Pressure relief device, battery box, battery and power utilization device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and particularly discloses a pressure relief device, a battery box, a battery and a power utilization device.The pressure relief device is provided with a pressure relief channel, and the pressure relief channel is used for being opened when the gas pressure in the battery box reaches a threshold value and closed when the gas pressure in the battery box is lower than the threshold value; the total flow area of the pressure relief channel is configured to enable the gas pressure in the battery box to be relieved to be lower than a threshold value when the gas pressure in the battery box reaches the threshold value and the opening duration of the pressure relief channel is within a set duration; the maximum size of the pressure relief device in the first direction is smaller than the maximum size of the pressure relief device in the second direction, and the first direction is parallel to the height direction of the battery box. According to the pressure relief device, the maximum size in the first direction can be reduced while the pressure relief requirement of the battery can be met, so that when the pressure relief device is applied to the battery, the height of a battery box can be reduced, the limitation of the battery on the mounting height can be relaxed, and the applicable scenes of the battery are increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a pressure relief device, a battery box, a battery and an electrical device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of new energy, more and more fields are using new energy as a power source. Due to its advantages such as high energy density, rechargeable, safe and environmentally friendly, batteries are widely used in new energy vehicles, consumer electronics, energy storage systems and other fields.

[0003] In order to improve the safety of the battery during use, a pressure relief device is installed on the battery box. However, the application scenarios of batteries using the existing pressure relief device are limited. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a pressure relief device, a battery box, a battery and an electrical device, so that the restrictions on the installation height requirements of the battery using the pressure relief device can be relaxed, and the application scenarios in which the battery can be applied are increased.

[0005] In a first aspect of the present application, a pressure relief device for a battery box is provided, wherein the pressure relief device is provided with an openable and closable pressure relief channel, wherein the pressure relief channel is used to open when the gas pressure in the battery box reaches a threshold value, and to close when the gas pressure in the battery box is lower than the threshold value; the total flow area of ​​the pressure relief channel is configured such that when the gas pressure in the battery box reaches the threshold value, the opening time of the pressure relief channel is within a set time length, so that the gas pressure in the battery box can be relieved to a value lower than the threshold value;

[0006] The maximum size of the pressure relief device in the first direction is a first maximum value Wmax, and the maximum size in the second direction is a second maximum value Lmax, and the first maximum value Wmax is smaller than the second maximum value Lmax; wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to the axial direction of the pressure relief channel, and the first direction is used to be parallel to the height direction of the battery box.

[0007] The pressure relief device in the present application can meet the discharge requirements of the battery because the total flow area of ​​the pressure relief channel is configured so that when the gas pressure in the battery box reaches the threshold, the opening time of the pressure relief channel is within the set time, so that the gas pressure in the battery box can be relieved to below the threshold. On this basis, by designing the first maximum value Wmax to be smaller than the second maximum value Lmax, the maximum size of the pressure relief device in the first direction can be reduced. In this way, when the pressure relief device is applied to the battery, the height of the battery box can be reduced, so that the battery's restrictions on installation height are relaxed, and the battery can be applied in more scenarios.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present application, the maximum dimension of the pressure relief channel along the first direction is a first dimension W1, and the maximum dimension along the second direction is a second dimension L1, and the first dimension W1 is smaller than the second dimension L1.

[0009] Since the first dimension W1 is smaller than the second dimension L1, the pressure relief channel is narrow and long. The pressure relief channel can meet the discharge requirements, and the first dimension W1 can be reduced, so the maximum dimension of the pressure relief device in the first direction can be reduced.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present application, the ratio of the first size W1 to the first maximum value Wmax is smaller than the ratio of the second size L1 to the second maximum value Lmax.

[0011] This design is conducive to further increasing the second dimension L1 and the second maximum value Lmax. Under the premise that the pressure relief channel can meet the discharge requirements of the battery, the first dimension W1 and the first maximum value Wmax can be further reduced, so that the pressure relief channel and the pressure relief device can be narrower and longer. When the pressure relief device of this embodiment is applied to a battery, the height of the battery box can be further reduced, thereby greatly increasing the applicable scenarios of the battery.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present application, along the second direction, the flow cross-section of the pressure relief channel is narrowed from the center to the edge.

[0013] Since the pressure relief channel gradually narrows from its center to its edge along the second direction, the pressure relief device can also be designed to gradually narrow from its center to its edge along the second direction. When the pressure relief device is applied to a battery, the edge of the pressure relief device along the second direction is less likely to interfere with other components of the battery.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the pressure relief channel is an elliptical hole, the first dimension W1 is the length of the minor axis of the elliptical hole, and the second dimension L1 is the length of the major axis of the elliptical hole.

[0015] Compared with the diamond or triangle shaped pressure relief channel, the inner wall surface of the elliptical hole is a smooth arc surface, which helps to reduce the possibility of stress concentration.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the pressure relief channel is in an oblong, rectangular or waist shape.

[0017] Compared with an elliptical pressure relief channel, designing the pressure relief channel to be oblong, rectangular or waist-shaped can help reduce the difficulty of processing the pressure relief channel.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of pressure relief channels are provided, and at least two pressure relief channels are spaced apart and distributed along the second direction.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present application, the pressure relief device includes a valve body and a valve cover, the pressure relief channel is arranged on the valve body, and the valve cover is movably arranged on the valve body for opening or closing the pressure relief channel; the valve body has a first maximum value Wmax and a second maximum value Lmax.

[0020] The valve body is designed to have a first maximum value Wmax and a second maximum value Lmax, so that the valve cover does not protrude from the circumferential edge of the valve body. Under the premise that the valve cover can close the pressure relief channel, the material usage of the valve cover can be saved as much as possible.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, a receiving groove is provided on one side of the valve body along its thickness direction, and the pressure relief channel runs through the bottom surface of the receiving groove; at least part of the valve cover is accommodated in the receiving groove.

[0022] Compared with the valve cover being arranged on one side of the valve body, this embodiment accommodates the valve cover by providing an accommodating groove on the valve body, and utilizes the space of the valve body in its thickness direction to accommodate the valve cover, which is beneficial to reducing the installation space occupied by the pressure relief device in the thickness direction of the valve cover when it is applied to the battery.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, the center of the accommodating groove coincides with the center of the pressure relief channel. By setting it in this way, the center of the accommodating groove and the center of the pressure relief channel are not offset, which is conducive to the valve cover accommodated in the accommodating groove being able to reliably cover the pressure relief channel to close the pressure relief channel.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present application, the shape of the accommodating groove and the shape of the valve cover are the same as the shape of the pressure relief channel.

[0025] By designing the shape of the accommodating groove and the valve cover to be the same as the shape of the pressure relief channel, the valve cover is adapted to the accommodating groove and the pressure relief channel, so that the space occupied by the valve cover and the amount of material used can be as small as possible while the valve cover can close the pressure relief channel.

[0026] In some embodiments of the present application, the valve body also includes a guide ring, which is connected to an inner wall of a pressure relief channel through a plurality of support ribs; the pressure relief device also includes a connecting rod and an elastic component, the connecting rod is inserted into the guide ring and can move relative to the guide ring in the thickness direction of the valve body, and one end of the connecting rod is connected to the valve cover; both ends of the elastic component are connected to the connecting rod and the valve body, and the rebound force of the elastic component drives the valve cover to remain in a state of closing the pressure relief channel through the connecting rod.

[0027] By designing the guide ring, the guide ring can not only guide the connecting rod to move along the thickness direction of the valve body, so that the valve cover can reliably move along the thickness direction of the valve body to open and close the pressure relief channel, but the guide ring can also limit the displacement of the connecting rod along its radial direction.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present application, a limiting portion is provided on the connecting rod, and both ends of the elastic component are respectively stopped at the guide ring and the limiting portion.

[0029] By designing the two ends of the elastic component to stop at the guide ring and the limiting portion respectively, the guide ring can also provide support for the elastic component.

[0030] The second aspect of the present application proposes a battery box, which includes a box body and any one of the above-mentioned pressure relief devices proposed in the first aspect of the present application. The pressure relief device is installed on the side wall of the box body, and the first direction is parallel to the height direction of the box body. The internal space of the box body can be connected to the outside through a pressure relief channel.

[0031] The third aspect of the present application proposes a battery, which includes a battery assembly and any one of the battery boxes proposed in the second aspect of the present application, and the battery assembly is arranged in the battery box.

[0032] The fourth aspect of the present application proposes an electrical device, which includes any one of the above batteries proposed in the third aspect of the present application, and the battery is used to provide electrical energy.

[0033] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 The structure diagram of an electric device according to an embodiment of the present application is schematically shown;

[0035] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the battery shown in;

[0036] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pressure relief device according to one embodiment of the present application at a first viewing angle is shown;

[0037] Figure 4 Schematically shows a schematic diagram of a valve body according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0038] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The application diagram of the valve body shown in FIG.

[0039] Figure 6 for Figure 3 A side view of the pressure relief device shown in;

[0040] Figure 7 for Figure 6A schematic cross-sectional view of the pressure relief device along the AA direction shown in FIG.

[0041] Figure 8 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the pressure relief device at a second viewing angle shown in FIG.

[0042] Fig. 9 for Figure 3 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the valve body of the pressure relief device shown in FIG.

[0043] Description of reference numerals:

[0044] 1000. Vehicles;

[0045] 100. Battery;

[0046] 10. Battery assembly; 11. Battery monomer;

[0047] 20. Battery box; 21. Box body; 211. First part; 2111. Mounting hole; 212. Second part; 22. Pressure relief device; 221. Valve body; 2211. Pressure relief channel; 2212. Lug; 2213. Accommodating groove; 2214. Guide ring; 2215. Support rib; 222. Valve cover; 223. Elastic component; 224. Connecting rod; 2241. Limiting part;

[0048] 200, controller;

[0049] 300. Motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0051] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0052] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0053] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0054] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0055] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0056] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0058] The shape of the valve body of the pressure relief device and the shape of the pressure relief channel are usually circular, which means that the size of the side wall on the battery box where the pressure relief device is installed in the height direction of the battery box needs to be larger than the diameter of the circular pressure relief channel and the diameter of the circular valve body. The diameter of the circular pressure relief channel is related to the gas leakage rate and gas leakage volume of the battery assembly in the battery box. When the gas leakage rate and gas leakage volume of the battery assembly are high, in order to meet the discharge requirements of the battery and make the battery have good thermal stability, the diameter of the circular pressure relief channel is larger, and the height of the battery box is higher, which makes it difficult for the battery to be used in scenarios with limited installation height, thereby limiting the application scenarios of the battery.

[0059] In the present application, the total flow area of ​​the pressure relief channel is configured so that when the gas pressure in the battery box reaches a threshold value, the opening time of the pressure relief channel is within the set time, and the gas pressure in the battery box can be relieved to below the threshold value. The pressure relief device is designed so that the first maximum value Wmax is smaller than the second maximum value Lmax, so that the pressure relief device can meet the discharge requirements of the battery while being narrower and longer as a whole. When the pressure relief device is applied to a battery, since the first maximum value Wmax of the pressure relief device is reduced, the size of the battery box of the battery in the height direction can be reduced, so that the restrictions on the installation height requirements of the battery can be relaxed. In addition to being applicable to scenarios with a larger reserved installation height, the battery can still be applicable to scenarios with a smaller reserved installation height.

[0060] The battery involved in the embodiment of the present application can be used in, but not limited to, electrical devices such as vehicles, ships or aircraft. A power supply system comprising the battery cells, batteries, etc. involved in the present application can be used to form the electrical device.

[0061] In the embodiments of the present application, the electric device using the battery as the power source may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, a battery car, an electric car, a ship, a spacecraft, etc. Among them, the electric toy may include a fixed or mobile electric toy, for example, a game console, an electric car toy, an electric ship toy, an electric airplane toy, etc., and the spacecraft may include an airplane, a rocket, a space shuttle, a spacecraft, etc.

[0062] It should be understood that the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the batteries and electrical devices described above, but can also be applied to all batteries including a box and electrical devices using batteries. However, for the sake of simplicity, the following embodiments are explained using electric vehicles as examples.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle 1000 provided for some embodiments of the present application. The vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc. A battery 100 is provided inside the vehicle 1000, and the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom, head or tail of the vehicle 1000. The battery 100 may be used to power the vehicle 1000, for example, the battery 100 may be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000. The vehicle 1000 may also include a controller 200 and a motor 300, and the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to power the motor 300, for example, for starting, navigating and driving the vehicle 1000.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 can not only serve as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000, but also serve as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000, replacing or partially replacing fuel or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000.

[0065] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a battery 100 according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 2 In the embodiment, the battery 100 may include a plurality of battery assemblies 10 and a battery box 20, wherein the plurality of battery assemblies 10 are contained in the battery box 20. The battery box 20 is used to contain the battery assemblies 10 to prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells. The battery box 20 may be a simple three-dimensional structure such as a single rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, or a sphere, or a complex three-dimensional structure composed of simple three-dimensional structures such as rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, or a sphere. The material of the battery box 20 may be an alloy material such as aluminum alloy, iron alloy, or a polymer material such as polycarbonate, polyisocyanurate foam plastic, or a composite material such as glass fiber and epoxy resin.

[0066] In order to meet different power requirements, the battery assembly 10 may include a plurality of battery cells 11, which refers to the smallest unit constituting the battery assembly. The plurality of battery cells 11 may be connected in series and / or in parallel via electrode terminals for various applications. The battery cell 11 may include but is not limited to a lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery. In addition, the shape of the battery cell includes but is not limited to a cylindrical, flat, rectangular or other shape.

[0067] In some embodiments, Figure 2As shown, the battery box 20 may include a box body 21 and a pressure relief device 22, wherein the box body 21 includes a first portion 211 and a second portion 212, the first portion 211 and the second portion 212 cover each other, and the first portion 211 and the second portion 212 jointly define a space for accommodating the battery assembly 10. The second portion 212 may be a hollow structure with one end open, and the first portion 211 may be a plate-like structure, and the first portion 211 covers the open side of the second portion 212, so that the first portion 211 and the second portion 212 jointly define a space for accommodating the battery assembly 10; the first portion 211 and the second portion 212 may also be hollow structures with one side open, and the open side of the first portion 211 covers the open side of the second portion 212.

[0068] A mounting hole 2111 is provided on the side wall of the box body 21, and the pressure relief device 22 is connected and fixed to the mounting hole 2111. The pressure relief device 22 is a component for releasing the pressure inside the box body 21 of the battery 100. When the gas pressure inside the box body 21 reaches a threshold value, the gas pressure inside the box body 21 is released through the pressure relief device 22. Specifically, the mounting hole 2111 can be provided on the side wall of the first part 211, and accordingly, the pressure relief device 22 is provided on the first part 211. Alternatively, the mounting hole 2111 can also be provided on the side wall of the second part 212, and accordingly, the pressure relief device 22 is provided on the second part 212.

[0069] In some embodiments of the present application, Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the present application proposes a pressure relief device 22, which is provided with at least one pressure relief channel 2211 that can be opened and closed. The pressure relief channel 2211 is used to open when the gas pressure in the battery box 20 reaches a threshold value, so as to communicate with the outside of the battery box 20, so that the gas pressure in the battery box 20 is released; the pressure relief channel 2211 is also used to close when the gas pressure in the battery box 20 is lower than the threshold value, so that the inside of the battery box 20 is isolated from the outside. The total flow area of ​​the pressure relief channel 2211 is configured so that when the gas pressure in the battery box 20 reaches the threshold value, the opening time of the pressure relief channel 2211 is within the set time length, so that the gas pressure in the battery box 20 can be released to below the threshold value.

[0070] The maximum size of the pressure relief device 22 in the first direction X is a first maximum value Wmax, and the maximum size in the second direction Y is a second maximum value Lmax, and the first maximum value Wmax is smaller than the second maximum value Lmax. The first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to the axial direction Z of the pressure relief channel 2211, and the first direction X is parallel to the height direction of the battery box 20. The second direction Y can be as follows Figure 2The second direction Y is parallel to the width direction of the battery box 20, and the Z direction is parallel to the length direction of the battery box 20. Alternatively, the second direction Y may also be parallel to the length direction of the battery box 20, and the Z direction is parallel to the width direction of the battery box 20.

[0071] It should be understood that, in the present application, the pressure relief channel 2211 refers to a channel for discharging the fluid inside the box body 21 to the outside of the box body 21 when the pressure relief device 22 is installed on the box body 21 of the battery box 20 and the pressure inside the box body 21 reaches a threshold value. The total flow area of ​​the pressure relief channel 2211 refers to the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure relief channel 2211 perpendicular to its axial direction.

[0072] When the pressure relief device 22 of this embodiment is applied to the battery box 20 of the battery 100, if the gas pressure in the battery box 20 reaches a threshold value, the pressure relief channel 2211 is opened, and the opening time of the pressure relief channel 2211 does not exceed the set time, the gas pressure in the battery box 20 can be relieved to below the threshold value, so that the pressure relief device 22 can meet the discharge requirements of the battery 100. The set time can be designed according to experience and actual working conditions.

[0073] On the basis that the pressure relief device 22 can meet the discharge requirements of the battery 100, by designing the first maximum value Wmax<the second maximum value Lmax, the maximum size of the pressure relief device 22 in the first direction X (i.e., the first maximum value Wmax) can be reduced. Compared with the pressure relief device with a circular valve body in the related art, the maximum size of the pressure relief device 22 in the first direction X of the pressure relief device 22 of this embodiment is reduced, and the maximum size of the pressure relief device 22 in the second direction Y is increased. In other words, the pressure relief device 22 of this embodiment reduces the first maximum value Wmax by virtue of its size in the second direction, while the total flow area of ​​the pressure relief channel 2211 can still meet the same discharge requirements. Based on this, when the pressure relief device 22 of this embodiment is applied to the battery 100, since the first maximum value Wmax of the pressure relief device 22 can be reduced, the size of the battery box 20 of the battery 100 along the height direction can be reduced, so that the size requirement restriction of the battery 100 on the installation height can be relaxed, so that the battery 100 can be applied not only to the scene with a larger reserved installation height, but also to the scene with a smaller reserved installation height. In general, when the pressure relief device 22 in the present application is applied to the battery 100, it can increase the applicable scenarios of the battery 100, and the battery 100 has good scenario compatibility.

[0074] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the maximum dimension of the pressure relief channel 2211 along the first direction X is a first dimension W1, and the maximum dimension along the second direction Y is a second dimension L1, and the first dimension W1 may be smaller than the second dimension L1.

[0075] In this embodiment, there is one pressure relief channel 2211, and the pressure relief channel 2211 is formed into a narrow and long shape with a maximum longitudinal dimension (i.e., a first dimension W1) smaller than a maximum transverse dimension (i.e., a second dimension L1). On the premise that the discharge amount of the pressure relief channel 2211 of this embodiment is consistent with the discharge amount of the circular pressure relief channel 2211' of the pressure relief device in the related art, and both can meet the discharge requirements of the battery 100, it is easy to understand that the first dimension W1 is smaller than the diameter D of the circular pressure relief channel 2211', and the second dimension L1 is larger than the diameter D of the circular pressure relief channel 2211'.

[0076] By designing a pressure relief channel 2211 with a first dimension W1 smaller than a second dimension L1, the pressure relief channel 2211 is narrower and longer than the circular pressure relief channel 2211', so that the pressure relief channel 2211 can meet the discharge requirements while the first dimension W1 can be reduced. It can be understood that under the premise that the parameters such as the material usage of the pressure relief device 22 in the present application and the parameters such as the material usage of the pressure relief device with a circular pressure relief channel 2211' and a circular valve body 221' in the related art are kept consistent, the pressure relief device 22 of this embodiment can have a good discharge capacity and can also reduce the maximum value of the size in the first direction X (i.e., the first maximum value Wmax), so that the battery 100 using the pressure relief device 22 has good thermal stability and the applicable installation scenarios can be increased.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present application, the ratio of the first size W1 to the first maximum value Wmax may be smaller than the ratio of the second size L1 to the second maximum value Lmax.

[0078] Usually, the ratio of the first dimension W1 to the first maximum value Wmax is smaller than the ratio of the second dimension L1 to the second maximum value Lmax, which is conducive to further increasing the second dimension L1 and the second maximum value Lmax. Under the premise that the pressure relief channel 2211 can meet the discharge requirements of the battery 100, the first dimension W1 and the first maximum value Wmax can be further reduced, so that the pressure relief channel 2211 and the pressure relief device 22 can be narrower and longer. Based on this, when the pressure relief device 22 of this embodiment is applied to the battery 100, the height of the battery box 20 of the battery 100 can be further reduced, which can further relax the size requirements of the battery 100 on the installation height, thereby greatly increasing the applicable scenarios of the battery 100.

[0079] In some embodiments of the present application, the flow cross section of the pressure relief channel 2211 may be narrowed from the center to the edge along the second direction Y. In other words, the size of the pressure relief channel 2211 in the first direction X gradually decreases from the center to the edge along the second direction Y. For example, the shape of the pressure relief channel 2211 may be selected from rhombus, ellipse, and triangle.

[0080] By designing the pressure relief channel 2211 so that its flow cross section gradually narrows from its center to the edge along the second direction Y, the size of the center of the pressure relief channel 2211 in the first direction X is the maximum size (first size W1), and the first size W1 is greater than the size of the pressure relief channel 2211 in other locations in the first direction X. Based on this, on the premise that the pressure relief device 22 can have good structural strength and the material usage of the pressure relief device 22 is as small as possible, the size of the center of the pressure relief device 22 in the first direction X is the first maximum value Wmax, and the first maximum value Wmax can be greater than the size of the pressure relief device 22 in other locations in the first direction X. In other words, the pressure relief device 22 can also gradually narrow from its center to the edge along the second direction Y. When the pressure relief device 22 of this embodiment is applied to the battery 100, the edge of the pressure relief device 22 along the second direction Y is less likely to interfere with other components of the battery 100.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present application, based on the embodiment in which the flow cross section of the pressure relief channel 2211 is narrowed from the center to the edge, further, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the pressure relief channel 2211 may be an elliptical hole. In this embodiment, the first dimension W1 is the length of the minor axis of the elliptical hole, and the second dimension L1 is the length of the major axis of the elliptical hole.

[0082] Compared with the diamond or triangle shaped pressure relief channel 2211, in this embodiment, the pressure relief channel 2211 is designed as an elliptical hole, and the inner wall surface of the pressure relief channel 2211 is a smooth arc surface, which is helpful to reduce the possibility of stress concentration.

[0083] When the pressure relief device 22 with an elliptical hole in this embodiment can meet the discharge requirements of the battery 100 using it, the total flow area of ​​the pressure relief channel 2211 should be 81*π=254.34mm 2 , wherein the first dimension W1 (ie, the minor axis length of the elliptical hole) can be specifically set to 6 mm, and the second dimension L1 (ie, the major axis length of the elliptical hole) is correspondingly set to 13.5 mm.

[0084] The comparative example is used as a control group, and its pressure relief channel 2211' and valve body 221' are both circular. Under the premise of not changing the number, volume and other parameters of the battery assembly 10, when the pressure relief device of the comparative example meets the same discharge requirements (i.e., the discharge volume is equivalent), the total flow area of ​​the pressure relief channel 2211' should also be 254.34mm 2 , the diameter D of the circular pressure relief channel 2211' should be 9 mm.

[0085] Taking the example that the wall thickness d of the pressure relief device 22 of the present embodiment and the wall thickness of the pressure relief device of the comparative example are both equal to 1 mm, the first maximum value Wmax of the pressure relief device 22 of the present embodiment is 6 mm + 1 mm = 7 mm, and the maximum size of the pressure relief device of the comparative example in the first direction X is 9 mm + 1 mm = 10 mm. It can be seen that compared with the pressure relief device of the comparative example, the first maximum value Wmax of the pressure relief device 22 of the present embodiment is reduced by 30%. It can be verified that when the pressure relief device 22 of the present embodiment is applied to the battery 100, while maintaining the pressure relief capacity, the size requirement of the battery 100 for the installation height can be relaxed, and the applicable scenarios of the battery 100 are widened.

[0086] In addition to being in the shape of a diamond, an ellipse, or a triangle, the pressure relief channel 2211 may also be in the shape of an oblong, a rectangle, or a waist in some embodiments of the present application. In this case, the pressure relief channel 2211 extends along the second direction Y, that is, the length direction of the pressure relief channel 2211 is parallel to the second direction Y.

[0087] Compared with the diamond-shaped, elliptical or triangular pressure relief channel 2211 , the pressure relief channel 2211 in this embodiment is designed to be oblong, rectangular or waist-shaped, which helps to reduce the difficulty of processing the pressure relief channel 2211 .

[0088] In addition to one pressure relief channel 2211, in some embodiments of the present application, a plurality of pressure relief channels 2211 may be provided, and at least two pressure relief channels 2211 may be spaced apart along the second direction Y. In this embodiment, the shapes of the pressure relief channels 2211 may be the same or different, and the shapes of the pressure relief channels 2211 may be selected from any of circular, elliptical, rectangular, oblong, and other shapes. The flow areas of the pressure relief channels 2211 may be equal or unequal, as long as the sum of the flow areas of all the pressure relief channels 2211 satisfies that when the gas pressure in the battery box 20 reaches the threshold value, the opening time of the pressure relief channel 2211 is within the set time length, and the gas pressure in the battery box 20 can be released to below the threshold value.

[0089] Exemplarily, all the pressure relief channels 2211 can be arranged in a row along the second direction Y. On the premise that the discharge amount of the pressure relief channel 2211 of this embodiment is consistent with the discharge amount of the circular pressure relief channel 2211' of the pressure relief device in the related art, and both can meet the discharge requirements of the battery 100, it is easy to understand that the maximum size of each pressure relief channel 2211 along the first direction X is smaller than the diameter D of the circular pressure relief channel 2211'. The pressure relief device 22 can be regarded as using its size in the second direction Y to open a plurality of pressure relief channels 2211, so that the pressure relief capacity remains unchanged while the first maximum value Wmax can be reduced. Of course, in other embodiments of the present application, all the pressure relief channels 2211 can also be arranged in multiple rows, and the multiple rows of pressure relief channels 2211 are spaced apart along the first direction X.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present application, Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the pressure relief device 22 may specifically include a valve body 221 and a valve cover 222, the pressure relief channel 2211 is provided on the valve body 221, and the valve cover 222 is movably provided on the valve body 221 for opening or closing the pressure relief channel 2211. In addition, the valve body 221 has a first maximum value Wmax and a second maximum value Lmax.

[0091] That is to say, the maximum size of the valve body 221 in the first direction X is the maximum size of the pressure relief device 22 in the first direction X, and the maximum size of the valve body 221 in the second direction Y is the maximum size of the pressure relief device 22 in the second direction Y.

[0092] The valve body 221 is installed on the side wall of the box body 21. The valve body 221 and the box body 21 can be connected by any one or more of the following methods: screw connection, clamp connection, bonding, etc. Figure 3 As shown, lugs 2212 are provided on both sides of the valve body 221 along the second direction Y to protrude outwards, and the lugs 2212 are used to be screwed to the side walls of the box body 21 through screws.

[0093] The valve body 221 has a first maximum value Wmax and a second maximum value Lmax, and the valve cover 222 does not protrude from the circumferential edge of the valve body 221. Under the premise that the valve cover 222 can close the pressure relief channel 2211, the material usage of the valve cover 222 can be saved as much as possible.

[0094] In some embodiments of the present application, a receiving groove 2213 may be formed on one side of the valve body 221 along its thickness direction, and the pressure relief channel 2211 passes through the bottom surface of the receiving groove 2213. At least part of the valve cover 222 is received in the receiving groove 2213.

[0095] The fact that at least part of the valve cover 222 is accommodated in the accommodating groove 2213 should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be understood that part of the valve cover 222 is located in the accommodating groove 2213 and part of it is located outside the accommodating groove 2213, that is, the valve cover 222 protrudes from the valve body 221. For another example, it can also be understood that the valve cover 222 is completely accommodated in the groove, and at this time, the side of the valve cover 222 facing away from the pressure relief channel 2211 can be located between the bottom surface of the accommodating groove 2213 and the side of the valve body 221 facing the outside of the battery box 20, or the side of the valve cover 222 facing away from the pressure relief channel 2211 can also be flush with the side of the valve body 221 facing the outside of the battery box 20. With this design, the valve cover 222 does not protrude from the valve body 221, which is conducive to preventing the valve cover 222 from occupying additional space of the battery 100 along the thickness direction of the valve cover 222.

[0096] Compared with the valve cover 222 being arranged on one side of the valve body 221, this embodiment accommodates the valve cover 222 by opening a receiving groove 2213 on the valve body 221, and utilizes the space of the valve body 221 in its thickness direction to accommodate the valve cover 222, which is beneficial to reducing the installation space occupied by the valve cover 222 in the thickness direction when the pressure relief device 22 is applied to the battery 100.

[0097] In some embodiments of the present application, the center of the accommodating groove 2213 may coincide with the center of the pressure relief channel 2211 .

[0098] By such arrangement, the center of the accommodating groove 2213 is not offset from the center of the pressure relief channel 2211 , which is beneficial for the valve cover 222 accommodated in the accommodating groove 2213 to reliably cover the pressure relief channel 2211 to close the pressure relief channel 2211 .

[0099] In some embodiments of the present application, the shape of the accommodating groove 2213 and the shape of the valve cover 222 are the same as the shape of the pressure relief channel 2211. Specifically, when the pressure relief channel 2211 is an elliptical hole, the accommodating groove 2213 and the valve cover 222 are also elliptical. When the pressure relief channel 2211 is waist-shaped, the accommodating groove 2213 and the valve cover 222 are also waist-shaped.

[0100] By designing the shapes of the accommodating groove 2213 and the valve cover 222 to be the same as the shapes of the pressure relief channel 2211, the valve cover 222 is adapted to the accommodating groove 2213 and the pressure relief channel 2211, so that the space occupied by the valve cover 222 and the amount of material used can be as small as possible while the valve cover 222 can close the pressure relief channel 2211.

[0101] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figures 7 to 9The valve body 221 further includes a guide ring 2214, which is connected to the inner wall of a pressure relief channel 2211 through a plurality of support ribs 2215. The pressure relief device 22 further includes a connecting rod 224 and an elastic component 223. The connecting rod 224 is inserted into the guide ring 2214 and can move relative to the guide ring 2214 in the thickness direction Z of the valve body 221. One end of the connecting rod 224 is connected to the valve cover 222. Both ends of the elastic component 223 are connected to the connecting rod 224 and the valve body 221. The resilience of the elastic component 223 drives the valve cover 222 to remain in a state of closing the pressure relief channel 2211 through the connecting rod 224.

[0102] The elastic component 223 is a component with an elastic structure, for example, Figure 7 The spring shown may also be an elastic sleeve, a spring sheet or an elastic block structure.

[0103] When the pressure relief device 22 of this embodiment is applied to the battery 100, the other end of the connecting rod 224 extends into the box body 21 of the battery box 20, and the resilience of the elastic component 223 acts on the valve cover 222 through the connecting rod 224, so that the pressure relief channel 2211 remains in a normally closed state. When the pressure in the box body 21 reaches a threshold value, the internal gas overcomes the resilience of the elastic component 223, so that the connecting rod 224 drives the valve cover 222 to move out of the box body 21 along the thickness direction Z of the valve body 221, thereby enabling the pressure relief channel 2211 to be opened, so as to achieve the pressure relief operation of the box body 21.

[0104] By designing the guide ring 2214, the guide ring 2214 can not only guide the connecting rod 224 to move along the thickness direction Z of the valve body 221, so that the valve cover 222 can reliably move along the thickness direction Z of the valve body 221 to open and close the pressure relief channel 2211, but the guide ring 2214 can also limit the displacement of the connecting rod 224 along its radial direction.

[0105] In some embodiments of this application, please continue to refer to Figures 7 to 9 A limiting portion 2241 may also be provided on the connecting rod 224, and both ends of the elastic component 223 are respectively stopped at the guide ring 2214 and the limiting portion 2241.

[0106] The surface of the other end of the connecting rod 224 is protruded in a direction away from the central axis of the connecting rod 224 to form a limit portion 2241. The limit portion 2241 cannot pass through the through hole of the guide ring 2214, so as to limit the displacement of the connecting rod 224 and the valve cover 222 along the thickness direction Z of the valve body 221, so that the valve cover 222 can reliably open and close the pressure relief channel 2211.

[0107] By designing that two ends of the elastic component 223 are respectively stopped at the guide ring 2214 and the limiting portion 2241 , the guide ring 2214 can also provide support for the elastic component 223 .

[0108] In some examples, both ends of the elastic component 223 may also stop at the limiting portion 2241 and the edge of the valve body 221 close to the pressure relief channel 2211 , respectively.

[0109] The second aspect of the present application provides a battery box 20, such as Figure 2 As shown, the battery box 20 includes a box body 21 and a pressure relief device 22 described in any of the above embodiments. The pressure relief device 22 is installed on the side wall of the box body 21. The first direction X of the pressure relief device 22 is parallel to the height direction of the box body 21. The internal space of the box body 21 can be connected to the outside through the pressure relief channel 2211.

[0110] The battery box 20 has the pressure relief device 22 as described above. The beneficial effects of the pressure relief device 22 are the same as the beneficial effects of the pressure relief device 22 as described above, and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0111] The third aspect of the present application provides a battery 100, such as Figure 2 As shown, the battery 100 includes a battery box 20 and a battery assembly 10 as described above, and the battery assembly 10 is disposed in the battery box 20 .

[0112] The battery box 20 of the battery 100 has the pressure relief device 22 as described above. The beneficial effects of the pressure relief device 22 are the same as the beneficial effects of the pressure relief device 22 as described above, and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0113] The fourth aspect of the present application provides an electrical device, such as Figure 1 As shown, the electric device includes a battery 100 as described above.

[0114] The battery box 20 of the battery 100 of the electrical device has the pressure relief device 22 as described above. The beneficial effects of the pressure relief device 22 are the same as the beneficial effects of the pressure relief device 22 as described above, and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0115] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below.

[0116] In the implementation mode of the present application, Figure 3 , Figures 6 to 9As shown, the present application proposes a pressure relief device 22, which is provided with a pressure relief channel 2211 that can be opened and closed. The pressure relief channel 2211 is used to open when the gas pressure in the battery box 20 reaches a threshold value, and to close when the gas pressure in the battery box 20 is lower than the threshold value; the total flow area of ​​the pressure relief channel 2211 is configured so that when the gas pressure in the battery box 20 reaches the threshold value, the opening time of the pressure relief channel 2211 is within the set time length, so that the gas pressure in the battery box 20 can be relieved to below the threshold value. The maximum size of the pressure relief device 22 in the first direction X is a first maximum value Wmax, and the maximum size in the second direction Y is a second maximum value Lmax, and the first maximum value Wmax is smaller than the second maximum value Lmax.

[0117] Furthermore, the maximum dimension of the pressure relief channel 2211 along the first direction X is a first dimension W1, and the maximum dimension along the second direction Y is a second dimension L1, and the first dimension W1 is smaller than the second dimension L1.

[0118] Further, the ratio of the first size W1 to the first maximum value Wmax is smaller than the ratio of the second size L1 to the second maximum value Lmax.

[0119] Furthermore, along the second direction Y, the pressure relief channel 2211 is narrowed from the center to the edge.

[0120] Furthermore, the pressure relief channel 2211 is an elliptical hole, the first dimension W1 is the length of the minor axis of the elliptical hole, and the second dimension L1 is the length of the major axis of the elliptical hole.

[0121] Furthermore, the pressure relief device 22 includes a valve body 221 and a valve cover 222, the pressure relief channel 2211 is arranged on the valve body 221, and the valve cover 222 is movably arranged on the valve body 221 for opening or closing the pressure relief channel 2211; the valve body 221 has a first maximum value Wmax and a second maximum value Lmax.

[0122] Furthermore, a receiving groove 2213 is formed on one side of the valve body 221 along its thickness direction, and the pressure relief channel 2211 passes through the bottom surface of the receiving groove 2213. The valve cover 222 is accommodated in the receiving groove 2213, and the side of the valve cover 222 facing away from the pressure relief channel 2211 is flush with the side of the valve body 221 facing the outside of the battery box 20.

[0123] Furthermore, the center of the accommodating groove 2213 coincides with the center of the pressure relief channel 2211 , and the shape of the accommodating groove 2213 and the shape of the valve cover 222 are the same as the shape of the pressure relief channel 2211 .

[0124] Furthermore, the valve body 221 also includes a guide ring 2214, which is connected to the inner wall of a pressure relief channel 2211 through a plurality of support ribs 2215; the pressure relief device 22 also includes a connecting rod 224 and a spring, and a limiting portion 2241 is provided on the connecting rod 224. The connecting rod 224 is inserted into the guide ring 2214 and can move relative to the guide ring 2214 in the thickness direction Z of the valve body 221, and one end of the connecting rod 224 is connected to the valve cover 222; the two ends of the spring respectively stop at the guide ring 2214 and the limiting portion 2241, and the resilience of the spring drives the valve cover 222 to remain in the state of closing the pressure relief channel 2211 through the connecting rod 224.

[0125] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A pressure relief device, applied to a battery box, characterized in that: The pressure relief device is provided with an openable and closable pressure relief channel, the pressure relief channel is used to open when the gas pressure in the battery box reaches a threshold value, and to close when the gas pressure in the battery box is lower than the threshold value; the total flow area of ​​the pressure relief channel is configured so that when the gas pressure in the battery box reaches the threshold value, the opening time of the pressure relief channel is within a set time length, so that the gas pressure in the battery box can be relieved to below the threshold value; The maximum size of the pressure relief device in the first direction X is a first maximum value Wmax, and the maximum size in the second direction Y is a second maximum value Lmax, and the first maximum value Wmax is smaller than the second maximum value Lmax; wherein, the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to the axial direction Z of the pressure relief channel in each other, and the first direction X is used to be parallel to the height direction of the battery box.

2. The pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The maximum dimension of the pressure relief channel along the first direction X is a first dimension W1 , and the maximum dimension of the pressure relief channel along the second direction Y is a second dimension L1 , and the first dimension W1 is smaller than the second dimension L1 .

3. The pressure relief device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ratio of the first size W1 to the first local maximum Wmax is smaller than the ratio of the second size L1 to the second local maximum Lmax.

4. The pressure relief device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Along the second direction Y, the flow cross section of the pressure relief channel is narrowed from the center to the edge.

5. The pressure relief device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure relief channel is an elliptical hole, the first dimension W1 is the length of the minor axis of the elliptical hole, and the second dimension L1 is the length of the major axis of the elliptical hole.

6. The pressure relief device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure relief channel is in an oblong shape, a rectangular shape or a waist shape.

7. The pressure relief device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple pressure relief channels, and at least two of the pressure relief channels are distributed along the second direction Y at intervals.

8. The pressure relief device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The pressure relief device comprises a valve body and a valve cover, the pressure relief passage is arranged on the valve body, and the valve cover is movably arranged on the valve body for opening or closing the pressure relief passage; The valve body has the first local maximum value Wmax and the second local maximum value Lmax.

9. The pressure relief device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The valve body is provided with an accommodating groove on one side along the thickness direction thereof, and the pressure relief channel runs through the bottom surface of the accommodating groove; at least a part of the valve cover is accommodated in the accommodating groove.

10. The pressure relief device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The center of the accommodating groove coincides with the center of the pressure relief channel; and / or the shape of the accommodating groove and the shape of the valve cover are the same as the shape of the pressure relief channel.

11. The pressure relief device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The valve body further comprises a guide ring, wherein the guide ring is connected to an inner wall of one of the pressure relief channels via a plurality of support ribs; The pressure relief device also includes a connecting rod and an elastic component. The connecting rod is inserted into the guide ring and can move relative to the guide ring in the thickness direction Z of the valve body. One end of the connecting rod is connected to the valve cover; both ends of the elastic component are connected to the connecting rod and the valve body. The rebound force of the elastic component drives the valve cover to maintain the state of closing the pressure relief channel through the connecting rod.

12. The pressure relief device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The connecting rod is provided with a limiting portion, and two ends of the elastic component are respectively stopped at the guide ring and the limiting portion.

13. A battery box, characterized in that: include: Box; as well as, According to any one of claims 1 to 12, the pressure relief device is installed on the side wall of the box, and the first direction X is parallel to the height direction of the box, and the internal space of the box can be connected to the outside through the pressure relief channel.

14. A battery, characterized in that: include: The battery box according to claim 13; as well as A battery assembly is arranged in the battery box.

15. An electrical device, characterized in that: include: The battery according to claim 14, wherein the battery is used to provide electrical energy.

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