A straw deep-laying and field-cultivating machine
By designing a straw deep-paving and field ploughing machine, the problems of seedling shortage, straw not perishable, insufficient return to the field, and poor moisture retention in the corn straw return method in the existing technology were solved, and the fixed depth of straw burial and rapid decomposition of straw was achieved, and the soil moisture retention capacity was improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421315768.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-11
AI Technical Summary
The existing corn straw return method has problems such as lack of seedlings, not perishable straw, insufficient return depth and poor moisture retention.
A straw deep-spreading and field tillage machine was designed. The crushed straw was laid under the surface soil by laying the crushed straw deep-spreading under the surface soil. The combination of the rotary tillage knife shaft and the straw crushing shaft was used to achieve fixed-spreading burial and rapid decomposition of straw.
Accelerate the speed of straw decomposition, improve the soil moisture retention ability, reduce the requirements for seeders, and avoid water loss caused by large pores on the surface of the soil.
Smart Images
Figure CN222692280U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of tillage machines, and in particular relates to a tillage machine for returning straw to the field through deep spreading. Background Art
[0002] At present, there are two main ways to return corn straw to the fields after corn is harvested. One is straw mulching and the other is straw rotary tillage. Straw mulching is to directly cover the ground with broken straw, which can increase temperature and retain moisture, reduce water, soil and nutrient loss, but has high requirements for seeders, is prone to seedling shortages, and the straw exposed on the surface is relatively dry and difficult to decompose. The existing straw rotary tillage method is to mix the straw with the soil during the rotary tillage process, which increases the large pores in the surface soil, has poor moisture retention, and is not deep enough. The straw is not easy to decompose, and seedling burn is prone to occur in the seedling stage of the next crop. Utility Model Content
[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides a straw deep-paving and field tillage machine, which can lay the crushed straw at a fixed depth below the surface soil, accelerate the straw composting speed, and improve the soil's moisture retention capacity.
[0004] The specific technical solution adopted by the utility model is:
[0005] A straw deep-paving and field-cultivating machine comprises a frame connected to a tractor and a rotary tillage shaft and a straw crushing shaft arranged on the frame from front to rear along the traction direction. The tractor is provided with walking wheels. The key point is that the frame is also provided with a straw conveying unit, and the straw conveying unit comprises a feeding mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a conveying pipeline for connecting the feeding mechanism and the discharging mechanism. The feeding mechanism is located between the straw crushing shaft and the rotary tillage shaft. The rotary tillage shaft lifts up the soil and throws it backwards to form an arc-shaped soil-falling track. The discharging mechanism is located in the soil-falling track.
[0006] The feeding mechanism comprises a transverse feeding pipeline for collecting straw and a conveying shaft arranged in the transverse feeding pipeline, on which auger blades are arranged, and the output end of the transverse feeding pipeline is connected to the conveying pipeline.
[0007] The auger blades include left-handed blades and right-handed blades arranged adjacent to each other. The conveying shaft rotates to convey the straw to both ends of the transverse feeding pipe with the help of the left-handed blades and the right-handed blades. Both ends of the transverse feeding pipe are output ends.
[0008] The discharge mechanism comprises a discharge pipe with an arched cross section, and the feed end of the discharge pipe is connected to the conveying pipeline.
[0009] The conveying pipeline comprises a blower respectively connected to both ends of the transverse feed pipeline and an air duct used for connecting the blower and the discharge mechanism.
[0010] The air outlet of the air duct blows air in a direction toward the soil falling track.
[0011] The frame is provided with a cover body located above the soil falling track.
[0012] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0013] The utility model provides a straw conveying unit at the rear of the straw crushing shaft, the straw conveying unit comprises a feeding mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a conveying pipeline for connecting the feeding mechanism and the discharging mechanism. During the rotation of the straw crushing shaft, the straw on the ground is picked up, crushed and thrown backwards, the crushed straw enters the feeding mechanism, and the feeding mechanism conveys the straw to the discharging mechanism through the conveying pipeline, and then the straw falls into a soil falling track behind the rotary tiller shaft. The rotation direction of the rotary tiller shaft is opposite to the rotation direction of the walking wheel. The rotating cutter shaft throws the crushed soil backwards, the soil slides in the air to form a soil falling track, and the soil falls on the straw discharged by the discharging mechanism to bury the straw in layers. The fixed depth burial of the straw can be achieved by setting the rotary tillage depth and power of the rotary tillage shaft, the decomposition of the straw is accelerated, the requirement for the seeder is relatively low, and at the same time, the water loss caused by the large pores in the soil surface layer caused by the mixing of the straw and the soil is avoided, thereby improving the moisture conservation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;
[0015] Figure 2 is a top view of the straw conveying unit;
[0016] In the attached drawings, 1, tractor, 2, frame, 3, rotary tiller shaft, 31, soil falling track, 4, straw crushing shaft, 5, walking wheel, 6, straw conveying unit, 61, horizontal feeding pipe, 62, left-handed blade, 63, right-handed blade, 64, discharge pipe, 65, blower, 66, air duct, 661, air outlet, 7, cover body, the arrow represents the traction direction of the tractor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:
[0018] Specific implementation examples Figure 1-2As shown, a straw deep-laying and returning-to-field tillage machine comprises a frame 2 connected to a tractor 1 and a rotary tillage blade shaft 3 and a straw crushing shaft 4 arranged on the frame 2 from front to back along the traction direction. The tractor 1 is provided with a walking wheel 5. The key point is that a straw conveying unit 6 is also arranged on the frame 2. The straw conveying unit 6 comprises a feeding mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a conveying pipeline for connecting the feeding mechanism and the discharging mechanism. The feeding mechanism is located between the straw crushing shaft 4 and the rotary tillage blade shaft 3. The rotary tillage blade shaft 3 lifts up the soil and throws it backward to form an arc-shaped soil falling track 31. The discharging mechanism is located in the soil falling track 31. A limited depth shaft roller is also arranged between the feeding mechanism and the rotary tillage blade shaft 3.
[0019] A straw conveying unit 6 is arranged at the rear of the straw crushing shaft 4. During the rotation of the straw crushing shaft 4, the straw on the ground is picked up, crushed and thrown backwards. The crushed straw enters the feeding mechanism. The feeding mechanism conveys the straw to the discharging mechanism through the conveying pipeline, and the straw falls into the soil falling track 31 behind the rotary tillage blade shaft 3. The rotation direction of the rotary tillage blade shaft 3 is opposite to the rotation direction of the walking wheel 5. The rotary tillage blade shaft 3 throws the crushed soil backwards, and the soil slides in the air to form the soil falling track 31. The soil falls on the straw discharged by the discharging mechanism to bury the straw in layers. The rotary tillage depth and power of axis 3 realize the fixed depth burial of straw. The laying depth of straw is 15-20cm, that is, the straw is covered with 15-20cm thick soil, which can accelerate the decomposition of straw and has low requirements for the seeder. The straw is directly buried in the ground after being crushed. The water content in the straw is high and it is easy to decompose, which further accelerates the decomposition speed of the straw. The soil in the plot after the tillage machine is operated is not mixed with the straw, and the surface soil has no large pores, which reduces water evaporation. At the same time, the laying of straw can reduce the evaporation of water in the soil under the straw and improve the soil's moisture retention capacity.
[0020] In this embodiment, the rotation direction of the straw crushing shaft 4 is opposite to the rotation direction of the running wheel 5, that is, the throwing direction of the straw crushing shaft 4 is Figure 1 The feeding mechanism is located behind the straw crushing shaft 4 and is used to receive the chopped straw thrown out by the straw crushing shaft 4. The feeding mechanism is located between the straw crushing shaft 4 and the rotary tillage blade shaft 3, shortening the distance that the conveying pipeline conveys the straw to the rear of the rotary tillage blade shaft 3. The structure is compact and the layout is reasonable.
[0021] The feeding mechanism includes a transverse feeding pipe 61 for collecting straw and a conveying shaft arranged in the transverse feeding pipe 61, and an auger blade is arranged on the conveying shaft. The output end of the transverse feeding pipe 61 is connected to the conveying pipeline. The front side of the transverse feeding pipe 61 is provided with an opening for receiving the straw thrown out by the straw crushing shaft 4. After the straw enters the transverse feeding pipe 61, the auger blade rotates with the conveying shaft to transport it toward the output end of the transverse feeding pipe 61.
[0022] The auger blades include a left-handed blade 62 and a right-handed blade 63 adjacently arranged on the conveying shaft. The conveying shaft rotates to convey the straw to both ends of the transverse feed pipe 61 with the help of the left-handed blade 62 and the right-handed blade 63. Both ends of the transverse feed pipe 61 are output ends, and both ends are connected to conveying pipelines. The transverse feed pipe 61 conveys the straw to both sides, reducing the transverse conveying distance of the straw. The two conveying pipelines convey the straw to the rear respectively, shortening the transverse conveying distance of the straw in the transverse feed pipe 61, facilitating the rapid input of the straw into the conveying pipeline, and helping the straw to be evenly scattered behind the rotary tiller shaft 3.
[0023] The discharge mechanism includes a discharge pipe 64 with an arched cross-section. The discharge pipe 64 gathers the straw so that the straw can only fall downward along the opening below the discharge pipe 64 to prevent the straw from scattering everywhere. After the straw falls, it is located in the soil falling trajectory 31 and is covered by the soil thrown up by the rotary tiller shaft 3. The conveying pipeline includes a blower 65 respectively connected to the two ends of the transverse feed pipe 61 and an air duct 66 for connecting the blower 65 and the feed end of the discharge pipe 64. The straw in the transverse feed pipe 61 enters the blower 65, and the blower 65 blows air backward, so that the straw is blown into the discharge pipe 64 along the air duct 66 and falls to the ground along the opening at the lower end of the discharge pipe 64.
[0024] The blowing direction of the air outlet 661 of the air duct 66 is toward the soil falling trajectory 31. The two air blowers 65 blow air respectively with the help of the air ducts 66 connected to them, so that the straw in the air ducts 66 on both sides falls along the discharge pipe 64 and is laid on the soil behind the rotary tiller shaft 3. Preferably, the air duct 66 is L-shaped, and the discharge pipe 64 is arranged parallel to the rotary tiller shaft 3. The straw is transported backward in the air duct 66 with the help of the wind force of the air blower 65 and reverses along the L-shaped air duct 66, so that the straw is further evenly laid on the soil.
[0025] The frame 2 is provided with a cover 7 located above the soil falling track 31. The cover 7 is an arc-shaped structure, and the cover 7 shields the soil thrown out by the rotary tillage blade shaft 3 to prevent the dust from spreading upward and reduce the dust generated during the land preparation process.
Claims
1. A straw deep-laying and returning-to-field tillage machine, comprising a frame (2) connected to a tractor (1) and a rotary tillage blade shaft (3) and a straw crushing shaft (4) arranged on the frame (2) from front to rear along a traction direction, the tractor (1) being provided with a traveling wheel (5), characterized in that: The frame (2) is also provided with a straw conveying unit (6), the straw conveying unit (6) comprising a feeding mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a conveying pipeline for connecting the feeding mechanism and the discharging mechanism, the feeding mechanism is located between the straw crushing shaft (4) and the rotary tiller shaft (3), the rotary tiller shaft (3) lifts up the soil and throws it backwards to form an arc-shaped soil falling track (31), and the discharging mechanism is located in the soil falling track (31).
2. A straw deep-paving and field-cultivating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism comprises a transverse feeding pipe (61) for collecting straw and a conveying shaft arranged in the transverse feeding pipe (61), on which auger blades are arranged, and the output end of the transverse feeding pipe (61) is connected to the conveying pipeline.
3. The straw deep-paving and field-cultivating machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The auger blades include left-handed blades (62) and right-handed blades (63) arranged adjacent to each other. The conveying shaft rotates to convey straw to both ends of the transverse feeding pipe (61) with the help of the left-handed blades (62) and the right-handed blades (63). Both ends of the transverse feeding pipe (61) are output ends.
4. The straw deep-paving and field-cultivating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge mechanism comprises a discharge pipe (64) with an arched cross section, and a feed end of the discharge pipe (64) is connected to the conveying pipeline.
5. The straw deep-paving and field-cultivating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying pipeline comprises a blower (65) respectively connected to both ends of the transverse feed pipe (61) and an air duct (66) for connecting the blower (65) and the discharge mechanism.
6. The straw deep-paving and field-cultivating machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air outlet (661) of the air duct (66) has an air blowing direction toward the inside of the soil falling track (31).
7. The straw deep-paving and field-cultivating machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (2) is provided with a cover body (7) located above the soil falling track (31).