Internal heating cigar type pyrolysis carbonization furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses an internal heating cigar type pyrolysis carbonization furnace which comprises a furnace body, the furnace body of the furnace body is formed by mutually sleeving a plurality of cylindrical furnace body sockets up and down, an annular gap is reserved between every two adjacent furnace body sockets, the annular gaps serve as ventilation openings, and the ventilation openings are annular air openings; each ventilation opening below the top end is provided with a branch pipe, each branch pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve, and the branch pipes are connected with a draught fan through pipelines. According to the utility model, materials can be carbonized layer by layer, so that the materials are heated more uniformly, the heat efficiency is improved, quick cooling or prolonged heat preservation of charcoal can be realized, the quality of charcoal is convenient to regulate and control, and the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an internally heated cigar-shaped pyrolysis carbonization furnace, belonging to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis carbonization. Background Art

[0002] my country has rich and diverse biomass resources, but about 200 million tons of straw are discarded on site every year, and its resource utilization has always received widespread attention. The pyrolysis carbonization technology of biomass can effectively improve the resource utilization of biomass, and the biochar produced by carbonization can effectively improve soil, adsorb heavy metals, purify water sources, etc. The production and utilization of biochar is not only a process of carbon fixation and emission reduction, but also a process of agricultural efficiency improvement. It is a win-win strategic choice to meet the needs of bioenergy, ecological environment protection and agricultural sustainable development.

[0003] Patent CN104910937A proposes a continuous rotary biomass pyrolysis carbonization and boiler heating integrated equipment, which provides a pyrolysis carbonization technology using biomass, combining the drying characteristics of biomass, pyrolysis devolatization characteristics, pyrolysis carbon gasification characteristics, secondary cracking and reforming characteristics of pyrolysis gas, and proposes a segmented (spiral dryer, spiral pyrolysis reactor, spiral gasification reactor) ladder structure, which can flexibly realize biomass carbonization, liquefaction, gasification and gas, liquid, solid multi-production and other production modes, thereby improving the flexibility of the biomass pyrolysis gasification device, making the structure simpler, and highly efficient and energy-saving.

[0004] Patent CN102816581A discloses a vertical flow mobile biomass pyrolysis device, which adopts a moving bed with a large aspect ratio. The biomass can absorb heat and pyrolyze faster in the moving bed pyrolysis tube with a smaller flow cross-section, which greatly shortens the production time and meets the requirements of continuous production. During the pyrolysis process, the continuous production is mainly achieved by relying on the gravity movement of the biomass raw materials themselves. There is no complicated mechanical operating device in the high-temperature pyrolysis zone, and the system has high reliability in continuous operation.

[0005] The biocharging equipment provided by the above-mentioned patents CN104910937A and CN102816581A both have the following technical drawbacks. They are all heated by hot air, and the hot air will continuously consume heat during the flow process, causing the biomass materials closer to the hot air input port to be heated more, and the biomass materials farther away to be heated less. Therefore, this process will cause the biomass materials to be heated unevenly in the conveying channel, resulting in excessive pyrolysis of the materials that are heated more, and the pyrolysis of the parts that are heated less will be supplemented, which will ultimately lead to low thermal efficiency.

[0006] In summary, the prior art obviously has inconveniences and defects in practical use, so it is necessary to improve it. Utility Model Content

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the background technology, the utility model provides an internally heated cigar-type pyrolysis carbonization furnace, which can realize carbonization of materials layer by layer, make the materials heated more evenly, improve thermal efficiency, realize rapid cooling of biochar or extend heat preservation, facilitate the regulation of charcoal quality, and improve work efficiency.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] An internally heated cigar-shaped pyrolysis carbonization furnace comprises a furnace body, wherein the furnace body is formed by a plurality of cylindrical furnace body sleeves which are mutually nested up and down, and an annular gap is left between each furnace body sleeve, and the annular gap is used as a vent, and the vent is an annular tuyere;

[0010] A branch pipe is installed on each vent below the top, and a solenoid valve is installed on each branch pipe. The branch pipe is connected to the fan through a pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameter of the upper half of each furnace body sleeve is thicker than that of the lower half, the lower half of the upper furnace body sleeve is inserted into the upper opening of the lower furnace body sleeve, and the annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the lower half of the upper furnace body sleeve and the inner wall of the upper half of the lower furnace body sleeve, and multiple furnace body sleeves are serially connected in sequence from top to bottom.

[0012] Furthermore, an annular air distribution ring is provided on the outer side of each vent, and the air distribution ring wraps the annular vent. The uppermost air distribution ring is connected to the pipeline, and the remaining air distribution rings are respectively connected to the branch pipes.

[0013] Furthermore, there are six furnace body sleeves, and five vents are formed between the six furnace body sleeves.

[0014] Furthermore, a fifth solenoid valve is installed on the pipe section of the pipeline connected to the top air distribution ring, and the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve are installed in sequence from top to bottom on the branch pipes connected to the four air distribution rings below the top.

[0015] Furthermore, an ignition rod is provided at the bottom of the furnace body.

[0016] Furthermore, a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, a third temperature sensor and a fourth temperature sensor are sequentially arranged at different heights in the furnace body from bottom to top.

[0017] Furthermore, a furnace cover is provided on the top of the furnace body sleeve at the uppermost end of the furnace body, and the two are connected by a vacuum clamp, and a graphite gasket is installed between the furnace cover and the furnace body sleeve.

[0018] Furthermore, a furnace jacket is provided on the outside of the furnace body, and a heat-insulating material is filled between the furnace jacket and the furnace body.

[0019] Furthermore, a furnace jacket is provided on the outside of the furnace body, and a water inlet and a water outlet are also provided on the furnace jacket.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages after adopting the above technical solution:

[0021] The position of the pyrolysis zone is adjusted by changing the air entry (pyrolysis gas exhaust) position, and the biomass materials in the furnace are pyrolyzed in sections from bottom to top. This will increase the uniformity of gas entry, ensure more complete pyrolysis, and make the pyrolysis process more controllable.

[0022] The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the furnace body of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature sensor in the furnace.

[0026] In the figure,

[0027] 1-fan, 2-furnace body, 21-furnace cover, 22-water outlet, 23-first solenoid valve, 24-second solenoid valve, 25-third solenoid valve, 26-fourth solenoid valve, 27-fifth solenoid valve, 28-furnace body jacket, 29-furnace body sleeve, 210-vent, 212-air distribution ring, 214-ignition rod, 215-water inlet, 2131-first temperature sensor, 2132-second temperature sensor, 2133-third temperature sensor, 2134-fourth temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and effects of the utility model, the specific implementation methods of the utility model are now described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the utility model provides an internally heated cigar-shaped pyrolysis carbonization furnace, including a furnace body 2, a fan 1 supplies air to the furnace body 2 through a pipeline, biomass burns in the furnace body 2, and the fan 1 provides the furnace body 2 with oxygen required for combustion.

[0030] The furnace body 2 is formed by a plurality of cylindrical furnace body sleeves 29 which are mutually nested up and down, and an annular gap is left between each furnace body sleeve 29, and the annular gap is used as a vent 210, and the vent 210 is an annular air outlet.

[0031] A branch pipe is installed on each vent 210 below the top, and a solenoid valve is installed on each branch pipe. The branch pipe is connected to the fan 1 through a pipeline.

[0032] The upper half of each furnace body sleeve 29 has a diameter thicker than its lower half. When the furnace body is assembled, the lower half of the upper furnace body sleeve is inserted into the upper opening of the lower furnace body sleeve 29, and the annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the lower half of the upper furnace body sleeve and the inner wall of the upper half of the lower furnace body sleeve 29. Multiple furnace body sleeves 29 are serially connected in sequence from top to bottom.

[0033] An annular air distribution ring 212 is disposed on the outer side of each vent 210 , and the air distribution ring 212 wraps the annular vent 210 . The uppermost air distribution ring 212 is connected to the pipeline, and the other air distribution rings 212 are respectively connected to branch pipes.

[0034] Preferably, there are six furnace body sleeves 29, and five ventilation holes 210 are formed between the six furnace body sleeves 29. A fifth solenoid valve 27 is installed on the pipe section of the pipeline connected to the uppermost air distribution ring 212, and a first solenoid valve 23, a second solenoid valve 24, a third solenoid valve 25 and a fourth solenoid valve 26 are installed in sequence from top to bottom on the branch pipes connected to the four air distribution rings 212 below the uppermost end.

[0035] When the furnace body 2 is used for pyrolysis, the fourth solenoid valve 26 and the fifth solenoid valve 27 are opened through the electronic control system, and the fan 1 supplies air to the lower vent 210, and the pyrolysis gas is discharged from the uppermost vent 210. Then the electronic control system closes the fourth solenoid valve 26 and opens the third solenoid valve 25 below to pyrolyze the biomass material in the upper layer of the furnace body. This operation is repeated until the first solenoid valve 23 is opened to complete the pyrolysis of the biomass material in the entire furnace body 2.

[0036] An ignition rod 214 is provided at the bottom of the furnace body 2, and the ignition rod 214 ignites the biomass material in the furnace after being energized.

[0037] like Figure 3 A first temperature sensor 2131 , a second temperature sensor 2132 , a third temperature sensor 2133 and a fourth temperature sensor 2134 are sequentially arranged at different heights in the furnace body 2 from bottom to top. The above-mentioned temperature sensors are used to monitor the temperatures at different levels in the furnace body 2 .

[0038] A furnace cover 21 is provided on the top of the furnace body sleeve 29 at the uppermost end of the furnace body 2, and the two are connected by a vacuum clamp. A graphite gasket is installed between the furnace cover 21 and the furnace body sleeve 29 to achieve sealing.

[0039] A furnace jacket 28 is provided on the outside of the furnace body 2, and a water inlet 215 and a water outlet 22 are also provided on the furnace jacket 28 to realize cooling water circulation, which can quickly cool the charcoal after pyrolysis, and is convenient for changing the cooling rate according to charcoal products with different requirements, thereby regulating the quality of biochar.

[0040] In other embodiments, insulation material is filled between the furnace jacket 28 and the furnace body 2. The insulation material prolongs the insulation time of the pyrolytic carbon, which can reduce the heat dissipation of the furnace body 2, prolong the insulation time, and make the pyrolysis more thorough.

[0041] The method for pyrolysis carbonization using the utility model comprises the following steps:

[0042] Step S1, the fan 1 is connected to the branch pipe through a pipeline.

[0043] Step S2, biomass raw materials are loaded into the furnace body 2, the electric control system controls the fourth solenoid valve 26 and the fifth solenoid valve 27 to open, the ignition rod 214 is energized and opened, the fan 1 supplies air to the vent 210 corresponding to the fourth solenoid valve 26, and the pyrolysis gas is discharged from the uppermost vent 210; the air flows through the material at the bottom layer of the furnace body, and at this time, the biomass material at the bottom layer of the furnace body is pyrolyzed;

[0044] Step S3, when the temperature measured by the first temperature sensor 2131 at the bottom of the furnace body 2 reaches the set temperature, the electric control system controls the third solenoid valve 25 to open and the fourth solenoid valve 26 to close, and the fan 1 supplies air to the vent 210 corresponding to the third solenoid valve 25; the air flows through the upper layer of biomass material in the furnace body, so that the biomass material in this layer is pyrolyzed and carbonized; the operation is repeated until the fourth first solenoid valve 23 is opened, and the pyrolysis and carbonization of the entire furnace is completed;

[0045] Step S4, after the carbonization is completed, the fan 1 is turned off, the furnace cover 21 is opened, and the carbonized product is taken out.

[0046] The position of the pyrolysis zone is adjusted by changing the air entry (pyrolysis gas exhaust) position, and the pyrolysis is completed in sections from bottom to top. This will increase the uniformity of gas entry, ensure more complete pyrolysis, and make the pyrolysis process more controllable.

[0047] The above is an example of the best implementation of the utility model, and the parts not described in detail are common knowledge of ordinary technicians in this field. The protection scope of the utility model is based on the content of the claims, and any equivalent transformation based on the technical inspiration of the utility model is also within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An internally heated cigar-shaped pyrolysis carbonization furnace, characterized in that: The furnace body (2) comprises a furnace body (2), wherein the furnace body (2) is formed by a plurality of cylindrical furnace body sleeves (29) which are mutually nested up and down, an annular gap is left between each furnace body sleeve (29), the annular gap serves as a vent (210), and the vent (210) is an annular air outlet; Each ventilation opening (210) below the top is provided with a branch pipe, each branch pipe is provided with a solenoid valve, and the branch pipe is connected to the fan (1) through a pipeline.

2. The internally heated cigar-shaped pyrolysis carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the upper half of each furnace body sleeve (29) is larger than that of the lower half. The lower half of the upper furnace body sleeve is inserted into the upper opening of the lower furnace body sleeve (29). The annular gap is formed between the outer wall of the lower half of the upper furnace body sleeve and the inner wall of the upper half of the lower furnace body sleeve (29). A plurality of furnace body sleeves (29) are sequentially connected in series up and down.

3. The internally heated cigar-shaped pyrolysis carbonization furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: An annular air distribution ring (212) is provided on the outside of each ventilation opening (210), and the air distribution ring (212) wraps the annular ventilation opening (210). The uppermost air distribution ring (212) is connected to the pipeline, and the remaining air distribution rings (212) are respectively connected to branch pipes.

4. The internally heated cigar-shaped pyrolysis carbonization furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: There are six furnace body sleeve sections (29), and five ventilation openings (210) are formed between the six furnace body sleeve sections (29).

5. The internally heated cigar-shaped pyrolysis carbonization furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: A fifth solenoid valve (27) is installed on the pipe section of the pipeline connected to the uppermost air distribution ring (212), and a first solenoid valve (23), a second solenoid valve (24), a third solenoid valve (25) and a fourth solenoid valve (26) are installed in sequence from top to bottom on the branch pipes connected to the four air distribution rings (212) below the uppermost end.

6. The internally heated cigar-shaped pyrolysis carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ignition rod (214) is provided at the bottom of the furnace body (2).

7. The internally heated cigar-shaped pyrolysis carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first temperature sensor (2131), a second temperature sensor (2132), a third temperature sensor (2133) and a fourth temperature sensor (2134) are sequentially arranged at different heights in the furnace body (2) from bottom to top.

8. The internally heated cigar-shaped pyrolysis carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A furnace cover (21) is provided on the top of the furnace body sleeve (29) at the uppermost end of the furnace body (2), and the two are connected by a vacuum clamp. A graphite gasket is installed between the furnace cover (21) and the furnace body sleeve (29).

9. The internally heated cigar-shaped pyrolysis carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A furnace jacket (28) is provided on the outside of the furnace body (2), and a heat-insulating material is filled between the furnace jacket (28) and the furnace body (2).

10. The internally heated cigar-shaped pyrolysis carbonization furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: A furnace jacket (28) is provided on the outside of the furnace body (2), and a water inlet (215) and a water outlet (22) are also provided on the furnace jacket (28).

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