A new type of biological filter for treating odor from kitchen waste

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel biological filter for treating kitchen waste odor, comprising an alkali washing tank for removing acidic media; a pre-washing tank, the pre-washing tank being connected with the alkali washing tank, the pre-washing tank being used to remove water-soluble components in gas; and a biological filter body, the biological filter body being arranged at one side of the pre-washing tank and being connected with the pre-washing tank, a purification unit being arranged in the biological filter body for decomposing odor, the utility model reduces land occupation, engineering construction cost, equipment investment cost, subsequent manual operation cost, system operation cost; the use of volcanic rock layer, bamboo charcoal layer and polyurethane sponge ball layer reduces system resistance, malodorous gas enters from the middle and exits from the top and bottom, thereby improving the bacterial strain biofilm attachment ability, malodorous gas removal ability, and extending service life, and the system has no secondary pollution, is clean and has a strong odor removal ability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of restaurant and kitchen garbage odor treatment, in particular to a novel biological filter for treating restaurant and kitchen garbage odor treatment device. Background Art

[0002] Kitchen waste refers to the waste generated in residents' daily life, food processing, catering services, and unit catering activities, including discarded vegetable leaves, leftovers, leftover rice, fruit peels, egg shells, tea dregs, bones, etc. Its main sources are family kitchens, restaurants, hotels, canteens, markets, and other industries related to food processing; it contains extremely high moisture and organic matter, is easy to rot, and produces a foul odor. The odor components in kitchen waste can be divided into four categories: H 2 Acidic substances such as S, NH 3 Alkaline substances, easily degradable organic matter and difficultly degradable organic matter.

[0003] The existing methods for solving the odor generated during the treatment of food waste are mainly chemical treatment and physical adsorption, such as plant liquid spraying, activated carbon adsorption, plasma, UV high-efficiency photolysis purification, and different treatment processes are adopted for different waste gas components and waste gas volumes. However, the treatment effects of both methods are relatively limited and cannot completely eliminate odorous substances. In addition, the consumption of chemical agents or adsorption materials in these two treatment processes is relatively large, which increases the cost of odor treatment; it may even cause secondary pollution problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a novel biofilter for treating kitchen waste odor to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions: a new type of biological filter for treating kitchen waste odor device, comprising

[0006] Alkaline washing tank, used to remove acidic media;

[0007] A pre-wash tank, the pre-wash tank is connected to the alkaline washing tank, and the pre-wash tank is used to remove water-soluble components in the gas;

[0008] And a biological filter body, the biological filter body is arranged at one side of the pre-washing tank and is connected with the pre-washing tank. A purification unit is arranged in the biological filter body for decomposing odor.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment: the purification unit includes a supporting layer, a filter screen, a spray pipe, a spray head and a filter material layer. The supporting layer is fixedly arranged at the upper and lower ends of the biological filter tank body. The inner walls of the two supporting layers are fixedly connected with filter screens for supporting the filter material layer. Two spray pipes are arranged in the biological filter tank body. The two spray pipes are provided with multiple spray heads distributed at equal distances. The filter material layer is arranged on the upper end of the filter screen.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment: the filter material layer includes a volcanic rock layer, a bamboo charcoal layer and a polyurethane sponge ball layer, the volcanic rock layer is filled at the upper end of the filter, the bamboo charcoal layer is filled at the upper end of the volcanic rock layer, and the polyurethane sponge ball layer is filled at the upper end of the bamboo charcoal layer, and the ratio of the volcanic rock layer, the bamboo charcoal layer and the polyurethane sponge ball layer is 4:3:3.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment: the polyurethane sponge ball layer is a porous mesh filter material layer, and the internal structure of the polyurethane sponge ball layer includes macropores, small pores or micropores.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment: the upper end wall of the biofilter body is provided with a plurality of equally spaced loading ports, one end wall of the biofilter body is provided with a plurality of unloading ports, and the bottom end wall of the biofilter body is provided with a plurality of equally spaced water tank connection ports.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment: the alkaline washing tank and the pre-washing tank are both filled with two layers of polyhedral hollow spheres, a spray pipe 2 is provided at the upper end of the polyhedral hollow sphere layer, a spray head 2 is connected to the lower end of the spray pipe 2, an opening is provided in the biological filter body, and the pre-washing tank is connected to the opening through a pipe.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the utility model are:

[0015] The utility model reduces the land occupation, engineering construction cost, equipment investment cost and subsequent manual operation cost and system operation cost by setting up the alkaline washing tank, pre-washing tank, biological filter tank body and purification unit; reduces the volcanic rock layer, bamboo charcoal layer and polyurethane sponge ball layer, reduces the system resistance, improves the bacterial biofilm-hanging ability, odor gas removal ability and prolongs the service life; and the system has no secondary pollution, is clean and tidy, and has strong odor removal ability; the polyurethane sponge filter material layer is a porous mesh filter material layer, and the specific internal structure is mostly large pores, small pores, micropores, and polygons are co-arranged, and the meridians make the surfaces intersect with each other, and form the internal skeleton of the filter material layer, which plays a supporting role; the internal porous staggered mesh structure can provide a carrier for the attachment and growth of microorganisms; the polyurethane material layer has a larger specific surface area than other material layers, which can reach 1×10 3 ~5×10 3 m 2 / m 3 The porosity can reach more than 95%, which is conducive to the transfer and diffusion of substances, increasing the amount of microorganisms in the reactor and improving the treatment effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall main structure of the device of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall main cross-sectional structure of the device of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall rear view structure of the device of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall top view of the device of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the supporting layer and filter structure of the utility model;

[0022] In the figure: 1. Alkaline washing tank; 2. Pre-washing tank; 3. Biofilter body; 4. Supporting layer; 5. Filter; 6. Spray pipe one; 7. Spray head one; 8. Volcanic rock layer; 9. Bamboo charcoal layer; 10. Polyurethane sponge ball layer; 11. Loading port; 12. Discharging port; 13. Water tank connection port; 14. Multi-faceted hollow ball layer; 15. Spray pipe two; 16. Spray head two; 17. Opening; 18. Pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0024] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 The utility model provides a technical solution: a new type of biological filter for treating kitchen waste odor, including

[0025] Alkaline washing tank 1, used to remove acidic media;

[0026] A pre-washing tank 2, wherein the pre-washing tank 2 is connected to the alkaline washing tank 1 and is used to remove water-soluble components in the gas;

[0027] and a biofilter body 3, wherein the biofilter body 3 is arranged at one side of the pre-wash tank 2 and is connected with the pre-wash tank 2, and a purification unit is arranged inside the biofilter body 3 for decomposing odor.

[0028] The purification unit includes a supporting layer 4, a filter screen 5, a spray pipe 6, a spray head 7 and a filter material layer. The supporting layer 4 is fixedly arranged at the upper and lower ends of the biological filter tank body 3. The inner walls of the two supporting layers 4 are fixedly connected with filter screens 5 for supporting the filter material layer. Two spray pipes 6 are arranged in the biological filter tank body 3. The two spray pipes 6 are provided with multiple spray heads 7 distributed at equal distances. The filter material layer is arranged at the upper end of the filter screen 5. The spray pipe 6 and the spray head 7 are arranged to humidify the filter material layer and circulate the detached bacteria in the biological water tank to ensure the effective biofilm formation of the bacteria.

[0029] The filter material layer includes a volcanic rock layer 8, a bamboo charcoal layer 9 and a polyurethane sponge ball layer 10. The volcanic rock layer 8 is filled on the upper end of the filter screen 5, the bamboo charcoal layer 9 is filled on the upper end of the volcanic rock layer 8, and the polyurethane sponge ball layer 10 is filled on the upper end of the bamboo charcoal layer 9. The ratio of the volcanic rock layer 8, the bamboo charcoal layer 9 and the polyurethane sponge ball layer 10 is 4:3:3.

[0030] The polyurethane sponge ball layer 10 is a porous mesh filter material layer. The internal structure of the polyurethane sponge ball layer 10 includes macropores, small pores or micropores, which are polygonally distributed. The surfaces intersect through meridians and constitute the internal skeleton of the filter material layer, which plays a supporting role. The internal porous and staggered mesh structure can provide a carrier for the attachment and growth of microorganisms. Compared with other material layers, the polyurethane material layer has a larger specific surface area, which can reach 1×10 3 ~5×10 3 m 2 / m 3 The porosity can reach more than 95%, which is conducive to the transfer and diffusion of substances, increasing the amount of microorganisms in the reactor and improving the treatment effect.

[0031] The upper end wall of the biofilter body 3 is provided with a plurality of equally spaced loading ports 11, one end wall of the biofilter body 3 is provided with a plurality of unloading ports 12, and the bottom end wall of the biofilter body 3 is provided with a plurality of equally spaced water tank connection ports 13.

[0032] The alkaline washing tank 1 and the pre-washing tank 2 are both filled with two layers of polyhedral hollow spheres 14, the upper end of the polyhedral hollow sphere layer 14 is provided with a second spray pipe 15, the lower end of the second spray pipe 15 is connected to a second spray head 16, an opening 17 is provided in the biological filter body 3, and the pre-washing tank 2 is connected to the opening 17 through a pipe 18.

[0033] During use, the malodorous gas is collected in a closed manner and enters the alkaline washing tank through the air inlet on the left side of the alkaline washing tank. After alkaline washing in the alkaline washing tank 1 and pre-washing in the pre-washing tank 2, it enters the treatment system in the biological filter body 3. The gas enters the opening 17 from the middle of the biological filter body 3 and exits from the top and bottom. The rising gas contacts the spray circulating liquid on the surface of the filter layer in countercurrent, while the descending gas contacts the spray circulating liquid on the surface of the filter layer in parallel. Under the action of microorganisms, the malodorous gas is decomposed into SO 4 2- 、NO 3 - , CO 2 and H 2 0 and other non-toxic and harmless substances to achieve the purpose of purification; the purified gas is mixed and discharged in the corridor. The system uses polyurethane sponge balls, volcanic rocks, and bamboo charcoal mixed fillers to reduce system resistance, improve the bacterial biofilm ability, improve the odor gas removal ability, and extend the service life. The biological filter body 3 adopts an upper and lower two-layer structure. The odorous gas enters from the middle and exits from the top and bottom; finally, it is collected and discharged through the corridor. The system reduces the land occupation, reduces the project investment, and reduces the labor input in management; at the same time, the upper and lower filter tanks complement each other and improve the odor gas removal ability.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A novel biofilter for treating odor from kitchen waste, characterized in that: include Alkaline washing tank (1), used to remove acidic medium; A pre-wash tank (2), the pre-wash tank (2) being connected to the alkaline washing tank (1), and the pre-wash tank (2) being used to remove water-soluble components in the gas; and a biofilter body (3), the biofilter body (3) being arranged at one side of the pre-wash tank (2) and being connected to the pre-wash tank (2), the biofilter body (3) being provided with a purification unit for decomposing odor; The purification unit comprises a supporting layer (4), a filter screen (5), a spray pipe (6), a spray head (7) and a filter material layer. The supporting layer (4) is fixedly arranged at the upper and lower ends of the biological filter tank body (3). The inner walls of the two supporting layers (4) are fixedly connected with filter screens (5) for supporting the filter material layer. Two spray pipes (6) are arranged in the biological filter tank body (3). The two spray pipes (6) are provided with a plurality of spray heads (7) distributed at equal distances. The filter material layer is arranged at the upper end of the filter screen (5).

2. The novel biofilter for treating kitchen waste odor according to claim 1 is characterized by: The filter material layer comprises a volcanic rock layer (8), a bamboo charcoal layer (9) and a polyurethane sponge ball layer (10); the volcanic rock layer (8) is filled on the upper end of the filter screen (5); the bamboo charcoal layer (9) is filled on the upper end of the volcanic rock layer (8); and the polyurethane sponge ball layer (10) is filled on the upper end of the bamboo charcoal layer (9); the ratio of the volcanic rock layer (8), the bamboo charcoal layer (9) and the polyurethane sponge ball layer (10) is 4:3:

3.

3. The novel biofilter for treating kitchen waste odor according to claim 2 is characterized by: The polyurethane sponge ball layer (10) is a porous mesh filter material layer, and the internal structure of the polyurethane sponge ball layer (10) includes macropores, micropores or micropores.

4. The novel biofilter for treating kitchen waste odor according to claim 1 is characterized by: The upper end wall of the biofilter body (3) is provided with a plurality of loading ports (11) distributed at equal distances, one end wall of the biofilter body (3) is provided with a plurality of discharging ports (12), and the bottom end wall of the biofilter body (3) is provided with a plurality of water tank connection ports (13) distributed at equal distances.

5. The novel biofilter for treating kitchen waste odor according to claim 1 is characterized by: The alkaline washing tank (1) and the pre-washing tank (2) are both filled with two layers of multi-faceted hollow spheres (14), the upper end of the multi-faceted hollow spheres (14) is provided with a second spray pipe (15), the lower end of the second spray pipe (15) is connected to a second spray head (16), the biological filter body (3) is provided with an opening (17), and the pre-washing tank (2) is connected to the opening (17) via a pipe (18).

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