A waste battery discharge device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of recycling waste lithium-ion batteries, and discloses a waste battery discharge device, including a vertical conveyor, a material box, a plug plate and a chain plate conveyor, the chain plate conveyor is provided with at least two discharge stations formed by a baffle and a perforated chain plate, the vertical conveyor conveys the solid conductive material in the bottom hopper to the discharge station, the material box is located below the discharge station and is connected to the discharge station, the solid conductive material in the discharge station can pass through the perforated chain plate and fall into the material box, the hopper is located below the material box, the material box is provided with a draw plate hole, the plug plate is inserted into or out of the draw plate hole to control whether the solid conductive material in the discharge station falls into the hopper. The utility model allows waste batteries to pass through multiple discharge stations in sequence, and solid conductive materials with different resistances are respectively provided in each discharge station to realize step discharge, the whole machine has a simple structure, is easy to install and use, and the solid conductive material is recycled, reducing the use cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of recycling waste lithium-ion batteries, in particular to a waste battery discharge device. Background Art

[0002] Since there is still a lot of electrical energy stored in used lithium-ion batteries, it is easy for the batteries to short-circuit during the disassembly and crushing process, which can lead to a large amount of heat release, and even explosions, fires and other dangerous situations, posing a great safety hazard. Therefore, the recycling of used lithium-ion batteries requires a thorough discharge operation to avoid accidents such as combustion and explosions caused by the concentrated release of residual battery power during the subsequent processing of the used batteries.

[0003] At present, the methods for safe discharge of waste batteries include physical discharge, chemical discharge, puncture discharge, etc. Physical discharge consumes electricity through an external load; chemical discharge mostly uses immersion discharge, that is, using the positive and negative metals of the waste battery as the cathode and anode of the original battery, immersing the battery in a conductive solution to release the residual electricity through electrolysis; puncture discharge is generally equipped with protective measures, but the material obtained after discharge is highly mixed, and resource utilization is difficult.

[0004] Among them, piercing discharge has high requirements for equipment and safety and is difficult to recycle resources, so most manufacturers that recycle waste lithium-ion batteries do not adopt this discharge method. However, most existing equipment that can perform physical discharge has a complex structure. For example, the Chinese patent "A waste battery automatic step-by-step transfer intermittent physical discharge machine" with publication number CN115036606A contains a feeding mechanism, a battery conveying and pushing device, a pole piece positioning contact and loop discharge device, a battery discharge device, a transverse material trough block for placing batteries, and an intermittently running double-row conveyor chain. The discharge machine contacts the battery through an ejector pin and an elastic ejector pin to form a loop. The ejector pin and the elastic ejector pin are respectively fixed on their respective ejector pin seat plates, and the ejector pin seat plates are connected to the reciprocating moving part. When the reciprocating moving mechanism of the reciprocating moving part moves, the ejector pin and the elastic ejector pin contact or separate with the positive and negative electrodes of the battery. The discharged battery falls into the battery discharge device. Beneficial effect: multiple batteries are moved and the single battery is discharged intermittently, and the total amount of discharge from the first step to the last step is equal to the sum of the superposition of each step of discharge.

[0005] In the above-mentioned physical discharge machine, the battery is driven intermittently by the double-row conveyor chain, and continuously contacts different ejectors and elastic ejectors, thereby connecting in series with different discharge resistors to form a circuit for discharge. The overall structure of the equipment is complex, and it also puts forward high requirements on installation accuracy and subsequent maintenance, and the cost of use is relatively high. Utility Model Content

[0006] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art: the existing physical discharge machine has a complex overall structure, has high requirements on installation accuracy and subsequent maintenance, and has a high cost of use. The purpose of the utility model is to provide a waste battery discharge device, which uses a chain conveyor to drive the waste batteries to pass through a plurality of discharge stations in sequence, and in each discharge station, solid conductive materials with different resistances are used to contact the waste batteries for discharge. The whole machine has a simple structure, is easy to install and use, and the solid conductive materials in each discharge station are recycled, which effectively reduces the cost of use; and the plurality of discharge stations form a step resistance, thereby realizing stable current discharge under different voltages, making the discharge process safer and the battery discharge more fully.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the utility model is:

[0008] A waste battery discharge device comprises a vertical conveyor, a material box, an insert plate and a chain plate conveyor for moving the batteries, the chain plate conveyor is provided with a baffle plate and a chain plate with holes, and the chain plate with holes and the baffle plate cooperate to form at least two discharge stations for placing batteries, each of the vertical conveyors corresponds to a discharge station, and a hopper corresponding to the discharge station is provided at the bottom of each vertical conveyor, the vertical conveyor is used to convey the solid conductive material stored in the hopper to the discharge station, the material box is located below the discharge station and is connected to the discharge station, the solid conductive material in the discharge station can pass through the chain plate with holes and fall into the material box, the hopper is located below the material box, a draw plate hole is provided on the material box, and the insert plate is inserted into or out of the draw plate hole to control whether the solid conductive material in the discharge station falls into the hopper.

[0009] The utility model is further configured that: the resistances of the solid conductive materials in different discharge stations are different.

[0010] The utility model is further configured such that the resistance of the solid conductive material in the discharge stations arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of the chain conveyor gradually decreases.

[0011] The utility model is further configured that: the solid conductive material is in powder form.

[0012] The utility model is further configured as follows: a discharge preparation station is arranged on the chain conveyor, and the discharge preparation station is located upstream of the discharge station in the conveying direction of the chain conveyor.

[0013] The utility model is further configured as follows: a discharge completion station is arranged on the chain conveyor, and the discharge completion station is located downstream of the discharge station in the conveying direction of the chain conveyor.

[0014] The utility model is further configured to include a cooling mechanism, which includes a circulating water inlet pipe, a circulating water coil and a circulating water outlet pipe, wherein both ends of the circulating water coil are respectively connected to the circulating water inlet pipe and the circulating water outlet pipe, and the circulating water coil is in contact with the solid conductive material dropped from the discharge station.

[0015] The utility model is further configured as follows: the cooling mechanism also includes a cooling box body, the cooling box body is located between the discharge station and the material box, and the cooling box body is connected to the discharge station and the material box respectively, and the circulating water coil is arranged inside the cooling box body.

[0016] The utility model is further configured as follows: a partition plate for dividing the internal space of the cooling box body into a plurality of independent spaces is arranged inside the cooling box body, and the plurality of independent spaces inside the cooling box body correspond to the discharge stations one by one.

[0017] The utility model is further configured as follows: the vertical conveyor also includes a vertical conveying cylinder and a feeding port, the vertical conveying cylinder is used to convey the solid conductive material in the hopper to the feeding port, the feeding port is located at the top of the vertical conveyor and the feeding port is inclined downward, and the feeding port is aligned with the discharge station.

[0018] In summary, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0019] (1) After placing the used batteries on the discharge preparation station on the chain conveyor, the chain conveyor drives the batteries to move along the conveying direction of the chain conveyor, passing through multiple discharge stations with different resistance values ​​in sequence. At each discharge station, the battery discharges quickly, and as the discharge proceeds, the battery's power and voltage will gradually decrease. Since the resistance of the solid conductive materials in the sequentially arranged discharge stations gradually decreases, multiple discharge stations can form a ladder resistance, achieving stable current discharge at different voltages, making the discharge more thorough and rapid, and avoiding battery bulging;

[0020] (2) Each vertical conveyor corresponds to a discharge station. The vertical conveyor transports the solid conductive material in the bottom hopper to the discharge station. When the plug plate is inserted into the plate extraction hole, the solid conductive material in the discharge station cannot fall down, so it contacts with the battery for discharge. When the plug plate is separated from the plate extraction hole, the solid conductive material in the discharge station falls into the hopper, thereby realizing the recycling of solid conductive materials and effectively reducing the use cost.

[0021] (3) During the battery discharge process, the heat generated is taken away by the solid conductive material, and the solid conductive material falls into the cooling box below the discharge station. The cooling box is provided with a circulating water coil, and the solid conductive material is cooled by circulating water, which effectively prevents the battery discharge from causing excessive temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the specification will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the waste battery discharge device in the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the chain plate conveyor of the utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the vertical conveyor in the utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the vertical conveyor in the utility model;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cooling box body in the utility model;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cooling mechanism in the utility model.

[0029] In the figure: 1. frame; 2. chain conveyor; 21. first discharge station; 22. second discharge station; 23. third discharge station; 24. chain plate with holes; 25. baffle; 26. discharge preparation station; 27. discharge completion station; 3. vertical conveyor; 31. hopper; 32. vertical conveying cylinder; 33. feeding port; 4. cooling mechanism; 41. cooling box; 411. partition plate; 42. circulating water inlet pipe; 43. circulating water coil; 44. circulating water outlet pipe; 5. material box; 51. plate extraction hole; 6. plug-in plate; 7. battery. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. For ease of explanation, the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "bottom", etc. used in this specification indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0031] It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features involved in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, a waste battery discharge device includes a frame 1, a chain conveyor 2, a vertical conveyor 3, a material box 5 and a plug board 6.

[0033] The frame 1 is a rigid support structure formed by a plurality of support rods fixed by welding or connected by bolts, and is used to support the whole machine equipment, and at the same time provides an installation platform for structures such as the chain conveyor 2 and the vertical conveyor 3.

[0034] The chain conveyor 2 is a conveying device in the prior art, driven by a motor as a power source, and its two ends are fixed to the frame 1 through bearing seats. After the motor is powered on, the chain conveyor 2 can drive the battery 7 to move along a fixed conveying direction through the roller, sprocket, chain and perforated chain plate 24.

[0035] The perforated chain plate 24 is a carrier of the chain plate conveyor 2 during the conveying process. The perforated chain plate 24 in the utility model is densely arranged with circular small holes.

[0036] The chain conveyor 2 is also provided with a baffle 25, which is a plate-like structure vertically mounted on the perforated chain plate 24. A closed rectangular frame is formed by connecting and cooperating with a number of baffles 25. The rectangular frame formed by the baffles 25 cooperates with the perforated chain plate 24 on the bottom surface to form a discharge preparation station 26, a discharge station and a discharge completion station 27 for placing the battery 7.

[0037] In the present invention, at least two discharge stations are provided on the chain conveyor 2. In this embodiment, three discharge stations are provided on the chain conveyor 2, namely, a first discharge station 21, a second discharge station 22 and a third discharge station 23.

[0038] The discharge preparation station 26 is located upstream of the discharge station in the conveying direction of the chain conveyor 2, and the discharge completion station 27 is located downstream of the discharge station. After the battery 7 is placed in the discharge preparation station 26, as the chain conveyor 2 is conveyed, the battery 7 passes through the first discharge station 21, the second discharge station 22 and the third discharge station 23 in sequence to complete the discharge and enter the discharge completion station 27.

[0039] As attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 3 and attached Figure 4As shown, each vertical conveyor 3 corresponds to a discharge station, and in this embodiment, there are three vertical conveyors 3. The vertical conveyor 3 is a device in the prior art that can continuously vertically convey materials, and includes a hopper 31 at the bottom of the vertical conveyor 3, a feeding port 33 at the top, and a vertical conveying cylinder 32 arranged between the hopper 31 and the feeding port 33.

[0040] The vertical conveyor 3 is used to convey the solid conductive material stored in the hopper 31 to the discharge station. Specifically, the bottom surface of the hopper 31 is inclined toward the side where the vertical conveying cylinder 32 is located so that the solid conductive material falling into the hopper 31 automatically enters the vertical conveying cylinder 32 under the action of gravity.

[0041] A spiral feeding mechanism is arranged in the vertical conveying cylinder 32 , and the solid conductive material in the hopper 31 can be continuously lifted and conveyed to the feeding port 33 under the drive of a motor.

[0042] The feeding port 33 is a cylindrical tubular structure, which is arranged to be inclined downward. The inclined direction of the feeding port 33 is aligned with the discharge station, so that the solid conductive material can slide from the feeding port 33 to the corresponding discharge station by itself.

[0043] The solid conductive material in this embodiment is in powder form, such as metal powder, carbon powder, graphite powder, oxide powder, metal oxide powder, etc.

[0044] The resistance of the solid conductive material in different discharge stations is different, and the resistance of the solid conductive material in three discharge stations arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of the chain conveyor 2 gradually decreases.

[0045] Since the perforated chain plate 24 is provided with openings, the solid conductive materials in the three discharge stations can all pass through the perforated chain plate 24 and fall into the structure below.

[0046] As attached Figure 1 , Attachment Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 As shown, the waste battery discharge device of the present invention further comprises a cooling mechanism 4 for cooling. The cooling mechanism 4 comprises a cooling box 41, a circulating water inlet pipe 42, a circulating water coil 43 and a circulating water outlet pipe 44.

[0047] The cooling box body 41 is located directly below all the discharge stations and is in communication with the discharge stations, so that the solid conductive materials in the three discharge stations can all fall into the cooling box body 41 .

[0048] The cooling box body 41 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and its length direction is consistent with the conveying direction of the chain conveyor 2. A partition plate 411 is provided inside the cooling box body 41 for dividing the internal space of the cooling box body 41 into a plurality of independent spaces, and the plurality of independent spaces inside the cooling box body 41 correspond to the discharge stations one by one. In this embodiment, two partition plates 411 are provided inside the cooling box body 41 to divide the interior of the cooling box body 41 into three independent spaces that do not interfere with each other.

[0049] The two ends of the circulating water coil 43 are respectively connected to the circulating water inlet pipe 42 and the circulating water outlet pipe 44 to realize the continuous circulation of circulating water. The circulating water coil 43 is arranged inside the cooling box 41 and contacts the solid conductive material falling from the discharge station, thereby cooling the solid conductive material and taking away the heat generated by the battery 7 during the discharge process.

[0050] The material boxes 5 correspond to the discharge stations one by one. The three material boxes 5 are located below the cooling box body 41 , and the three material boxes 5 are all connected to the cooling box body 41 , so that the solid conductive material that has been cooled down falls into the corresponding material box 5 .

[0051] The upper part of the material box 5 is a prism-shaped or truncated cone-shaped structure with a gradually narrowing opening from top to bottom, and the lower part of the material box 5 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure. A draw plate hole 51 is horizontally opened at the lower part of each material box 5 to cooperate with the insert plate 6.

[0052] The hopper 31 of the vertical conveyor 3 is located below the material box 5 so that all the solid conductive materials falling from the material box 5 fall into the hopper 31, thereby realizing the recycling of the solid conductive materials.

[0053] In particular, when the plug plate 6 is horizontally inserted into the draw plate hole 51, the channel of the material box 5 is closed, and the solid conductive material falling from the discharge station passes through the cooling box body 41 and enters the material box 5, and then accumulates in the material box 5. After the material box 5 is filled, it is immediately accumulated in an independent space separated by the partition plate 411 in the cooling box body 41, so that the solid conductive material in the corresponding discharge station cannot fall, maintains contact with the battery 7, and is fully discharged.

[0054] When the plug plate 6 is horizontally separated from the draw plate hole 51, the channel of the material box 5 is opened, the solid conductive material in the discharge station is separated from the battery 7, and the solid conductive material falling from the discharge station passes through the cooling box body 41 and the material box 5 in turn, and finally falls into the hopper 31 of the vertical conveyor 3 for recycling.

[0055] The implementation principle of the above embodiment is:

[0056] After placing the used battery 7 that needs to be discharged on the discharge preparation station 26 on the chain conveyor 2, the chain conveyor 2 drives the battery 7 to move along the conveying direction of the chain conveyor 2, and passes through three discharge stations with different resistance values ​​in turn. At the first discharge station 21, the plug plate 6 on the material box 5 corresponding to the first discharge station 21 is completely inserted into the plate extraction hole 51, thereby closing the channel on the material box 5, and the solid conductive material in the first discharge station 21 cannot fall, and always maintains contact with the battery 7, so that the battery 7 is quickly and fully discharged. When the battery 7 is discharged at the first discharge station 21, the battery 7 has a reduced power voltage, and the chain conveyor 2 is about to drive the battery 7 to enter the second discharge station 22. At this time, the plug plate 6 on the material box 5 corresponding to the first discharge station 21 is separated from the plate extraction hole 51, thereby opening the channel on the material box 5. After the solid conductive material in the first discharge station 21 is cooled through the cooling box body 41, it passes through the material box 5 and enters the hopper 31 of the vertical conveyor 3 corresponding to the first discharge station 21. At this time, the chain conveyor 2 drives the battery 7 to enter the second discharge station 22, and the channel on the material box 5 corresponding to the second discharge station 22 is closed, and the battery 7 is discharged by the solid conductive material in the second discharge station 22. Then, the above steps are repeated until the battery 7 passes through the third discharge station 23. The battery 7 realizes stable current discharge under different voltages through the step resistor. After sufficient and thorough discharge, the battery 7 enters the discharge completion station 27, and the battery 7 can be subjected to other recycling processes.

[0057] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they are aware of the basic creative concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A waste battery discharge device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vertical conveyor (3), a material box (5), a plug plate (6) and a chain plate conveyor (2) for driving the battery (7) to move, wherein the chain plate conveyor (2) is provided with a baffle (25) and a chain plate with holes (24), and the chain plate with holes (24) and the baffle (25) cooperate to form at least two discharge stations for placing the battery (7), each of the vertical conveyors (3) corresponds to a discharge station, and each of the vertical conveyors (3) is provided with a hopper (31) corresponding to the discharge station at the bottom, and the vertical The conveyor (3) is used to convey the solid conductive material stored in the hopper (31) to the discharge station. The material box (5) is located below the discharge station and is connected to the discharge station. The solid conductive material in the discharge station can pass through the perforated chain plate (24) and fall into the material box (5). The hopper (31) is located below the material box (5). The material box (5) is provided with a draw plate hole (51). The plug plate (6) is inserted into or out of the draw plate hole (51) to control whether the solid conductive material in the discharge station falls into the hopper (31).

2. The waste battery discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The resistance of the solid conductive material in different discharge stations is different.

3. The waste battery discharge device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The resistance of the solid conductive material in the discharge stations arranged in sequence along the conveying direction of the chain conveyor (2) gradually decreases.

4. The waste battery discharge device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The solid conductive material is in powder form.

5. The waste battery discharge device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A discharge preparation station (26) is provided on the chain conveyor (2), and the discharge preparation station (26) is located upstream of the discharge station in the conveying direction of the chain conveyor (2).

6. The waste battery discharge device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The chain conveyor (2) is provided with a discharge completion station (27), and the discharge completion station (27) is located downstream of the discharge station in the conveying direction of the chain conveyor (2).

7. The waste battery discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a cooling mechanism (4), the cooling mechanism (4) comprising a circulating water inlet pipe (42), a circulating water coil (43) and a circulating water outlet pipe (44), the two ends of the circulating water coil (43) being respectively connected to the circulating water inlet pipe (42) and the circulating water outlet pipe (44), and the circulating water coil (43) is in contact with the solid conductive material dropped from the discharge station.

8. The waste battery discharge device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cooling mechanism (4) further comprises a cooling box body (41), the cooling box body (41) being located between the discharge station and the material box (5), and the cooling box body (41) being connected to the discharge station and the material box (5) respectively, and the circulating water coil (43) being arranged inside the cooling box body (41).

9. The waste battery discharge device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A partition plate (411) is provided inside the cooling box body (41) for dividing the internal space of the cooling box body (41) into a plurality of independent spaces, and the plurality of independent spaces inside the cooling box body (41) correspond one-to-one to the discharge stations respectively.

10. The waste battery discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vertical conveyor (3) further comprises a vertical conveying cylinder (32) and a feeding port (33), wherein the vertical conveying cylinder (32) is used to convey the solid conductive material in the hopper (31) to the feeding port (33), wherein the feeding port (33) is located at the top of the vertical conveyor (3) and is arranged to be inclined downward, and the feeding port (33) is aligned with the discharge station.

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