Fluid distribution assembly for fuel cell stack and fuel cell stack

Abstract

The utility model provides a fluid distribution assembly for a fuel cell stack and a fuel cell stack. The fluid distribution assembly for a fuel cell stack includes a fluid distribution component, which includes: a main pipeline; N branch pipelines, which are constructed to correspond to N sections of the stack, each branch pipeline is connected to each section of the stack, wherein N is a multiple of 4; a distribution pipeline, which has a first port and N second ports, the N second ports are equidistant from the first port, the first port is connected to the main pipeline, and the N second ports are respectively connected to the N branch pipelines, so that the fluid entering from the main pipeline enters the N sections of the stack after being evenly distributed. The technical solution of the utility model solves the problem of complex flow control system of the segmented stack in the prior art and easy interference of control components.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of external pipelines of fuel cell stacks, and in particular to a fluid distribution component for a fuel cell stack and a fuel cell stack. Background Art

[0002] Fuel cell stacks for stationary power generation typically require high output power. Existing stacks, limited by active area and the number of cells, typically have limited output power, making them inadequate for high-power systems. Traditional megawatt-class stationary power generation stacks typically utilize an integrated solution of multiple small modules. This offers flexible layout but poor overall consistency and high manufacturing costs.

[0003] In the existing technology, the purpose of high-power power generation of single-cell stacks and single-stack single-module control can be achieved by arranging single-cell stacks in segments (i.e. forming segmented stacks), avoiding or alleviating the problems of more branches and complex control caused by multiple stacks and multiple modules, and enhancing the stability and consistency of the stack performance output. In addition, the segmented stack has a high degree of system integration, strong control robustness, reliable structure, low manufacturing cost, and is suitable for large-scale promotion. However, due to the highly compact structure of the segmented stack, the external pipelines connected to the stack need to be compactly arranged, that is, the space for arranging the external pipelines is small. In order to evenly distribute the flow between the inlets of each segment of the stack, it is necessary to add control components to the pipelines of each segment of the stack to control the flow of each segment of the stack separately. This easily causes interference between the control components and complicates the flow control system. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a fluid distribution assembly for a fuel cell stack and a fuel cell stack, so as to solve the problems in the prior art of complex flow control systems of segmented stacks and easy interference of control components.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a fluid distribution assembly for a fuel cell stack, including a fluid distribution component, the fluid distribution component including: a main pipeline; N branch pipelines, which are constructed to correspond to N sections of the fuel cell stack, and each branch pipeline is connected to each section of the fuel cell stack, wherein N is a multiple of 4; a distribution pipeline, having a first port and N second ports, the N second ports are equidistant from the first port, the first port is connected to the main pipeline, and the N second ports are respectively connected to the N branch pipelines, so that the fluid entering from the main pipeline enters the N sections of the fuel cell stack after being evenly distributed.

[0006] Furthermore, along the flow path of the fluid, from the branch pipe to the main pipe, the distribution pipe includes multiple groups of manifolds connected in sequence, and the number of manifolds in each group is at least one. The diverter pipe has a first inlet and outlet and two second inlets and outlets, and the distances between the two second inlets and outlets and the first inlet and outlet are equal; the number of manifolds in the nth group is N×(1 / 2)n, where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1. From the branch pipe to the main pipe, the diverter pipes connected to the branch pipe in the multiple groups of manifolds are the first group, that is, n=1, and the diverter pipes connected to the main pipe in the multiple groups of manifolds are the ath group, that is, n=a, and the number of diverter pipes in the ath group is 1, and a is a natural number greater than or equal to 2; the second inlets and outlets of the first group of manifolds form N second ports, and the first inlets and outlets of the ath group of manifolds form a first port.

[0007] Furthermore, the shunt pipe includes: a main pipe section, which is provided with a first inlet and outlet; two branch pipe sections, which are respectively connected to the two ends of the main pipe section, and each branch pipe section is arranged at an angle to the main pipe section, and each branch pipe section forms a second inlet and outlet at one end away from the main pipe section, and the two branch pipe sections are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the first inlet and outlet.

[0008] Furthermore, the diverter pipe also includes an elbow pipe, which is used to connect the main pipe section and the branch pipe section.

[0009] Furthermore, the branch pipeline is made of square pipes, and the distribution pipeline is made of circular pipes; the fluid distribution component also includes a conversion pipeline for connecting the distribution pipeline and the branch pipeline, and the conversion pipeline includes a connected circular pipe section and a square pipe section, the square pipe section is connected to the branch pipeline, and the circular pipe section is connected to the distribution pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, from the distribution pipeline to the branch pipeline, the cross-sectional area of ​​the conversion pipeline gradually becomes smaller.

[0011] Furthermore, there are one or two fluid distribution components, the two fluid distribution components are arranged at an interval, and the two fluid distribution components are arranged parallel to each other and independently of each other.

[0012] Furthermore, there are two fluid distribution components, and the main pipes of the two fluid distribution components are arranged opposite to each other and are connected. The fluid distribution assembly for the fuel cell stack also includes a confluence pipe, and the two main pipes are connected to the confluence pipe.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a fuel cell stack, including an N-segment stack and two of the above-mentioned fluid distribution assemblies for the fuel cell stack, one of the two fluid distribution assemblies for the fuel cell stack is connected to the inlet of the N-segment stack, and the other of the two fluid distribution assemblies for the fuel cell stack is connected to the outlet of the N-segment stack.

[0014] Furthermore, the fuel cell stack also includes N distribution plates corresponding to the N sections of the fuel cell stack. Each distribution plate is provided with an interface, and each branch pipeline is connected to the interface of the corresponding distribution plate.

[0015] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, a distribution pipeline is set between the main pipeline and N branch pipelines, and the distance from the first port connected to the main pipeline to the N second ports connected to the N branch pipelines is made equal, so that the distance of the fluid from the main pipeline through the distribution pipeline into the N branch pipelines can be made the same, and thus the flow from the N branch pipelines to the N sections of the fuel cell stack can be evenly distributed. In this way, on the one hand, this embodiment can avoid separate control of the flow entering each section of the fuel cell stack, and there is no need to additionally set up a control system for flow distribution, thereby avoiding adding control components to the pipelines of each section of the fuel cell stack, and thus avoiding mutual interference between the control components of each pipeline; on the other hand, the flow of the fluid between each section of the fuel cell stack is evenly distributed, thereby improving the distribution consistency of the fluid entering the N sections of the fuel cell stack, and thus enhancing the consistency of the performance output of the N sections of the fuel cell stack, so that the overall high performance output of the fuel cell stack is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings constituting part of this application are provided to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are provided to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of a single-stage fuel cell stack in the prior art is shown;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a comparative example of a fuel cell stack in the prior art is shown;

[0019] Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell stack according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 A flow distribution comparison diagram of the fuel cell stack of the utility model is shown between the first embodiment and the comparative example;

[0021] Figure 5 Shows a structural schematic diagram of a fuel cell stack according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 The figure shows a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell stack according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 The figure shows the assembly structure diagram of the fuel cell stack, distribution plate and end plate of the fuel cell stack of the present invention.

[0024] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0025] 10. Branch pipeline; 11. Main pipeline; 20. Diverter pipe; 21. Main section; 22. Branch section; 23. Elbow; 24. Conversion pipeline; 25. Converging pipeline; 31. Battery stack; 32. Distribution plate; 33. End plate; 34. Interface; 41. Liquid inlet pipe; 42. Liquid outlet pipe; 51. Main pipeline; 52. Distribution pipe; 61. Battery stack; 62. Side plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0027] It should be noted that if Figure 1 As shown, the fuel cell stack in the prior art includes a battery stack 61, two side plates 62, a liquid inlet pipe 41 and a liquid outlet pipe 42. The two side plates 62 are respectively located on opposite sides of the battery stack 61. One of the two side plates 62 is provided with two openings, and the two openings are respectively connected to the liquid inlet pipe 41 and the liquid outlet pipe 42.

[0028] The above-mentioned fuel cell stack is generally not segmented due to its small number of sections. It is only provided with a single liquid inlet pipe 41 and a liquid outlet pipe 42. The external system and the fuel cell stack 61 are directly connected by a single pipe, and flow distribution between multiple sections is not involved.

[0029] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fluid distribution assembly for a fuel cell stack, which includes a fluid distribution component, which includes: a main line 11, N branch lines 10, and a distribution line. The N branch lines 10 are configured to correspond to N sections of the fuel cell stack 31, and each branch line 10 is connected to each section of the fuel cell stack 31, where N is a multiple of 4; the distribution line has a first port and N second ports, and the N second ports are equidistant from the first port. The first port is connected to the main line 11, and the N second ports are respectively connected to the N branch lines 10, so that the fluid entering from the main line 11 is evenly distributed and enters the N sections of the fuel cell stack 31.

[0030] In the above technical solution, a distribution pipeline is set between the main pipeline 11 and the N branch pipelines 10, and the distance from the first port of the distribution pipeline connected to the main pipeline 11 to the N second ports connected to the N branch pipelines 10 is equal, so that the distance of the fluid from the main pipeline 11 through the distribution pipeline into the N branch pipelines 10 can be the same, and the flow from the N branch pipelines 10 to the N-segment fuel cell stack 31 can be evenly distributed. In this way, on the one hand, this embodiment can avoid separate control of the flow entering each segment of the fuel cell stack 31, and there is no need to additionally set up a control system for flow distribution, so as to avoid adding control components to the pipelines of each segment of the fuel cell stack 31, and thus avoid mutual interference between the control components of each pipeline; on the other hand, the uniform distribution of the fluid flow between each segment of the fuel cell stack 31 is achieved, so that the distribution consistency of the fluid entering the N segment fuel cell stack 31 can be improved, and the consistency of the performance output of the N segment fuel cell stack 31 can be enhanced, so that the overall high performance output of the fuel cell stack can be achieved.

[0031] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the fluid may be any one of hydrogen, air and coolant, or may be formed by any one of humidified hydrogen and air, and the fluid is input into the main line 11 from an external system.

[0032] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of the present invention, N may be 4, 8, 12, or the like.

[0033] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the distance from the second port to the first port refers to the length of the flow path of the fluid flowing from the first port to the second port. In this way, the lengths of the N flow paths where the fluid flows through the first port to the N second ports are equal to achieve uniform distribution of the fluid.

[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, along the flow path of the fluid, from the branch pipe 10 to the main pipe 11, the distribution pipe includes multiple groups of manifolds 20 connected in sequence, the number of each group of manifolds 20 is at least one, the branch pipe 20 has a first inlet and two second inlets, and the distances between the two second inlets and the first inlet are equal; the number of manifolds 20 in the nth group is N×(1 / 2) n , n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, from the branch pipeline 10 to the main pipeline 11, the diverter pipes 20 in the multi-group manifold pipes 20 that are connected to the branch pipeline 10 are the first group, that is, n=1, and the diverter pipes 20 in the multi-group manifold pipes 20 that are connected to the main pipeline 11 are the a-th group, that is, n=a, and the number of diverter pipes 20 in the a-th group is 1, a is a natural number greater than or equal to 2; the second inlet and outlet of the first group of manifold pipes 20 form N second ports, and the first inlet and outlet of the a-th group of manifold pipes 20 form a first port.

[0035] In the above technical solution, by setting up multiple groups of diverter pipes 20, and making the distances between the two second inlets and outlets of each diverter pipe 20 and the first inlet and outlet equal, when a≥3, the fluid can enter a diverter pipe 20 of the a-th group through the main line 11, and be divided into two fluid paths with equal flow rates, respectively flowing to the two second inlets and outlets of the diverter pipe 20 of the a-th group, and then respectively entering the first inlets and outlets of the two diverter pipes 20 of the a-1-th group from the two second inlets and outlets of the a-1-th group, so that the fluid is divided into four paths with equal flow rates and discharged from the four second inlets and outlets of the a-1-th group into the four diverter pipes 20 of the next group, until the fluid enters the N×(1 / 2) diverter pipes 20 of the first group, and the fluid is divided into N paths with equal flow rates and enters the N branch pipes 10; when a= 2, then N is equal to 4, and the fluid can enter a branch pipe 20 of the second group through the main line 11, and be divided into two fluids with equal flow rates, which flow to the two second inlets and outlets of the branch pipe 20 of the second group respectively, and then enter the first inlets and outlets of the two branch pipes 20 of the first group respectively from the two second inlets and outlets of the second group, so that the fluid is divided into 4 paths with equal flow rates and discharged into the 4 branch pipes 10 from the four second inlets and outlets of the first group; in this way, by using multiple groups of branch pipes 20 to perform multi-stage distribution of the fluid entering the main line 11, the fluid can be evenly distributed into each section of the fuel cell stack 31 to achieve uniform distribution of the fluid flow, thereby enhancing the consistency of the performance output of the N-segment fuel cell stack 31, and further improving the overall output performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0036] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the multiple groups of manifolds 20 being sequentially connected means that the two second inlets and outlets of each upstream branch pipe in two adjacent groups of manifolds are connected to the first inlets and outlets of the two downstream branch pipes.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the shunt pipe 20 includes: a main pipe section 21, which is provided with a first inlet and outlet; two branch pipe sections 22, which are respectively connected to the two ends of the main pipe section 21, and each branch pipe section 22 is arranged at an angle to the main pipe section 21. An end of each branch pipe section 22 away from the main pipe section 21 forms a second inlet and outlet, and the two branch pipe sections 22 are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the first inlet and outlet.

[0038] In the above technical solution, by arranging the two branch pipe sections 22 symmetrically about the axis of the first inlet and outlet, the distance from the first inlet and outlet to the two second inlet and outlet can be made equal, so that the distance of the fluid flowing from the first inlet and outlet to the second inlet and outlet can be made equal, and then one path of fluid can be diverted through the diverter pipe 20 to form two paths of fluid with equal flow rate. In this way, on the one hand, the fluid flow entering the N-segment fuel cell stack 31 can be evenly distributed, and on the other hand, there is no need to set up a control system for flow distribution to achieve even distribution of the fluid flow entering the N-segment fuel cell stack 31.

[0039] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the angle between each branch pipe section 22 and the main pipe section 21 is 90°.

[0040] Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the diverter pipe 20 is a U-shaped pipe.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the diverter pipe 20 further includes an elbow 23, which is used to connect the main pipe section 21 and the branch pipe section 22. This can reduce the impact of a sudden change in the fluid flow direction on the downstream flow velocity distribution of the fluid, thereby improving the stability and consistency of the fluid flow in the diverter pipe 20. In addition, it effectively reduces the resistance to the fluid at the bend of the diverter pipe 20, thereby reducing local pressure drop and further reducing energy loss during the fluid flow process.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the branch pipeline 10 is made of a square tube, and the distribution pipeline is made of a circular tube; the fluid distribution component also includes a conversion pipeline 24 for connecting the distribution pipeline and the branch pipeline 10, and the conversion pipeline 24 includes a circular pipe segment and a square pipe segment connected to each other, the square pipe segment is connected to the branch pipeline 10, and the circular pipe segment is connected to the distribution pipeline.

[0043] In the above technical solution, by setting the distribution pipeline as a circular pipe, the resistance of the fluid flowing in the distribution pipeline can be reduced, and the cross-sectional shape of the conversion pipeline 24 is designed to be gradual, which can transitionally connect the distribution pipeline with a circular cross-section and the branch pipeline 10 with a square cross-section.

[0044] It should be noted that the specific length of the branch pipe 10 is related to the physical properties of the medium and the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipe flow. In the embodiment of the present invention, the length of the branch pipe 10 is greater than or equal to 250 mm and less than or equal to 500 mm. In this way, not only can the flow state of the fluid be fully developed in a square pipe of a certain length to improve the uniformity of the fluid, but also space can be saved.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​the conversion pipeline 24 gradually decreases from the distribution pipeline to the branch pipeline 10. This can reduce the impact of the sudden change in cross-sectional area from the distribution pipeline to the branch pipeline 10 on the fluid, thereby making the fluid flow smoother and further improving the fluid stability and consistency when the fluid enters the branch pipeline 10 from the distribution pipeline.

[0046] like Figure 3As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fuel cell stack, including an N-segment stack 31 and two of the above-mentioned fluid distribution assemblies for the fuel cell stack, one of the two fluid distribution assemblies for the fuel cell stack is connected to the inlet of the N-segment stack 31, and the other of the two fluid distribution assemblies for the fuel cell stack is connected to the outlet of the N-segment stack 31.

[0047] Through the above-mentioned arrangement, the fluid can be input from the external system and enter the fluid distribution assembly for the fuel cell stack connected to the inlet of the N-segment stack 31, so that N paths of fluid with equal flow can be obtained, and the N paths of fluid with equal flow can enter the stack 31 through the inlet of the N-segment stack 31 respectively. After the fluid reacts in the stack 31, it enters the fluid distribution assembly for the fuel cell stack connected to the outlet of the N-segment stack 31. The N paths of fluid are merged to form one path of fluid, and the one path of fluid is output from the main line 11 of the fluid distribution assembly for the fuel cell stack to the external system. In this way, the uniform distribution of the fluid flow of the N-segment stack 31 can be guaranteed, and the overall high-performance output of the fuel cell stack can be achieved.

[0048] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, when the fluid distribution component of the fuel cell stack is connected to the inlet of the N-segment stack 31, the first port of each diversion tube 20 is the fluid inlet, and the second port of each diversion tube 20 is the fluid outlet, which can achieve uniform distribution of the fluid; when the fluid distribution component of the fuel cell stack is connected to the outlet of the N-segment stack 31, the second port of each diversion tube 20 is the fluid inlet, and the first port of each diversion tube 20 is the fluid outlet, which can make the fluid converge.

[0049] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the extension direction of the main pipe 11 of the fluid distribution assembly for the two fuel cell stacks can be flexibly arranged according to the conditions of the external system, that is, the main pipe 11 can be arranged along Figure 3 Horizontally extending in, for example, Figure 3 The main pipe 11 of the fluid distribution assembly located on the upper side of the stack 31 can also be along Figure 3 The vertical direction of the extension, for example, Figure 3 The main line 11 of the fluid distribution assembly is located on the lower side of the fuel cell stack 31.

[0050] In one embodiment, only one fuel cell stack fluid distribution assembly may be provided to connect to the inlet of the N-segment stack 31, and multiple straight pipes may be provided to connect directly to the outlet of the N-segment stack 31, so that the fluid can evenly enter the N-segment stack 31 for reaction and flow out.

[0051] like Figure 7As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the fuel cell stack further includes N distribution plates 32 corresponding to the N-segment stack 31 , each distribution plate 32 is provided with an interface 34 , and each branch pipe 10 is connected to the interface 34 of the corresponding distribution plate 32 .

[0052] Through the above arrangement, the fluid can be evenly distributed through the branch pipes 10 and then enter each section of the fuel cell stack 31 through the interface 34. In this way, the fluid flow in each section of the fuel cell stack 31 can be kept consistent, thereby improving the overall output performance of the fuel cell stack.

[0053] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the interface 34 is a square cross-section interface.

[0054] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, a distribution plate 32 is provided between two adjacent sections of the N-section battery stack 31, and a distribution plate 32 is provided on any side of the N-section battery stack 31 along the arrangement direction of the N-section battery stack 31, so that the N-section battery stack 31 can be connected to the N distribution plates accordingly. The specific structure of the distribution plate 32 is the existing technology and will not be repeated here.

[0055] Specifically, in an embodiment of the present invention, along the arrangement direction of the N-segment fuel cell stack 31, the fuel cell stack also includes two end plates 33 located on both sides of the structure after the N-segment fuel cell stack 31 and the N distribution plates are assembled to press the N-segment fuel cell stack 31 and the N distribution plates.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown, in the first embodiment of the present invention, there is one fluid distribution member, that is, the fluid distribution assembly for the fuel cell stack includes one fluid distribution member. In this way, the fuel cell stack includes two fluid distribution members, one of which is connected to the inlet of the N-segment stack 31, and the other of which is connected to the outlet of the N-segment stack 31, so that the fluid from the external system is evenly distributed through the fluid distribution member connected to the inlet of the N-segment stack 31, enters the N-segment stack 31, reacts, and then converges through the fluid distribution member connected to the outlet of the N-segment stack 31 before flowing out.

[0058] Preferably, if Figure 3As shown, in the first embodiment of the present invention, the fuel cell stack 31 is divided into 4 sections, and each section of the fuel cell stack 31 has an inlet and an outlet, and each inlet and each outlet are used for the entry and exit of the same fluid. In this way, after the fluid is input from the external system, it can enter a fluid distribution component connected to the inlet of the 4-section fuel cell stack 31 through a main line 11, so that 4 fluids with equal flow rates can be obtained, and the 4 fluids with equal flow rates can enter the fuel cell stack 31 through the inlets of the 4-section fuel cell stack 31 respectively. After the fluid reacts in the fuel cell stack 31, it enters another fluid distribution component connected to the outlet of the 4-section fuel cell stack 31. The 4 fluids are combined to become one fluid and are output to the external system from the main line 11 of another fluid distribution component. In this way, the uniform distribution of the fluid flow of the 4-section fuel cell stack 31 can be guaranteed, and the overall high-performance output of the fuel cell stack can be achieved.

[0059] like Figure 2 As shown, in the comparative example (i.e., the prior art), the fuel cell stack includes four sections of battery stacks 61 arranged in sequence and two fuel cell stack fluid distribution assemblies located on the upper and lower sides of the four-section battery stack 61. Each fuel cell stack fluid distribution assembly includes a main pipeline 51 and a distribution pipe 52 connected to the main pipeline 51. The distribution pipe 52 has an inlet and four outlets. The inlet is connected to the main pipeline 51, and the four outlets are respectively connected to the four-section battery stack 61. The four outlets are evenly spaced along the arrangement direction of the four-section battery stack 61. After the fluid enters the distribution pipe 52 connected to the inlet of the four-section battery stack 61 through the main pipeline 51, it is divided into four fluids. The four fluids enter the battery stack 61. After the fluid reacts in the battery stack 61, The fluid is discharged from the outlet of the four-stage battery stack 61 and enters another distribution pipe 52 connected to the outlet of the four-stage battery stack 61 to merge the four fluids into one fluid and output to the external system through the main pipeline 51. In this way, on the one hand, the distances between one inlet and the four outlets will be different, so that the fluid flow in the four branch pipes 10 is unevenly distributed, which will lead to poor performance consistency of the four-stage battery stack 61, thereby reducing the overall performance of the fuel cell stack; on the other hand, when the fluid enters the two middle outlets of the four outlets through the inlet, the sudden change in the flow direction of the fluid will cause the fluid to be affected by resistance, resulting in a large energy loss during the fluid flow process, and thus a large local pressure drop of the fluid.

[0060] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the flow distribution range of the four-stage fuel cell stack in the comparative example is 5.4%, while the flow distribution range of the four-stage fuel cell stack in the first embodiment is 0.3%. The flow distribution consistency of the first embodiment is significantly improved; and the total pressure drop of the pipeline in the comparative example is 9 kPa, while the total pressure drop of the pipeline in the first embodiment is 3 kPa, and the pipeline flow resistance is greatly reduced.

[0061] Example 2

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, the difference between the second embodiment of the present invention and the first embodiment is that there are two fluid distribution components, the two fluid distribution components are arranged at intervals, and the two fluid distribution components are arranged parallel to each other and independently of each other.

[0063] In this way, the fluid distribution assembly for the fuel cell stack can be installed according to the number of inlets and outlets of each section of the stack 31, such as Figure 5 As shown, when each section of the fuel cell stack has two outlets, the fluid distribution assembly for the fuel cell stack connected to the outlet of the N-section fuel cell stack 31 can include two fluid distribution components to output the fluid in the N-section fuel cell stack 31.

[0064] Specifically, if Figure 5 As shown, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the fluid distribution assembly for the fuel cell stack connected to the inlet of the 4-segment fuel cell stack 31 includes a fluid distribution component, and the fluid distribution assembly for the fuel cell stack connected to the outlet of the 4-segment fuel cell stack 31 includes two fluid distribution components. The fluid is input from the external system and enters a fluid distribution component connected to the inlet of the 4-segment fuel cell stack 31 to obtain 4 fluids with equal flow rates, and the 4 fluids with equal flow rates enter the fuel cell stack 31 through the inlet of the 4-segment fuel cell stack 31 respectively. After the fluid reacts in the fuel cell stack 31, it is divided into 8 fluids by the distribution plate 32. The 8 fluids respectively enter the two fluid distribution components connected to the outlet of the 4-segment fuel cell stack 31. The fluids converge in each fluid distribution component to form two fluids of the 8 fluids, and the two fluids are respectively output to the external system from the main lines 11 of the two fluid distribution components connected to the outlet of the 4-segment fuel cell stack 31. In this way, the outlet flow of each segment fuel cell stack 31 can be quickly merged and discharged to the external system.

[0065] The other structures in the second embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment and will not be described again here.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] like Figure 6 As shown, the difference between Example 3 of the present invention and Example 1 is that there are two fluid distribution components, and the main lines 11 of the two fluid distribution components are arranged opposite to each other and connected. The fluid distribution assembly for the fuel cell stack also includes a confluence line 25, and the two main lines 11 are connected to the confluence line 25.

[0068] In this way, the fluid distribution assembly for the fuel cell stack can be installed according to the number of inlets and outlets of each section of the stack 31, such as Figure 6 As shown, when each section of the fuel cell stack 31 has two outlets, the fluid distribution assembly for the fuel cell stack that can be connected to the outlets of the N sections of the fuel cell stack 31 includes two fluid distribution components, and the fluids in the two fluid distribution components are output after converging through the confluence pipe 25.

[0069] Specifically, if Figure 6 As shown, in the third embodiment of the present invention, the eight fluid paths flowing out of the four-segment fuel cell stack 31 can enter the two fluid distribution components for merging, so that the eight fluid paths are finally merged into one path and output. In this way, the fluid after the reaction is completed can more conveniently enter the external system from the four-segment fuel cell stack 31.

[0070] The other structures in the third embodiment are the same as those in the first embodiment and will not be described again here.

[0071] The above-mentioned fuel cell stack has all the advantages of the above-mentioned fluid distribution assembly for fuel cell stack, which will not be described in detail here.

[0072] From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention achieves the following technical effects: by setting a distribution pipeline between the main pipeline and the N branch pipelines, and making the distance from the first port of the distribution pipeline connected to the main pipeline to the N second ports connected to the N branch pipelines equal, the distance of the fluid from the main pipeline through the distribution pipeline into the N branch pipelines can be made the same, and the flow from the N branch pipelines to the N sections of the fuel cell stack can be evenly distributed. In this way, on the one hand, this embodiment can avoid separate control of the flow entering each section of the fuel cell stack, and there is no need to additionally set up a control system for flow distribution, thereby avoiding adding control components to the pipelines of each section of the fuel cell stack, and thereby avoiding mutual interference between the control components of each pipeline; on the other hand, the uniform distribution of the fluid flow between each section of the fuel cell stack is achieved, thereby improving the distribution consistency of the fluid entering the N sections of the fuel cell stack, and thereby enhancing the consistency of the performance output of the N sections of the fuel cell stack, so that the overall high performance output of the fuel cell stack is achieved.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is susceptible to various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fluid distribution assembly for a fuel cell stack, characterized in that: A fluid distribution member is included, the fluid distribution member comprising: Main road (11); N branch pipelines (10) are configured to be arranged corresponding to N sections of the battery stack (31), each branch pipeline (10) being connected to each section of the battery stack (31), wherein N is a multiple of 4; A flow distribution pipeline having a first port and N second ports, the N second ports being equidistant from the first port, the first port being connected to the main pipeline (11), and the N second ports being respectively connected to the N branch pipelines (10), so that the fluid entering from the main pipeline (11) enters the N sections of the fuel cell stack (31) after being evenly distributed.

2. The fluid distribution assembly for a fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the flow path of the fluid, from the branch pipeline (10) to the main pipeline (11), the flow distribution pipeline comprises a plurality of groups of flow distribution pipes (20) which are connected in sequence, each group of the flow distribution pipes (20) comprises at least one flow distribution pipe, the flow distribution pipe (20) comprises a first inlet and outlet and two second inlets and outlets, and the distances between the two second inlets and outlets and the first inlet and outlet are equal; The number of the nth group of the shunt tubes (20) in the plurality of groups of the shunt tubes (20) is N×(1 / 2) n , n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, from the branch pipeline (10) to the main pipeline (11), the shunt pipes (20) in the plurality of groups of shunt pipes (20) that are connected to the branch pipeline (10) are the first group, i.e. n=1, the shunt pipes (20) in the plurality of groups of shunt pipes (20) that are connected to the main pipeline (11) are the ath group, i.e. n=a, and the number of the shunt pipes (20) in the ath group is 1, and a is a natural number greater than or equal to 2; The second inlets and outlets of the first group of diverter tubes (20) form N second ports, and the first inlets and outlets of the ath group of diverter tubes (20) form the first port.

3. The fluid distribution assembly for a fuel cell stack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shunt pipe (20) comprises: A main pipe section (21), wherein the first inlet and outlet are provided on the main pipe section (21); Two branch pipe sections (22) are respectively connected to two ends of the main pipe section (21); each branch pipe section (22) is arranged at an angle with the main pipe section (21); one end of each branch pipe section (22) away from the main pipe section (21) forms the second inlet and outlet; and the two branch pipe sections (22) are symmetrically arranged about the axis of the first inlet and outlet.

4. The fluid distribution assembly for a fuel cell stack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shunt pipe (20) further comprises a bend pipe (23), wherein the bend pipe (23) is used to connect the main pipe section (21) and the branch pipe section (22).

5. The fluid distribution assembly for a fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The branch pipeline (10) is made of a square pipe, and the distribution pipeline is made of a circular pipe; The fluid distribution component also includes a conversion pipeline (24) for connecting the distribution pipeline and the branch pipeline (10), the conversion pipeline (24) includes a circular pipe section and a square pipe section connected to each other, the square pipe section is connected to the branch pipeline (10), and the circular pipe section is connected to the distribution pipeline.

6. The fluid distribution assembly for a fuel cell stack according to claim 5, characterized in that: From the flow distribution pipeline to the branch pipeline (10), the cross-sectional area of ​​the conversion pipeline (24) gradually decreases.

7. The fluid distribution assembly for a fuel cell stack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The number of the fluid distribution components is one or two, the two fluid distribution components are arranged at an interval, and the two fluid distribution components are arranged parallel to each other and independently of each other.

8. The fluid distribution assembly for a fuel cell stack according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: There are two fluid distribution components, and the main pipes (11) of the two fluid distribution components are arranged opposite to each other and are connected. The fluid distribution assembly for the fuel cell stack also includes a confluence pipe (25), and the two main pipes (11) are both connected to the confluence pipe (25).

9. A fuel cell stack, characterized in that: It comprises an N-segment fuel cell stack (31) and two fluid distribution assemblies for a fuel cell stack as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, one of the two fluid distribution assemblies for a fuel cell stack is connected to the inlet of the N-segment fuel cell stack (31), and the other of the two fluid distribution assemblies for a fuel cell stack is connected to the outlet of the N-segment fuel cell stack (31).

10. The fuel cell stack according to claim 9, characterized in that: The fuel cell stack further comprises N distribution plates (32) arranged corresponding to the N sections of the stack (31), each of the distribution plates (32) being provided with an interface (34), and each of the branch pipes (10) being in communication with the interface (34) of the corresponding distribution plate (32).

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