8183 results about "Statistical physics" patented technology

A simulator facilitating virtual welding activity. The simulator may include a logic processor based subsystem operable to generate an interactive welding environment in virtual reality space that emulates welding activity by simulating a virtual weld puddle having dynamic, real time molten metal fluidity and heat dissipation characteristics, responsive to performing a simulated welding activity in real time. The simulator may include a foot pedal device in operative communication with the logic processor based subsystem and configured to affect a characteristic of the virtual weld puddle in real time, responsive to user control of the foot pedal device. The simulator may be configured to track the movements of a mock welding tool and a mock filler wire and determine interaction between the virtual weld puddle, a corresponding virtual welding tool, and a corresponding filler wire in virtual reality space that would result in the welding tool becoming contaminated.

Methods and systems are disclosed for processing data used for hydrocarbon extraction from the earth. Symmetry transformation groups are identified from sampled earth structure data. A set of critical points is identified from the sampled data. Using the symmetry groups and the critical points, a plurality of subdivisions of shapes is generated, which together represent the original earth structures. The symmetry groups correspond to a plurality of shape families, each of which includes a set of predicted critical points. The subdivisions are preferably generated such that a shape family is selected according to a best fit between the critical points from the sampled data and the predicted critical points of the selected shape family.

Methods and systems for performing semiconductor metrology directly on device structures are presented. A measurement model is created based on measured training data collected from at least one device structure. The trained measurement model is used to calculate process parameter values, structure parameter values, or both, directly from measurement data collected from device structures of other wafers. In some examples, measurement data from multiple targets is collected for model building, training, and measurement. In some examples, the use of measurement data associated with multiple targets eliminates, or significantly reduces, the effect of under layers in the measurement result, and enables more accurate measurements. Measurement data collected for model building, training, and measurement may be derived from measurements performed by a combination of multiple, different measurement techniques.

A system and method for efficiently generating cluster groupings in a multi-dimensional concept space is described. A plurality of terms is extracted from each document in a collection of stored unstructured documents. A concept space is built over the document collection. Terms substantially correlated between a plurality of documents within the document collection are identified. Each correlated term is expressed as a vector mapped along an angle θ originating from a common axis in the concept space. A difference between the angle θ for each document and an angle σ for each cluster within the concept space is determined. Each such cluster is populated with those documents having such difference between the angle θ for each such document and the angle σ for each such cluster falling within a predetermined variance. A new cluster is created within the concept space those documents having such difference between the angle θ for each such document and the angle σ for each such cluster falling outside the predetermined variance.

A method of simulating a bio-transport system comprising: (a) characterizing one or more elements to represent a bio-transport system of an organism or a portion thereof; (b) constructing one or more mathematical representations that model one or more bio-transport dynamics for each element based on the characterization of the elements to form a configured simulation model; (c) initializing the configured simulation model; (d) executing the configured simulation model to obtain bio-transport dynamics data for one or more elements; and (e) outputting information to a user based on at least a portion of the bio-transport dynamics data.

A method to construct a solid three-dimensional polygonal model of a three-dimensional irregular volume within a GIS platform comprising of: (1) introducing desired data including control points and attributes relating to the three-dimensional irregular volume into the GIS platform; (2) estimating at least one two-dimensional polygon representing a lateral boundary of the three-dimensional irregular volume based upon values of variable of interest at the control points; (3) estimating irregular surfaces representing top and bottom of the three-dimensional irregular volume by interpolating grids of depth values from the control points for the top and bottom surfaces of the three-dimensional irregular volume; (4) clipping the estimated irregular surfaces with the estimated at least one two-dimensional boundary polygon; (5) constructing multipatches of a network of triangular panels representing top surface, bottom surface, and sides of the three-dimensional irregular volume to produce a solid three-dimensional irregular volume model within the GIS platform; and (6) joining the attributes to the solid three-dimensional irregular volume model within the GIS platform. A method to construct a wire-frame three-dimensional polygonal model of a three-dimensional irregular volume within a GIS platform comprising of the same steps 1-4 and 6 as described above and the step of constructing a grid of regularly spaced polylineZs representing top surface, bottom surface, and sides of the three-dimensional irregular volume to produce the wire frame three-dimensional irregular volume model within the GIS platform. A system comprising of a computer system and processing software using the method of the present invention to construct a three-dimensional polygonal model of a three-dimensional irregular volume within a GIS platform.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional speckle strain measurement method, comprising: (1) speckle preparation; (2) camera calibration; (3) state information acquisition; (4) computational domaindesignation; (5) initial point setting; (6) speckle matching; (7) three-dimensional reconstruction; and (8) strain computation. By the above operation steps, the invention provides a three-dimensionalspeckle strain measurement method, which can effectively obtain high preciseness measurement results in measurements of material characteristic parameters such as full-field vibration measurement, dynamic strain measurement, high speed deformation measurement, fracture mechanics, impact excitation and dynamic material experiments. The invention has the characteristics of convenient measurement operation, high automation degree, exact and reliable results, high efficiency and non-contact measurement.

A computer-aided detection system for evaluating tissue based on a series of timed images acquired both before and after a contrast agent is administered performs a temporal analysis of the tissue and then a spatial analysis in which the tissue is categorized. After the temporal and spatial analysis is performed, the results can be displayed. The displayed results can include both tissue characterization results, underlying curves used to determine the characterization, and confidence data regarding how good the characterization is expected to be. The confidence data can be provided, for example, by using variations in color schemes, displaying numerical confidence levels, or providing graphical features such as piecewise linear models.

The invention discloses a self-adapting random resonance weak signal detection method, which achieves the self-adapting detection of weak periodic signal through combining a matching random resonance and an imposed signal induced random resonance. According to the theory of random resonance, firstly, numerical simulation is processed to receive correspondence between the noise intensity and the frequency of the best matching random resonance of a nonlinear bistable system in a range of extremely low frequency and under the condition of small-signal; and a high-frequency weak signal encountered in a project can be processed by using the change of normalized scale. For the detection of a weak signal with extremely low message-to-noise ratio and large noise intensity, the heights of voltage barriers of the bistable system can be changed by using the induced random resonance, thereby helping a weak eigenfrequency signal to fulfill the transition between voltage barriers, so that the bistable system reaches the random resonance state, thereby achieving the self-adapting detection of the weak periodic signal.

A computational methodology that improves the accuracy of model parameters in a compact model uses methods and algorithms to self-consistently match independently developed base and stress models by re-fitting the stress model to the data set that generates the base model. The re-fitting algorithm removes any discrepancy between the base model and the stress model as the stress model is applied to the data set obtained from a dimension-scaling macro. Stress offsets for dimension-scaling macro devices are calculated to fit the measured values of the model parameters for the same devices. The process of fitting the model parameters to the data set from the dimension-scaling macro calculates constant, linear, and quadratic coefficients for the model parameters, which are employed to increase the accuracy of the model parameters and of the compact model used in circuit simulations and optimization.

The invention is based on a process and system for producing random numbers by means of a quantum random number generator where the method comprises the steps of operating a laser in single mode and high modulation bandwidth by means of an electrical pulse driver, transforming the phase randomized optical pulses produced before in optical pulses with random amplitude and detecting the resulting random amplitude signals by means of a fast photodiode. The numbers thus produced are truly random.

The invention discloses a particle filtering method based on a Gaussian mixture model and variational Bayes, comprising the following steps: (1) modeling observation noise using a Gaussian mixture model, and initializing the initial state; (2) randomly generating N initial particles based on the probability density function of the initial state; (3) initializing the super parameters of the unknown parameters in the Gaussian mixture model of observation noise; (4) generating sampling particles from a chosen importance reference function; (5) updating measurement, and calculating the particle weights according to the latest observation value and a particle weight iteration formula; (7) using a variational Bayesian method to get the distribution of the unknown parameters in the Gaussian mixture model by means of loop iteration; and (7) normalizing the particle weights, and re-sampling a particle set in view of particle degradation. Through the scheme, the filtering precision and the target state estimation performance are improved effectively.

Described herein is an implementation of the IRAMS processing based upon a multi-delay-resolution framework applied to SAR image data measured at different aspect angles. The power of this new embodiment of IRAMS is that it produces a good separation of immediate response scatterer and delayed response scatterer data for the case of anisotropic scattering events, i.e., those in which the scattering intensity depends upon the aspect angle. Two sources of delayed response scattering include multiple reflection scattering events and delayed responses arising from the physical material composition of the scatterer. That is, this multi-delay-resolution IRAMS processing separates immediate response and delayed response scattering for cases in which there exist delayed response scattering data in the original SAR image data at some aspect angles, but the intensity of these delayed response scattering data is weak or non-existent at different aspect angles. Thus, this IRAMS embodiment provides the additional information of the particular aspect angles at which delayed response scattering effects are most important, thereby improving both the estimates of the delayed response scattering data and the immediate response scattering data.