An incinerator for burning hazardous waste

Abstract

The utility model discloses an incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste, including an incinerator shell, wherein the incinerator shell is provided with a feed port and a smoke outlet, a refractory layer is provided on the inner wall of the incinerator shell, and a detachable additional refractory layer is provided on the inner wall of the refractory layer. A detachable additional refractory layer is provided on the inner wall of the refractory layer, and the refractory layer directly resists the comprehensive effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear and thermal stress by using the additional refractory layer, thereby avoiding the situation where the comprehensive effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear and thermal stress directly act on the refractory layer, and the refractory layer is not directly affected by the comprehensive effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear and thermal stress, thereby effectively reducing the risk of thinning or even damage and falling off of the refractory layer, and solving the technical problem in the prior art that the refractory layer in the incinerator cannot avoid the comprehensive effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear and thermal stress, etc.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of hazardous waste incineration, in particular to an incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste. Background Art

[0002] The Chinese patent with the authorization announcement number CN206648037U discloses a new type of environmentally friendly incinerator, including an incinerator shell, a support frame, a feed cover, a smoke outlet, an exhaust fan, a second partition, a first partition, a handle, a refractory layer, a combustion chamber and a scraper. The left outer wall of the incinerator shell is movably connected to the feed cover, and the incinerator shell is provided with a combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber is provided with a refractory layer. The provision of the refractory layer makes it easy for the incinerator shell to be damaged in a high temperature environment and makes the temperature inside the furnace more uniform.

[0003] However, in actual use, it is found that the refractory layer in the rotary kiln incinerator is generally subjected to the combined effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear and thermal stress, resulting in thinning or even damage and falling off, which in turn causes the incinerator to be shut down for maintenance, increasing the company's operating costs while also reducing the efficiency of the incinerator system. Therefore, how to prevent the refractory layer in the incinerator from being subjected to the combined effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear and thermal stress is an issue that needs to be addressed urgently. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, the utility model proposes an incinerator for incinerating hazardous wastes, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that the refractory layer in the incinerator cannot be protected from the combined effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear and thermal stress.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is implemented as follows: an incinerator for incinerating hazardous wastes comprises an incinerator shell, the incinerator shell is provided with a feed inlet and a smoke outlet, the inner wall of the incinerator shell is provided with a refractory layer, and the inner wall of the refractory layer is provided with a detachable additional refractory layer.

[0006] Preferably, the additional fire-resistant layer is composed of a detachable base.

[0007] Preferably, the additional fire-resistant layer is composed of at least two detachable substrates.

[0008] Preferably, the substrate includes a first substrate and a second substrate, both of which can enter the incinerator shell along the smoke outlet, and the first substrate and the second substrate are respectively attached to the inner wall of the fire-resistant layer.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the first substrate and the bottom of the second substrate abut against each other.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom of the first base body and the bottom of the second base body are plugged into each other.

[0011] Preferably, the substrate includes a first substrate, a second substrate and a supporting substrate. The first substrate and the second substrate can both enter the incinerator shell along the smoke outlet, and the supporting substrate can enter the incinerator shell along the feed port or the smoke outlet. The first substrate and the second substrate are supported on the inner wall of the refractory layer by the supporting substrate.

[0012] Preferably, the interior of the additional refractory layer is a combustion chamber, and the bottom surface of the combustion chamber is a plane.

[0013] Preferably, the supporting base is a T-shaped base, and the first base and the second base are respectively provided with grooves corresponding to the ends of the T-shaped base.

[0014] Preferably, the supporting substrate is an L-shaped substrate, one end of the L-shaped substrate abuts between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the other end of the L-shaped substrate abuts on the first substrate or the second substrate.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the utility model:

[0016] 1. The utility model provides an additional refractory layer on the inner wall of the refractory layer. The refractory layer directly resists the combined effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear and thermal stress by using the additional refractory layer, thereby avoiding the combined effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear and thermal stress directly acting on the refractory layer. The refractory layer is not directly affected by the combined effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear and thermal stress, thereby effectively reducing the risk of thinning or even damage and falling off of the refractory layer.

[0017] 2. The additional refractory layer of the utility model is composed of a detachable matrix. After being directly subjected to the combined effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear, thermal stress and other aspects, the additional refractory layer composed of the matrix may become thinner or even damaged and fall off. At this time, the protective effect of the additional refractory layer on the refractory layer is weakened. The additional refractory layer can be disassembled and replaced with a new one, which is conducive to achieving the purpose that the additional refractory layer can always effectively protect the refractory layer.

[0018] 3. The base component of the utility model can enter the incinerator shell along the smoke outlet or the feed inlet, which is convenient for quickly placing the base into the incinerator shell and quickly completing the disassembly and assembly of the additional refractory layer, thereby improving the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the additional refractory layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of embodiments 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of Example 6 of the utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of Example 7 and Example 8 of the utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of Example 7 and Example 8 of the utility model.

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of Example 7 and Example 8 of the utility model.

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of Example 9 and Example 10 of the utility model.

[0026] In the figure, 1 is an incinerator shell, 2 is a feed inlet, 3 is a smoke outlet, 4 is an exhaust fan, 5 is a refractory layer, 6 is a combustion chamber, 7 is an additional refractory layer, 8 is a first substrate, 9 is a second substrate, 10 is a supporting substrate, 11 is a groove, and 12 is a feed cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0028] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1As shown, an incinerator for incinerating hazardous wastes comprises an incinerator shell 1, wherein the incinerator shell 1 is provided with a feed port 2 and a smoke outlet 3, wherein a refractory layer 5 is provided on the inner wall of the incinerator shell 1, and a removable additional refractory layer 7 is provided on the inner wall of the refractory layer. An additional refractory layer is provided on the inner wall of the refractory layer, and the refractory layer directly resists the comprehensive effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear and thermal stress by using the additional refractory layer, thereby avoiding the situation where the comprehensive effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear and thermal stress directly act on the refractory layer, and the refractory layer is not directly affected by the comprehensive effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear and thermal stress, thereby effectively reducing the risk of thinning or even damage and falling off of the refractory layer, and solving the technical problem in the prior art that the refractory layer in the incinerator cannot avoid the comprehensive effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear and thermal stress, etc. After being directly subjected to the combined effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear, thermal stress and other factors, the additional refractory layer 7 may become thinner or even damaged and fall off. At this time, the protective effect of the additional refractory layer 7 on the refractory layer 5 is weakened. The additional refractory layer 7 can be disassembled and replaced with a new one, which is conducive to achieving the purpose of the additional refractory layer always being able to effectively protect the refractory layer.

[0029] A feed cover 12 is provided at the feed port 2, and an exhaust fan 4 is provided at the smoke outlet 3. The feed cover 12 is opened to add hazardous waste from the feed port 2 for incineration, and the smoke generated by the incineration is sucked out of the incinerator shell 1 by the exhaust fan 4. It should be noted that when the smoke is discharged, it needs to be filtered by a filtering device to meet the emission standards before the smoke can be discharged to avoid pollution to the surrounding environment.

[0030] Preferably, the thickness of each part of the additional refractory layer 7 is uniform and consistent, avoiding the situation where the protection of each part of the refractory layer 5 by the additional refractory layer 7 is inconsistent. The thickness of the additional refractory layer 7 needs to ensure that the combustion chamber 6 formed by the additional refractory layer 7 has a volume that meets the requirements for sufficient combustion, so as to ensure the stability of the incinerator operation and improve the working efficiency of the incinerator through sufficient combustion.

[0031] Preferably, the additional refractory layer 7 is made of aluminum silicate refractory material. Aluminum silicate is a refractory material composed of three types: high alumina, silicon and aluminum silicon. It has high-temperature oxidation resistance, high-temperature erosion resistance and good high-temperature stability.

[0032] It should be noted that an additional refractory layer 7 is provided on the inner wall of the refractory layer 5, so that the space used for combustion inside the incinerator shell 1 is further reduced. In actual use, it is found that after the additional refractory layer 7 is used to reduce the space used for combustion inside the incinerator shell 1, the combustion inside the incinerator is more complete and the working efficiency of the incinerator is higher.

[0033] Embodiment 2, on the basis of embodiment 1, as Figure 1As shown, an incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste, the additional refractory layer 7 is composed of a detachable matrix. After the additional refractory layer composed of the matrix is ​​directly subjected to the combined effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear and thermal stress, it may become thinner or even damaged and fall off. At this time, the protective effect of the additional refractory layer on the refractory layer is weakened. The additional refractory layer can be replaced by a new one by disassembling, which is conducive to achieving the purpose that the additional refractory layer can always effectively protect the refractory layer.

[0034] It should be noted that the additional refractory layer 7 is composed of a detachable matrix, and there is a gap at the connection of the matrix. The additional refractory layer 7 of the present application mainly avoids the influence of mechanical wear on the refractory layer 5. The additional refractory layer 7 directly replaces the refractory layer 5 to withstand mechanical wear, and at the same time reduces chemical erosion and thermal stress. The influence of only the refractory layer 5 along the gap is reduced, and the influence of chemical erosion and thermal stress on the refractory layer 5 is reduced, and the erosion area of ​​the refractory layer 5 by chemical erosion and thermal stress is reduced, and the service life of the refractory layer 5 is increased, and the influence of the comprehensive effects of chemical erosion, mechanical wear and thermal stress on the refractory layer is reduced to a certain extent.

[0035] Embodiment 3, on the basis of embodiment 2, as Figure 1 As shown, an incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste, the additional refractory layer 7 is composed of at least two detachable substrates. The at least two detachable substrates greatly reduce the difficulty of inserting the additional refractory layer 7 along the feed port 2 or the smoke outlet 3 on the incinerator shell 1, which is conducive to the disassembly and replacement of the additional refractory layer.

[0036] Embodiment 4, on the basis of embodiment 3, as Figure 1 As shown, an incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste, the substrate includes a first substrate 8 and a second substrate 9, the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 can both enter the incinerator shell 1 along the smoke outlet 3, and the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 are respectively attached to the inner wall of the refractory layer 5. The first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 can both enter the combustion chamber 6 along the smoke outlet 3, which is convenient for quickly placing the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 into the combustion chamber 6, and quickly completing the disassembly and assembly of the additional refractory layer, thereby improving the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the additional refractory layer.

[0037] Embodiment 5, on the basis of embodiment 4, as Figure 1As shown, an incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste, the bottom of the first substrate 8 and the bottom of the second substrate 9 are against each other. The first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 are both U-shaped substrates. After the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 enter the combustion chamber 6, the opening ends of the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 are arranged opposite to each other, and the opening ends of the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 are against each other, so that the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 are respectively fitted with the inner wall of the refractory layer 5, the smoke outlet 3 passes through the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 respectively to connect with the combustion chamber 6, the feed port 2 passes through the first substrate 8 to connect with the combustion chamber 6, the feed cover 12 is opened, and hazardous waste is added from the feed port 2 to the combustion chamber 6 in the additional refractory layer 7 for incineration, and smoke is discharged from the combustion chamber 6 in the additional refractory layer 7 along the smoke outlet 3.

[0038] Embodiment 6, on the basis of embodiment 4, as Figure 2 As shown, an incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste, the bottom of the first substrate 8 and the bottom of the second substrate 9 are plugged into each other. After the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 enter the combustion chamber 6, the bottom of the first substrate 8 and the bottom of the second substrate 9 are plugged into each other to form an additional refractory layer 7. After the bottom of the first substrate 8 and the bottom of the second substrate 9 are plugged in, they support the entire additional refractory layer 7. After the bottom of the first substrate 8 and the bottom of the second substrate 9 are plugged in, they fit with the inner wall of the bottom of the refractory layer 5. Preferably, the other parts of the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 except the bottom are in contact with the inner wall of the refractory layer 5. Grooves 11 are respectively provided at the ends of the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9, and the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 are plugged in and spliced ​​to form an additional refractory layer 7.

[0039] Embodiment 7, on the basis of embodiment 3, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste, the substrate includes a first substrate 8, a second substrate 9 and a supporting substrate 10, the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 can both enter the incinerator shell 1 along the smoke outlet 3, the supporting substrate 10 can enter the incinerator shell 1 along the feed port 2 or the smoke outlet 3, and the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 are supported against the inner wall of the refractory layer 5 by the supporting substrate 10. The first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 can both enter the combustion chamber 6 along the smoke outlet 3, and the supporting substrate 10 can enter the combustion chamber 6 along the feed port 2 or the smoke outlet 3, so that the first substrate 8, the second substrate 9 and the supporting substrate 10 can be quickly placed in the combustion chamber, and the disassembly and assembly of the additional refractory layer can be quickly completed, thereby improving the disassembly and assembly efficiency of the additional refractory layer.

[0040] Embodiment 8, on the basis of embodiment 7, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, an incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste, the additional refractory layer 7 has a combustion chamber 6 inside, and the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 6 is a plane. When the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 6 is a plane, the top surfaces of the first substrate 8, the second substrate 9 and the supporting substrate 10 are in the same plane, which ensures the flatness of the bottom surface of the combustion chamber 6, is conducive to the uniformity of the temperature in the combustion chamber 6 and the full combustion of hazardous waste.

[0041] Embodiment 9, on the basis of embodiment 8, as Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, an incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste, the support base 10 is a T-shaped base, and grooves 11 corresponding to the ends of the T-shaped base are respectively provided on the first base 8 and the second base 9. The arrangement of the T-shaped base, on the one hand, facilitates the support base 10 to respectively support the first base 8 and the second base 9, which is beneficial to improve the fitting effect of the first base 8 and the second base 9 with the inner wall of the refractory layer 5; on the other hand, the gap between the T-shaped base and the first base 8 or the second base 9 is stepped, which avoids the situation where chemical erosion and thermal stress directly penetrate along the gap to affect the refractory layer 5, which is beneficial to improve the protective effect of the additional refractory layer 7 on the refractory layer 5.

[0042] The T-shaped substrate may be a normal T-shaped substrate, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 are respectively provided with grooves 11 corresponding to the ends of the T-shaped substrate. The normal-shaped T-shaped substrate can be placed upright or inverted. Figure 3 The T-shaped base is placed upside down. Figure 4 The T-shaped base is in a normal position; the T-shaped base can be a special-shaped T-shaped, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0043] When implementing Example 9, the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 are inserted into the incinerator shell 1 along the smoke outlet 3, and the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 are arranged in corresponding positions, and then the T-shaped substrate is inserted along the feed port 2 or the smoke outlet 3, and then the vertical end of the T-shaped substrate is inserted between the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9, and at the same time, the horizontal ends of the T-shaped substrate are respectively against the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9, so that the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 are in contact with the inner wall of the refractory layer 5 to form an additional refractory layer 7 in contact with the inner wall of the refractory layer 5; when thinning or even damage and detachment are found, the T-shaped substrate is pulled out, and then the T-shaped substrate is taken out along the feed port 2 or the smoke outlet 3, and the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 are taken out along the smoke outlet 3, and the new first substrate 8, the second substrate 9 and the T-shaped substrate are replaced again and inserted into the incinerator shell 1 along the feed port 2 or the smoke outlet 3 respectively to form a new additional refractory layer 7 to protect the refractory layer 5.

[0044] Embodiment 10, on the basis of embodiment 8, as Figure 6 As shown, an incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste, the supporting substrate 10 is an L-shaped substrate, one end of the L-shaped substrate abuts between the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9, and the other end of the L-shaped substrate abuts on the first substrate 8 or the second substrate 9. The setting of the L-shaped substrate facilitates the supporting substrate 10 to abut against the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 respectively, which is beneficial to improve the bonding effect between the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 and the inner wall of the refractory layer 5.

[0045] Preferably, a groove 11 is provided on the second substrate 9 , and the groove 11 is matched with the L-shaped substrate, one end of the L-shaped substrate abuts between the first substrate 8 and the second substrate 9 , and the other end of the L-shaped substrate abuts on the second substrate 9 .

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste, comprising an incinerator shell (1), wherein the incinerator shell (1) is provided with a feed inlet (2) and a smoke outlet (3), and the inner wall of the incinerator shell (1) is provided with a fire-resistant layer (5), characterized in that: A detachable additional refractory layer (7) is provided on the inner wall of the refractory layer (5).

2. The incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: The additional fire-resistant layer (7) is composed of a detachable base.

3. The incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste according to claim 2, characterized in that: The additional fire-resistant layer (7) is composed of at least two detachable base bodies.

4. The incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The substrate comprises a first substrate (8) and a second substrate (9), and both the first substrate (8) and the second substrate (9) can enter the incinerator shell (1) along the smoke outlet (3), and the first substrate (8) and the second substrate (9) are respectively attached to the inner wall of the fireproof layer (5).

5. The incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the first base (8) and the bottom of the second base (9) abut against each other.

6. The incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the first base body (8) and the bottom of the second base body (9) are plugged into each other.

7. The incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste according to claim 3, characterized in that: The substrate comprises a first substrate (8), a second substrate (9) and a supporting substrate (10); the first substrate (8) and the second substrate (9) can both enter the incinerator shell (1) along the smoke outlet (3); the supporting substrate (10) can enter the incinerator shell (1) along the feed inlet (2) or the smoke outlet (3); the first substrate (8) and the second substrate (9) are supported against the inner wall of the refractory layer (5) by the supporting substrate (10).

8. The incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste according to claim 7, characterized in that: The interior of the additional fire-resistant layer (7) is a combustion chamber (6), and the bottom surface of the combustion chamber (6) is a plane.

9. The incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: The supporting base (10) is a T-shaped base, and the first base (8) and the second base (9) are respectively provided with grooves (11) corresponding to the ends of the T-shaped base.

10. The incinerator for incinerating hazardous waste according to claim 8, characterized in that: The support base (10) is an L-shaped base, one end of the L-shaped base abuts between the first base (8) and the second base (9), and the other end of the L-shaped base abuts on the first base (8) or the second base (9).

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