An integrated reactor for gas desulfurization and dechlorination

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integrated gas desulfurization and dechlorination reactor, comprising: a support seat, a reactor body, an inlet pipe, a gas distributor, an inlet gas collecting chamber, a filter screen, an inert protective porcelain ball layer, a support grid, a primary desulfurization catalytic bed, a secondary desulfurization catalytic bed, a dechlorination catalytic bed, a discharge port, a filling channel, a manhole, an outlet gas collecting chamber, and a gas outlet pipe. Through the above-mentioned method, the utility model is an integrated gas desulfurization and dechlorination reactor, in which desulfurization and dechlorination catalysts are loaded in the reactor to achieve desulfurization and dechlorination reactions in one reactor, and each catalyst can be loaded and unloaded separately, thereby improving purification efficiency and quality, with high integration, strong flexibility, small investment, small footprint, and simple operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of industrial furnaces, in particular to an integrated gas desulfurization and dechlorination reactor. Background Art

[0002] The gas used as raw gas or fuel gas in the equipment of petrochemical industry and other industries generally contains trace amounts of harmful substances such as H2S, organic sulfur, HCL, ammonia and ammonium salts, as well as other impurities.

[0003] Chemical reactions will occur between these harmful substances. The NH4Cl and (NH4)2S generated by the reactions will form salts and precipitate at low temperatures or dead corners, causing blockage and corrosion of filters, flame arresters and metal hoses on the pipeline, affecting operation and safety.

[0004] The H2S and organic sulfur contained in the fuel gas will generate SOx after the combustion reaction, which will cause corrosion to the equipment and components in the low-temperature parts of the industrial furnace, and in severe cases, cause failure of the equipment and components.

[0005] The existing reactors for desulfurization and dechlorination reactions are all arranged separately, that is, the desulfurization reactor and the dechlorination reactor are arranged separately, and the reactors are connected by pipelines. Sometimes, in order to achieve the purpose of long-term operation, a spare reactor is also required to switch the operation when replacing the failed catalyst. The investment is large, the floor space is large, the system is complex, and the operation is difficult. Utility Model Content

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0007] Provided is a gas desulfurization and dechlorination integrated reactor, which comprises: a reactor body, an inlet pipe, a gas distributor, an inlet gas collecting chamber, a filter screen, an inert protection porcelain ball layer, a support grid, a primary desulfurization catalytic bed, a secondary desulfurization catalytic bed, a dechlorination catalytic bed, a discharge port, a filling channel, a manhole, an outlet gas collecting chamber, and a gas outlet pipe.

[0008] The inlet gas collecting chamber and the outlet gas collecting chamber are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the reactor body, the inlet pipe arranged on the reactor body is connected with the gas distributor in the inlet gas collecting chamber, and the gas outlet pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the reactor body and is connected with the outlet gas collecting chamber.

[0009] The primary desulfurization catalytic bed, the secondary desulfurization catalytic bed and the dechlorination catalytic bed are loaded in the reactor body, and the secondary desulfurization catalytic bed is located downstream of the primary desulfurization catalytic bed. The inert protection porcelain ball layer and the filter screen are sequentially arranged above each catalytic bed from top to bottom, and the inert protection porcelain ball layer, the filter screen and the support grid are sequentially arranged below each catalytic bed from top to bottom to form a primary desulfurization catalytic mechanism, a secondary desulfurization catalytic mechanism and a dechlorination catalytic mechanism, respectively, and the inert protection porcelain ball layer is also arranged in the outlet gas collecting chamber.

[0010] A manhole connected to the topmost catalytic mechanism is provided at the top of the reactor body, a loading channel is provided between two adjacent catalytic mechanisms, and a manhole is provided at the end or outside of each loading channel for operators to enter and exit and load catalysts, and a discharge port is connected to the bottom of each catalytic mechanism for unloading the catalyst of this layer after deactivation.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reactor body is disposed on a support seat.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, a sampling port is provided on the gas outlet pipe.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pressure gauge is connected to the gas outlet pipe and each loading channel.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, according to the gas flow direction, the dechlorination catalytic bed is arranged upstream of the primary desulfurization catalytic bed, downstream of the secondary desulfurization catalytic bed, or between the primary desulfurization catalytic bed and the secondary desulfurization catalytic bed.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a thermocouple or a thermometer is provided in each catalytic bed.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the ceramic balls in the inert ceramic ball layer is 5-50 mm.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filter screen is made of 316 stainless steel screen, and the supporting grid is a 316 or 316L stainless steel structure.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the manhole connected to the most upstream catalytic mechanism and the inlet pipe are an integrated structure.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the manhole connected to the most upstream catalytic mechanism is separately arranged from the inlet pipe.

[0020] The utility model has the beneficial effects of loading desulfurization and dechlorination catalysts in a reactor to realize desulfurization and dechlorination reactions in one reactor, and each catalyst can be loaded and unloaded separately, thereby improving purification efficiency and quality, with high integration, strong flexibility, low investment, small footprint and simple operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a gas desulfurization and dechlorination integrated reactor of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is another structural schematic diagram of a gas desulfurization and dechlorination integrated reactor of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] See also Figure 1-2 , the utility model embodiment includes:

[0026] A gas desulfurization and dechlorination integrated reactor is used for desulfurization and dechlorination of fuel gas, and its structure includes a support base 1, a reactor body 2, an inlet pipe 3, a gas distributor 4, an inlet gas collecting chamber 5, a filter screen 6, an inert protection porcelain ball layer 7, a support grid 8, a primary desulfurization catalytic bed 9, a secondary desulfurization catalytic bed 10, a dechlorination catalytic bed 11, a discharge port 12, a filling channel 13, a manhole 14, an outlet gas collecting chamber 15, and a gas outlet pipe 16.

[0027] The reactor body is arranged on the support seat, the inlet gas collecting chamber is arranged at the upper end of the reactor body, and the outlet gas collecting chamber is arranged at the lower end of the reactor body. The inlet pipe is connected with the reactor body or the inlet gas collecting chamber to input the fuel gas to be treated into the reactor body, and the gas distributor connected with the inlet pipe is arranged in the inlet gas collecting chamber to make the gas entering the reactor body evenly distributed. The gas outlet pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the reactor body and is connected with the outlet gas collecting chamber.

[0028] Further preferably, a sampling port 17 is provided on the gas outlet pipe to sample and analyze the gas, thereby monitoring the sulfur and chlorine contents in the outlet gas.

[0029] Further preferably, the gas outlet pipe is connected with a pressure gauge 18 for monitoring the gas outlet pressure. When the pressure reaches a set value, the catalyst needs to be replaced.

[0030] The primary desulfurization catalyst bed, the secondary desulfurization catalyst bed and the dechlorination catalyst bed are loaded in the reactor body, and the secondary desulfurization catalyst bed is located downstream of the primary desulfurization catalyst bed. The primary desulfurization catalyst is used to remove organic sulfur and part of H2S in the gas; the secondary desulfurization catalyst is used to remove the remaining S; the dechlorination catalyst is used to remove HCL, chloride ions, etc. in the gas.

[0031] Further preferably, according to the gas flow direction, the dechlorination catalyst bed can be arranged upstream of the primary desulfurization catalyst bed, or downstream of the secondary desulfurization catalyst bed, or between the primary desulfurization catalyst bed and the secondary desulfurization catalyst bed, that is, the dechlorination catalyst bed is loaded upstream, the primary desulfurization catalyst bed is loaded in the middle, and the secondary desulfurization catalyst bed is loaded downstream. Alternatively, the primary desulfurization catalyst bed is loaded upstream, the dechlorination catalyst bed is loaded in the middle, and the secondary desulfurization catalyst bed is loaded downstream. Alternatively, the primary desulfurization catalyst bed is loaded upstream, the secondary desulfurization catalyst bed is loaded in the middle, and the dechlorination catalyst bed is loaded downstream.

[0032] The inert protection ceramic ball layer and the filter screen are arranged in sequence from top to bottom above each catalytic bed layer, and the inert protection ceramic ball layer, the filter screen and the support grid are arranged in sequence from top to bottom below each catalytic bed layer, so as to form three catalytic mechanisms (for example: primary desulfurization catalytic mechanism, secondary desulfurization catalytic mechanism, dechlorination catalytic mechanism) in combination with the three catalytic beds respectively, and the inert protection ceramic ball layer is also arranged in the outlet gas collecting chamber.

[0033] The structural strength and rigidity of the support grid are sufficient to support the weight of the catalytic bed and the ceramic balls, and can resist the impact of the gas flow to improve the stability of the bed. The filter mesh laid above the catalytic bed and on the upper surface of the support grid can not only distribute the gas, filter the small particles of catalyst carried in the gas, or filter the impurities entering the bed, but also prevent the bed from falling and support the bed.

[0034] The inert protective ceramic ball layer can be used to support and cover the catalyst bed in the reactor. The upper and lower filling of the ceramic balls prevents the liquid and gas from directly rushing / blowing towards the catalyst, so as to buffer the impact of the liquid and gas entering the reactor on the catalyst, protect the catalyst, and improve the distribution of liquid and gas in the reactor, making the gas or liquid distribution more uniform, further promoting the liquid and gas to more fully react chemically with the catalyst, and improving the quality and effect of purification.

[0035] Further preferably, the material of the support grid should generally be 316 or 316L stainless steel, or other suitable materials.

[0036] Further preferably, the diameter of the ceramic balls in the inert ceramic ball layer is 5-50 mm.

[0037] Further preferably, the filter screen is made of 316 stainless steel screen or screen made of other applicable materials.

[0038] Further preferably, a thermocouple or thermometer 19 is provided in each catalytic bed layer to monitor the temperature of each gas section.

[0039] The top catalytic mechanism is connected to the air intake plenum, and a loading channel is provided above each of the two catalytic mechanisms below, that is, a loading channel is provided between two adjacent catalytic mechanisms, and a manhole is provided at the end or outside of each loading channel for operators to enter and exit and load catalysts. The bottoms of the primary desulfurization catalytic mechanism, the secondary desulfurization catalytic mechanism and the dechlorination catalytic mechanism are each connected to a discharge port for unloading the catalyst of this layer after deactivation.

[0040] Since the loading amount of each section of catalyst is determined by calculation based on the content of harmful substances and other impurities in the treated gas, and since the performance, main components, additive components, shape, size and manufacturing process of different catalysts are different, the service life of the three catalysts loaded is not consistent. Therefore, by setting independent manholes for loading and checking catalysts in each catalyst section, and setting independent discharge ports for each, real-time adjustment can be made according to actual production needs.

[0041] Further preferably, when the amount of fuel gas to be processed is relatively small or the equipment size is not large, the manhole on the equipment for loading catalyst and for operators to enter and exit during inspection is integrated with the fuel gas inlet pipe, that is, the inlet pipe and the manhole are combined into one structure.

[0042] Further preferably, when the amount of fuel gas to be processed is relatively large or the size of the equipment is relatively large, the manhole provided on the equipment for loading the catalyst and for the operator to enter and exit during inspection is separately provided from the fuel gas inlet pipe.

[0043] Working principle:

[0044] The fuel gas that needs to be purified enters the reactor body from the outside of the device through the inlet pipe and the gas distributor, and enters each catalyst bed layer through the inert protection porcelain ball layer loaded on the upper part layer by layer, and reacts with the catalyst. Finally, the purified gas is collected by the gas collecting chamber and discharged from the device through the gas outlet pipe. Among them, the fuel gas that needs to be purified can enter from the upper part of the device shell, or from the lower part of the device shell.

[0045] In actual use, when the temperature of the fuel gas entering the reactor is between room temperature and 190°C, the sulfur content is ≤200PPMV, and the chlorine content is ≤50PPMV, after desulfurization treatment through the primary desulfurization catalytic bed and the secondary desulfurization catalytic bed, the sulfur content of the desulfurized gas is reduced to 0.1PPMV~5PPMV, and after dechlorination through the dechlorination catalytic bed, the chlorine content of the gas is reduced to 0.1PPMV~1.0PPMV.

[0046] The utility model has the beneficial effects of a gas desulfurization and dechlorination integrated reactor: desulfurization and dechlorination catalysts are loaded in the reactor to realize desulfurization and dechlorination reactions in one reactor, and each catalyst can be loaded and unloaded separately, thereby improving purification efficiency and quality, with high integration, strong flexibility, small investment, small footprint and simple operation.

[0047] The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention specification, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas desulfurization and dechlorination integrated reactor, characterized in that: include: Reactor body, inlet pipe, gas distributor, inlet gas collecting chamber, filter screen, inert protection porcelain ball layer, support grid, primary desulfurization catalytic bed, secondary desulfurization catalytic bed, dechlorination catalytic bed, discharge port, filling channel, manhole, outlet gas collecting chamber, gas outlet pipe, The inlet gas collecting chamber and the outlet gas collecting chamber are respectively arranged at the upper and lower ends of the reactor body, the inlet pipe arranged on the reactor body is connected to the gas distributor in the inlet gas collecting chamber, and the gas outlet pipe is arranged at the bottom end of the reactor body and is connected to the outlet gas collecting chamber. The primary desulfurization catalytic bed, the secondary desulfurization catalytic bed and the dechlorination catalytic bed are loaded in the reactor body, and the secondary desulfurization catalytic bed is located downstream of the primary desulfurization catalytic bed. The inert protection porcelain ball layer and the filter screen are sequentially arranged above each catalytic bed from top to bottom, and the inert protection porcelain ball layer, the filter screen and the support grid are sequentially arranged below each catalytic bed from top to bottom to form a primary desulfurization catalytic mechanism, a secondary desulfurization catalytic mechanism and a dechlorination catalytic mechanism, respectively, and the inert protection porcelain ball layer is also arranged in the outlet gas collecting chamber. A manhole connected to the topmost catalytic mechanism is provided at the top of the reactor body, a loading channel is provided between two adjacent catalytic mechanisms, and a manhole is provided at the end or outside of each loading channel for operators to enter and exit and load catalysts, and a discharge port is connected to the bottom of each catalytic mechanism for unloading the catalyst of this layer after deactivation.

2. The integrated gas desulfurization and dechlorination reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor body is arranged on a supporting seat.

3. The integrated gas desulfurization and dechlorination reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas outlet pipe is provided with a sampling port.

4. The integrated gas desulfurization and dechlorination reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas outlet pipe and each loading channel are connected with a pressure gauge.

5. The integrated gas desulfurization and dechlorination reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the gas flow direction, the dechlorination catalytic bed is arranged upstream of the primary desulfurization catalytic bed, downstream of the secondary desulfurization catalytic bed, or between the primary desulfurization catalytic bed and the secondary desulfurization catalytic bed.

6. The integrated gas desulfurization and dechlorination reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A thermocouple or thermometer is provided in each catalytic bed.

7. The integrated gas desulfurization and dechlorination reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the porcelain balls in the inert protection porcelain ball layer is 5-50 mm.

8. The integrated gas desulfurization and dechlorination reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter screen is made of 316 stainless steel screen, and the supporting grid is made of 316 or 316L stainless steel structure.

9. The integrated gas desulfurization and dechlorination reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manhole connected to the most upstream catalytic mechanism and the inlet pipe are of an integrated structure.

10. The integrated gas desulfurization and dechlorination reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manhole connected to the most upstream catalytic mechanism is separately arranged from the inlet pipe.

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