A low-temperature working high-precision speed reduction mechanism

Abstract

The utility model discloses a low-temperature working high-precision reduction mechanism, which relates to the field of reducers and is used to achieve high-precision work under low-temperature working conditions. The reduction mechanism is equipped with a mutually meshing worm wheel and worm in a housing, and the two ends of the worm are respectively connected to an angular contact ball bearing and a deep groove ball bearing; the angular contact ball bearing is coaxially installed in the clearance adjustment ring of the reduction box, the clearance adjustment ring of the reduction box is coaxially connected to the inner ring of the clearance adjustment locking ring, and the clearance adjustment locking ring is connected to the housing; the worm wheel is coaxially connected to the main shaft, and the two ends of the main shaft are respectively connected to tapered roller bearings, and the tapered roller bearings are respectively installed on the front cover and the rear cover of the housing; a PTC electric heating core is installed in the housing, and a temperature sensor is connected to the housing. The reduction mechanism can work normally with common materials under low-temperature conditions, and the design of the double-lead worm and the clearance adjustment locking ring can quickly and efficiently adjust the backlash of the worm wheel and the worm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a speed reducer, in particular to a low-temperature working high-precision speed reducer mechanism. Background Art

[0002] The reduction mechanism is a common mechanism widely used in all walks of life. For example, in the industrial field, such as rotating equipment in industries such as shipbuilding, petrochemicals, and cement; in the automotive field, most are installed between the engine and the wheel to reduce the speed and increase the torque; in the energy field, reduction mechanisms are used in large quantities, including wind turbines, solar tracking devices, hydropower generation units, etc.; in the metallurgical and mining fields, reduction mechanisms are used to drive heavy machinery and equipment, such as ball mills, conveyor belts, etc., to provide the required torque and speed to meet the requirements of production and processing. In addition, there are chemical and pharmaceutical, food and beverage processing, printing and packaging, textile and clothing and other industries. In these industries that are closely related to people's lives, the development direction of reduction mechanisms has different focuses and presents diversified development. While striving for cost optimization, the reduction mechanism is required to be of high quality, long-term stability, high transmission accuracy, and adapt to various environmental conditions, especially low-temperature environments, which also require the reduction mechanism to work normally. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the invention of the utility model is to provide a low-temperature working high-precision speed reduction mechanism in view of the above-mentioned existing problems, which can also achieve high-precision operation in a low-temperature environment.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:

[0005] A low-temperature working high-precision speed reduction mechanism, comprising a housing, wherein a worm wheel and a worm that mesh with each other are installed in the housing, wherein the worm is a double-lead worm, and the axial directions of the worm wheel and the worm are perpendicular to each other;

[0006] The two ends of the worm are respectively connected with an angular contact ball bearing and a deep groove ball bearing; the angular contact ball bearing is coaxially installed in the reduction box gap adjustment ring, the reduction box gap adjustment ring is coaxially connected to the inner ring of the gap adjustment locking ring, and the gap adjustment locking ring is connected to the box body;

[0007] The worm gear is coaxially connected to the main shaft for output, and both ends of the main shaft are respectively connected to tapered roller bearings, and the tapered roller bearings are respectively installed on the front cover and the rear cover of the box body;

[0008] A PTC electric heating core is installed in the box body, and the PTC electric heating core heats the box body when working.

[0009] Furthermore, a temperature sensor is connected to the box.

[0010] Furthermore, there is at least one PTC electric heating core, and each of the PTC electric heating cores is arranged in a layout surrounding the worm.

[0011] Furthermore, a PTC cover plate is provided on the box body at a position corresponding to each of the PTC electric heating cores.

[0012] Furthermore, the angular contact ball bearing is fixed to the worm by a locking nut.

[0013] Furthermore, the breakpoints of the gap-adjusting locking ring are connected by screws and the gap width at the breakpoints can be adjusted.

[0014] Furthermore, the clearance adjustment locking ring is provided with an internal thread, and the reduction gearbox clearance adjustment ring is provided with an external thread matching therewith.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0016] The low-temperature working high-precision reduction mechanism designed in this paper can achieve the design value of the preload value in the direction of the worm wheel axis according to the use conditions of the reduction mechanism, ensuring that the reduction mechanism meets the use requirements under normal temperature conditions. By processing the heating scheme of the reduction mechanism, the disadvantages of high processing precision and high cost of the reduction mechanism parts are solved, so that the reduction mechanism can work normally with ordinary common materials under low temperature conditions. In addition, the design requirements of the gear worm module can achieve a large reduction ratio and low speed output. The detection and response measures of the temperature sensor ensure that the reduction mechanism can be used safely and normally under low and high temperature conditions. The dual-lead design of the worm ensures the high-precision transmission of the product, and the adjustable backlash design can greatly reduce the maintenance cost and improve the use and maintenance efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is the overall structural diagram of the reduction mechanism.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a side view and a cross-sectional view of the reduction mechanism.

[0019] Figure 3 It is an exploded diagram of the reduction mechanism.

[0020] Markings in the figure: 1 is the box body; 2 is the PTC cover plate; 3 is the cross recessed countersunk screw; 4 is the first hexagon socket head screw; 5 is the spring washer; 6 is the second hexagon socket head screw; 7 is the gap adjustment locking ring; 8 is the rear end cover; 9 is the front end cover; 10 is the tapered roller bearing; 11 is the worm gear; 12 is the worm; 13 is the angular contact ball bearing; 14 is the reduction box gap adjustment ring; 15 is the deep groove ball bearing; 16 is the main shaft; 17 is the PTC electric heating core; 18 is the temperature sensor; 19 is the locking nut. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.

[0023] like Figure 1 to Figure 3 As shown, the low-temperature high-precision reduction mechanism of this embodiment includes a housing 1, in which a worm wheel 11 and a worm 12 meshing with each other are installed. The axes of the worm wheel 11 and the worm 12 are perpendicular to each other to better adapt to the application scenario of the reduction mechanism.

[0024] In order to improve the transmission accuracy of the speed reduction mechanism, a double-lead worm design is adopted. In addition, according to the design structure of the double-lead worm, the assembly efficiency of the speed reduction mechanism can be improved. The adjustable mode of the worm 12 in the axial movement is optimized, and the clearance adjustment locking ring 7 is used for tightness adjustment.

[0025] Specifically, the two ends of the worm 12 are connected with an angular contact ball bearing 13 and a deep groove ball bearing 15 respectively. The angular contact ball bearing 13 is coaxially installed in the reduction box gap adjustment ring 14, and the reduction box gap adjustment ring 14 is coaxially connected to the inner ring of the gap adjustment locking ring 7, and the gap adjustment locking ring 7 is connected to the box body 1. Figure 2 As shown, the gap adjustment locking ring 7 is installed and fixed by a first hexagon socket head screw 4 (M4*10) combined with a spring washer 5.

[0026] The gap adjusting locking ring 7 has a gap, and the gap width of the gap is adjustable, thereby achieving tightness adjustment, and achieving the tightening or loosening of the reduction gearbox gap adjusting ring 14. In some embodiments, the gap of the gap adjusting locking ring 7 is connected and the gap width at the gap is adjusted by a second hexagon socket head screw 6 (M4*16). When the gap is adjusted, the reduction gearbox gap adjusting ring 14 can be moved synchronously in the axial direction to move the worm 12. After the movement is completed, the gap adjusting locking ring 7 is tightened to firmly hold the reduction gearbox gap adjusting ring 14 to prevent the worm 12 from moving, thereby achieving rapid alignment. In some embodiments, the adjustment locking ring 7 is provided with an internal thread, and the reduction gear box adjustment ring 14 is provided with an external thread matching therewith. After the adjustment locking ring 7 is loosened by rotating the second hexagon socket head screw 6, the axial movement of the worm 12 can be achieved by rotating the reduction gear box adjustment ring 14. After the movement is completed, the second hexagon socket head screw 6 is rotated in the opposite direction to tighten the adjustment locking ring 7, thereby achieving the locking of the reduction gear box adjustment ring 14.

[0027] The angular contact ball bearing 13 needs to move axially together with the speed reducer clearance ring 14, thereby synchronously driving the worm 12 to move, so it is necessary to ensure the stability of the installation of the angular contact ball bearing 13. In some embodiments, the angular contact ball bearing 13 is fixed to the worm 12 by a locking nut 19 to ensure synchronous movement with the worm 12.

[0028] The worm 12 is used as the input end of the torque, and common power mechanisms can directly select motors and drivers to be connected to the worm 12 as power input. The worm wheel 11 is used as the output end, and common actuators are mostly shaft parts, which are connected to the worm wheel 11 to perform specific actions.

[0029] The worm wheel 11 is coaxially connected to the main shaft 16 for output, and the two ends of the main shaft 16 are respectively connected with tapered roller bearings 10 to take into account the load in the axial direction of the worm wheel 11. The tapered roller bearings 10 are respectively installed on the front cover 9 and the rear cover 8 of the box body 1.

[0030] In addition, considering the low-temperature working scenario, a PTC electric heating core 17 is installed in the box body 1. The PTC electric heating core 17 heats the box body 1 during operation, heats the bearing through heat transfer, and reduces the starting torque of the worm gear 11. In some specific embodiments, there is at least one PTC electric heating core 17, and each PTC electric heating core 17 is arranged in a layout surrounding the worm 12. For example Figure 3 In the example shown, three PTC electric heating cores 17 are arranged around the worm 12, and the three PTC electric heating cores 17 are respectively mounted on the two side surfaces and the bottom surface of the housing 1. The clearance of all bearings (angular contact ball bearings 13, deep groove ball bearings 15, tapered roller bearings 10) of the reduction mechanism and the back clearance of the engagement with the worm wheel 11 and the worm 12 are coated with high-temperature and low-temperature resistant grease, which can further reduce the increase in the torque value of the worm wheel caused by the temperature under high and low temperature conditions.

[0031] Considering the convenience of installation and maintenance of the PTC electric heating core 17, a PTC cover plate 2 is provided on the box body 1 at the position corresponding to each of the PTC electric heating cores 17. The PTC cover plate 2 can be installed and fixed by cross recessed countersunk screws 3 (M2.5*6).

[0032] In order to realize the closed-loop control of the PTC electric heating core 17, so as to heat in a low temperature environment and stop heating at a high temperature, a temperature sensor 18 is connected to the box 1, and the ambient temperature is collected by the temperature sensor 18, so that the PID and the like can give a heating instruction to the PTC electric heating core 17, and the PTC electric heating core 17 starts to work. After heating to the set temperature, the temperature sensor 18 collects the temperature, and then the PID and the like give a stop heating instruction, and the PTC electric heating core 17 stops working. In this way, the normal operation of the deceleration mechanism under low temperature conditions is ensured.

[0033] The installation sequence of the speed reduction mechanism of the above embodiment is as follows:

[0034] Step 1, pre-install and debug the parts in the axial direction of the worm wheel 11, determine the preload value of its tapered roller bearing 10, and then remove the front cover 9, rear cover 8, worm wheel 11 and main shaft 16, and the inner ring of the tapered roller bearing 10 as a whole for installation.

[0035] Step 2, assemble the parts in the axial direction of the worm 12, such as the worm 12, the deep groove ball bearing 15, the angular contact ball bearing 13, the reduction gearbox clearance adjustment ring 14, the locking nut 19, and the clearance adjustment locking ring 7.

[0036] Step 3, after the components of step ② are loaded into the box body 1, the components of step ① are loaded into the box body 1.

[0037] Step 4: Adjust the backlash of the worm wheel 11 and the worm 12 by adjusting the backlash locking ring 7 to the backlash requirement of the reduction mechanism usage scenario.

[0038] Step 5, complete the wiring and packaging of the PTC electric heating core 17, the temperature sensor 18, the PTC cover plate 2, etc.

[0039] Working principle of the reduction mechanism:

[0040] The function of the speed reduction mechanism is to provide a large speed reduction ratio, a 90° input and output transmission direction, and a large torque output. The worm 12 is the input end, and the common power mechanism can directly select the motor and drive to connect with the worm 12 as the power input, and the worm wheel 11 is the output end. The common actuators are mostly shaft parts.

[0041] When the worm 12 rotates, it drives the worm wheel 11 to rotate. The starting torque of the worm wheel 11 increases due to the input torque of the power mechanism and the thermal expansion and contraction of the material in the low-temperature environment. The temperature control system (a peripheral device of the speed reduction mechanism, which can be independent of the speed reduction mechanism or integrated into the speed reduction mechanism) detects the temperature of the environment (the temperature can be measured by the temperature sensor of the temperature control system. When the speed reduction mechanism is provided with a temperature sensor 18, the temperature is measured by the temperature sensor 18). Then, a heating instruction is given, and the PTC electric heating core 17 starts working in response to the heating instruction. After the speed reduction mechanism is heated to the set temperature, the temperature control system gives a stop heating instruction, and the PTC electric heating core 17 stops working. When the temperature of the speed reduction mechanism rises to the normal temperature condition, the torque value required for the start of the worm wheel 11 is greatly reduced. At this time, the mechanism operation instruction at the start input end is started, which ensures the normal operation of the speed reduction mechanism under low temperature conditions. In addition, the temperature control system can also be used as a temperature monitoring of the product, and gives instructions when the speed reduction mechanism is in an abnormal high-temperature condition to stop the heating function of the PTC electric heating core 17. In the case of abnormal low-temperature heating, measures such as extending the heating time can be taken.

[0042] If the backlash between the worm wheel 11 and the worm 12 increases after long-term use of the reduction mechanism, the gap adjustment locking ring 7 can be debugged and maintained. After loosening the gap adjustment locking ring 7, the worm 12 is axially moved until the backlash with the worm wheel 11 meets the requirement, and then the gap adjustment locking ring 7 is tightened. The mechanism can then be used normally without the need to replace parts, thereby achieving the effect of quickly solving the problem and low-cost maintenance.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-temperature working high-precision speed reduction mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a box body, in which a worm wheel and a worm that mesh with each other are installed, the worm is a double-lead worm, and the axes of the worm wheel and the worm are perpendicular to each other; The two ends of the worm are respectively connected with an angular contact ball bearing and a deep groove ball bearing; the angular contact ball bearing is coaxially installed in the reduction box gap adjustment ring, the reduction box gap adjustment ring is coaxially connected to the inner ring of the gap adjustment locking ring, and the gap adjustment locking ring is connected to the box body; The worm gear is coaxially connected to the main shaft for output, and both ends of the main shaft are respectively connected to tapered roller bearings, and the tapered roller bearings are respectively installed on the front cover and the rear cover of the box body; A PTC electric heating core is installed in the box body, and the PTC electric heating core heats the box body when working.

2. The low-temperature working high-precision speed reduction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The box is connected with a temperature sensor.

3. The low-temperature working high-precision speed reduction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is at least one PTC electric heating core, and each of the PTC electric heating cores is arranged in a layout surrounding the worm.

4. The low-temperature working high-precision speed reduction mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: A PTC cover plate is arranged on the box body at a position corresponding to each of the PTC electric heating cores.

5. The low-temperature working high-precision speed reduction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angular contact ball bearing is fixed on the worm by a locking nut.

6. The low-temperature working high-precision speed reduction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap of the gap-adjusting locking ring is connected by screws to adjust the gap width of the gap.

7. The low-temperature working high-precision speed reduction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clearance adjustment locking ring is provided with an internal thread, and the reduction box clearance adjustment ring is provided with an external thread matching therewith.

8. The low-temperature working high-precision speed reduction mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clearances of the angular contact ball bearings, deep groove ball bearings and tapered roller bearings as well as the back clearances of the worm wheels and worms are all coated with high-temperature and low-temperature resistant grease.

Images