A new type of high-power fuel cell bipolar plate structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel high-power fuel cell bipolar plate structure, comprising: a cathode plate and an anode plate, characterized in that: the bipolar plate is sequentially divided into an inlet and outlet area, a fluid distribution area and a reaction area from both sides inward; the inlet and outlet area is provided with an air inlet and outlet, a hydrogen inlet and outlet and a coolant inlet and outlet; the fluid distribution area is connected with the inlet and outlet area and the reaction area respectively; the structural design of the surrounding coolant inlet and outlet enables the coolant to form a comprehensive surrounding flow inside the bipolar plate, and can not only enter the reaction area through the traditional coolant distribution area, but also directly enter the outer flow channels at the top and bottom of the reaction area through the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib structure surrounding the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet, and then enter the reaction area, effectively avoiding the problem of uneven heat dissipation caused by the excessively large area of ​​the reaction area, greatly improving the heat dissipation uniformity and heat dissipation efficiency of the bipolar plate, and improving the overall performance and stability of the fuel cell stack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a novel high-power fuel cell bipolar plate structure. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen energy is one of the cleanest energy sources at present, and the development of fuel cell engines is also very rapid. The bipolar plate, as the core component of the fuel cell stack, provides a place for the reaction medium, and its structure affects the performance of the stack. At present, the fuel cell engine market is becoming more and more huge, and its application market is not limited to commercial vehicles such as buses and coaches, but gradually spreads to light trucks, heavy trucks and even mining trucks. The power of fuel cell stacks has also gradually increased, from 30 kilowatts in the early years, to 100 kilowatts later, and then to 200 kilowatts now. In the future, a 300-kilowatt stack will be needed to just meet the requirements of heavy trucks and mining trucks, laying the foundation for the development of high-power fuel cells.

[0003] The bipolar plates currently popular in the market are generally used in the 100-150 kW range, and some can meet the requirements of about 180 kW. The active area of ​​the bipolar plate is about 300-350cm 2 For a single stack with a capacity of more than 200 kW, the active area of ​​the bipolar plate needs to reach 400 cm 2 , a 300 kW single stack even needs to reach 500 cm 2 The above bipolar plate structures are currently divided into three parts: inlet and outlet area, distribution area and reaction area. The inlet and outlet area is divided into six chambers: hydrogen inlet and outlet, air inlet and outlet and cooling water inlet and outlet. The inlet and outlet are on the left and right sides, followed by the distribution area. The middle area is the reaction area, also known as the flow field area. This structure is the most common structure at present, and the maximum active area of ​​the reaction area is 350cm 2 It can achieve the maximum power requirement of about 150 kilowatts for a single stack, which is commonly used in light vehicles such as buses and logistics vehicles. It is slightly insufficient for heavy-duty vehicles such as heavy trucks and mining trucks. In order to meet the needs of heavy-duty vehicles, manufacturers currently use a hybrid mode of low-power fuel cells and lithium batteries with a certain amount of power. Very few advanced manufacturers connect two 100-150 kilowatt stacks in series and use a dual-stack single system mode. The first hybrid mode is not completely a hydrogen engine in essence. At the same time, it has a complex structure, a high failure rate, and a high maintenance cost. It does not belong to the category of green energy. Although the second dual-stack single system mode solves the problems caused by hybrid to a certain extent, the dual-stack single system mode is prone to excessive wear of one of the stacks during operation, aggravating the attenuation of the stack and affecting the life of the entire fuel cell system.

[0004] In the existing fuel cell bipolar plate structure, the traditional inlet and outlet are one-in-one structure. It is easy for the bipolar plate to be flooded due to the large reaction area, small outlet, and difficulty in gas exhaust and drainage, thus affecting the performance of the fuel cell stack. At the same time, the traditional cooling water enters from one side, passes through the distribution area, enters the reaction area, and then comes out through the distribution area. It is also easy for the overall plate to dissipate heat unevenly due to the large reaction area, thus affecting the performance of the fuel cell stack. Summary of the invention

[0005] The utility model overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a novel high-power fuel cell bipolar plate structure.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: a new type of high-power fuel cell bipolar plate structure, including: a cathode plate and an anode plate, characterized in that: the bipolar plate is divided into an inlet and outlet area, a fluid distribution area and a reaction area from both sides inward;

[0007] The inlet and outlet area is provided with an air inlet and outlet, a hydrogen inlet and outlet, and a coolant inlet and outlet; the fluid distribution area is respectively connected with the inlet and outlet area and the reaction area, and the fluid distribution area includes: a coolant distribution area and a gas distribution area;

[0008] The surfaces of the bipolar plate near the top and the bottom are both provided with outer flow channels, one side of the outer flow channel is fixed with a flow channel reinforcement rib, the air inlet and outlet are fixed with a first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib around the air inlet and outlet, the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib is fixed on the side of the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib facing the gas distribution area, the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib is fixed around the coolant inlet and outlet, the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib is fixed between the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib and the coolant distribution area, the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib is fixed around the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and the second hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib is fixed on the side of the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib facing the gas distribution area.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the air inlet and outlet include: a first air outlet cavity and a second air outlet cavity arranged on one side of the bipolar plate, and an air inlet cavity arranged on the other side of the bipolar plate; the first air outlet cavity, the second air outlet cavity and the air inlet cavity are all connected to the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib, and the second air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib is respectively connected to the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib and the fluid distribution area.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the hydrogen inlet and outlet include: a hydrogen inlet chamber arranged between the first air outlet chamber and the second air outlet chamber, and a first hydrogen outlet chamber and a second hydrogen outlet chamber arranged on both sides of the air inlet chamber; the hydrogen inlet chamber, the first hydrogen outlet chamber and the second hydrogen outlet chamber are all connected to the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib, and the second hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib are respectively connected to the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib and the fluid distribution area.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the coolant inlet and outlet include: a coolant inlet chamber arranged between the second air outlet chamber and the hydrogen inlet chamber, and a coolant outlet chamber arranged between the air inlet chamber and the second hydrogen outlet chamber; the coolant inlet chamber and the coolant outlet chamber are both connected to the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs, the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs are respectively connected to the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs and the coolant distribution area, and the top and bottom ends of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs are respectively connected to the outer side of the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet and outlet through the outer side of the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet and outlet and communicate with the outer flow channel.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib is located between the flow channel reinforcement rib and the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib and the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, a plurality of ridges are formed on the surface of the reaction zone, flow channels are formed between adjacent ridges, and the flow channels are arc-shaped and surround the air inlet and outlet, the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and the coolant inlet and outlet.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shape of the ridge is serpentine or broken line, and the cross-sectional shape of the ridge is rectangular, arc-shaped or trapezoidal.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the ridges are arranged periodically.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inlet and outlet modes of the air inlet and outlet, the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and the coolant inlet and outlet are all straight-through types.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bipolar plate is made of a composite material of graphite, stainless steel, titanium metal or carbon material.

[0018] The utility model solves the defects existing in the background technology, and has the following

[0019] Beneficial effects:

[0020] (1) The utility model provides a novel high-power fuel cell bipolar plate structure, by fixing a first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing rib around the coolant inlet and outlet, and fixing a second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing rib between the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing rib and the coolant distribution area, since the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing rib is connected to the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing rib and the coolant distribution area respectively, and the top and bottom ends of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing rib are connected to the outer flow channel through the outer side of the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet and outlet respectively, so as to form a surrounding coolant inlet and outlet structural design, so that the coolant forms a comprehensive surrounding flow inside the bipolar plate, and can not only enter the reaction zone through the traditional coolant distribution area, but also directly enter the outer flow channel at the top and bottom of the reaction zone through the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing rib structure surrounding the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet, and then enter the reaction zone, effectively avoiding the problem of uneven heat dissipation caused by the excessively large area of ​​the reaction area, greatly improving the heat dissipation uniformity and heat dissipation efficiency of the bipolar plate, and improving the overall performance and stability of the fuel cell stack.

[0021] (2) In the present invention, the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet and outlet on the bipolar plate are both arranged as a one-inlet and two-outlet structure. At the same time, because there are flow channels between adjacent ridges, the flow channels are arranged in an arc shape around the air inlet and outlet, the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and the coolant inlet and outlet, so that the hydrogen and air are separated at the outlet, the pressure of the fluid at the inlet and outlet is reduced, the flow resistance of the fluid is reduced, and the smoothness of the exhaust and drainage is improved, thereby effectively solving the problem of exhaust and drainage difficulties caused by the large reaction area and the small outlet, and avoiding the occurrence of bipolar plate flooding.

[0022] (3) In the utility model, the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib is located between the flow channel reinforcement rib and the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib and the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib. Since the top and bottom ends of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib are connected to the outer flow channel through the outer sides of the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet respectively, they are surrounded, and the sealing of the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet and outlet is divided into two, increasing from a single-channel seal to a double-channel seal, which effectively enhances the sealing of the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet and outlet, avoids leakage problems caused by poor sealing, improves the safety and reliability of the bipolar plate, and thus improves the performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0023] (4) In the present invention, the inlet and outlet modes of the air inlet and outlet, the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and the coolant inlet and outlet are all set to be straight-through, and are respectively connected to the first air inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs, the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs, and the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs on all sides, which not only simplifies the fluid flow channel, but also reduces the pressure of the inlet and outlet fluid and reduces the flow resistance of the fluid. At the same time, with the cooperation of the second air inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs and the second hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs, compared with the traditional layer-over structure, the air inlet and outlet and hydrogen inlet and outlet structures of the present invention have a shorter inlet and outlet distance and barrier-free communication, and the first air inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs and the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs are provided in the middle as a buffer, so there is no need to climb over two layers of channel barriers, which not only improves the fluid transmission efficiency, but also reduces the energy consumption of the bipolar plate during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments;

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the flow path structure of the coolant, hydrogen and air of the bipolar plate of Example 1 of the utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram of the bipolar plate cooling liquid inlet cavity of Example 1 of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cathode plate structure of Example 1 of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anode plate of Example 1 of the utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a diagram of a 6-section short stack structure assembled with bipolar plates of the utility model;

[0030] In the figure: 1. inlet and outlet area; 11. first air outlet cavity; 12. hydrogen inlet cavity; 13. coolant inlet cavity; 14. second air outlet cavity; 15. first hydrogen outlet cavity; 16. air inlet cavity; 17. coolant outlet cavity; 18. second hydrogen outlet cavity; 2. fluid distribution area; 21. outer flow channel; 22. coolant distribution area; 23. gas distribution area; 3. reaction area; 31. flow channel reinforcement rib; 41. first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib; 42. second air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib; 51. first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib; 52. second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib; 61. first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib; 62. second hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib; 100. coolant flow path; 110. hydrogen flow path; 120. air flow path. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention will now be further described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams that only illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and therefore only show the components related to the present invention.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, a novel high-power fuel cell bipolar plate structure includes: a cathode plate and an anode plate, and the bipolar plate is divided into an inlet and outlet area 1, a fluid distribution area 2 and a reaction area 3 from both sides inward; the inlet and outlet area 1 is provided with an air inlet and outlet, a hydrogen inlet and outlet and a coolant inlet and outlet; the fluid distribution area 2 is connected with the inlet and outlet area 1 and the reaction area 3 respectively, and the fluid distribution area 2 includes: a coolant distribution area 22 and a gas distribution area 23.

[0034] It should be noted that the fluid distribution area 2 is located between the inlet and outlet area 1 and the reaction area 3, connecting the inlet and outlet area 1 and the reaction area 3, and is also a channel for the coolant to enter and exit the reaction area 3. Among them, the structure of the gas distribution area 23 is a continuous strip flow channel, corresponding to the gas outlet in the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet and outlet. The flow channel of the fluid distribution area 2 is divided into two, and the remaining area of ​​the gas distribution area 23 is the coolant distribution area 22, and the two are interconnected.

[0035] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, outer flow channels 21 are provided on the surfaces near the top and the bottom of the bipolar plate, a flow channel reinforcement rib 31 is fixed on one side of the outer flow channel 21, first air inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs 41 are fixed around the air inlet and outlet, a second air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 42 is fixed on the side of the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 41 facing the gas distribution area 23, first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs 51 are fixed around the coolant inlet and outlet, a second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 52 is fixed between the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 51 and the coolant distribution area 22, first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs 61 are fixed around the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and a second hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 62 is fixed on the side of the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 61 facing the gas distribution area 23.

[0036] It should be noted that the inlet and outlet of the air inlet and outlet, the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and the coolant inlet and outlet are all straight-through; there are multiple circular holes on the second air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 42 and the second hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 62 that are connected to the gas distribution area 23; wherein the straight-through structural design corresponds to the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 41, the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 61 and the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 51 on the surrounding areas, which not only simplifies the fluid flow channel, but also reduces the pressure of the inlet and outlet fluid and reduces the flow resistance of the fluid. At the same time, with the cooperation of the second air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 42 and the second hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 62, it is connected to the gas distribution area 23 through the circular holes. Compared with the traditional layer-over structure, the air inlet and outlet and hydrogen inlet and outlet structures in this embodiment have a shorter inlet and outlet distance and barrier-free communication, and the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 41 and the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 61 are used as a buffer in the middle, and there is no need to climb over two layers of channel barriers, which not only improves the transmission efficiency of the fluid, but also reduces the energy consumption of the bipolar plate during operation.

[0037] Specifically, the air inlet and outlet include: a first air outlet chamber 11 and a second air outlet chamber 14 arranged on one side of the bipolar plate, and an air inlet chamber 16 arranged on the other side of the bipolar plate; the first air outlet chamber 11, the second air outlet chamber 14 and the air inlet chamber 16 are all connected to the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 41, and the second air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 42 is respectively connected to the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 41 and the fluid distribution area 2.

[0038] It should be noted that the air flow principle in the bipolar plate, such as Figure 1 As shown in the air flow path 120, the air enters through the air inlet cavity 16 on the right inlet and outlet area 1, and the air entering through the air inlet cavity 16 will pass through the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs 41 on all sides, enter the second air inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs 42, and enter the gas distribution area 23 through the circular holes on the second air inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs 42, and from the right to the left, it will successively enter the reaction area 3 and then enter the gas distribution area 23 on the left, and enter the inlet and outlet area 1 on the left through the circular holes connected to the gas distribution area 23, and successively pass through the second air inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs 42 and the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs 41, and enter the first air outlet cavity 11 and the second air outlet cavity 14 for discharge.

[0039] Specifically, the hydrogen inlet and outlet include: a hydrogen inlet chamber 12 arranged between the first air outlet chamber 11 and the second air outlet chamber 14, and a first hydrogen outlet chamber 15 and a second hydrogen outlet chamber 18 arranged on both sides of the air inlet chamber 16; the hydrogen inlet chamber 12, the first hydrogen outlet chamber 15 and the second hydrogen outlet chamber 18 are all connected to the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 61, and the second hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 62 is respectively connected to the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 61 and the fluid distribution area 2.

[0040] It should be noted that the hydrogen flow principle in the bipolar plate, such as Figure 1 As shown in the hydrogen flow path 110, hydrogen enters through the hydrogen inlet chamber 12 on the left inlet and outlet zone 1, and the hydrogen entering through the hydrogen inlet chamber 12 will pass through the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs 61 on all sides, enter the second hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs 62, and enter the gas distribution zone 23 through the circular holes on the second hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs 62, and from the left to the right will successively enter the reaction zone 3 and then enter the gas distribution zone 23 on the right, and enter the inlet and outlet zone 1 on the right through the circular holes connected to the gas distribution zone 23, and successively pass through the second hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs 62 and the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement ribs 61, and enter the first hydrogen outlet chamber 15 and the second hydrogen outlet chamber 18 for discharge.

[0041] Specifically, the coolant inlet and outlet include: a coolant inlet chamber 13 arranged between the second air outlet chamber 14 and the hydrogen inlet chamber 12, and a coolant outlet chamber 17 arranged between the air inlet chamber 16 and the second hydrogen outlet chamber 18; the coolant inlet chamber 13 and the coolant outlet chamber 17 are both connected to the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 51, the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 52 is respectively connected to the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 51 and the coolant distribution area 22, and the top and bottom ends of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 52 are respectively connected to the outer flow channel 21 through the outer sides of the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet and outlet.

[0042] It should be noted that the flow channel width of the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 51 is 2 mm, and the flow channel width of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 52 is 2.3 mm; the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 52 is located between the flow channel reinforcement rib 31 and the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 41 and the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 61; the coolant flow principle in the bipolar plate, such as Figure 1As shown in the coolant flow path 100, the coolant enters through the coolant inlet cavity 13 on the left inlet and outlet area 1, and the coolant entering through the coolant inlet cavity 13 will pass through the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs 51 around it and enter the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs 52. At this time, the first part of the coolant will enter the coolant distribution area 22 through the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs 52, and will enter the reaction area 3 from the left to the right in sequence. The second part of the coolant will pass through the top and bottom ends of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs 52, respectively surround the second air outlet cavity 14, the hydrogen inlet cavity 12 and the first air outlet cavity 11, and enter the outer flow channels 21 located at the top and bottom respectively. , a part of the second part of the coolant entering the outer flow channel 21 will flow into the reaction zone 3 and mix with the first part of the coolant located in the reaction zone 3, and enter the coolant distribution area 22 on the right, the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 52, the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 51 and the coolant outlet cavity 17 in sequence for discharge. At the same time, another part of the second part of the coolant entering the outer flow channel 21 will continue to flow rightward into the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 52 located on the right inlet and outlet area 1, and respectively surround the first hydrogen outlet cavity 15, the air inlet cavity 16 and the second hydrogen outlet cavity 18, and enter the coolant outlet cavity 17 through the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 51 for discharge.

[0043] Among them, by locating the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 52 between the flow channel reinforcement rib 31 and the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 41 and the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 61, since the top and bottom ends of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib 52 are connected to the outer flow channel 21 through the outside of the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet respectively, so as to surround them, the sealing of the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet and outlet is divided into two, and the single-channel sealing is increased to a double-channel sealing, which effectively enhances the sealing of the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet and outlet, avoids the leakage problem caused by poor sealing, improves the safety and reliability of the bipolar plate, and thus improves the performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0044] Specifically, a plurality of ridges are formed on the surface of the reaction zone 3, and flow channels are formed between adjacent ridges. The flow channels are arc-shaped and surround the air inlet and outlet, the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and the coolant inlet and outlet.

[0045] It should be noted that the shape of the ridge is serpentine or broken line, and the cross-sectional shape of the ridge is rectangular, arc-shaped or trapezoidal; a number of ridges are arranged periodically; by setting the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet and outlet on the bipolar plate to a one-in and two-out structure, and at the same time, because there are flow channels between adjacent ridges, the flow channels are arranged in an arc shape at the air inlet and outlet, the hydrogen inlet and outlet and the coolant inlet and outlet, so that the hydrogen and air are diverted at the outlet, reducing the pressure of the fluid at the inlet and outlet, reducing the flow resistance of the fluid, and improving the smoothness of exhaust and drainage, thereby effectively solving the problem of exhaust and drainage difficulties caused by the large area of ​​the reaction zone 3 and the small outlet, and avoiding the occurrence of bipolar plate flooding.

[0046] Specifically, the material of the bipolar plate is a composite material of graphite, stainless steel, titanium metal or carbon material.

[0047] Example 2

[0048] This embodiment is basically the same as the embodiment 1, except that the flow channel width of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs 52 is 2.0 mm.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] This embodiment is basically the same as the embodiment 1, except that the flow channel width of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs 52 is 1.7 mm.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] This embodiment is basically the same as the embodiment 1, except that the flow channel width of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs 52 is 1.2 mm.

[0053] Example 5

[0054] This embodiment is basically the same as the embodiment 1, except that the flow channel width of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs 52 is 0.7 mm.

[0055] Example 6

[0056] This embodiment is basically the same as the embodiment 1, except that the flow channel width of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs 52 is 2.5 mm.

[0057] Example 7

[0058] This embodiment is basically the same as the embodiment 1, except that the flow channel width of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs 52 is 2.9 mm.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] Purchased from a company on the market, the active area is 500cm 2 of bipolar plates.

[0061] Performance experiment:

[0062] The active area of ​​the bipolar plate in Examples 1-7 is 500 cm 2 , using membrane electrodes of the same formula from the same manufacturer, 6 short stacks were assembled (such as Figure 5 As shown), and the short stack test conditions are consistent with 2.0A / cm 2 For example, anode: inlet temperature: 70℃, inlet pressure 170KPa, humidity 60%, stoichiometric ratio 1.5; cathode: inlet temperature: 75℃, inlet pressure 150KPa, humidity 30%, stoichiometric ratio 2.0; cooling water: inlet temperature: 70℃, water pump flow: 5slpm.

[0063] Test the heat dissipation efficiency of the bipolar plate stack; and test the current density of the bipolar plate when the average single-cell voltage of each unit of the stack is 0.7V; at the same time, the current seal of the stack is 2.0A / cm 2 The extreme value of the bipolar plate stack was tested. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Table 1:

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] As shown in Table 1, it can be seen from Examples 1-4 and Example 6 that the flow channel of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs 52 is designed to have a suitable width dimension so that the bipolar plate can obtain excellent heat dissipation capability. It can be seen from the comparison between Example 1 and Example 5 and Example 7 that when the flow channel width of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs 52 is too wide, the flow rate of the fluid will decrease, increasing the residence time in the flow channel, so that the cooling water that has completed the heat exchange cannot be discharged in time, thereby affecting the heat dissipation efficiency. When the flow channel width of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing ribs 52 is too narrow, the flow rate of the cooling water in the flow channel will be too fast, resulting in a shortened contact time between the cooling water and the heating part of the battery, thereby reducing the heat exchange efficiency and affecting the heat dissipation effect.

[0068] By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that when the average single-cell voltage of each unit of the stack is 0.7V, the bipolar plate current density of Example 1 is 1.7A / cm 2 The current density of the conventional bipolar plate of Comparative Example 1 is 1.0 A / cm 2 Therefore, the current density of the bipolar plate of Example 1 is increased by 70% compared with the conventional bipolar plate of Comparative Example 1; when the current seal of the stack is 2.0A / cm 2 When the bipolar plate stack of Example 1 has a range difference of 0.05 mV, the conventional bipolar plate stack of Comparative Example 1 has a range difference of more than 0.2 mV, and the bipolar plate stack of Example 1 has a range difference of 2.0 A / cm2 Under the current density, the stack range is only 25% of the conventional bipolar plate of Comparative Example 1.

[0069] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the utility model as inspiration. Through the above description, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the utility model. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive. The scope of the utility model is limited by the attached claims rather than the above description, and it is intended to include all changes within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims in the utility model. Any figure mark in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0070] In addition, it should be understood that although the present specification is described according to implementation modes, not every implementation mode contains only one independent technical solution. This description of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation modes that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A new high-power fuel cell bipolar plate structure, comprising: The cathode plate and the anode plate are characterized in that: the bipolar plate is composed of an inlet and outlet area (1), a fluid distribution area (2) and a reaction area (3) from both sides inwards; The inlet and outlet area (1) is provided with an air inlet and outlet, a hydrogen inlet and outlet, and a coolant inlet and outlet; the fluid distribution area (2) is respectively connected to the inlet and outlet area (1) and the reaction area (3), and the fluid distribution area (2) includes: a coolant distribution area (22) and a gas distribution area (23); The bipolar plate is provided with an outer flow channel (21) on the surface close to the top and the bottom, and a flow channel reinforcement rib (31) is fixed on one side of the outer flow channel (21). A first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib (41) is fixed around the air inlet and outlet, and a second air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib (42) is fixed on the side of the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib (41) facing the gas distribution area (23). A first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib (51) is fixed around the coolant inlet and outlet, and a second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib (52) is fixed between the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib (51) and the coolant distribution area (22). A first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib (61) is fixed around the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and a second hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib (62) is fixed on the side of the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib (61) facing the gas distribution area (23).

2. A novel high-power fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet and outlet include: a first air outlet cavity (11) and a second air outlet cavity (14) arranged on one side of the bipolar plate, and an air inlet cavity (16) arranged on the other side of the bipolar plate; the first air outlet cavity (11), the second air outlet cavity (14) and the air inlet cavity (16) are all connected to the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib (41), and the second air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib (42) is respectively connected to the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib (41) and the fluid distribution area (2).

3. A novel high-power fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrogen inlet and outlet comprise: a hydrogen inlet chamber (12) arranged between the first air outlet chamber (11) and the second air outlet chamber (14), and a first hydrogen outlet chamber (15) and a second hydrogen outlet chamber (18) arranged on both sides of the air inlet chamber (16); the hydrogen inlet chamber (12), the first hydrogen outlet chamber (15) and the second hydrogen outlet chamber (18) are all connected to the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcing rib (61), and the second hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcing rib (62) is respectively connected to the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcing rib (61) and the fluid distribution area (2).

4. A novel high-power fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The coolant inlet and outlet comprise: a coolant inlet chamber (13) arranged between the second air outlet chamber (14) and the hydrogen inlet chamber (12), and a coolant outlet chamber (17) arranged between the air inlet chamber (16) and the second hydrogen outlet chamber (18); the coolant inlet chamber (13) and the coolant outlet chamber (17) are both connected to the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing rib (51); the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing rib (52) are respectively connected to the first coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing rib (51) and the coolant distribution area (22); the top and bottom ends of the second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcing rib (52) are respectively connected to the outer side of the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet and outlet through the outer side of the air inlet and outlet and the hydrogen inlet and outlet and the outer side of the flow channel (21).

5. The novel high-power fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second coolant inlet and outlet reinforcement rib (52) is located between the flow channel reinforcement rib (31), the first air inlet and outlet reinforcement rib (41), and the first hydrogen inlet and outlet reinforcement rib (61).

6. A novel high-power fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of ridges are formed on the surface of the reaction zone (3), and flow channels are formed between adjacent ridges. The flow channels are arc-shaped and surround the air inlet and outlet, the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and the coolant inlet and outlet.

7. A novel high-power fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The shape of the ridge is serpentine or broken line, and the cross-sectional shape of the ridge is rectangular, arc or trapezoidal.

8. The novel high-power fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to claim 6 is characterized by: A plurality of the ridges are arranged periodically.

9. The novel high-power fuel cell bipolar plate structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inlet and outlet modes of the air inlet and outlet, the hydrogen inlet and outlet, and the coolant inlet and outlet are all straight-through types.

Images