A dry dust removal and filtering device for yellow phosphorus crude furnace gas

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dry dust removal and filtering device for yellow phosphorus raw furnace gas, comprising two cyclone dust collectors and a filter, the two cyclone dust collectors are connected in series in sequence, a steam inlet is tangentially arranged on the cylindrical side wall of the latter cyclone dust collector, the filter is divided into an air intake chamber and a filter chamber by a partition, an air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the air intake chamber, the air inlet is communicated with the air outlet of the latter cyclone dust collector through a pipeline, an adsorption packing assembly is arranged in the filter chamber, the bottom of the adsorption packing assembly is communicated with the air intake chamber through a vertical pipe, a vertical shaft is arranged at the center of the top, the upper end of the vertical shaft is connected to the motor installed on the top of the filter, and an exhaust port is arranged on the top of the filter. The utility model has high filtering efficiency, good dust removal effect, can avoid waste of yellow phosphorus, and has significant economic value and social value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of filtering and processing yellow phosphorus crude furnace gas, in particular to a dry dust removal and filtering device for yellow phosphorus crude furnace gas. Background Art

[0002] In the production process of yellow phosphorus by electric furnace method, the temperature of raw yellow phosphorus gas discharged from the top of the electric furnace is generally 130-200℃. Under abnormal working conditions, the temperature of the gas can reach above 280℃. The dust content is generally 50-150g / m 3 Part of the dust is the dust entrained in the raw materials or exploded by heat. The particles of this part of dust are relatively large, generally with a particle size of more than 10μm. The other part of the dust is volatile compounds generated by the chemical reaction of the charge. After the temperature drops, the volatile compounds condense to form dust with a high dispersion and a particle size of less than 10μm.

[0003] Since the raw yellow phosphorus furnace gas contains a large amount of dust, this dust is very easy to settle in the conveying pipeline during the transportation process, causing system blockage and reducing the gas conduction efficiency of the conveying pipeline. When the blockage accumulates to a certain extent, it will cause excessive pressure in the conveying pipeline, thereby causing production accidents. Secondly, when the furnace gas is condensed, the dust will precipitate together with the elemental phosphorus, thereby producing a large amount of mud phosphorus as a by-product, which increases the difficulty of subsequent mud phosphorus recovery. In order to avoid the above problems, before the raw yellow phosphorus furnace gas is discharged from the electric furnace for condensation, the dust in the raw furnace gas needs to be removed and filtered. At present, there are still the following problems in the dust removal treatment of yellow phosphorus crude furnace gas: first, when wet dust removal is adopted, in addition to consuming a large amount of water resources, wastewater needs to be treated and the precipitated dust needs to be dried, which consumes a lot of energy and has a high treatment cost; second, even if dry dust removal is adopted, the temperature of the crude furnace gas will gradually decrease during dust removal, which will cause yellow phosphorus condensation to mix with dust, resulting in waste of yellow phosphorus and increased difficulty in dust treatment, and on the other hand, it will also increase the viscosity of tar in the crude furnace gas, which is easy to cause clogging of the filter device, reduce the dust filtration efficiency, and affect the dust removal effect. Therefore, it is objectively necessary to develop a dry dust removal filter device for yellow phosphorus crude furnace gas with high filtration efficiency, good dust removal effect, and the ability to avoid waste of yellow phosphorus. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a dry dust removal and filtering device for yellow phosphorus crude furnace gas which has high filtering efficiency, good dust removal effect and can avoid waste of yellow phosphorus.

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is achieved in this way, including two cyclone dust collectors and a filter, the two cyclone dust collectors are connected in series in sequence, a steam inlet is tangentially arranged on the cylindrical side wall of the latter cyclone dust collector, the filter is divided into an air inlet chamber and a filter chamber by a partition, an air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the air inlet chamber, the air inlet is connected with the air outlet of the latter cyclone dust collector through a pipeline, an adsorption filler assembly is arranged in the filter chamber, the bottom of the adsorption filler assembly is connected with the air inlet chamber through a vertical pipe, a movable sealing connection structure is formed between the vertical pipe and the partition, a vertical shaft is arranged at the top center of the adsorption filler assembly, the upper end of the vertical shaft is connected with the motor installed on the top of the filter, and an exhaust port is arranged on the top of the filter.

[0006] Furthermore, the adsorption filler assembly includes an upper orifice plate, a vertical tube and a lower orifice plate connected in sequence from top to bottom, the vertical tube is filled with adsorption material, the center of the upper orifice plate is connected to the lower end of the vertical axis, the bottom of the lower orifice plate is connected to an expanded cone with a large upper port and a small lower port, and the lower end of the expanded cone is connected to the upper end of the vertical tube.

[0007] Furthermore, a plurality of filter plates are arranged at intervals in the vertical cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, thermal insulation jackets are provided on the outer walls of the cyclone dust collector and the filter, and the thermal insulation jackets are connected through pipelines.

[0009] Furthermore, the dust outlets at the bottom of the two cyclone dust collectors are connected to an integrated ash box, and a cone with the top facing upward is arranged in the ash box below the dust outlet, and an annular dust-falling gap is left between the side surface of the cone and the inner wall of the dust outlet.

[0010] Furthermore, a dehumidifier is provided in the air intake chamber above the air inlet.

[0011] Furthermore, the exhaust port is connected to an exhaust fan.

[0012] When the utility model is in operation, the yellow phosphorus crude furnace gas with a relatively high temperature is first introduced into the preceding cyclone dust collector, and the dust with relatively large particles in the furnace gas is removed by centrifugal force, and then introduced into the following cyclone dust collector, and high-temperature water vapor is introduced tangentially at the same time. The water vapor and the furnace gas rotate and flow in the cyclone dust collector and are evenly mixed. On the one hand, the temperature of the crude furnace gas is increased by the water vapor, and the condensation of elemental phosphorus in the crude furnace gas caused by the temperature reduction is prevented, and the loss and waste of phosphorus are avoided, and the viscosity of tar is prevented from increasing after the temperature drops, thereby preventing the tar from clogging subsequent pipelines and equipment. On the other hand, the crude furnace gas is humidified by the water vapor, and the humidity of the crude furnace gas is increased, so that the fine dust in the crude furnace gas is removed when the high-speed cyclone flows through the crude furnace gas. During the dust removal process, the dust particles are easily combined with each other to form larger dust particles, which are then thrown to the side wall of the cyclone dust collector under the action of centrifugal force to achieve the purpose of dust removal. Through two dust removals, the removal rate of dust particles of various particle sizes can be greatly improved, with high dust removal efficiency and dust removal effect. The remaining furnace gas is then passed into the air inlet chamber of the filter and transported to the adsorption filler assembly through the vertical pipe. The adsorption filler assembly is driven by the motor to rotate, and centrifugal force is generated inside the vertical cylinder to make the filler in the adsorption filler assembly fully contact with the furnace gas, thereby fully adsorbing and purifying the remaining dust and various harmful substances in the furnace gas, and having a good purification effect on the furnace gas. The purified furnace gas is discharged from the exhaust port at the top of the filter. The utility model has high filtration efficiency, good dust removal effect, can avoid waste of yellow phosphorus, and has significant economic and social value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0014] In the figure: 1-cyclone dust collector, 2-filter, 3-steam inlet, 4-partition, 5-air inlet chamber, 6-filter chamber, 7-air inlet, 8-adsorption packing assembly, 9-vertical pipe, 10-vertical axis, 11-motor, 12-exhaust port, 13-upper perforated plate, 14-vertical cylinder, 15-lower perforated plate, 16-adsorption material, 17-expanding cone, 18-filter plate, 19-insulation jacket, 20-ash box, 21-cone, 22-ash falling gap, 23-dehumidifier, 24-exhaust fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited in any way. Any changes or improvements made based on the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0016] like Figure 1As shown, the utility model includes two cyclone dust collectors 1 and a filter 2. The cyclone dust collector 1 is an existing dry dust removal equipment, which can remove dust with larger particles in the crude furnace gas under high temperature conditions. The two cyclone dust collectors 1 are connected in series in sequence. A steam inlet 3 is tangentially arranged on the cylindrical side wall of the latter cyclone dust collector 1. Water vapor with high humidity and temperature is tangentially introduced into the cyclone dust collector 1 from the steam inlet 3, which can increase the temperature and humidity of the crude furnace gas. The filter 2 is divided into an air intake chamber 5 and a filter chamber 6 by a partition 4. An air inlet 7 is arranged on the side wall of the air intake chamber 5. The air inlet 7 is connected to the air outlet of the latter cyclone dust collector 1 through a pipeline. The filter chamber 6 is provided with a An adsorption filler assembly 8 is provided, and the structure of the adsorption filler assembly 8 is an existing structure, which can be rotated under the drive of the motor 11. The filler therein can be selected from existing materials such as activated carbon, which can efficiently adsorb dust and various harmful substances in the crude furnace gas. The bottom of the adsorption filler assembly 8 is connected to the air inlet chamber 5 through a vertical pipe 9, and the vertical pipe 9 and the partition 4 are connected with a movable sealing structure to ensure that the vertical pipe 9 and the adsorption filler assembly 8 can rotate under the drive of the motor 11. A vertical shaft 10 is arranged at the top center of the adsorption filler assembly 8, and the upper end of the vertical shaft 10 is transmission-connected to the motor 11 installed on the top of the filter 2, and an exhaust port 12 is arranged on the top of the filter 2.

[0017] During operation, the utility model firstly introduces the yellow phosphorus crude furnace gas with a relatively high temperature into the preceding cyclone dust collector 1, utilizes the centrifugal force to remove the dust with larger particles in the furnace gas, and then introduces it into the following cyclone dust collector 1, and simultaneously introduces the high-temperature water vapor tangentially, the water vapor and the furnace gas rotate and flow in the cyclone dust collector 1 and are evenly mixed, on the one hand, the temperature of the crude furnace gas is increased by the water vapor, and the condensation of elemental phosphorus in the crude furnace gas caused by the temperature reduction is prevented, the loss and waste of phosphorus is avoided, and the viscosity of tar is prevented from increasing after the temperature drops, thereby preventing the tar from clogging the subsequent pipelines and equipment, and on the other hand, the crude furnace gas is humidified by the water vapor, and the humidity of the crude furnace gas is increased, so that the fine dust in the crude furnace gas can be easily separated from each other in the high-speed cyclone process. The dust is combined into larger particles, and then thrown to the side wall of the cyclone dust collector 1 under the action of centrifugal force, so as to achieve the purpose of dust removal. Through two dust removals, the removal rate of dust of various particle sizes can be greatly improved, with high dust removal efficiency and effect. Then the remaining furnace gas is passed into the air inlet chamber 5 of the filter 2, and transported to the adsorption filler assembly 8 through the vertical pipe 9. The adsorption filler assembly 8 is driven by the motor 11 to rotate, and the centrifugal force is generated inside the vertical cylinder 14 so that the filler in the adsorption filler assembly 8 is fully in contact with the rough furnace gas, and then the remaining dust and various harmful substances in the furnace gas are fully adsorbed and purified, and the purification effect on the furnace gas is better. The purified furnace gas is discharged from the exhaust port 12 at the top of the filter 2.

[0018] The adsorption packing assembly 8 includes an upper perforated plate 13, a vertical tube 14 and a lower perforated plate 15 connected in sequence from top to bottom. The vertical tube 14 is filled with an adsorption material 16. The center of the upper perforated plate 13 is connected to the lower end of the vertical shaft 10. The bottom of the lower perforated plate 15 is connected to an expanded cone 17 with a large upper port and a small lower port. The lower end of the expanded cone 17 is connected to the upper end of the vertical pipe 9. The upper perforated plate 13 and the lower perforated plate 15 are uniformly processed with air holes to facilitate the passage of crude furnace gas. At the same time, the aperture of the air holes is smaller than the diameter of the adsorption material 16 to prevent the adsorption material 16 from leaking out. In actual use, when the crude furnace gas enters the expanded cone 17 from the vertical pipe 9, it will quickly diffuse and be evenly distributed.

[0019] A plurality of filter plates 18 are arranged at intervals in the vertical cylinder 14. On the one hand, the filter plates 18 can prevent fine filler particles from being carried away by the coarse furnace gas, causing filler loss and coarse furnace gas pollution. On the other hand, the filter plates 18 can also redistribute the coarse furnace gas so that the coarse furnace gas is evenly distributed on the cross-section of the vertical cylinder 14, thereby improving the adsorption and purification efficiency of the adsorption material 16 on dust in the coarse furnace gas.

[0020] An insulation jacket 19 is provided on the outer wall of the cyclone dust collector 1 and the filter 2, and each insulation jacket 19 is connected by a pipeline. In actual use, it is found that since the side walls of the cyclone dust collector 1 and the filter 2 are in contact with the outside world, the temperature of the side walls of the cyclone dust collector 1 and the filter 2 will be lower than the internal temperature, which will cause part of the crude furnace gas to condense and separate the yellow phosphorus from the crude furnace gas when it contacts the side wall of the equipment, resulting in a waste of yellow phosphorus. In order to avoid the above-mentioned problem, an insulation jacket 19 is provided, and a heat medium such as water vapor is introduced into the insulation jacket 19 to heat and insulate the side wall of the equipment to prevent the condensation of yellow phosphorus in the crude furnace gas.

[0021] The dust outlets at the bottom of the two cyclone dust collectors 1 are connected to an integrated ash box 20. A cone 21 with its top facing upward is provided in the ash box 20 below the dust outlet. An annular ash-falling gap 22 is left between the side surface of the cone 21 and the inner wall of the dust outlet. The coarse furnace gas swirls in the cyclone dust collector 1, throwing out the dust therein and falling along the side wall of the cyclone dust collector 1. When the dust falls to the dust outlet, it can fall into the ash box 20 along the annular ash-falling gap 22. The setting of the cone 21 can prevent the dust in the ash box 20 from being re-lifted up by the coarse furnace gas cyclone flow, thereby avoiding the occurrence of secondary dust and preventing the reduction of dust removal efficiency.

[0022] A dehumidifier 23 is provided in the air inlet chamber 5 above the air inlet 7. In order to improve the filtering efficiency of fine dust in the crude furnace gas, water vapor is mixed into the crude furnace gas to increase the humidity of the crude furnace gas. However, when the moisture enters the adsorption filler assembly 8 and contacts with the filler in the adsorption filler assembly 8, it will be adsorbed by the filler and then block the pores of the filler. However, the adsorption of the crude furnace gas dust by the filler mainly depends on the pores in the filler. After being filled and blocked by moisture, the adsorption capacity of the filler will be reduced and even fail. In order to avoid this situation, a dehumidifier 23 is provided. The dehumidifier 23 is an existing structure, which can reduce or remove moisture in the crude furnace gas and prevent the pores of the filler from being blocked.

[0023] An exhaust fan 24 is connected to the exhaust port 12. Considering that an adsorption filler assembly 8 is provided in the filter 2, when the crude furnace gas passes through the filler in the adsorption filler assembly 8, its conveying resistance increases accordingly, which will reduce the conveying speed of the crude furnace gas, and further reduce the dust removal efficiency of the entire crude furnace gas dust removal and filtering device. The flow rate of the crude furnace gas can be increased by operating the exhaust fan 24 to ensure the efficient operation of the dust removal device.

Claims

1. A dry dust removal and filtration device for yellow phosphorus raw gas, comprising two cyclone dust collectors (1) and a filter (2), characterized in that Two cyclone dust collectors (1) are connected in series in sequence, a steam inlet (3) is tangentially arranged on the cylindrical side wall of the rear cyclone dust collector (1), the filter (2) is divided into an air inlet chamber (5) and a filter chamber (6) by a partition (4), an air inlet (7) is arranged on the side wall of the air inlet chamber (5), the air inlet (7) is connected to the air outlet of the rear cyclone dust collector (1) through a pipeline, an adsorption packing assembly (8) is arranged in the filter chamber (6), the bottom of the adsorption packing assembly (8) is connected to the air inlet chamber (5) through a vertical pipe (9), a movable sealing connection structure is formed between the vertical pipe (9) and the partition (4), a vertical shaft (10) is arranged at the top center of the adsorption packing assembly (8), the upper end of the vertical shaft (10) is transmission-connected to a motor (11) installed on the top of the filter (2), and an exhaust port (12) is arranged on the top of the filter (2).

2. The dry dust removal and filtering device for yellow phosphorus crude furnace gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that The adsorption filler assembly (8) comprises an upper perforated plate (13), a vertical tube (14) and a lower perforated plate (15) which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. The vertical tube (14) is filled with an adsorption material (16). The center of the upper perforated plate (13) is connected to the lower end of the vertical axis (10). The bottom of the lower perforated plate (15) is connected to an expanded cone (17) with a larger upper port and a smaller lower port. The lower end of the expanded cone (17) is connected to the upper end of the vertical tube (9).

3. The dry dust removal and filtering device for yellow phosphorus crude furnace gas according to claim 2 is characterized in that A plurality of filter plates (18) are arranged at intervals in the vertical cylinder (14).

4. The dry dust removal and filtering device for yellow phosphorus crude gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that The outer walls of the cyclone dust collector (1) and the filter (2) are provided with heat-insulating jackets (19), and the heat-insulating jackets (19) are connected to each other via pipelines.

5. The dry dust removal and filtering device for yellow phosphorus crude gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that The dust outlets at the bottom of the two cyclone dust collectors (1) are connected to an integrated ash box (20), a cone (21) with its top facing upward is arranged in the ash box (20) below the dust outlet, and an annular dust-falling gap (22) is left between the side surface of the cone (21) and the inner wall of the dust outlet.

6. The dry dust removal and filtering device for yellow phosphorus crude gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that A dehumidifier (23) is provided in the air inlet chamber (5) above the air inlet (7).

7. The dry dust removal and filtering device for yellow phosphorus crude gas according to claim 1 is characterized in that The exhaust port (12) is connected to an exhaust fan (24).

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