported to one side of the travel route, and the ears of grain will directly fall onto the travel route, so as to realize the segmentation and separation of the ears of grain and the stalks. The operator following behind the cutting machine only needs to make the ears of grain and collect them.

[0028] During the movement of the frame 1, the engine 4 works to drive the main shaft 7 to rotate. When the main shaft 7 rotates, it will drive the two active sprocket drive rods 9 to rotate through the first bevel gear transmission pair 8, and then drive the active sprocket on the upper gathering frame 10 to rotate. When the active sprocket rotates, it will drive the transmission chain 11 to move. The transmission chains 11 on the two upper gathering frames 10 work synchronously at the same time, and the multiple ear-supporting teeth 12 arranged thereon also move accordingly. Since the upper gathering frames 10 are tilted as a whole, and the ears of grain at the top of the straw are usually in a drooping state, during the movement of this device, the straw will enter the gap between the two gathering frames 10, and the ears of grain at the top will be gradually lifted up under the action of the tilted gathering frames 10, and the ear-supporting teeth 12 will also move the straw and the ears of grain, so that the straw moves toward the direction of the upper cutting assembly, so that the ears of grain always remain in a relatively high position (to the straw);

[0029] The connection between the straw and the ear of grain will be cut by the upper cutting assembly, and the connection between the straw and the bottom rhizome will be cut by the lower cutting assembly. The ear of grain falls from the top of the upper cutting assembly, and the cut straw will be thrown to one side of the travel route under the conveying action of the toothed belt 25;

[0030] The upper cutting assembly and the lower cutting assembly have the same structure, so the working process of the two is also the same, wherein the working process of the upper cutting assembly is as follows: when the secondary shaft 14 rotates, the driving disc 20 at its top rotates, driving the eccentric driving disc slider 21 to move, and since the driving disc slider 21 is slidably connected to the second guide groove provided on the second guide block 19, it will drive the movable tooth plate 17 to move; but the fixed tooth plate slider 16 provided on the fixed tooth plate 15 is slidably connected to the first guide groove provided on the first guide block 18, and the first guide groove and the second guide groove are perpendicular to each other, so under the action of the first guide groove, the movable tooth plate 17 can only make reciprocating horizontal motion relative to the fixed tooth plate 15 (the motion direction is parallel to the direction of the first guide groove), and the front end of the fixed tooth plate 15 is provided with a plurality of cutting teeth 22, and the front end of the movable tooth plate 17 is also provided with a plurality of cutting teeth 22, so when the movable tooth plate 17 reciprocates relative to the fixed tooth plate 15, the two layers of cutting teeth 22 will also reciprocate, and the generated shear force can cut off the connection between the straw and the ear of grain;

[0031] Similarly, the two layers of cutting teeth 22 in the lower cutting assembly will also cut off the connection between the straw and the rhizome;

[0032] When the secondary shaft 14 rotates, it also drives the toothed belt driving wheel 23 to rotate, and then drives the toothed belt 25 to move. During the movement of the device, the toothed belt 25 always moves in one direction, and the protruding teeth on it will transport the cut straw to one side of the travel route, thereby realizing the automatic separation of the straw and the ears of grain, making it convenient for the operator behind to pick up the ears of grain;

[0033] During the movement of the device, the two sides of the two guide plates 26 facing each other form a gradually narrowing trumpet shape, which can ensure that the millet straw on the moving route is gathered within the working range of the device. When the millet straw contacts and collides with the arc-shaped claw 28, the passive roller 27 rotates accordingly, and the next arc-shaped claw 27 will apply a force to the current straw in the direction of the lower cutting component. This structure can ensure the cutting effect of the lower cutting component.

Claims

1. A millet ear-stalk separating harvester, comprising a frame (1), a wheel (2) being arranged at the bottom of the frame (1), and a handrail (3) being arranged at the rear, wherein: A harvesting mechanism is arranged at the front end of the frame (1), and an engine (4) is arranged in the middle. The output end of the engine (4) is connected to a driving wheel (6) in the harvesting mechanism via a belt (5). The harvesting mechanism comprises a main shaft (7) rotatably supported on a frame (1), one end of the main shaft (7) is connected to the center of a driving wheel (6), two sets of symmetrically distributed first bevel gear transmission pairs (8) are arranged on the main shaft (7), the first bevel gear transmission pairs (8) are connected to a driving sprocket driving rod (9) rotatably supported on the frame (1), the other end of the driving sprocket driving rod (9) is connected to a driving sprocket, and the driving sprocket is arranged at the top of an upper gathering frame (10), there are two upper gathering frames (10) and they are symmetrically distributed on the upper part of the frame (1), and the upper gathering frames (10) are tilted and form an angle of 50-60 degrees with the horizontal plane, and a passive sprocket is arranged at the bottom end of the upper gathering frame (10), a transmission chain (11) is wound around the driving sprocket and the passive sprocket, and a plurality of equally spaced supporting teeth (12) are arranged on the transmission chain (11), The end of the main shaft (7) is also connected to a longitudinally distributed secondary shaft (14) through a second bevel gear transmission pair (13); the top end and the bottom end of the secondary shaft (14) are respectively connected to an upper cutting assembly and a lower cutting assembly, and the upper cutting assembly and the lower cutting assembly have the same structure. The upper cutting assembly comprises a fixed tooth plate (15) fixed on the vehicle frame (1), a fixed tooth plate slider (16) being provided at the rear end of the fixed tooth plate (15), a movable tooth plate (17) being provided above the fixed tooth plate (15), a first guide block (18) and a second guide block (19) being provided at the rear end of the movable tooth plate (17), the fixed tooth plate slider (16) being slidably connected in a first guide groove provided in the first guide block (18), a driving disc (20) being provided at the top end of the secondary shaft (14), an eccentrically distributed driving disc slider (21) being provided on the top end surface of the driving disc (20), the driving disc slider (21) being slidably connected in a second guide groove provided in the second guide block (19), and the first guide groove and the second guide groove being perpendicular to each other, a plurality of cutting teeth (22) being provided at the front ends of the fixed tooth plate (15) and the movable tooth plate (17), The secondary shaft (14) is also connected to a toothed belt driving wheel (23), and the frame (1) is rotatably supported with three toothed belt driven wheels (24). A toothed belt (25) is wound around the toothed belt driving wheel (23) and the toothed belt driven wheels (24). Two guide plates (26) are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the vehicle frame (1), the guide plates (26) form an angle of 50-60 degrees with the horizontal support, the guide plates (26) are formed of triangular plates, two side edges of the two guide plates (26) facing each other form a trumpet-shaped guide channel, a passive roller (27) is rotatably supported on the bottom end surface of the guide plate (26), a plurality of arc-shaped pusher claws (28) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on the outer circumference of the passive roller (27), and the ends of the arc-shaped pusher claws (28) protrude from the outer edge of the guide plate (26).

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