Mounting rack of high-boron-removal reverse osmosis membrane

Abstract

The utility model provides a mounting rack for a high boron-removing reverse osmosis membrane, which is characterized in that one side of a hinge hole is connected with a clamping component in a hinged manner, H-shaped sliding blocks are slidably mounted on two sides of the short edge of a fixed block, a spacing plate is fixedly connected to the middle of the interior of the fixed block, and springs are mounted between the spacing plate and the H-shaped sliding blocks in the fixed block; the fixing assemblies are detachably installed on the two sides of the rectangular frame and used for reinforcing the H-shaped sliding blocks, the pressurizing assemblies are detachably installed above the fixing assemblies, the permeable membrane mounting pipe is clamped and stabilized through the clamping assemblies, the permeable membrane mounting pipe can be conveniently mounted and dismounted through the arrangement of the clamping assemblies, and the practicability is high. The fixing assembly is used for reinforcing the H-shaped sliding block so as to stabilize the position of the clamping assembly and keep the overall structure stable, and further through the pressurizing assembly, the clamping assembly can be squeezed so that the clamping assembly can firmly clamp the permeable membrane mounting pipe, and looseness is prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of reverse osmosis membranes, in particular to a mounting frame for a high-boron removal reverse osmosis membrane. Background Art

[0002] Reverse osmosis membrane is an artificial semipermeable membrane with certain characteristics made by simulating biological semipermeable membrane, and is the core component of reverse osmosis technology;

[0003] The existing high-boron removal reverse osmosis membrane mounting frame is directly fixed by bolts for the installation of the membrane mounting tube. This installation method is cumbersome to disassemble, and the membrane mounting tube needs to be cleaned after long-term use, which is not convenient for quick disassembly and replacement. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a mounting frame for a high-boron removal reverse osmosis membrane, so as to solve the problem of rapid disassembly of a osmotic membrane mounting tube proposed in the above background technology.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is achieved in this way:

[0006] A mounting frame for a high-boron removal reverse osmosis membrane, comprising a mounting frame and a permeable membrane mounting tube, the permeable membrane mounting tube being used to mount a reverse osmosis membrane, the mounting frame being composed of four frames, a plurality of stabilizing plates being vertically distributed and fixed between the mounting frames, a rectangular frame being fixed on the surface of the stabilizing plate, a fixing block being placed in the rectangular frame, side plates being fixed on both sides of the long sides of the fixing block, hinge holes being penetrated on the surface of the side plates, and a permeable membrane mounting tube being placed on the top of the side plates;

[0007] A clamping assembly is hingedly connected to one side of the hinge hole, H-shaped sliders are slidably installed on both sides of the short sides of the fixed block, a spacer is fixedly connected to the middle of the fixed block, a spring is installed in the fixed block between the spacer and the H-shaped slider, and fixing assemblies are detachably installed on both sides of the rectangular frame for reinforcing the H-shaped slider, and a pressurizing assembly is detachably installed above the fixing assembly.

[0008] Furthermore, a downward-sunken arc-shaped end surface is provided above the side plate, and the downward-sunken arc-shaped end surface can fit the circular permeable membrane installation tube, so as to facilitate the initial installation positioning.

[0009] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a claw and a claw arm, one end of the claw is hinged to the hinge hole, the top of the claw is provided with a claw arm, the top of the claw arm is an arc-shaped surface, the lower side of the claw arm is an arc-shaped edge, and the sunken arc-shaped end surface and the arc-shaped edge are combined to form a circular space for stabilizing the permeable membrane installation tube.

[0010] In the above scheme, when installing the permeable membrane mounting tube, the permeable membrane mounting tube is placed on the surface of the curved surface and pressed downward. The claws are acted upon by the force and expand to both sides so that the permeable membrane mounting tube slides into the claws above the sunken curved end surface. The surface of the sunken curved end surface and the curved edge is covered with anti-slip material to reinforce and stabilize the permeable membrane mounting tube. The sunken curved end surface and the curved edge are combined to form a circular space for stabilizing the permeable membrane mounting tube, thereby clamping and stabilizing the permeable membrane mounting tube. The curved surface extends downward, which can facilitate the permeable membrane mounting tube to slide in when pressed.

[0011] Furthermore, the fixing component includes a positioning column and a threaded joint, a threaded joint is provided at the bottom of the positioning column, the threaded joint is installed on one side of the rectangular frame through the stabilizing plate, a threaded groove is provided inside the positioning column, a pressurizing component is installed in cooperation with the thread inside the thread groove, a second nut is installed in cooperation with the outer thread of the threaded joint, and a thread is provided on the outer periphery of the positioning column and is installed in cooperation with the first nut to be squeezed on the surface of the H-shaped slider.

[0012] In the above scheme, the threaded joint passes through the stabilizing plate and the H-shaped slider, and a second nut is installed under the threaded joint to fix the positioning column. The first nut is installed on the periphery of the positioning column and squeezed on the surface of the H-shaped slider, thereby stabilizing the H-shaped slider and fixing the clamping assembly. When it is necessary to remove the fixing block, loosen the first nut, press the H-shaped slider inward so that the H-shaped slider is separated from the positioning column, and the fixing block can be quickly removed from the stabilizing plate. The slidably installed H-shaped slider can be pushed inward, which is convenient for cooperating with the fixing assembly to achieve quick disassembly.

[0013] Furthermore, the pressurizing component includes a threaded rod and a support column, a support column is provided on the top of the threaded rod, the threaded rod is threadedly engaged in the threaded groove, a through hole is penetrated on the support column, a hydraulic cylinder is detachably installed in the through hole, a hydraulic rod is provided in the hydraulic cylinder, and one end of the hydraulic rod is rotatably connected to a pulley.

[0014] In the above scheme, when the claw rotates, the hydraulic rod will retract in the hydraulic cylinder. The pulley is set to be able to contact the outer wall of the claw and roll, and the auxiliary hydraulic rod will retract inside the hydraulic cylinder. After the position of the permeable membrane mounting tube is stabilized, the hydraulic cylinder is pressurized so that the hydraulic rod squeezes and pushes the claw, thereby strengthening the fixation of the permeable membrane mounting tube. When disassembly is required, the oil pressure needs to be released to achieve the purpose of quickly replacing or disassembling the permeable membrane mounting tube.

[0015] Furthermore, an opening is provided above the through hole, and two or more countersunk holes are penetrated through the opening. A sleeve corresponding to the countersunk holes is provided on the periphery of the hydraulic cylinder, and the sleeve is fitted in the opening to remain concentric with the countersunk holes.

[0016] In the above scheme, the hydraulic cylinder is inserted into the through hole, one end of the sleeve is facing the opening, and the hydraulic cylinder is pushed inward until the sleeve and the countersunk hole are concentric. There is a threaded hole inside the sleeve, and the bolt is installed from the countersunk hole. The bolt engages with the threaded hole inside the sleeve to achieve the purpose of fixing the hydraulic cylinder. This method can facilitate the installation and disassembly of the hydraulic cylinder and is easy to install.

[0017] Furthermore, a second hole is passed through the threaded rod, a first hole is passed through the threaded groove, the second hole and the first hole are concentrically matched, and bolts are installed in the second hole and the first hole.

[0018] In the above scheme, when the threaded rod is fully engaged in the thread groove, the second hole and the first hole remain concentric. When the bolt is installed in the second hole and the first hole, the stability of the bolt can further act on the pressure component to prevent position deflection, so that the hydraulic cylinder always remains perpendicular to the end face of the claw, which is beneficial for the hydraulic rod to act on the outer wall of the claw.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0020] 1. The permeable membrane installation tube is clamped and stabilized by the clamping assembly. The setting of the clamping assembly can facilitate the installation and removal of the permeable membrane installation tube. The fixing assembly is used to reinforce the H-shaped slider to stabilize the position of the clamping assembly and maintain the stability of the overall structure. Further, the pressure assembly can squeeze the clamping assembly so that the clamping assembly firmly clamps the permeable membrane installation tube to prevent it from loosening;

[0021] 2. The clamping assembly, fixing assembly and pressurizing assembly are arranged in a disassembly manner as a whole, which can achieve simple installation and convenient replacement of parts, and also facilitate the replacement and installation of the permeable membrane installation tube;

[0022] 3. When the claw rotates, the hydraulic rod will retract in the hydraulic cylinder. Through the setting of the pulley, it can well contact the outer wall of the claw and roll, and the auxiliary hydraulic rod will retract inside the hydraulic cylinder. After the position of the permeable membrane installation tube is stabilized, the hydraulic cylinder is pressurized to make the hydraulic rod squeeze and push the claw, thereby strengthening the fixation of the permeable membrane installation tube. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a partial diagram of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a plan view of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a disassembled diagram of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a disassembled diagram of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 This is an internal diagram of the fixing block of the utility model;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a partial cross-sectional view of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a partial exploded view of the utility model;

[0032] Fig. 9 For the utility model Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of .

[0033] Among them: 1. Mounting frame; 2. Stabilizing plate; 3. Permeable membrane mounting tube;

[0034] 21. rectangular frame; 22. fixed block; 23. H-shaped slider; 24. spring; 25. spacer plate; 26. side plate; 27. sunken arc-shaped end surface; 28. hinge hole; 201. claw; 202. claw arm; 203. arc-shaped surface; 204. arc-shaped edge;

[0035] 4. Positioning column; 41. Threaded joint; 42. Threaded groove; 43. Threaded rod; 44. Support column; 45. Through hole; 46. Opening; 47. Counterbore; 401. Hydraulic cylinder; 402. Sleeve; 403. Hydraulic rod; 404. Pulley; 421. First hole; 431. Second hole;

[0036] 5. First nut; 51. Second nut; 52. Bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0038] See also Figure 1-Figure 9A mounting frame for a high-boron removal reverse osmosis membrane comprises a mounting frame 1 and a permeable membrane mounting tube 3, wherein the permeable membrane mounting tube 3 is used to mount the reverse osmosis membrane, the mounting frame 1 is composed of four frames, a plurality of stabilizing plates 2 are vertically distributed and fixed between the mounting frames 1, a rectangular frame 21 is fixed on the surface of the stabilizing plate 2, a fixing block 22 is placed in the rectangular frame 21, side plates 26 are fixed on both sides of the long sides of the fixing block 22, a hinge hole 28 is penetrated on the surface of the side plate 26, and a permeable membrane mounting tube 3 is placed on the top of the side plate 26;

[0039] A clamping assembly is hingedly connected to one side of the hinge hole 28, H-shaped sliders 23 are slidably installed on both sides of the short sides of the fixed block 22, a spacer plate 25 is fixedly connected to the middle of the fixed block 22, a spring 24 is installed between the spacer plate 25 and the H-shaped slider 23 in the fixed block 22, and fixed assemblies are detachably installed on both sides of the rectangular frame 21 for reinforcing the H-shaped slider 23, and a pressure assembly is detachably installed above the fixed assembly.

[0040] Among them, a plurality of stabilizing plates 2 are fixedly distributed vertically, which can facilitate stacking of a plurality of stabilizing plates 2 on the mounting frame 1, so as to achieve the simultaneous stable installation of a plurality of permeable membrane mounting tubes 3. The permeable membrane mounting tube 3 is clamped and stabilized by the clamping assembly. The setting of the clamping assembly can facilitate the installation and removal of the permeable membrane mounting tube 3. The fixing assembly is used to reinforce the H-shaped slider 23 so as to stabilize the position of the clamping assembly and maintain the stability of the overall structure. Further, the pressurizing assembly can squeeze the clamping assembly so that the clamping assembly firmly clamps the permeable membrane mounting tube 3 to prevent loosening. The rectangular frame 21 is used to place the fixing block 22 for easy identification and positioning installation. A spring 24 is installed between the spacer plate 25 and the H-shaped slider 23 in the fixing block 22. The slidingly installed H-shaped slider 23 can be pushed inward, which is convenient for cooperating with the fixing component to achieve quick disassembly. The H-shaped slider 23 can automatically rebound under the action of the spring 24 to maintain the initial position of the H-shaped slider 23. The clamping component, the fixing component and the pressurizing component are arranged in a disassembly manner as a whole, which can achieve simple installation and convenient replacement of parts, and also facilitate the replacement and installation of the permeable membrane installation tube 3.

[0041] See also Figure 6 A downwardly-falling arc-shaped end surface 27 is provided above the side plate 26 .

[0042] In the above solution, the sunken arc-shaped end surface 27 can fit the circular permeable membrane installation tube 3, which is convenient for initial installation positioning.

[0043] See also Figure 2-Figure 5The clamping assembly includes a claw 201 and a claw arm 202. One end of the claw 201 is hinged to the hinge hole 28. The top of the claw 201 is provided with a claw arm 202. The top of the claw arm 202 is an arc surface 203. The lower side of the claw arm 202 is an arc edge 204. The sunken arc end surface 27 and the arc edge 204 are combined to form a circular space for stabilizing the permeable membrane installation tube 3.

[0044] In the above scheme, when installing the permeable membrane mounting tube 3, the permeable membrane mounting tube 3 is placed on the surface of the arc surface 203 and pressed downward. The claws 201 are acted upon by the force and will expand to both sides so that the permeable membrane mounting tube 3 slides into the claws 201 above the sunken arc end surface 27. The surfaces of the sunken arc end surface 27 and the arc edge 204 are covered with anti-slip material to reinforce and stabilize the permeable membrane mounting tube 3. The sunken arc end surface 27 and the arc edge 204 are combined to form a circular space for stabilizing the permeable membrane mounting tube 3, thereby clamping and stabilizing the permeable membrane mounting tube 3. The surface of the arc surface 203 extends downward, which can facilitate the permeable membrane mounting tube 3 to slide in when pressed.

[0045] See also Figure 6-Figure 8 The fixing component includes a positioning column 4 and a threaded joint 41. A threaded joint 41 is provided at the bottom of the positioning column 4. The threaded joint 41 passes through the stabilizing plate 2 and is installed on one side of the rectangular frame 21. A threaded groove 42 is provided inside the positioning column 4. A pressurizing component is installed in cooperation with the internal thread of the threaded groove 42. The outer thread of the threaded joint 41 is equipped with a second nut 51. The outer periphery of the positioning column 4 is equipped with threads and is equipped with a first nut 5 to be squeezed on the surface of the H-shaped slider 23.

[0046] In the above scheme, the threaded joint 41 passes through the stabilizing plate 2 and the H-shaped slider 23, and the second nut 51 is installed under the threaded joint 41 to fix the positioning column 4. The first nut 5 is installed on the periphery of the positioning column 4 and squeezed on the surface of the H-shaped slider 23, thereby stabilizing the H-shaped slider 23 to fix the clamping assembly. When it is necessary to remove the fixing block 22, loosen the first nut 5, press the H-shaped slider 23 inward so that the H-shaped slider 23 is separated from the positioning column 4, and the fixing block 22 can be quickly removed from the stabilizing plate 2. The slidingly installed H-shaped slider 23 can be pushed inward, which is convenient for cooperating with the fixing assembly to achieve quick disassembly.

[0047] See also Figure 7-Figure 9 The pressurizing component includes a threaded rod 43 and a support column 44. The support column 44 is provided on the top of the threaded rod 43. The threaded rod 43 is threadedly engaged in the thread groove 42. A through hole 45 runs through the support column 44. A hydraulic cylinder 401 is detachably installed in the through hole 45. A hydraulic rod 403 is provided in the hydraulic cylinder 401. One end of the hydraulic rod 403 is rotatably connected to a pulley 404.

[0048] In the above scheme, when the claw 201 rotates, the hydraulic rod 403 will retract in the hydraulic cylinder 401. Through the setting of the pulley 404, it can well contact the outer wall of the claw 201 and roll, and the auxiliary hydraulic rod 403 will retract inside the hydraulic cylinder 401. After the position of the permeable membrane mounting tube 3 is stabilized, the hydraulic cylinder 401 is pressurized, so that the hydraulic rod 403 squeezes and pushes the claw 201, thereby strengthening the fixation of the permeable membrane mounting tube 3. When disassembly is required, the oil pressure needs to be released to achieve the purpose of quickly replacing or disassembling the permeable membrane mounting tube 3.

[0049] See also Figure 8 and Fig. 9 An opening 46 is provided above the through hole 45 , and two or more countersunk holes 47 are penetrated through the opening 46 . A sleeve 402 corresponding to the countersunk hole 47 is provided on the periphery of the hydraulic cylinder 401 , and the sleeve 402 fits in the opening 46 to remain concentric with the countersunk hole 47 .

[0050] In the above scheme, the hydraulic cylinder 401 is inserted into the through hole 45, one end of the sleeve 402 is facing the opening, and the hydraulic cylinder 401 is pushed inward until the sleeve 402 is concentric with the countersunk hole 47. There is a threaded hole inside the sleeve 402, and the bolt is installed from the countersunk hole 47. The bolt engages with the threaded hole inside the sleeve 402, thereby achieving the purpose of fixing the hydraulic cylinder 401. This method can facilitate the installation and disassembly of the hydraulic cylinder 401 and is easy to install.

[0051] See also Figure 7 and Fig. 9 The threaded rod 43 is penetrated by a second hole 431 , the threaded groove 42 is penetrated by a first hole 421 , the second hole 431 and the first hole 421 are concentrically matched, and bolts 52 are installed in the second hole 431 and the first hole 421 .

[0052] In the above scheme, when the threaded rod 43 is fully engaged in the threaded groove 42, the second hole 431 and the first hole 421 remain concentric. When the bolt 52 is installed in the second hole 431 and the first hole 421, the stability of the bolt 52 can further act on the pressure component to prevent position deflection, so that the hydraulic cylinder 401 always remains perpendicular to the end face of the claw 201, which is beneficial for the hydraulic rod 403 to act on the outer wall of the claw 201.

[0053] Working principle:

[0054] When installing the permeable membrane installation tube 3, the permeable membrane installation tube 3 is placed on the surface of the arc surface 203 and pressed downward. The clamping claws 201 are acted upon by the force and will expand to both sides so that the permeable membrane installation tube 3 slides into the clamping claws 201 above the sunken arc end surface 27. The surface of the sunken arc end surface 27 and the arc edge 204 are covered with anti-slip material to reinforce and stabilize the permeable membrane installation tube 3.

[0055] The threaded joint 41 passes through the stabilizing plate 2 and the H-shaped slider 23, and a second nut 51 is installed under the threaded joint 41 to fix the positioning column 4. The first nut 5 is installed on the periphery of the positioning column 4 and squeezed on the surface of the H-shaped slider 23, thereby stabilizing the H-shaped slider 23 and fixing the clamping assembly. When it is necessary to remove the fixing block 22, loosen the first nut 5, press the H-shaped slider 23 inward so that the H-shaped slider 23 is separated from the positioning column 4, and the fixing block 22 can be quickly removed from the stabilizing plate 2. The slidably installed H-shaped slider 23 can be pushed inward, which is convenient for cooperating with the fixing assembly to achieve quick disassembly.

[0056] When the claw 201 rotates, the hydraulic rod 403 will retract in the hydraulic cylinder 401. The pulley 404 is set to be able to contact the outer wall of the claw 201 and roll, assisting the hydraulic rod 403 to retract inside the hydraulic cylinder 401. After the position of the permeable membrane mounting tube 3 is stabilized, the hydraulic cylinder 401 is pressurized so that the hydraulic rod 403 squeezes and pushes the claw 201, thereby strengthening the fixation of the permeable membrane mounting tube 3. When disassembly is required, the oil pressure needs to be released to achieve the purpose of quickly replacing or disassembling the permeable membrane mounting tube 3.

[0057] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mounting frame for a high-boron removal reverse osmosis membrane, comprising a mounting frame (1) and a permeable membrane mounting tube (3), wherein the permeable membrane mounting tube (3) is used to mount the reverse osmosis membrane, the mounting frame (1) is composed of four frames, and is characterized in that: A plurality of stabilizing plates (2) are vertically distributed and fixed between the mounting frames (1); a rectangular frame (21) is fixed on the surface of the stabilizing plate (2); a fixing block (22) is placed inside the rectangular frame (21); side plates (26) are fixed on both sides of the long sides of the fixing block (22); hinge holes (28) are passed through the surface of the side plates (26); and a permeable membrane mounting tube (3) is placed on the top of the side plates (26); A clamping assembly is hingedly connected to one side of the hinge hole (28); H-shaped sliders (23) are slidably mounted on both sides of the short sides of the fixed block (22); a spacer plate (25) is fixedly connected to the middle of the fixed block (22); a spring (24) is installed between the spacer plate (25) and the H-shaped slider (23) in the fixed block (22); fixed assemblies are detachably mounted on both sides of the rectangular frame (21) for reinforcing the H-shaped slider (23); and a pressure assembly is detachably mounted above the fixed assembly.

2. The mounting frame for a high-boron removal reverse osmosis membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sunken arc-shaped end surface (27) is provided above the side plate (26).

3. The mounting frame for a high-boron removal reverse osmosis membrane according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping assembly comprises a claw (201) and a claw arm (202), one end of the claw (201) is hingedly connected to a hinge hole (28), a claw arm (202) is provided at the top of the claw (201), the top of the claw arm (202) is an arc-shaped surface (203), the lower side of the claw arm (202) is an arc-shaped edge (204), and the sunken arc-shaped end surface (27) and the arc-shaped edge (204) are combined to form a circular space for stabilizing the permeable membrane installation tube (3).

4. The mounting frame for a high-boron removal reverse osmosis membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing assembly comprises a positioning column (4) and a threaded joint (41), wherein a threaded joint (41) is provided below the positioning column (4), wherein the threaded joint (41) passes through the stabilizing plate (2) and is installed on one side of the rectangular frame (21), wherein a threaded groove (42) is provided inside the positioning column (4), wherein a pressurizing assembly is installed in cooperation with the threaded interior of the threaded groove (42), wherein the outer periphery of the threaded joint (41) is threadedly installed with a second nut (51), and the outer periphery of the positioning column (4) is threadedly provided and is cooperatedly installed with a first nut (5) to be pressed on the surface of the H-shaped slider (23).

5. The mounting frame for a high-boron removal reverse osmosis membrane according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressurizing component comprises a threaded rod (43) and a support column (44), wherein the support column (44) is provided at the top of the threaded rod (43), wherein the threaded rod (43) is threadedly engaged in a thread groove (42), wherein a through hole (45) passes through the support column (44), wherein a hydraulic cylinder (401) is detachably installed in the through hole (45), wherein a hydraulic rod (403) is provided in the hydraulic cylinder (401), wherein one end of the hydraulic rod (403) is rotatably connected to a pulley (404).

6. The mounting frame for a high boron removal reverse osmosis membrane according to claim 5, characterized in that: An opening (46) is provided above the through hole (45), and two or more countersunk holes (47) are penetrated through the opening (46). A sleeve (402) corresponding to the countersunk hole (47) is provided on the periphery of the hydraulic cylinder (401), and the sleeve (402) is fitted in the opening (46) to remain concentric with the countersunk hole (47).

7. The mounting frame for a high boron removal reverse osmosis membrane according to claim 5, characterized in that: The threaded rod (43) is penetrated by a second hole (431), the threaded groove (42) is penetrated by a first hole (421), the second hole (431) and the first hole (421) are concentrically matched, and bolts (52) are installed in the second hole (431) and the first hole (421).

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