Three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride
By using a three-layer fluidized bed reactor and material breaking mechanism in the aluminum fluoride production process, the problems of low aluminum fluoride content and low hydrogen fluoride utilization in the prior art are solved, and more efficient aluminum fluoride production and resource utilization are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420945154.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-06
AI Technical Summary
In the existing aluminum fluoride production process, single-layer or double-layer fluidized bed reactors lead to low aluminum fluoride content, low hydrogen fluoride utilization rate, high exhaust gas temperature and dust, resulting in environmental pollution and waste of resources.
A three-layer fluidized bed reactor is adopted, including the top, middle and bottom fluidized beds, to expand the reaction time and range of aluminum fluoride through multi-layer reactions, improve the content of aluminum fluoride and the utilization rate of hydrogen fluoride, and ensure uniform distribution of materials and air flow through material dispersion mechanism and material ventilator.
The content of aluminum fluoride in the product has been increased, the utilization rate of hydrogen fluoride is increased, the content of hydrogen fluoride in the exhaust gas has been reduced, and environmental pollution and resource waste have been reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN222658617U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fluidized bed reactors, in particular to a three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride. Background Art
[0002] The production process of aluminum fluoride is to put aluminum hydroxide and hydrogen fluoride into the reactor. Aluminum hydroxide decomposes at high temperature to produce reactive γ-AL2O3, and γ-AL2O3 reacts with hydrogen fluoride to produce aluminum fluoride. At present, the production of aluminum fluoride mostly adopts single-layer fluidized bed reactor or double-layer fluidized bed reactor. The reaction of aluminum hydroxide and hydrogen fluoride raw materials is not sufficient, resulting in low aluminum fluoride content in the product, about 89% to 92%; the content of hydrogen fluoride in the tail gas is also relatively large, about 3% to 5%, and the consumption of hydrogen fluoride raw materials is large, with a utilization rate of less than 97%. In addition, the tail gas temperature is as high as nearly 400℃, and the waste heat is not fully utilized. At the same time, the tail gas contains dust such as aluminum fluoride, aluminum oxide and aluminum hydroxide. Although these dusts are recycled after dust removal, some dusts still enter the atmospheric condenser with the tail gas, which will not only pollute the environment, but also be a waste. Utility Model Content
[0003] In order to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology, the utility model provides a three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride.
[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
[0005] A three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride comprises a top fluidized bed layer, a middle fluidized bed layer and a bottom fluidized bed layer, wherein the top fluidized bed layer is provided with a top material inlet and a top material outlet, the middle fluidized bed layer is provided with a middle material inlet and a middle material outlet, the bottom fluidized bed layer is provided with a bottom material inlet and a bottom material outlet, the bottom fluidized bed layer is connected with a hydrogen fluoride gas inlet, the top fluidized bed layer is connected with a tail gas outlet, the top material inlet is used for feeding aluminum hydroxide raw material, the top material outlet is connected with the middle material inlet, the middle material outlet is connected with the bottom material inlet, hydrogen fluoride gas enters the reactor through the hydrogen fluoride gas inlet and passes through the bottom fluidized bed layer, the middle fluidized bed layer and the top fluidized bed layer in sequence, and the aluminum hydroxide raw material passes through the top fluidized bed layer. The material inlet enters the top fluidized bed layer and decomposes in the top fluidized bed layer to form γ-AL2O3. γ-AL2O3 reacts with hydrogen fluoride gas to form aluminum fluoride. Aluminum fluoride and unreacted γ-AL2O3 are discharged from the top material outlet and enter the middle fluidized bed layer through the middle material inlet. Unreacted γ-AL2O3 reacts with hydrogen fluoride gas in the middle fluidized bed layer to form aluminum fluoride. Aluminum fluoride and unreacted γ-AL2O3 in the middle fluidized bed layer are discharged from the middle material outlet and enter the bottom fluidized bed layer through the bottom material inlet. Unreacted γ-AL2O3 reacts with hydrogen fluoride gas in the bottom fluidized bed layer to form aluminum fluoride. Aluminum fluoride is discharged from the bottom material outlet. Hydrogen fluoride tail gas produced by the three fluidized beds is discharged from the tail gas outlet.
[0006] Preferably, the bottom fluidized bed layer is also connected to a heating gas inlet, which is only used to introduce heating gas during start-up. The heating gas passes through the bottom fluidized bed layer, the middle fluidized bed layer and the top fluidized bed layer in sequence and heats the materials on the bottom fluidized bed layer, the middle fluidized bed layer and the top fluidized bed layer.
[0007] Preferably, material breaking mechanisms are provided near the top material inlet a, the middle material inlet c and the bottom material inlet e, and the material breaking mechanisms include an instrument air duct, one end of the instrument air duct extends horizontally to the interior of the fluidized bed reactor and extends vertically upward, the top of the instrument air duct penetrates the fluidized bed partition, and an air outlet is provided on the outside of the instrument air duct near the top of the fluidized bed partition, the air outlet is provided on the side wall of the instrument air duct, and a first wind hood is installed at the air outlet, the first wind hood is connected to the air outlet, and a guide port is provided on the first wind hood, and a plurality of airflow rising ducts are also installed on the fluidized bed partition, and a second wind hood is fixed to the top of the airflow rising duct.
[0008] Preferably, a material disperser is provided below the top material inlet a, the middle material inlet c and the bottom material inlet e of the fluidized bed layer near the feed port. The material disperser is welded to the top of the surface air duct and is a hemispherical shell structure with its convex surface facing upward.
[0009] Preferably, the aluminum hydroxide raw material input into the top material inlet is wet aluminum hydroxide, and the high-temperature hydrogen fluoride gas and water vapor from the middle fluidized bed layer can fluidize, dry and react the wet aluminum hydroxide in the top fluidized bed layer.
[0010] Preferably, the bottom end of the bottom fluidized bed layer is connected to a bottom cone having a certain space, the hydrogen fluoride gas inlet is arranged at the bottom cone, and the heating gas inlet is also arranged at the bottom cone.
[0011] Preferably, the top of the top fluidized bed layer is connected to a top head with a certain space, the top head is semicircular or conical, and the tail gas outlet is arranged at the top head.
[0012] Preferably, the middle fluidized bed layer is also provided with a first auxiliary material inlet, which is used to put aluminum hydroxide and / or γ-AL2O3, and the aluminum hydroxide and / or γ-AL2O3 put into the first auxiliary material inlet are used to adjust the temperature of the middle fluidized bed layer.
[0013] Preferably, the bottom fluidized bed layer is further provided with a second auxiliary material inlet, and the second auxiliary material inlet is used to put aluminum fluoride, and the aluminum fluoride put into the second auxiliary material inlet is used to adjust the temperature of the bottom fluidized bed layer.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0015] 1. Since the three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride of the utility model includes a top fluidized bed layer, a middle fluidized bed layer and a bottom fluidized bed layer, compared with the traditional single-layer fluidized bed reactor or double-layer fluidized bed reactor, the three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride of the utility model is a three-layer fluidized bed reactor, and hydrogen fluoride gas and γ-AL2O3 react in the three-layer fluidized bed layer of the top fluidized bed layer, the middle fluidized bed layer and the bottom fluidized bed layer, and the reaction time is longer and the reaction is more complete, so the aluminum fluoride content of the product can be increased, the hydrogen fluoride content in the tail gas water vapor can be reduced, and the utilization rate of hydrogen fluoride can be increased. The three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride of the utility model can increase the aluminum fluoride content of the product by 1-2 percentage points, and the utilization rate of hydrogen fluoride reaches more than 98%.
[0016] 2. By adding a material breaking mechanism, the materials entering the fluidized bed layer can be dispersed. In the event that materials are piled up, compressed gas can be sprayed into the piled materials through the instrument air duct. The compressed gas flows out through the diffuser support pipe, changes direction through the diversion effect of the first wind cap, and blows away the piled materials, ensuring the fluidity of the airflow inside the fluidized bed. The rising airflow inside the fluidized bed reactor will flow through the airflow rising duct, connecting the upper and lower fluidized beds, and through the gas distribution effect of the second wind cap, the hydrogen fluoride and the water vapor produced by the reaction will blow up and suspend solid substances such as aluminum oxide and aluminum fluoride, and mix violently with the airflow above and below the fluidized bed to form a fluidized reaction bed. Hydrogen fluoride reacts with aluminum oxide to convert into aluminum fluoride and water vapor.
[0017] 3. By adding a material spreader, the material can be scattered more evenly on the fluidized bed interlayer, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of material accumulation affecting the air flow, and avoiding continuous injection of compressed instrument air and increasing the power consumption of the exhaust vacuum pump. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a three-layer fluidized bed reactor of the utility model;
[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged cross-sectional view of position A in the middle;
[0021] In the figure: 1 top fluidized bed layer, 2 middle fluidized bed layer, 3 bottom fluidized bed layer, 4 bottom cone, 5 top head, a top material inlet, b top material outlet, c middle material inlet, d middle material outlet, e bottom material inlet, f second auxiliary material inlet, g bottom material outlet, h heating gas inlet, i hydrogen fluoride gas inlet, j first auxiliary material inlet, k tail gas outlet, 6 instrument air duct, 601 air flow rising duct, 602 first wind hood, 603 material diffuser, 604 fluidized bed partition, 605 second wind hood. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0023] Example 1
[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride comprises a top fluidized bed layer 1, a middle fluidized bed layer 2 and a bottom fluidized bed layer 3, the top fluidized bed layer 1 is provided with a top material inlet a and a top material outlet b, the middle fluidized bed layer 2 is provided with a middle material inlet c and a middle material outlet d, the bottom fluidized bed layer 3 is provided with a bottom material inlet e and a bottom material outlet g, the bottom fluidized bed layer 3 is connected with a hydrogen fluoride gas inlet i, the top fluidized bed layer 1 is connected with a tail gas outlet k, the top material inlet a is used for feeding aluminum hydroxide raw material, the top material outlet b is connected with the middle material inlet c, the middle material outlet d is connected with the bottom material inlet e, the hydrogen fluoride gas enters the reactor through the hydrogen fluoride gas inlet i and passes through the bottom fluidized bed layer 3, the middle fluidized bed layer 2 and the top fluidized bed layer 1 in sequence, and the aluminum hydroxide raw material passes through the top material inlet The material inlet a enters the top fluidized bed layer 1 and decomposes in the top fluidized bed layer 1 to form γ-AL2O3. γ-AL2O3 reacts with hydrogen fluoride gas to form aluminum fluoride. Aluminum fluoride and unreacted γ-AL2O3 are discharged from the top material outlet b and enter the middle fluidized bed layer 2 through the middle material inlet c. Unreacted γ-AL2O3 reacts with hydrogen fluoride gas in the middle fluidized bed layer 2 to form aluminum fluoride. Aluminum fluoride and unreacted γ-AL2O3 in the middle fluidized bed layer 2 are discharged from the middle material outlet d and enter the bottom fluidized bed layer 3 through the bottom material inlet e. Unreacted γ-AL2O3 reacts with hydrogen fluoride gas in the bottom fluidized bed layer 3 to form aluminum fluoride. Aluminum fluoride is discharged from the bottom material outlet g. Hydrogen fluoride tail gas produced by the three fluidized beds is discharged from the tail gas outlet k. The tail gas outlet k is connected to the tail gas filtration device.
[0025] Since the three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride of the utility model includes a top fluidized bed layer 1, a middle fluidized bed layer 2 and a bottom fluidized bed layer 3, compared with a conventional single-layer fluidized bed reactor or a double-layer fluidized bed reactor, the three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride of the utility model is a three-layer fluidized bed reactor, and hydrogen fluoride gas and γ-AL2O3 react in the three-layer fluidized bed of the top fluidized bed layer 1, the middle fluidized bed layer 2 and the bottom fluidized bed layer 3, and the reaction time is longer and the reaction is more complete, so the aluminum fluoride content of the product can be increased, the hydrogen fluoride content in the tail gas can be reduced, and the utilization rate of hydrogen fluoride can be increased. The three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride of the utility model can increase the aluminum fluoride content by 1-2 percentage points, and the utilization rate of hydrogen fluoride reaches more than 98%.
[0026] More specifically, the bottom end of the top fluidized bed layer 1 is connected to the top end of the middle fluidized bed layer 2, and the bottom end of the middle fluidized bed layer 2 is connected to the top end of the bottom fluidized bed layer 3, so that the hydrogen fluoride gas can enter the reactor through the hydrogen fluoride gas inlet i and sequentially pass through the bottom fluidized bed layer 3, the middle fluidized bed layer 2 and the top fluidized bed layer 1. The top material inlet a and the top material outlet b are arranged on the side wall of the top fluidized bed layer 1, the middle material inlet c and the middle material outlet d are arranged on the side wall of the middle fluidized bed layer 2, and the bottom material inlet e and the bottom material outlet g are arranged on the side wall of the bottom fluidized bed layer 3.
[0027] The hydrogen fluoride gas inlet i can be directly arranged at the bottom end of the bottom fluidized bed layer 3. Of course, as in the present embodiment, a bottom cone 4 with a certain space can be connected to the bottom end of the bottom fluidized bed layer 3, and the hydrogen fluoride gas inlet i is arranged at the bottom cone 4. The tail gas outlet k can be directly arranged at the top of the top fluidized bed layer 1. Of course, as in the present embodiment, a top head 5 with a certain space can be connected to the top of the top fluidized bed layer 1, and the tail gas outlet k is arranged at the top head 5. Since the top head 5 has a certain space, the reaction tail gas and solid dust (dust such as aluminum fluoride, aluminum oxide and aluminum hydroxide) in the top head 5 will undergo gas-solid separation (i.e., separation of reaction tail gas and solid dust) in the space. In this way, compared with directly setting the tail gas outlet k at the top of the top fluidized bed 1, less dust will be discharged at the tail gas outlet k, which not only reduces environmental pollution but also avoids waste of materials. The shape of the top cover 5 is not limited, and can be conical or semicircular. The conical shape is easier to manufacture and saves money, while the semicircular shape has a larger space, which can provide a larger separation space for the reaction exhaust gas and solid dust.
[0028] Since the decomposition of aluminum hydroxide raw materials, the reaction of hydrogen fluoride gas and γ-AL2O3 all need to be carried out at a certain temperature, the bottom fluidized bed 3, the middle fluidized bed 2 and the top fluidized bed 1 need to be heated when starting. For this reason, the bottom fluidized bed 3 is also connected to a heating gas inlet h, which is used to pass the heating gas, and the heating gas passes through the bottom fluidized bed 3, the middle fluidized bed 2 and the top fluidized bed 1 in sequence and heats the materials on the bottom fluidized bed 3, the middle fluidized bed 2 and the top fluidized bed 1. The heating gas is a high-temperature gas, and the heating gas can be used to heat the materials on the bottom fluidized bed 3, the middle fluidized bed 2 and the top fluidized bed 1, so that the materials reach the required temperature and can undergo chemical reactions. The heating gas can specifically be heated air or flue gas, which is easy to obtain and has a low cost. The heating gas inlet h can be directly arranged at the bottom end of the bottom fluidized bed 3, and of course it can also be arranged at the bottom cone 4 as in this embodiment.
[0029] Since the hydrogen fluoride gas from the middle fluidized bed 2 carries a certain amount of heat, wet aluminum hydroxide can be added from the top material inlet a at this time, and the hydrogen fluoride gas from the middle fluidized bed 2 can fluidize, dry, and react the wet aluminum hydroxide in the top fluidized bed 1. At this time, the wet aluminum hydroxide does not need to be dried additionally, and the heat of the hydrogen fluoride gas from the middle fluidized bed 2 can be fully utilized, thus reducing energy consumption. In addition, since wet aluminum hydroxide is added, there is less solid dust in the reactor tail gas.
[0030] The middle fluidized bed layer 2 is also provided with a first auxiliary material inlet j, which is used to put aluminum hydroxide and / or γ-AL2O3. The aluminum hydroxide and / or γ-AL2O3 put in the first auxiliary material inlet j are used to adjust the temperature of the middle fluidized bed layer 2. That is to say, when the temperature of the middle fluidized bed layer 2 is high, cold aluminum hydroxide and / or γ-AL2O3 can be put in through the first auxiliary material inlet j to reduce the temperature of the middle fluidized bed layer 2. Aluminum hydroxide and / or γ-AL2O3 can come from the top fluidized bed layer 1, which is convenient for material collection, and aluminum hydroxide and / or γ-AL2O3 can continue to react in the bottom fluidized bed 3, which will not greatly reduce the content of aluminum fluoride in the product.
[0031] The bottom fluidized bed 3 is also provided with a second auxiliary material inlet f, and the second auxiliary material inlet f is used to input aluminum fluoride, and the aluminum fluoride inputted by the second auxiliary material inlet f is used to adjust the temperature of the bottom fluidized bed layer 3. That is to say, when the temperature of the bottom fluidized bed layer 3 is high, cold aluminum fluoride can be inputted through the second auxiliary material inlet f to reduce the temperature of the bottom fluidized bed layer 3.
[0032] In addition, inspection ports are provided at the top fluidized bed layer 1, the middle fluidized bed layer 2 and the bottom fluidized bed layer 3 respectively. When the material inlet and outlet or the exhaust gas outlet k is blocked, or the reactor needs to be repaired, the staff can open the inspection port and enter the reactor to clear the blocked material inlet and outlet, replace the wind hood, etc., or repair other parts of the reactor.
[0033] The principle of the three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride of the utility model is described in detail below.
[0034] First, a heating gas of 400°C-750°C is introduced into the heating gas inlet h, and the heating gas passes through the bottom fluidized bed layer 3, the middle fluidized bed layer 2 and the top fluidized bed layer 1 in sequence, and heats the bottom fluidized bed layer 3, the middle fluidized bed layer 2 and the top fluidized bed layer 1. After the bottom fluidized bed 3, the middle fluidized bed 2 and the top fluidized bed layer 1 reach the predetermined temperature, wet aluminum hydroxide is added from the top material inlet a, aluminum fluoride is added from the second auxiliary material inlet of the bottom fluidized bed layer 3, and then hydrogen fluoride gas of 40°C-80°C is slowly introduced from the hydrogen fluoride gas inlet i. The hydrogen fluoride gas enters through the hydrogen fluoride gas inlet i and passes through the bottom fluidized bed layer 3, the middle fluidized bed layer 2 and the top fluidized bed layer 1 in sequence. As the reaction temperature of each fluidized bed increases, the heating gas will be gradually closed. The wet aluminum hydroxide in the top fluidized bed layer 1 is dried, dehydrated and decomposed to form γ-AL2O3 with a certain reactivity. γ-AL2O3 reacts with hydrogen fluoride gas to generate aluminum fluoride. Since the decomposition of aluminum hydroxide is an endothermic reaction and the wet aluminum hydroxide will cool the top fluidized bed 1, the temperature of the top fluidized bed 1 will drop to 120-380°C. The tail gas of the reaction will be discharged from the tail gas outlet K. The generated aluminum fluoride and unreacted γ-AL2O3 are discharged from the top material outlet b and enter the middle fluidized bed layer 2 through the middle material inlet c. The unreacted γ-AL2O3 reacts with hydrogen fluoride gas in the middle fluidized bed 2 to generate aluminum fluoride. The reaction releases heat, which raises the temperature of the middle fluidized bed 2 to 350°C-600°C (the temperature of the middle fluidized bed 2 is preferably 400°C-500°C). Aluminum fluoride and unreacted γ-AL2O3 in the middle fluidized bed layer 2 are discharged from the middle material outlet d and enter the bottom fluidized bed 3 through the bottom material inlet e. Unreacted γ-AL2O3 and hydrogen fluoride gas react in the bottom fluidized bed layer 3 to generate aluminum fluoride. The reaction releases heat, raising the temperature of the bottom fluidized bed 3 to 560°C-625°C (the temperature of the bottom fluidized bed layer 3 is preferably 580°C-600°C). The aluminum fluoride generated by the reaction is discharged from the bottom material outlet g to obtain the product aluminum fluoride.
[0035] Example 2
[0036] Reference Figure 2, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that material dispersing mechanisms are provided near the top material inlet a, the middle material inlet c and the bottom material inlet e, the material dispersing mechanisms include an instrument air duct 6, one end of the instrument air duct 6 horizontally extends to the interior of the fluidized bed reactor and vertically extends upward, the top of the instrument air duct 6 penetrates the fluidized bed partition 604, and an air outlet is provided on the outside of the instrument air duct 6 near the top of the fluidized bed partition 604, the air outlet is provided on the side wall of the instrument air duct 6, and a first wind cap 602 is installed at the air outlet position, the first wind cap 602 is connected to the air outlet, and a guide port is provided on the first wind cap 602, a plurality of air flow rising ducts 601 are also installed on the fluidized bed partition 604, and a second wind cap 605 is fixed to the top of the air flow rising duct 601;
[0037] Since it is impossible to ensure that the materials are evenly laid on the top of the fluidized bed partition 604 when adding materials to the fluidized bed, the thickness of the materials on the top of the fluidized bed partition 604 near the material inlet position will be relatively large, thereby hindering the passage of the airflow inside the fluidized bed. When the instrument detects that the pressure difference between the upper and lower fluidized bed partitions 604 is too large, it indicates that a blockage has occurred. At this time, compressed gas is rushed into the fluidized bed through the instrument air duct 6, and the compressed gas flows out through the air outlet on the instrument air duct 6. The direction is changed by the guiding effect of the first wind cap 602, and it is blown toward the accumulated materials, thereby achieving the effect of blowing away the materials, ensuring the fluidity of the airflow inside the fluidized bed. The rising airflow inside the fluidized bed reactor will flow through the airflow rising duct 601, connecting the upper and lower fluidized bed layers, and through the gas distribution effect of the second wind cap 605, the hydrogen fluoride and the water vapor generated by the reaction will blow up and suspend solid substances such as aluminum oxide and aluminum fluoride, and mix violently with the airflow above and below the fluidized bed layer to form a fluidized reaction bed, and the hydrogen fluoride reacts with the aluminum oxide to be converted into aluminum fluoride and water vapor.
[0038] A material distributor 603 is provided below the fluidized bed layer 604 near the top material inlet a, the middle material inlet c and the bottom material inlet e. The material distributor 603 is welded to the top of the surface air duct 6. The material distributor 603 is a hemispherical shell structure with the convex surface facing upwards.
[0039] By adding a material spreader 603, when adding material, the material just falls on the top of the material spreader 603, and can be more evenly scattered on the fluidized bed partition 604 through the guiding effect of the spherical surface at the top of the material spreader 603, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of material accumulation affecting the flow of air.
[0040] Once the inlet material accumulates, the pressure difference of the fluidized bed will increase significantly. The instrument differential pressure gauge can be used to alarm and interlock, open the instrument air valve, spray compressed instrument air into the accumulated material, and blow the accumulated material away. The instrument air valve can also be opened manually according to the differential pressure gauge alarm signal to spray compressed instrument air into the accumulated material, thereby blowing the accumulated material away.
[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0043] The control method of the present invention is automatic control through a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be realized by simple programming by technicians in this field. The provision of power is also common knowledge in this field. The present invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, so the present invention will no longer explain the control method and circuit connection in detail.
[0044] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention according to the technical scheme and the utility model concept of the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride, characterized in that: The invention comprises a top fluidized bed layer (1), a middle fluidized bed layer (2) and a bottom fluidized bed layer (3), wherein the top fluidized bed layer (1) is provided with a top material inlet (a) and a top material outlet (b), the middle fluidized bed layer (2) is provided with a middle material inlet (c) and a middle material outlet (d), the bottom fluidized bed layer (3) is provided with a bottom material inlet (e) and a bottom material outlet (g), the bottom fluidized bed layer (3) is connected to a hydrogen fluoride gas inlet (i), the top fluidized bed layer (1) is connected to a tail gas outlet (k), the top material outlet (b) is connected to the middle material inlet (c), the middle material outlet (d) is connected to the bottom material inlet (e), and the hydrogen fluoride gas enters the reactor through the hydrogen fluoride gas inlet (i) and passes through the bottom fluidized bed layer (3), the middle fluidized bed layer (2) and the top fluidized bed layer (1) in sequence.
2. The three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom fluidized bed layer (3) is also connected to a heating gas inlet (h), and the heating gas inlet (h) is used to introduce heating gas when starting up. The heating gas passes through the bottom fluidized bed layer (3), the middle fluidized bed layer (2) and the top fluidized bed layer (1) in sequence and heats the materials on the bottom fluidized bed layer (3), the middle fluidized bed layer (2) and the top fluidized bed layer (1).
3. The three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride according to claim 1, characterized in that: Material dispersing mechanisms are provided near the top material inlet (a), the middle material inlet (c) and the bottom material inlet (e), and the material dispersing mechanisms include an instrument air duct (6), one end of which extends horizontally to the interior of the fluidized bed reactor and extends vertically upward, the top of the instrument air duct (6) penetrates the fluidized bed partition (604), and an air outlet is provided on the outside of the instrument air duct (6) near the top of the fluidized bed partition (604), the air outlet is provided on the side wall of the instrument air duct (6), and a first wind cap (602) is installed at the air outlet, the first wind cap (602) is connected to the air outlet, and a guide port is provided on the first wind cap (602), and a plurality of air flow rising ducts (601) are also installed on the fluidized bed partition (604), and a second wind cap (605) is fixed to the top of the air flow rising duct (601).
4. The three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fluidized bed partition (604) is provided with a material disperser (603) below the top material inlet (a), the middle material inlet (c) and the bottom material inlet (e). The material disperser (603) is welded to the top of the instrument air duct (6). The material disperser (603) is a hemispherical shell structure with its convex surface facing upward.
5. The three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride according to claim 2, characterized in that: The aluminum hydroxide raw material inputted into the top material inlet (a) is wet aluminum hydroxide, which can be fluidized, dried and reacted with the hydrogen fluoride gas from the middle fluidized bed layer (2) in the top fluidized bed layer (1).
6. The three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom end of the bottom fluidized bed layer (3) is connected to a bottom cone (4) having a certain space, the hydrogen fluoride gas inlet (i) is arranged on the bottom cone (4), and the heating gas inlet (h) is also arranged on the bottom cone (4).
7. The three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the top fluidized bed layer (1) is connected to a top head (5) having a certain space, the top head (5) is semicircular or conical, and the tail gas outlet (k) is arranged at the top head (5).
8. The three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle fluidized bed layer (2) is also provided with a first auxiliary material inlet (j), and the first auxiliary material inlet (j) is used to put aluminum hydroxide and / or γ-AL2O3. The aluminum hydroxide and / or γ-AL2O3 put into the first auxiliary material inlet (j) are used to adjust the temperature of the middle fluidized bed layer (2).
9. The three-layer fluidized bed reactor for producing aluminum fluoride according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom fluidized bed layer (3) is also provided with a second auxiliary material inlet (f), and the second auxiliary material inlet (f) is used to put aluminum fluoride, and the aluminum fluoride put into the second auxiliary material inlet (f) is used to adjust the temperature of the bottom fluidized bed layer (3).