An extruder

Abstract

The utility model provides an extruder, comprising: an extrusion barrel, which is provided with a plurality of extrusion holes; an extrusion rod seat, which is provided with extrusion rods corresponding to the number of the extrusion holes, and the extrusion rods are movably connected to the inside of the extrusion holes in a one-to-one correspondence; and a mold assembly, which is provided with a number of feed ports corresponding to the extrusion holes, and the feed ports are connected to the extrusion holes in a one-to-one correspondence; a fusion shaping cavity and a lead-out cavity are also provided inside the mold assembly; and along the extrusion direction of the material in the mold assembly, the ratio of the length of the fusion shaping cavity to the length of the lead-out cavity is 1:2-2:3; the fusion shaping cavity is projected orthographically onto a plane to form a first figure; the lead-out cavity is projected orthographically onto the plane to form a second figure; the first figure is covered by the second figure and is located in the middle of the second figure, and the ratio of the width of the outer contour of the first figure to the width of the outer contour of the second figure is 1:3-1:2; the utility model can realize the extrusion of wide and flat profiles with wider cross-sections and uniform texture.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of profile extrusion, in particular to an extruder. Background Art

[0002] An extruder is a device for producing light alloy (aluminum alloy, copper alloy and magnesium alloy) tubes, rods and other profiles. It mainly uses an extrusion rod to extrude the light alloy at a higher temperature in the extrusion barrel into a forming die, and extrude it after forming.

[0003] The existing process of extruding wide flat profiles using the above-mentioned extruder is: a single light alloy such as an aluminum ingot is extruded into a wide flat cavity. The disadvantage of this process is that the diffusion ratio of the cross-sectional width dimension of the wide flat profile is 1.3-1.4, and a wide flat profile with a wider cross-section cannot be obtained; and the round light alloy is extruded to make it flat, and the extrusion ratio of this process is large, and the extrusion force required is large. If a wide flat profile with a wider cross-section is desired, the tonnage of the extruder is required to be larger and the energy consumption is higher. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome at least one defect of the prior art described above, the utility model provides an extruder, which can extrude wide and flat profiles with wider cross-sections without requiring a large extrusion force and having low requirements on the tonnage of the extruder.

[0005] The solution adopted by the utility model to solve its technical problems is:

[0006] An extruder is proposed, comprising: an extrusion barrel, on which a plurality of extrusion holes are arranged; an extrusion rod seat, on which a number of extrusion rods corresponding to the extrusion holes are arranged, and the extrusion rods are movably connected to the inside of the extrusion holes in a one-to-one correspondence; and a mold assembly, on which a number of feed ports corresponding to the extrusion holes are arranged, and the feed ports are connected to the extrusion holes in a one-to-one correspondence; the mold assembly is also provided with a fusion shaping cavity connected to each of the feed ports and a lead-out cavity connected to the fusion shaping cavity; and along the extrusion direction of the material in the mold assembly, the ratio of the length of the fusion shaping cavity to the length of the lead-out cavity is 1:2-2:3; the fusion shaping cavity is orthographically projected onto a plane to form a first figure; the lead-out cavity is orthographically projected onto the plane to form a second figure; the first figure is covered by the second figure and is located in the middle of the second figure, and the ratio of the width of the outer contour of the first figure to the width of the outer contour of the second figure is 1:3-1:2; wherein the plane is perpendicular to the extrusion direction.

[0007] Preferably, the feed ports are arranged side by side, and a guide cone is provided inside the fusion molding cavity and between two adjacent feed ports; and along the extrusion direction, the ratio of the length of the guide cone to the length of the fusion molding cavity is 1:4-1:2.

[0008] Preferably, the width of the guide cone portion gradually narrows from the position where it is connected to the feed port and along the longitudinal section line direction of the mold assembly.

[0009] Preferably, all the feed ports are projected onto the plane to form a third figure, in which the ratio of the length of the outer contour of the feed port to the distance between two adjacent feed ports is 15:6-15:4.

[0010] Preferably, the extrusion cylinder is projected onto the plane to form a fourth figure, in which the diameter of the extrusion hole is equal to the length of the outer contour of the feed port in the third figure.

[0011] Preferably, a heating element is provided in the extrusion barrel, and the heating element is configured to heat the material inside the extrusion hole.

[0012] Preferably, a first boss is provided on a side of the extrusion cylinder facing the mold assembly, a second boss is correspondingly provided on the mold assembly, the feed port is provided on the second boss, and the first boss is butted against the second boss.

[0013] Preferably, the extruder further includes a movable beam, a front beam and a locking cylinder; the mold assembly is arranged on the front beam, and the front beam is provided with a discharge port connected to the lead-out cavity; the piston rod of the locking cylinder is connected to the extrusion barrel to drive the extrusion barrel and connect the extrusion barrel to the mold assembly; the movable beam is movably arranged to approach or move away from the front beam, and the extrusion rod seat is arranged on the movable beam.

[0014] Preferably, the mold assembly includes a pressure pad, a mold pad and a mold which are sequentially connected, the mold is provided with the fusion molding cavity inside, the mold pad and the pressure pad together form the lead-out cavity, and the pressure pad is provided on the front beam.

[0015] Preferably, the extruder further comprises a main cylinder and a side cylinder, and the piston rods of the main cylinder and the side cylinder are both connected to the moving beam.

[0016] The utility model proposes an extruder, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0017] The extrusion barrel is provided with a plurality of extrusion holes, the extrusion rod seat is provided with extrusion rods corresponding to the number of the extrusion holes, the extrusion rods are movably connected to the inside of the extrusion holes one by one, the mold assembly is provided with a number of feed ports corresponding to the number of the extrusion holes, the feed ports are connected to the extrusion holes one by one, materials such as aluminum alloy, copper alloy and magnesium alloy are placed inside the extrusion holes, the extrusion rods move inside the extrusion holes and push the materials to the feed ports of the mold assembly, and the mold assembly is further provided with a fusion shaping cavity connected to each feed port and an extraction cavity connected to the fusion cavity. Under the continuous push of the extrusion rods, the materials are gathered in the fusion shaping cavity through the feed ports, and are extruded, drained, fused and shaped, and then extracted in the extraction cavity. The new type of extruder using the same tonnage can extrude wider profiles; and when observed along the longitudinal section line of the mold assembly, the ratio of the length of the fusion molding cavity to the length of the lead-out cavity is 1:2-2:3; the fusion molding cavity is projected onto a plane to form a first figure, and the lead-out cavity is projected onto the plane to form a second figure, the first figure is covered by the second figure and is located in the middle of the second figure, and the ratio of the width of the outer contour of the first figure to the width of the outer contour of the second figure is 1:3-1:2, wherein the plane is perpendicular to the extrusion direction of the material in the mold assembly, whereby the material passes through multiple feed ports and is pushed into the fusion molding cavity, and is formed into an integrated and continuous wide and flat profile with consistent width, and the mechanical properties of the profile are consistent, which can meet the subsequent allowable stress requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an extruder according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of another perspective of the extruder shown in ;

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a die, an extrusion barrel and an extrusion rod in an extruder shown in ;

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the die, extrusion barrel and extrusion rod of the extruder shown in ;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of the mold shown in ;

[0023] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another perspective of the mold shown in ;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the relationship between the first figure and the second figure;

[0025] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the third figure;

[0026] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a fourth figure;

[0027] The meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0028] 1. Extrusion barrel; 2. Extrusion hole; 3. Extrusion rod seat; 4. Extrusion rod; 5. Mold assembly; 6. Feed inlet; 7. Fusion molding cavity; 8. Lead-out cavity; 9. Plane; 10. Longitudinal section line; 11. Guide cone; 12. First boss; 13. Second boss; 14. Moving beam; 15. Front beam; 16. Locking cylinder; 17. Discharge port; 18. Pressure pad; 19. Main cylinder; 20. Side cylinder; 21. Mold; 22. Mold pad; A. First figure; B. Second figure; C. Third figure; D. Fourth figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] For better understanding and implementation, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1-Figure 9As shown in the figure, the embodiment of the utility model proposes an extruder, comprising: an extrusion barrel 1, on which a plurality of extrusion holes 2 are arranged; an extrusion rod seat 3, on which a number of extrusion rods 4 corresponding to the number of the extrusion holes 2 are arranged, and the extrusion rods 4 are movably connected to the inside of the extrusion holes 2 in a one-to-one correspondence; and a mold assembly 5, on which a number of feed ports 6 corresponding to the number of the extrusion holes 2 are arranged, and the feed ports 6 are connected to the extrusion holes 2 in a one-to-one correspondence; the mold assembly 5 is also provided with a fusion molding cavity 7 connected to each feed port 6 and an outlet cavity 8 connected to the fusion molding cavity 7; and, along the mold Observing from the extrusion direction of the material in the mold assembly 5, that is, the longitudinal section line 10 of the mold assembly 5, the ratio of the length a of the fusion molding cavity 7 to the length b of the lead-out cavity 8 is 1:2-2:3; the fusion molding cavity 7 is projected onto a plane 9 to form a first figure A; the lead-out cavity 8 is projected onto the plane 9 to form a second figure B; the first figure A is covered by the second figure B and is located in the middle of the second figure B, and the ratio of the width of the outer contour of the first figure A to the width of the outer contour of the second figure B is 1:3-1:2; wherein, the plane 9 is perpendicular to the extrusion direction, that is, the longitudinal section line 10 of the mold 5.

[0033] Based on the above technical scheme, a plurality of extrusion holes 2 are provided on the extrusion barrel 1, and a number of extrusion rods 4 corresponding to the number of the extrusion holes 2 are provided on the extrusion rod seat 3, and the extrusion rods 4 are movably connected to the inside of the extrusion holes 2 one by one, and a number of feed ports 6 corresponding to the number of the extrusion holes 2 are provided on the mold assembly 5, and the feed ports 6 are connected to the extrusion holes 2 one by one. Materials such as aluminum alloy, copper alloy and magnesium alloy are placed inside the extrusion holes 2, and the extrusion rods 4 move inside the extrusion holes 2 to push the materials toward the feed ports 6 of the mold assembly 5, and the mold assembly 5 is also provided with a fusion molding cavity 7 connected to each of the feed ports 6 and an outlet cavity 8 connected to the fusion molding cavity 7. Under the continuous push of the extrusion rods 4, the materials are gathered in the fusion molding cavity 7 through the feed ports 6, and are extruded, drained, fused and shaped, and then are led out in the outlet cavity 8. The utility model can realize the use of an extruder with the same tonnage and extrude wider profiles.

[0034] Moreover, observing along the extrusion direction - the longitudinal section line 10 of the mold assembly 5, the ratio of the length a of the fusion molding cavity 7 to the length b of the lead-out cavity 8 is 1:2-2:3; the fusion molding cavity 7 is projected onto the plane 9 to form a first figure A, and the lead-out cavity 8 is projected onto the plane 9 to form a second figure B, the first figure A is covered by the second figure B and is located in the middle of the second figure B, and the ratio of the width of the outer contour of the first figure A to the width of the outer contour of the second figure B is 1:3-1:2.

[0035] Here, the material passes through multiple feed ports 6 and is pushed into the fusion molding cavity 7, and is molded into a continuous wide and flat profile with uniform width. The material of the profile is uniform, and the mechanical properties of the profile are consistent, which can meet the subsequent allowable stress requirements. The profile is led out in the lead-out cavity 8, which can perfectly maintain the mechanical properties of the profile and ensure that the profile is not bent by external forces when it is led out.

[0036] The material is extruded from the extrusion hole 2, converges through the feed port 6 and is fused inside the fusion molding cavity 7. The material will expand outward during molding, and the width of the profile after molding is large. The extrusion barrel 1 of the extruder is provided with multiple extrusion holes 2. Considering that the material in the subsequent process will expand during molding, the inner diameter of the extrusion hole 2 can be set smaller, so that when using an extruder of the same tonnage for extrusion, the materials in these extrusion holes 2 can be extruded at the same time. In this way, the extruder does not need a large extrusion force to obtain a wider profile without increasing energy consumption.

[0037] In the existing wide and flat profile forming process, a material such as an aluminum ingot is extruded and formed, and the diffusion ratio of the cross-section after forming is 1.3 to 1.4 times that before forming. The extruder is provided with a plurality of extrusion holes 2, which can extrude materials such as aluminum ingots at the same time. The extruded materials can be gathered and fused inside the fusion and molding cavity 7. The materials extruded from each extrusion hole 2, after being fused and molded in the fusion and molding cavity 7, have a diffusion ratio of 1.3 to 1.4 times that before molding. The total width H of the profile obtained after molding is 1.3 to 1.4 times the width of the original N materials, that is, H = N*R*X, wherein R is the diameter of the material, X = 1.3 to 1.4, and N is the number of materials, which can also be understood as the number of extrusion holes 2. Here, according to the number of extrusion holes 2 set, wide and flat profiles of different widths can be obtained, and wider wide and flat profiles can be obtained.

[0038] The feed ports 6 of the mold assembly 5 are arranged side by side, and the materials enter the fusion molding cavity 7 from these feed ports 6 accordingly, and need to converge, fuse, and contact. Considering that the material is metal and has strong rigidity, a guide cone 11 is arranged inside the fusion molding cavity 7 and between two adjacent feed ports 6. Under the advancement of the extrusion rod 4, the material can move along the guide cone 11, and in order to facilitate the contact between the materials, it is necessary to control the length of the guide cone 11 and ensure that the materials can be perfectly fused. Observed along the extrusion direction - the longitudinal section 10 of the mold assembly 5, the ratio of the length c of the guide cone 11 to the length a of the fusion molding cavity 7 is 1:4-1:2. After the material is guided by the guide cone 11, it can be well contacted, and sufficient length is left inside the fusion molding cavity 7 for mutual fusion to ensure the fusion quality.

[0039] Furthermore, the width of the guide cone 11 gradually narrows from the position where it is connected to the feed port 6 and along the longitudinal section line 10 of the mold assembly 5. While the material moves along the guide cone 11, it can be deformed accordingly and slowly. At the tail end of the guide cone 11, the two adjacent materials can be in good contact and thus fused into a whole, which can ensure the quality of the fused profile, and ensure uniform texture and good mechanical properties.

[0040] Similarly, in order to facilitate the fusion of two adjacent materials and ensure that the texture of the fused profile is uniform and the mechanical properties are good, there are requirements for the distance between two adjacent feed ports 6 and the size of the feed ports 6; all feed ports 6 can be projected onto the plane 9 to form a third figure C. In the third figure C, the ratio of the length d of the outer contour of the feed port 6 to the distance e between the two adjacent feed ports 6 is 15:6-15:4, and the distance between the two adjacent materials entering the fusion molding cavity 7 is moderate. They contact each other under the guidance of the guide cone 11, and the cross-sectional size of the materials is moderate, so they can be well deformed and fused to each other, and the fusion quality is good.

[0041] In addition, the extrusion cylinder 1 is orthographically projected onto the plane 9 to form a fourth figure D. In the fourth figure D, the contour of the extrusion hole 2 is circular, and the diameter f of the extrusion hole 2 is equal to the length d of the outer contour of the feed port 6 in the third figure C.

[0042] A heating element is disposed inside the extrusion barrel 1 , and the heating element is configured to heat the material inside the extrusion hole 2 so as to extrude the material and fuse the material inside the fusion cavity 7 .

[0043] Generally, the extrusion barrel 1 is docked with the mold assembly 5 and the mold is closed. After the mold is closed, the material can be extruded and enter the mold 5 through the feed port 6 for fusion. Whether the extrusion barrel 1 is well docked with the mold assembly 5 will directly affect the quality of the profile. In order to facilitate the observation of whether the extrusion barrel 1 and the mold assembly 5 are well docked, a first boss 12 is provided on the side of the extrusion barrel 1 facing the mold assembly 5, and a second boss 13 is correspondingly provided on the mold assembly 5. The feed port 6 is provided on the second boss 13, and the first boss 12 is docked with the second boss 13. By observing whether the first boss 12 and the second boss 13 are well docked, it can be judged whether the extrusion barrel 1 and the mold 5 are well docked. Moreover, the first boss 12 or the second boss 13 protrudes from the plane where it is located. The staff or related instruments can observe it quickly and directly, and can make adjustments quickly to ensure the quality of the subsequent profile.

[0044] The extruder also includes a movable beam 14, a front beam 15 and a locking cylinder 16. The mold 5 is arranged on the front beam 15, and the front beam 15 is provided with a discharge port 17 connected to the lead-out cavity 8. The piston rod of the locking cylinder 16 is connected to the extrusion cylinder 1 to drive the extrusion cylinder 1 and connect the extrusion cylinder 1 to the mold assembly 5; the movable beam 14 is movably arranged to approach or move away from the front beam 15, and the extrusion rod seat 3 is arranged on the movable beam 14; specifically, the mold assembly 5 includes a pressure pad 18, a die pad 22 and a mold 21 which are spliced ​​in sequence, a fusion molding cavity 7 is arranged inside the mold 21, and the die pad 22 and the pressure pad 18 together form the lead-out cavity 8, and the pressure pad 18 is arranged on the front beam 15; the extruder also includes a main cylinder 19 and a side cylinder 20, and the piston rods of the main cylinder 19 and the side cylinder 20 are both connected to the movable beam 14.

[0045] The locking cylinder 16 presses the extrusion barrel 1 onto the mold 22, and the main cylinder 19 and the side cylinder 20 work together to drive the extrusion rod seat 3 through the movable beam 14, and the extrusion rod 4 on the extrusion rod seat 3 presses the material in the extrusion hole 2, such as an aluminum ingot, into the feed port 6 of the mold 22, so that the material enters the fusion and molding cavity 7 to be fused and molded into a continuous wide and flat profile with uniform width. The material of the profile is uniform and the mechanical properties of the profile are consistent.

[0046] The technical means disclosed in the solution of the utility model are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above-mentioned implementation mode, but also include technical solutions composed of any combination of the above technical features. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the utility model, and these improvements and modifications are also regarded as the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An extruder, characterized in that: include: An extrusion barrel having a plurality of extrusion holes; An extrusion rod seat, on which a number of extrusion rods corresponding to the extrusion holes are arranged, and the extrusion rods are movably connected to the inside of the extrusion holes in a one-to-one correspondence; and A mold assembly, on which a number of feed ports corresponding to the extrusion holes are provided, and the feed ports are connected to the extrusion holes one by one; The mold assembly is further provided with a fusion molding cavity connected to each of the feed ports and an outlet cavity connected to the fusion molding cavity; Furthermore, along the extrusion direction of the material in the mold assembly, the ratio of the length of the fusion molding cavity to the length of the lead-out cavity is 1:2-2:3; The fusion molding cavity is projected onto a plane to form a first figure; The extraction cavity orthographically projects the plane to form a second figure; The first graphic is covered by the second graphic and is located in the middle of the second graphic, and the ratio of the width of the outer contour of the first graphic to the width of the outer contour of the second graphic is 1:3-1:2; Wherein, the plane is perpendicular to the extrusion direction.

2. The extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that The feed ports are arranged side by side, and a guide cone is arranged inside the fusion molding cavity and between two adjacent feed ports; And along the extrusion direction, the ratio of the length of the guide cone to the length of the fusion molding cavity is 1:4-1:

2.

3. The extruder according to claim 2, characterized in that The width of the guide cone gradually narrows from the position where it is connected to the feed port and along the longitudinal section line direction of the mold assembly.

4. The extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that All the feed ports are projected onto the plane to form a third figure, in which the ratio of the length of the outer contour of the feed port to the distance between two adjacent feed ports is 15:6-15:

4.

5. The extruder according to claim 4, characterized in that The extrusion cylinder is projected onto the plane to form a fourth figure, in which the diameter of the extrusion hole is equal to the length of the outer contour of the feed port in the third figure.

6. The extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that A heating element is disposed in the extrusion barrel, and the heating element is configured to heat the material inside the extrusion hole.

7. The extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that A first boss is arranged on the side of the extrusion cylinder facing the mold, and a second boss is correspondingly arranged on the mold assembly. The feed port is arranged on the second boss, and the first boss is butted against the second boss.

8. The extruder according to claim 1, characterized in that The extruder also includes a moving beam, a front beam and a locking cylinder; The mold assembly is arranged on the front beam, and the front beam is provided with a discharge port communicating with the lead-out cavity; The piston rod of the locking cylinder is connected to the extrusion cylinder to drive the extrusion cylinder and connect the extrusion cylinder to the mold assembly; The movable beam is movably arranged to be close to or away from the front beam, and the extrusion rod seat is arranged on the movable beam.

9. The extruder according to claim 8, characterized in that The mold assembly includes a pressure pad, a mold pad and a mold which are sequentially connected. The fusion molding cavity is arranged inside the mold. The mold pad and the pressure pad together form the lead-out cavity, and the pressure pad is arranged on the front beam.

10. The extruder according to claim 8, characterized in that The extruder further comprises a main cylinder and a side cylinder, and the piston rods of the main cylinder and the side cylinder are both connected to the moving beam.

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