A kind of energy-releasing perforating device for oil and gas wells

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of oil and gas well perforation, and specifically is a kind of energy-releasing perforating device for oil and gas well, comprising: a perforating gun, the outer surface of which is provided with a plurality of first blind holes and second blind holes arranged in a spiral manner, the outer surface of which is provided with a plurality of energy-releasing cartridges, and the plurality of energy-releasing cartridges are evenly arranged. The utility model assembles an energy-releasing cartridge on the outer surface of the perforating gun, and uses the high-speed jet of the perforating bullet for ignition, so that the solid energetic material in the energy-releasing cartridge forms plasma under the high-speed impact of the jet and enters the perforating hole, thereby improving the jet penetration effect, effectively increasing the perforating depth, and the energy-releasing cartridge burns and releases a large amount of high-energy gas, so that the wellbore pressure is loaded at a high speed, and the hole is hammered to form a plurality of cracks, and the liquid is lifted to form a negative pressure effect, so that the pestle blockage and pollutants in the hole flow into the wellbore, which is convenient for removing the compaction zone and perforation pollution, and increasing the effective area of ​​oil and gas circulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of oil and gas well perforation, in particular to an efficiency-enhancing energy-releasing perforation device for oil and gas wells. Background Art

[0002] In the process of oil and gas well development, fire and explosives assisted oil and gas well perforation and completion is a technology with obvious production increase effect. Through the organic combination of fire and explosives and perforation, composite perforation technology has been formed. After more than ten years of research, promotion and improvement, various forms of composite perforation technology have emerged and have seen obvious effects in oil field applications. It has now become the dominant technology for oil field perforation and completion.

[0003] However, there are many old wells in the current domestic oil field development. Due to the long development cycle, the oil field production has seriously decreased due to channel pollution or blockage. In addition, with the long-term development of oil and gas development, there is little oil and gas left in the shallow and middle layers. Therefore, in order to improve the oil and gas recovery rate, it is gradually developing towards deep and ultra-deep layers. However, due to the increase in reservoir burial depth, the formation is dense and has low porosity and low permeability, the use of traditional perforation technology will form compaction zones and perforation plugging, resulting in poor oil and gas production and recovery after perforation, and unable to achieve the expected effect. For this reason, we propose an energy-enhancing perforating device for oil and gas wells. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide an enhanced energy-releasing perforating device for oil and gas wells, which can remove compaction zone and perforation pollution and increase the effective area of ​​oil and gas circulation.

[0005] To this end, the technical solution adopted in this utility model is:

[0006] An enhanced energy release perforating device for oil and gas wells, comprising:

[0007] A perforating gun, wherein a plurality of first blind holes and second blind holes arranged in a spiral pattern are formed on the outer surface of the perforating gun, and a plurality of energy-releasing cartridges are mounted on the outer surface of the perforating gun, and the plurality of energy-releasing cartridges are evenly arranged;

[0008] A heat-insulating support ring, which is installed at both ends of the energy-releasing cartridge, and a metal screw sleeve is threadedly connected to the heat-insulating support ring and fixed by the metal screw sleeve;

[0009] A centralizing joint is threadedly connected to both ends of the perforating gun.

[0010] Based on the above technical solution, its use principle and the technical effects produced are as follows:

[0011] When perforating operations are required, the perforating bullet is ignited by the detonating cord. Under the action of the high-speed jet of the perforating bullet, the solid energetic material in the energy-releasing cartridge forms plasma under the high-speed impact of the jet and enters the perforating hole, thereby improving the jet penetration effect and effectively increasing the perforating depth. The energy-releasing cartridge burns and releases a large amount of high-energy gas, which causes the wellbore pressure to be loaded at a high speed, and hammers the hole to form multiple cracks, lifting the liquid to form a negative pressure effect, so that the pestle blockage and contaminants in the hole flow into the wellbore, removing the compaction zone and perforation pollution, increasing the effective area of ​​oil and gas circulation, and improving production. At the same time, the reliability and safety of the system are also improved by coating the surface of the energy-releasing cartridge with a heat-resistant and flame-retardant coating and adopting a structural design of a straightening joint and a heat-insulating support ring.

[0012] In a preferred example, the utility model can be further configured as follows: the diameter of the first blind hole is set to 22mm-32mm, the diameter of the second blind hole is set to 10mm-18mm, and the depths of the first blind hole and the second blind hole are both greater than 2mm.

[0013] In a preferred example, the utility model can be further configured as follows: the perforating gun is set as a metal tubular structure, a bomb rack is installed inside the perforating gun, a plurality of perforating bullets are spirally installed on the bomb rack, and the jet direction is facing the first blind hole.

[0014] In a preferred example, the utility model can be further configured as follows: the energy-releasing cartridge is arranged as a cylindrical tubular structure with a diameter of 50mm-200mm and a wall thickness of 4mm-10mm. The energy-releasing cartridge is made of a combustible solid energetic material, the components of which are ammonium perchlorate, nano-aluminum powder and a curing agent, and the inner and outer surfaces of the energy-releasing cartridge are coated with a coating.

[0015] In a preferred example, the present invention can be further configured as follows: the coating is made of high temperature resistant and flame retardant material, and the thickness of the coating is 0.1mm-1mm.

[0016] In a preferred example, the utility model can be further configured as follows: there are two straightening joints, both ends of the two straightening joints are provided with external threads, and both ends of the perforating gun are provided with internal threads and sealing surfaces that are compatible with the straightening joints.

[0017] In a preferred example, the utility model can be further configured as follows: a sealing groove is provided on the side wall of the centralizing joint, a sealing ring is installed in the sealing groove, and a plurality of guide grooves are axially provided on the outer surface of the centralizing joint.

[0018] In a preferred example, the utility model can be further configured as follows: the number of the guide grooves is four, the four guide grooves are arranged in a ring shape as a whole, and the cross-sectional shape of the guide grooves is set to be rectangular.

[0019] In a preferred example, the utility model can be further configured as follows: the thermal insulation support ring is set as an annular thin-walled structure, and the outer surface of the thermal insulation support ring is provided with a through hole and a threaded hole in the radial direction, the through hole is aligned with the first blind hole opened on the perforating gun, and the threaded hole is aligned with the second blind hole opened on the perforating gun.

[0020] In a preferred example, the utility model can be further configured as follows: the diameter of the heat-insulating support ring is larger than the energy-releasing cartridge, and the diameter of the through hole is set to 22 mm-32 mm.

[0021] The nouns, conjunctions or adjectives involved in the above technical solution are explained as follows:

[0022] Fixed connection refers to a connection in which parts or components are fixed without any relative movement. There are two types of connection: detachable and non-detachable.

[0023] (1) A removable connection is a connection that uses screws, splines, wedge pins, etc. to hold parts together. This type of connection can be disassembled for maintenance without damaging the parts. However, the specifications of the connectors used must be correct (such as the length of the bolts, keys, and wedge pins) and they must be properly tightened.

[0024] (2) Non-detachable connections mainly refer to welding, riveting and tenoning. Since they need to be disassembled by forging, sawing or oxygen cutting for maintenance or replacement, spare parts generally cannot be reused. At the same time, when making connections, attention should be paid to process quality, technical inspection and remedial measures (such as calibration, polishing, etc.);

[0025] An active connection is a connection in which parts or components are fixed so that they can move relative to each other.

[0026] The above technical solution of the utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0027] 1. In the utility model, on the basis of the conventional perforating design method, an energy-releasing cartridge is innovatively designed, which is assembled on the outside of the perforating gun and ignited by the high-speed jet of the perforating bullet, so that the solid energetic material in the energy-releasing cartridge forms plasma under the high-speed impact of the jet and enters the perforating hole, thereby improving the jet penetration effect and effectively increasing the perforating depth. In addition, the energy-releasing cartridge burns and releases a large amount of high-energy gas, so that the wellbore pressure is loaded at a high speed, and the hole is hammered to form multiple cracks, which lifts the liquid to form a negative pressure effect, so that the pestle blockage and pollutants in the hole flow into the wellbore, which is convenient for removing the compaction zone and perforation pollution and increasing the effective area of ​​oil and gas circulation.

[0028] 2. In the present invention, the surface of the energy-releasing cartridge is coated with a high-temperature resistant flame-retardant coating, and the structural design of the righting joint and the heat-insulating support ring is adopted to improve the reliability and safety of the system.

[0029] 3. In the utility model, the energy-releasing cartridge can be designed into various sizes with different diameters, lengths and wall thicknesses. It is easy to assemble with the perforating gun and is suitable for wells with different diameters and different well inclinations. It has high strength and will not break or rupture when impacted during transportation and operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the energy-releasing cartridge structure of the utility model;

[0032] Figure 3 It is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of the structure of the centralizing joint of the utility model;

[0033] Figure 4 It is a side sectional schematic diagram of the righting joint structure of the utility model;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the heat insulation support ring structure of the utility model.

[0035] Reference numerals:

[0036] 1. Perforating gun; 2. First blind hole; 3. Second blind hole; 4. Energy release cartridge; 5. Heat-insulating support ring; 6. Metal screw sleeve; 7. Straightening joint; 8. Bullet holder; 9. Perforating bullet; 10. Sealing groove; 11. Guide groove; 12. Through hole; 13. Threaded hole; 14. Detonating cord. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present utility model and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0038] According to the concept of this application, Figures 1 to 5The following describes an embodiment of an enhanced energy-release perforating device for oil and gas wells used for perforating oil and gas wells. Specifically, the enhanced energy-release perforating device for oil and gas wells is constructed as an integrated structure, which has three components, namely a perforating gun 1, a heat-insulating support ring 5 and a straightening joint 7. The utility model is to assemble an energy-release cartridge 4 on the outer surface of the perforating gun 1. When the jet formed by the ultra-deep penetration perforating bullet 9 perforates through the energy-release cartridge 4, the solid energy-containing material forms plasma under the high-speed impact of the jet and enters the perforation hole, acting on the formation, effectively increasing the perforation penetration depth. At the same time, the energy-release cartridge 4 burns and releases a large amount of high-energy gas, the wellbore pressure is loaded at a high speed, the hole is hammered to form multiple cracks, and the liquid is lifted to form a negative pressure effect. The plugging and contaminants in the hole will flow into the wellbore, eliminating the compaction zone and perforation pollution, increasing the effective area of ​​oil and gas circulation, and improving production.

[0039] Combination Figure 1-5 As shown, the utility model provides an energy-enhancing perforating device for oil and gas wells, comprising:

[0040] A perforating gun 1, wherein a plurality of first blind holes 2 and second blind holes 3 arranged in a spiral pattern are formed on the outer surface of the perforating gun 1, and a plurality of energy-releasing cartridges 4 are mounted on the outer surface of the perforating gun 1, wherein the plurality of energy-releasing cartridges 4 are evenly arranged;

[0041] The heat-insulating support ring 5 is installed at both ends of the energy-releasing cartridge 4. The heat-insulating support ring 5 is threadedly connected with a metal screw sleeve 6 and is fixed by the metal screw sleeve 6;

[0042] The straightening joint 7 is threadedly connected to both ends of the perforating gun 1 .

[0043] According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the diameter of the first blind hole 2 is set to 22mm-32mm, the diameter of the second blind hole 3 is set to 10mm-18mm, and the depths of the first blind hole 2 and the second blind hole 3 are both greater than 2mm.

[0044] Furthermore, the perforating gun 1 is configured as a metal tubular structure, the outer diameter of the perforating gun 1 is configured to be 40 mm-178 mm, a bullet rack 8 is installed inside the perforating gun 1 , a plurality of perforating bullets 9 are spirally installed on the bullet rack 8 , and the jet direction faces the first blind hole 2 .

[0045] Furthermore, a detonating cord 14 is connected to the perforating bullet 9 , and a cable groove adapted to the detonating cord 14 is provided on the bullet rack 8 , so as to facilitate fixing the detonating cord 14 , and the perforating bullet 9 can be ignited by the detonating cord 14 .

[0046] In some embodiments, the energy releasing cartridge 4 can be configured as a cylindrical tubular structure, a rectangular column, etc. According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the energy releasing cartridge 4 is configured as a cylindrical tubular structure, and the diameter of the energy releasing cartridge 4 is 50mm-200mm, the wall thickness is 4mm-10mm, and the aspect ratio is 1-5:1.

[0047] Furthermore, the number of energy release cartridges 4 can be set to multiple, and multiple energy release cartridges 4 are sleeved on the outer surface of the perforating gun 1 and evenly arranged. The energy release cartridge 4 is made of combustible solid energetic material, and the inner and outer surfaces of the energy release cartridge 4 are coated. Since the main component of the energy release cartridge 4 is an energetic material containing a large amount of active metal powder, after being ignited by the high-speed jet of the perforating bullet 9, the energy release cartridge 4 is broken under the high-speed jet of the perforating bullet 9 to form plasma and enter the perforation hole, which is convenient for improving the jet penetration effect, increasing the perforation penetration depth, and generating a large amount of gas to quickly pressurize and hammer around the hole to form cracks, thereby increasing the oil and gas flow area.

[0048] Furthermore, the combustible solid energetic material components mainly include ammonium perchlorate, nano-aluminum powder and curing agent.

[0049] Furthermore, the coating is made of high temperature resistant flame retardant material, specifically can be set as aluminum silicate coating, and the thickness of the coating is 0.1mm-1mm. The set coating can play a flame retardant role and improve the overall reliability and safety of the system.

[0050] According to the technical solution of this embodiment, there are two straightening joints 7, both ends of which are provided with external threads, and both ends of the perforating gun 1 are provided with internal threads and sealing surfaces that are compatible with the straightening joints 7. The straightening joint 7 can be installed on the perforating gun 1 by using the provided internal threads and external threads, and the sealing surface can be used to enhance the sealing performance between the straightening joint 7 and the perforating gun 1.

[0051] Furthermore, a sealing groove 10 is provided on the side wall of the centering joint 7 , and a sealing ring is installed in the sealing groove 10 . The sealing groove 10 and the sealing ring are used to further enhance the sealing performance between the centering joint 7 and the perforating gun 1 .

[0052] Furthermore, a plurality of guide grooves 11 are axially opened on the outer surface of the straightening joint 7. According to the technical solution of this embodiment, there are four guide grooves 11. The four guide grooves 11 are arranged in a ring shape as a whole, and the cross-sectional shape of the guide grooves 11 is set to be rectangular. The set guide grooves 11 can guide the oil and gas, thereby increasing the flow efficiency of the oil and gas.

[0053] According to the technical solution of this embodiment, the thermal insulation support ring 5 is configured as an annular thin-walled structure, and a through hole 12 and a threaded hole 13 are provided on the outer surface of the thermal insulation support ring 5 in the radial direction. The through hole 12 is aligned with the first blind hole 2 provided on the perforating gun 1, and the threaded hole 13 is aligned with the second blind hole 3 provided on the perforating gun 1.

[0054] Furthermore, the diameter of the heat-insulating support ring 5 is larger than that of the energy-releasing cartridge 4 , and the diameter of the through hole 12 is set to 22 mm-32 mm.

[0055] Specifically, when perforating operation is required, the perforating bullet 9 is ignited by the detonating cord 14. Under the action of the high-speed jet of the perforating bullet 9, the solid energetic material in the energy-releasing cartridge 4 forms plasma under the high-speed impact of the jet and enters the perforating hole, thereby improving the jet penetration effect and effectively increasing the perforating depth. In addition, the energy-releasing cartridge 4 burns and releases a large amount of high-energy gas, which causes the wellbore pressure to be loaded at a high speed, and hammers the hole to form multiple cracks, lifting the liquid to form a negative pressure effect, so that the pestle blockage and contaminants in the hole flow into the wellbore, removing the compaction zone and perforation pollution, increasing the effective area of ​​oil and gas circulation, and improving production. At the same time, by coating the surface of the energy-releasing cartridge 4 with a heat-resistant and flame-retardant coating and adopting the structural design of the straightening joint 7 and the thermal insulation support ring 5, the reliability and safety of the system are also improved.

[0056] The following is a further description of the energy-releasing perforating device for oil and gas wells provided by the utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation modes.

[0057] An enhanced energy release perforating device for oil and gas wells, comprising:

[0058] A perforating gun 1, wherein a plurality of first blind holes 2 and second blind holes 3 arranged in a spiral pattern are formed on the outer surface of the perforating gun 1, and a plurality of energy-releasing cartridges 4 are mounted on the outer surface of the perforating gun 1, wherein the plurality of energy-releasing cartridges 4 are evenly arranged;

[0059] The heat-insulating support ring 5 is installed at both ends of the energy-releasing cartridge 4. The heat-insulating support ring 5 is threadedly connected with a metal screw sleeve 6 and is fixed by the metal screw sleeve 6;

[0060] The straightening joint 7 is threadedly connected to both ends of the perforating gun 1 .

[0061] The working principle and use process of the utility model are as follows: first, the release cartridge is assembled on the outer surface of the perforating gun 1, and then the heat insulation support ring 5 is installed on both ends of the release cartridge, and the heat insulation support ring 5 is screwed into the metal screw sleeve 6 for fixing, and then the straightening joint 7 is installed on both ends of the perforating gun 1, and the perforating bullet 9 is ignited by the set detonating cord 14. Under the action of the high-speed jet of the perforating bullet 9, the solid energetic material in the energy release cartridge 4 forms plasma under the high-speed impact of the jet and enters the perforating hole, thereby improving the jet penetration effect and effectively increasing the perforation penetration depth. In addition, the energy release cartridge 4 burns and releases a large amount of high-energy gas, so that the wellbore pressure is loaded at a high speed, and the hole is hammered to form multiple cracks, and the liquid is lifted to form a negative pressure effect, so that the pestle blockage and pollutants in the hole flow into the wellbore, the compaction zone and perforation pollution are removed, the effective area of ​​oil and gas circulation is increased, and the production is increased. At the same time, the heat-resistant and flame-retardant coating is coated on the surface of the energy release cartridge 4 and the structural design of the straightening joint 7 and the heat insulation support ring 5 is adopted, so that the reliability and safety of the system are also improved.

[0062] In the present utility model, the term "plurality" refers to two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly defined. The term "and / or" used in this article includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items. The terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connection" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "assembled on", "installed on", "fixed on" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0064] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0065] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An enhanced energy release perforating device for oil and gas wells, characterized in that: include: A perforating gun (1), wherein the outer surface of the perforating gun (1) is provided with a plurality of first blind holes (2) and second blind holes (3) arranged in a spiral pattern, and the outer surface of the perforating gun (1) is equipped with a plurality of energy-releasing cartridges (4), and the plurality of energy-releasing cartridges (4) are evenly arranged; A heat-insulating support ring (5), the heat-insulating support ring (5) being mounted on both ends of the energy-releasing cartridge (4), the heat-insulating support ring (5) being threadedly connected to a metal screw sleeve (6) and being fixed by the metal screw sleeve (6); A straightening joint (7) is threadedly connected to both ends of the perforating gun (1).

2. The energy-release perforating device for oil and gas wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the first blind hole (2) is set to 22 mm-32 mm, the diameter of the second blind hole (3) is set to 10 mm-18 mm, and the depths of the first blind hole (2) and the second blind hole (3) are both greater than 2 mm.

3. The energy-release perforating device for oil and gas wells according to claim 2, characterized in that: The perforating gun (1) is configured as a metal tubular structure, a bomb rack (8) is installed inside the perforating gun (1), a plurality of perforating bullets (9) are spirally installed on the bomb rack (8), and the jet direction faces the first blind hole (2).

4. The energy-releasing perforating device for oil and gas wells according to claim 3, characterized in that: The energy-releasing cartridge (4) is configured as a cylindrical tubular structure with a diameter of 50 mm to 200 mm and a wall thickness of 4 mm to 10 mm. The energy-releasing cartridge (4) is made of a combustible solid energetic material, the components of which are ammonium perchlorate, nano-aluminum powder and a curing agent, and the inner and outer surfaces of the energy-releasing cartridge (4) are coated.

5. The energy-release perforating device for oil and gas wells according to claim 4, characterized in that: The coating is made of high temperature resistant flame retardant material, and the thickness of the coating is 0.1mm-1mm.

6. The energy-releasing perforating device for oil and gas wells according to claim 4, characterized in that: There are two straightening joints (7), both ends of the two straightening joints (7) are provided with external threads, and both ends of the perforating gun (1) are provided with internal threads and sealing surfaces that match the straightening joints (7).

7. The energy-release perforating device for oil and gas wells according to claim 6, characterized in that: A sealing groove (10) is provided on the side wall of the centralizing joint (7), a sealing ring is installed in the sealing groove (10), and a plurality of guide grooves (11) are axially provided on the outer surface of the centralizing joint (7).

8. The energy-release perforating device for oil and gas wells according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of the guide grooves (11) is four, the four guide grooves (11) are arranged in a ring shape as a whole, and the cross-sectional shape of the guide grooves (11) is set to be rectangular.

9. The energy-release perforating device for oil and gas wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-insulating support ring (5) is configured as an annular thin-wall structure, and a through hole (12) and a threaded hole (13) are provided on the outer surface of the heat-insulating support ring (5) in a radial direction, the through hole (12) is aligned with a first blind hole (2) provided on the perforating gun (1), and the threaded hole (13) is aligned with a second blind hole (3) provided on the perforating gun (1).

10. The energy-release perforating device for oil and gas wells according to claim 9, characterized in that: The diameter of the heat-insulating support ring (5) is larger than that of the energy-releasing cartridge (4), and the diameter of the through hole (12) is set to be 22 mm-32 mm.

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