A mutual inductor based on automatic deicing device
By designing an automatically controlled passive self-excitation deicing device in the transformer, using components such as PTC thermistor and self-excitation coil, the problems of low efficiency and danger of existing transformer deicing devices are solved, and automated deicing is achieved, which improves the safety and efficiency of equipment operation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421283855.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-06-06
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-06-06
AI Technical Summary
The existing transformer deicing device relies on human operation, is inefficient and has high risk, and cannot handle ice covering in time in time, resulting in unstable equipment operation and increasing operation and maintenance costs.
A transformer based on an automatic deicing device is designed, and components such as PTC thermistor and self-excitation coil are used to automatically control the passive self-excitation deicing. By starting the deicing device with a rapidly smaller impedance when the ambient temperature decreases, the temperature of the transformer is increased to prevent ice covering.
It realizes automatic activation of the deicing device when the ambient temperature is abnormal, quickly increase the temperature of the transformer, prevent ice-covering, ensure normal operation of the equipment, reduce operation and maintenance costs, and improve deicing efficiency and safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN222705305U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a high voltage circuit device, and more particularly to a self-excited mutual inductor deicing device based on PTC automatic control. Background Art
[0002] With the deterioration of the earth's weather environment and other factors, the probability of severe weather is increasing year by year, especially freezing rain, which has an increasingly greater impact on the safe operation of the power system. It will produce a layer of ice on the surface of electrical equipment, causing serious discharge of products and normal and safe operation of the lines, and will cause the lines to malfunction and cause large-scale power outages. Because most weather reasons are sudden, it is impossible to de-ice manually. Sometimes, road closures in remote areas make it impossible to reach the substation immediately for de-icing tasks. In view of these situations, in order to prevent winter rain icing from affecting the normal operation of the power system transformer equipment, intervention measures need to be taken at the beginning of freezing rain, and the overall temperature of the transformer equipment should be slowly increased so that the freezing rain cannot freeze to prevent system failures from causing large-scale power outages. At present, the transformer de-icing device is still in a manual state, using insulating rods to remove ice bit by bit on the outer insulating part, which is extremely inefficient and highly dangerous.
[0003] Artificial deicing can no longer meet the needs of modern development. Its safety, timeliness and processing capacity are far from meeting the requirements. Other methods cannot achieve timeliness, that is, they cannot handle ice accumulation at the same time as the temperature drops. They are all processed after ice accumulation occurs. If the processing is not timely, the normal operation of the equipment cannot be guaranteed. It may also require more expensive methods to solve this problem. At present, other technologies are not mature enough, which restricts the application of equipment deicing. Some equipment has a complex structure and high cost and cannot meet the requirements of on-site operations. Comprehensive analysis shows that manual deicing is still a helpless choice. Other methods cannot be carried out and are also very complicated, which also indirectly increases the operation and maintenance costs. Summary of the invention
[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a mutual inductor based on an automatic de-icing device, which is an automatically controlled passive self-excited de-icing mutual inductor. When operating at normal temperature, its impedance is very large, and when the ambient temperature drops abnormally, its impedance can quickly decrease, so that the de-icing device is started to increase the temperature of the mutual inductor itself. When the mutual inductor of the present invention operates normally, the de-icing unit is not started, and the de-icing unit has almost no power loss, and has little impact on the system and equipment; the present invention has a fast response speed and stable operation under temperature changes, and can automatically start when the ambient temperature is abnormal, which can play a role in limiting the formation of ice, and realizes safe and real-time de-icing in a true sense to eliminate hidden dangers.
[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a mutual inductor based on an automatic deicing device, comprising a mutual inductor winding and an external shell in an insulating medium, and an automatic deicing device, wherein the automatic deicing device comprises an internal unit arranged in a gap inside the shell and placed in the insulating medium, and an external unit encapsulated and arranged in an environment outside the shell;
[0006] Wherein, the internal unit includes a conductive rod connected in series in the transformer circuit, and a self-excited coil and a saturation coil are wound around the outside of the conductive rod; the external unit includes a PTC thermistor electrically connected to the first output terminal of the self-excited coil, and the other end of the PTC thermistor is connected to the trigger coil wound on the upper armature core column; the other end of the trigger coil is connected to the second output terminal of the self-excited coil; the lower armature corresponding to the upper armature is provided with a moving contact, and the upper armature is correspondingly provided with a static contact; the two output terminals of the saturation coil are electrically connected to the moving contact and the static contact respectively. The transformer is a voltage transformer, one end of the conductive rod is connected to the A terminal of the voltage transformer, and the other end is connected to the wiring port connected to the power supply; or the transformer is a current transformer, one end of the conductive rod is connected to one terminal in the secondary coil, and the other end is connected to the wiring port of the power supply.
[0007] Preferably, both the internal unit and the external unit are provided with a ceramic housing for supporting components.
[0008] In the best mode, the conductive rod is fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the ceramic tube, passing through the upper fixed cover and the lower fixed cover arranged on the ceramic tube; the lower armature is fixedly connected to the shell wall of the ceramic shell through a bellows.
[0009] In addition, the insulating medium is oil or gas that fills the entire transformer.
[0010] In summary, the transformer of the automatic deicing device of the present invention includes: a PTC thermistor, an upper armature, a lower armature, a static contact, a moving contact, a trigger coil, a self-excited coil, a saturation coil, an upper fixed cover, a lower fixed cover, a ceramic tube, a conductive rod, and a bellows. The upper fixed cover and the lower fixed cover are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the ceramic tube; one end of the PTC thermistor is connected to the self-excited coil and the other end is connected to the trigger coil; the trigger coil is wound on the upper armature core column, one end is connected to the self-excited coil and the other end is connected to the PTC thermistor; the static contact is connected to the upper armature; the moving contact is connected to the lower armature; the conductive rod passes through the upper fixed cover, the trigger coil, the saturation coil, the ceramic tube and the lower fixed cover; the upper armature is connected to the ceramic tube wall; the lower armature is fixedly connected to the ceramic tube wall through a bellows; the saturation coil is sleeved in the ceramic tube, and the two output terminals of the coil are respectively connected to the moving contact and the static contact; the PTC thermistor, the upper armature, the lower armature, the static contact, the moving contact, the trigger coil, the self-excited coil, the saturation coil, the upper fixed cover, the lower fixed cover, the ceramic tube, the conductive rod and the bellows are integrated and placed in the insulating medium inside the mutual inductor.
[0011] In addition, the PTC thermistor has a certain power, and the PTC thermistor is a circular ring, a rectangular ring, an elliptical ring or a ring-shaped shape. The upper armature and the lower armature include but are not limited to silicon steel sheet materials. The self-excited coil has a certain load capacity, and the self-excited coil includes but is not limited to electromagnetic principles. The ceramic shell has a certain thickness and strength, including but not limited to ceramic materials, and the ceramic shell is a circular ring, a rectangular ring, an elliptical ring, or a ring-shaped shape and other shapes that are easy to install. The saturation coil has self-recovery ability, and the saturation coil includes but is not limited to electromagnetic principles.
[0012] In working state: the deicing device conductive rod in the mutual inductor of the present invention is connected in series to the primary circuit of the mutual inductor equipment, and is connected to the circuit together with the mutual inductor for operation.
[0013] During normal operation, when the ambient temperature is normal, the PTC thermistor value is high, the trigger coil is short-circuited, the energy of the upper armature is insufficient to magnetically attract the lower armature, so that the moving contact and the static contact cannot be turned on, the saturated coil does not work, and the device does not operate.
[0014] When the product freezes at low temperature, the PTC thermistor value becomes low due to the low ambient temperature, the trigger coil current becomes larger, and the upper armature magnetically attracts the lower armature, thereby turning on the static contact and the moving contact, thereby short-circuiting the saturation coil, and releasing heat from the ceramic tube through the mutual inductor medium flow to increase the mutual inductor temperature and melt the ice; when the low ambient temperature is relieved, the PTC thermistor value increases, making it impossible for the upper armature to magnetically attract the lower armature, until the moving contact and the static contact disconnect the saturation coil circuit, and the device stops running.
[0015] Through the above technical scheme, the present invention provides a mutual inductor based on an automatic deicing device, which utilizes an automatic control deicing unit, works in a passive self-excitation mode, and is connected in series with the device in the system circuit. When operating at normal temperature, its impedance is very large, and when the ambient temperature drops abnormally, its impedance can quickly decrease, so that the deicing device is started to increase the temperature of the mutual inductor itself. When the mutual inductor equipment of the present invention operates normally, there is almost no power loss when the deicing device is not started, and the impact on the system and equipment is very small; the present invention has a fast response speed and stable operation under temperature changes, and can automatically start when the ambient temperature is abnormal, which can limit the formation of ice, realizing truly safe and real-time deicing to eliminate hidden dangers, and has the characteristics of high efficiency, safety and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the self-excited deicing device in the mutual inductor of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view of the structure.
[0019] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the application of a current transformer in a self-excited transformer deicing device based on PTC automatic control.
[0020] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the voltage transformer application of the self-excited transformer deicing device based on PTC automatic control of the present invention is shown.
[0021] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a specific example of voltage transformer application.
[0022] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a specific example of current transformer application shown.
[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of the junction box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention:
[0025] like Figures 1 to 3 The self-excited deicing unit with PTC automatic control in the mutual inductor of the present invention comprises: a ceramic tube 101, an upper armature 102, a trigger coil 103, a PTC thermistor 104, a static contact 105, a moving contact 106, a bellows 107, a lower armature 108, a saturation coil 109, an upper fixed cover 110, a lower fixed cover 111, a conductive rod 112, and a self-excited coil 113.
[0026] The upper fixing cover 110 and the lower fixing cover 111 are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the ceramic tube 101;
[0027] One end of the PTC thermistor 104 is connected to the self-excited coil 113 and the other end is connected to the trigger coil 103;
[0028] The trigger coil 103 is wound on the core column of the upper armature 102, one end of which is connected to the self-excited coil 113, and the other end is connected to the PTC thermistor 104;
[0029] The static contact 105 is connected to the upper armature 102;
[0030] The moving contact 106 is connected to the lower armature 108;
[0031] The conductive rod 112 passes through the upper fixed cover 110, the trigger coil 103, the saturation coil 109, the ceramic tube 101, and the lower fixed cover 111;
[0032] The upper armature 102 is fixedly connected to the wall of the ceramic tube 101;
[0033] The lower armature 108 is fixedly connected to the wall of the ceramic tube 101 through the bellows 107;
[0034] The saturation coil 109 is sleeved in the ceramic tube 101, and two outlet terminals of the saturation coil 109 are respectively connected to the moving contact 106 and the static contact 105;
[0035] The PTC thermistor 104, upper armature 102, lower armature 108, bellows 107, static contact 105, moving contact 106, trigger coil 103, self-excited coil 113, saturation coil 109, upper fixed cover 110, lower fixed cover 111, ceramic tube 101, and conductive rod 112 are integrally placed in the insulating medium inside the mutual inductor.
[0036] The deicing unit of the present invention is connected in series to the primary circuit of the mutual inductor through the conductive rod 112, and connected in series with the mutual inductor to the circuit for operation;
[0037] During normal operation, when the ambient temperature is normal, the resistance of the PTC thermistor 104 is high, the trigger coil 103 is short-circuited, the upper armature 102 has insufficient energy to magnetically attract the lower armature 108, and the moving contact 106 and the static contact 105 cannot be turned on, the saturated coil 109 does not work, and the de-icing device does not operate.
[0038] When the product freezes at low temperature, the value of the PTC thermistor 104 decreases due to the low ambient temperature, the current of the trigger coil 103 increases, and the upper armature 102 magnetically attracts the lower armature 108, thereby turning on the static contact 105 and the moving contact 106, thereby turning on the circuit of the saturation coil 109, and releasing heat from the ceramic tube 101 through the transformer medium flow to keep the transformer temperature rising and start to melt the ice; when the low ambient temperature is relieved, the value of the PTC thermistor 104 increases, making it impossible for the upper armature 102 to magnetically attract the lower armature 108, until the moving contact 106 and the static contact 105 are disconnected and the saturation coil 109 circuit stops working. In other words, the internal unit is inside the transformer, and the transformer itself has an insulating medium, which can conduct heat and thus achieve the ice melting function.
[0039] Figure 3 and Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a current transformer application; Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown (combined Figure 7 As shown), the device of this embodiment includes:
[0040] Current transformer primary coil 201, secondary coil 202, self-excited current transformer deicing device 203;
[0041] The self-excited transformer deicing device 203 is composed of Figure 1 The conductive rod of the self-excited mutual inductor deicing device is connected in series in the current mutual inductor circuit. When the equipment freezes at low temperature, the PTC thermistor value becomes low due to the low ambient temperature, the trigger coil current becomes larger, and the upper armature magnetically attracts the lower armature, thereby connecting the static contact and the moving contact, thereby short-circuiting the saturated coil and conducting. Heat is released from the ceramic tube through the flow of the mutual inductor medium to keep the mutual inductor temperature rising and begin to melt the ice. When the low ambient temperature is relieved, the PTC thermistor value increases, making it impossible for the upper armature to magnetically attract the lower armature until the moving contact is disconnected from the static contact and the saturated coil circuit device stops running.
[0042] Figure 4 and Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a voltage transformer application of the present invention. Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown (combined Figure 7 As shown), the device of this embodiment includes:
[0043] A voltage transformer primary coil 301 and a self-excited transformer deicing device 302;
[0044] The self-excited transformer deicing device 302 is composed of Figure 1 The conductive rod of the self-excited transformer de-icing device is connected in series in the voltage transformer circuit. When the equipment is frozen due to low temperature, the PTC thermistor value becomes low due to the low ambient temperature, the trigger coil current becomes larger, and the upper armature magnetically attracts the lower armature, thereby connecting the static contact and the moving contact, thereby short-circuiting the saturated coil, and releasing heat from the ceramic tube through the transformer medium flow to keep the transformer temperature rising and begin to melt the ice; when the low ambient temperature is relieved, the PTC thermistor value increases, making it impossible for the upper armature to magnetically attract the lower armature until the moving contact is disconnected from the static contact and the saturated coil circuit device stops running.
[0045] Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the process, whether it is a voltage transformer or a current transformer, the problem to be solved is the ice coating on the porcelain sleeve. Figure 4 In the voltage transformer principle, the device is connected in series between A (the conductive rod is connected to the A end of the voltage transformer) and B (then connected to the wiring port of the external junction box for power supply). During normal operation, current will flow between A and B. Then connecting the device in series with the equipment will make the self-excited coil work. If the ambient temperature is normal, the thermistor impedance is very large, which is equivalent to the trigger coil being disconnected, and the deicing device will not work. On the contrary, if the ambient temperature is lower than the set value, the trigger coil will work and the saturated coil will be turned on. In the figure, the number 606 is the primary lead tube, 604 is the porcelain sleeve, M is the built-in unit of the deicing device, 601 is the external unit (encapsulated in the junction box 602), and 603 is the box.
[0046] Figure 5 The same is true for the current transformer. When the device is connected to the lead loop of the secondary coil, the self-excited coil will also work. If the ambient temperature is normal, the thermistor impedance is very large, which is equivalent to the trigger coil being disconnected, and the deicing device will not work. On the contrary, when the ambient temperature is lower than the set value, the trigger coil will work and conduct the saturated coil. In the figure, the number 601 is an external unit (encapsulated in the junction box 602), 604 is a porcelain sleeve, 607 is an expander, 608 is an oil storage cabinet (or a dielectric cabinet), 609 indicates that the conductive rod is connected to one of the terminals of the secondary coil (and then connected to the wiring port of the external junction box for power supply), 610 is a base, and H indicates the gap of the transformer.
[0047] When the power system of the present invention is running in a normal environment, its impedance is very large, and when the ambient temperature drops abnormally, its impedance can quickly decrease, so that the deicing device starts to increase the temperature of the transformer itself to melt the ice. When the transformer equipment is running normally, this device has almost no power loss and has little impact on the system and equipment; the present invention has a fast response speed and stable operation under temperature changes, and can automatically start when the ambient temperature is abnormal, which can limit the generation of ice. It has low cost and simple manufacturing, and truly realizes real-time safety, efficient real-time deicing, and reduces safety hazards.
[0048] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A transformer based on an automatic deicing device, comprising a transformer winding in an insulating medium and an external shell, characterized in that: Also included is an automatic deicing device, the automatic deicing device comprising an internal unit disposed in a gap inside the shell and placed in the insulating medium, and an external unit encapsulated and disposed in an environment outside the shell; The internal unit comprises a conductive rod (112) connected in series in a primary circuit, and a self-excited coil (113) and a saturation coil (109) are wound around the outside of the conductive rod (112); The external unit comprises a PTC thermistor (104) electrically connected to a first output terminal of the self-excitation coil (113); the other end of the PTC thermistor (104) is connected to a trigger coil (103) wound on a core column of an upper armature (102); the other end of the trigger coil (103) is connected to a second output terminal of the self-excitation coil (113); a lower armature (108) corresponding to the upper armature (102) is provided with a moving contact (106); correspondingly, the upper armature (102) is provided with a stationary contact (105); two output terminals of the saturation coil (109) are electrically connected to the moving contact (106) and the stationary contact (105), respectively; The mutual inductor is a voltage mutual inductor, one end of the conductive rod (112) is connected to the A end of the voltage mutual inductor, and the other end is connected to a connection port for power supply; Alternatively, the mutual inductor is a current mutual inductor, one end of the conductive rod (112) is connected to a terminal in the secondary coil, and the other end is connected to a power supply connection port.
2. The mutual inductor based on the automatic deicing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal unit and the external unit are both provided with a ceramic housing for supporting components.
3. The mutual inductor based on the automatic deicing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conductive rod (112) is fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the ceramic tube (101), and passes through an upper fixed cover (110) and a lower fixed cover (111) arranged on the ceramic tube (101).
4. The mutual inductor based on the automatic deicing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower armature (108) is fixedly connected to the shell wall of the ceramic shell through a bellows (107).
5. The mutual inductor based on the automatic deicing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The insulating medium is oil or gas that fills the entire transformer.
6. The mutual inductor based on the automatic deicing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The PTC thermistor has a ring shape.
7. The mutual inductor based on the automatic deicing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The upper armature (102) and the lower armature (108) are made of silicon steel sheet material.